will cover book festivals from around the country and top nonfiction authors and books. this weekend we are live at book expo america in new york city. in the beginning of june wouldary live for the chicago tribune printer's lit fest with pulitzer prize winning author lawrence write and your phone calls. near the end of june watch for the annual roosevelt reading festival from the franklin d. radios velt presidential library n. the middle of jean-luc july we are live at the harlem book fair. the nation's african-american literary event with author interviews and panel discussions. and at the beginning of september we are life from the nation's capitol for the national book festival celebrating its 15th year. that's a few of the events this summer on cspan 2's book tv. coming up tonight on cspan 3, american history tv's coverage of the have you been

der at eight an mat i-- then a ceremony marking the exact time 150 years ago that general's grant and lee met to discuss terms of surrender. after that is correct we'll hear from two living historians who portray the generals at the ceremony. and later, remarks on the leg of appotomax with historians. each week american artifacts takes viewers to his forrics sites around the country. on april 9th 1865, confederate general robert e. lee met ulysses s. grant and sun rendered his arm of north virginia effectively ending the civil war. next we visit the confederacy in

a appotomax appotomax. >> welcome to the museum of the confederacy of appotomax. i'm listened de lipt lipscomb. the museum hare opened three years. we are an extension of the museum that was originally founded in 1890 opened in 1896 in richmond virginia. we house here a lot of aircraft facts that were from the confederates. we'll tell you how we got some of the artifacts. here we tend to focus on appotomax because we are in the location. a lot of people ask the question, why appotomax why did lee come here to surrender. it was not his original intend. lee has been looking for supplies. his goal is to find supplies for his men and then turn south to meet with general john ton who

was down in north carolina. as he is traveling from petersburg here, gran has been able to effectively block off all of the railroad supplies that lee has waiting for him as he is coming along. he gets into appotomax courthouse here, and that is the name of the village which was built on a stage coach road between richmond and lynchburg here. courthouse being spelled as two words. appotomax was a county that was formed in 1845. and in virginia the county seats are always known with the county name, and then the two words, court house. but it was a village that did have a courthouse building in it. lee arrives here on the afternoon of april the 8th. he deemploys some of his artillery here in front of him on this road on the way to appotomax station. this is where he has supply trains waiting for him. so he sends some of his

artillery out into a position mere. then he sends men out here to start unloading his supply trains. while they are unloading these trains they are surprised by general custer's californiavy who comes in and captures the supply trains and some of the men. some of them escape and start heading back towards the court house village is where their main military is. the cavalry has caught up to them. this is one of the two battles that were done here in appotomax. this is the one known as the battle at appotomax station. the only battle fought between a con californiavy unit and a confederate -- the next morning lee sends out more troops to be able to take those

trains because he believes the infantry men, the troops he has can overtake a cavalry unit in the area and get back to their supply trains. 597:30 in the morning another battle glins in the area when lee fairly soon discovers that general ord has arrived overnight with reinforcements and they have effectively cut off lee's approach back here to his supply trains. that battle lasts only to about 10:30 ton the morning when general lee sends his final message to general grant telling him he is now ready to surrender his army. you will notice here high bridge, this was going from farmville to appotomax. it crossed the appotomax river that you can see here. this photo was taken in august of 1865 when they were doing final repairs to the bridge after the war. we are going to go into the

gallery and show you some of the items that we do have. some of them were specific here to appotomax. and of course our collection is very broad, very deep. so we have a lot of other interesting things to share with you as well. this sword here is one of our outstanding pieces in our collection. this was general lee's dress sword. it was given to him in 1863 by a amerilander. that's all we know about this donor of of the. he wore it in his formal par alal portraits. he wore it on his dress appearances. he wore it on the day he surrendered to general grant because he was in his dress uniform. he didn't know what was going to happen to him personally that day. he knew he was surrendering his army but didn't know what was going to happen to him. the sword has a myth that comes with it. the writers not long after the

surrender started staying things that grant asked for his sword, lee offered his sward grant refused it. those were strictly myths. both grant and lee tried to dispell those rumors as soon as they started cropping up. that lee did not ever surrender his sword. grant never requested his sword. that in grant's words were this and much more that has been said about it is the purest romance. so it was just a myth. it never happened. the museum of the confederacy was founded in 1890 and opened as a museum in 1986 in richmond. our collection was gathered by a group of women who were prominent in each state. and they would gather art facts from the veterans or the veterans' family to add to our election collection in richmond this. flag that is here which is an army of northern virginia pattern battle flag is one of over 500 flags we have in our collection, the world's largest

collection of confederate flags. you notice up on the top there there is a stencilled number 384. this signature if i phis this was a captured battle flag. during the war if a federal soldier captured a confederate flag and turned it into the war department he was aawarded a medal of honor. the war department then stencilled these numbers on them when they would take them into their collection noting who it was that captured it the date all the period of timen in information that was there. after the war in 1905 president teddy roosevelt came to visit our museum in richmond. when he was there, he noted the pride that the women had in their collection. he went back to washington and made it possible so that the war department could return these flags back to the states from which they originally came. so if it was identified as a texas flag it was given back to texas. the virginia flags, when it came to virginia in the -- to the

government, was given to the confederate museum as we were called then. there was not a historical ♪ virginia or a library of virginia that existed at that time, so they were returned to us. after the war department had gone through its process and had disbursepersed all of the flags it could identify. it had over 200 left. it turned those over to the confederate museum for its safekeeping. that's how our collection came to be that large. this particular case talks about primarily over the overland campaign and shows things. this is when lee and grant began to fees each other in 1864. you will notice that there are photographs of the men along with the artifacts. for example, jub aisle early next to his saddle. we put a picture, a face, to the artifacts so that you can get a personal connection with the men and with the items that you are looking at, not just an article.

for example, this one of general john bellhood -- if you look at that uniform and then look at his photograph that is there, you will see that is the same uniform that he is wearing there in that particular photograph. the same here with general claiborne's uniform. this is the uniform that he was wearing when he was killed at the battle of franklin in 1864. you can see it's also the one that he is wearing in that photograph there. the damage that is done to it is -- some of it is battle damage but most of it is insect damage. it's the first that we've ever been able to display it. we have the denies and being able to display it on a slant board like this so people can see it. this is the first it has been on display since his family gave it to us. his family didn't want to give it to us because they were embarrassed by the condition it was in. but there are so few artifacts that remain of patrick

claiborne, this is a very important piece to have of him. the graphic that is here depicts the surrender of some of lee's army at the battle of sailor's creek. he lost about a third of his army at that particular battle. and this is where after this battle that general grant initiates a conversation with general lee by messenger telling him he does not want any more blood shed and asking lee to surrender his army. over the next few days they continue this correspondence saying lee doesn't want blood shed either but he does not feel it is time to surrender his army. and they continue this until the battle of appotomax court 8 house on the morning of april 9th when lee sends his final message back to grant telling him he is ready to surrender his

army. there are two significant images in this case. in d. is an aide to general fitsualy. he was wounded in action in appotomax on the morning of april 9th. lee noted that he left him writhing in his great pain and assumed he had died n. fact, he survived. he was -- he posed for this picture with his uniform that showed where the bullet passed through his coat. and that is the bullet that was recovered from him. he was operated upon by a union surgeon who saved his life, and he continue to live after the war. the gentleman that is in number f, next to him is sergeant robert parker. he was with the second virginia cavalry. and on that morning he also was engaged in a battle here in appotomax. he is known as lee's last casualty. sergeant parker was wounded in these engagements, and he passed

away in the robertson's house. he was the last man in lee's army to die before lee sent his message to grant that he was ready to surrender. sergeant parker was only 40 miles away from his hometown of bedford at the time that he had passed away. another item that we have of what lee wore the day that he surrendered to grant is his frock coat here and his gaunt lets and the pen that he used to sign his acceptance of grant's term of surrender. this is a coat that was given to us bice by his son. when he gave it to us he told us this is the one that lee was wearing the day he did is your vendor to grant. we know those were his gaunt lets that he had that day. and the pen that is here is one that he used to sign his acceptance. a lot of people don't know that general lee and general grant never signed the same piece of paper. when they met at the mclean

house on april 9th. they had a cordial meeting and lee asked grant to set down on paper his terms of surrender. he had heard them in general a few days before as they had been corresponding but he asked him to write down his particular terms of surrender, which grant did. and he gave it to lee to read. and gran signed the terms of surrender that he was offering. lee read it he made a couple corrections to it and gave it back to general grant. he wrote his letter of acceptance of those particular terms. and lee signed his own letter. but they never signed the same piece of paper. there is no formal peace treaty that originated from there. there was no document ever signed between president lincoln and president davis ending any of this. this was just lee surrendering his army to general grant at this particular time. in this particular case, there are a lot of uniforms and swords and flags that pertain

specifically here to appotomax. these were on the men that were here with them and these flags are ones that were camtured or surrendered here in appotomax. the museums that started a flag conservation program. these two flags are perfect examples of that where we have been able to have these flags conserved so they will not deteriorate any further than that. it is an expensive process to have done. it can cost 20 to $30,000. we have been fortunate to have supporters step forward to help us with these. some of them might have ancestors that fought for those particular units. so it's something personal to them. but we still have a lot of the flags that have not been conserved like this that we cannot display this way. we have some that we can display in some of the drawers over here that i will show you. we have 59 of the flags that were surrendered or captured

here at appotomax. and not all of them are in the conditions of the ones we looked at earlier that have been conserved. a lot of them look like this. this is obviously one that has probably souvenir damage done to it that was taken as they were if you recalling their flags on the day of april the 12th turning them in for the last time. a lot of the men tore off pieces or cut off pieces to take home with them as souvenirs. this particular flag not quite as much damage, but you can see that some of the stars are missing from it. some of the men took those to take home with them as souvenirs. the flag we have, though in this last case on the bottom here is one that doesn't have any damage other than the wear and tear of 150 years worth. this one was kpaerd by sergeant david lowry. and he refused to surrender his flag at the surrender ceremony.

he folded it up. he wrapped it around his body put his uniform on top of it and walked home with it. he kept it on an easel in his parlor, and it remained there until he passed away. this flag was given to us by his daughter. and that was the story that she told us. in the fall of the first year that we opened in 2012, his great granddaughter came to visit this particular flag and told us that same story that's handed down in her family that he had brought it home with him this way, he kept it on an easel in the parlor, so he kept it with him at all times. the battle flag has the men followed into battle were very significant for them. the color berrer who carried the flag was a target for the enemy. they felt if they shot down the color berrer, the flag would fall and it would morally defeat that particular unit. so this color berrers were usually very, very courageous in their fights. some of the thing that they carried these flags on some of

them you can see here on our flagstaffs. these were all surrendered here in appotomax. some of them are very nicely turned pieces of wood. yet, some of them are also just tree branches. you can see they are making due with whatever it is that they have there. when lee surrendered his army to general grant, he surrendered only his army of northern virginia. he did not surrender any other armys. although grant had asked him to. there was over 100,000 soldiers still in the field. so appotomax was just the first surrender that happened, but certainly not the last surrender that ended the war. but effectively, it did. one of the larger armys that was still in the field was joe johnston's army in north carolina. that had been lee's goal to meet with general johnston there after he supplied his troops combine the armys and continue on in their efforts. general johnston surrendered his

troops three weeks after general lee surrendered his. the portrait you see there, the spurs the gaunt lets, the sash and this chest all belonged to general joseph johnston. the last surrender that occurred on land was by brigadier general stan watty. we only have a portrait of him. he is knowable because he was a cherokee. he surrendered his men in the oklahoma territory in june of 1865. that was the last surrender of confederate troops on land. the last surrender of any confederate flag occurred in november of 1865 from the css citizen an doha. it was surrendered in november of 1865 in liverpool, england. the ships with a raiding ship, a successful one and it was operating off the coast of the elution islands off of alaska when it got word that the war had ended.

now the captain did not want to put into any u.s. port because he and his men would have been hanged as pirates because that's what they were. so they sailed all the way around south america, back up to great britain to liverpool, england, which is where their ship had been made. and they surrendered their flag there and disbursed and quietly went back home. this map shows other places where people went after the war. about 10,000 former confederate soldiers were given land grants by the emperor of brazil to come down and establish a colony. these men were known as confederateerados. about 3,000 of them remained. 7,000 of them came back. it's very difficult to establish new lands. but there are still descendants that live in brazil now. peru bellies mexico were also places where other soldiers had

gone. african-americans, some of them went back to liberia, which was a country that had been created for them with the idea of them going back to their native lands and to re-establishing colonies there. it was not very successful. and only about 4,000 african-americans went there. a much larger number of them were known as exo dusters and they went to kansas after reconstruction. about 15,000 of them, to establish life on the farms there in kansas. some of the soldiers also became mercenaries or worked for other armys. notably in egypt, a lot of them went to join the fighting that was there. some of the coats that we have in our collection show some of the all the rags has the soldiers made to them after the war. this one has some buttons covered and shows no insignia. the u.s. army regulations required them to remove any

insignia and their military buttons from their coats if they were going to continue to wear them. other modification that we see to things that were done to the soldiers' coats, there were shortages that were still happening in the south so clothing was very valuable. this is one example where a woman has taken her husband's coat from the war and cut it down to make an overcoat for our small son to wear during the winter months. this is our wall of faces, which shows nearly 100 men women, african-american and white and tells their stories here on these screens, what happened to them during the war and what happened after the war. one of the people that's in here is elizabeth van lou. she lived in richmond. and she was a union spy. she was very wealthy. and -- but she wanted to help the union soldiers and was down at libby prison a lot helping them to pass messages back and forth. after the war, she was appointed

post mistress of richmond by president grant. after she passed away, though, her home was torn down by the people of richmond. they did not have the same opinion of ms. lou that president grant did. this is an image of judea benjamin. he was the first jewish cabinetster in the i had. >>. he served both the secretary of war and secretary of states for the confederate states of america. another image here is related to some of the people that live here still in appotomax today. this is nancy martin. she was born a slave. she was 2 or 3 years old when lee u.n. surrendered here in appotomax. she became free and grew up to be a mid wife. she was a very good mid wife. if you were expecting a exiled and going into labor you called nancy martin regardless whether you were african-american or you were white. according to reverend jones who gave us this image of his great

great grandmother, nancy martin had her own wall of faces. she always had a portrait made of herself with the child that she had brought into the world. we also have here in this loom the death mask of robert e. lee. after lee left appotomax in april of 1865. he returned to virginia with his life. he was president of washington college for the next five years of his life. he passed away in 187 # to just five years after his surrender. this was one of the death masks that was made of him. the image that is back there behind him is an image of appotomax court house, the village. you can see the ruins of the burned out courthouse. this was taken in 1892 when that burned. it had been the county seat up until that point. but as we showed you on the map

before, this village was built on the stage coach line. the railroad line did not come through this village. it was few miles away. that's where lee was trying to get to to get to his supplies. so after this courthouse burned they built a new courthouses and moved the county seat down to where it exists today near that railroad station in the town of appotomax. this gallery focuses on the confederate veterans. many of them were wounded during the war action and lost limbs. some of them had prosthetic limbs like this made although when this was given to us, the gentleman said he wasn't real comfortable with it and he didn't wear it often. his grandkids probably played with it more than he ever wore it. another examples of a veteran's effects that we have is this hat that was worn by sergeant ducat. you can see that there is a hole in it. and he put this patch on it himself. and there is a photograph of him wearing that with where the

bullet grazed him during a battle. it came that close to ending his life. but it took out a big chunk of his hat. when the men came back from the war, they were significantly changed. a lot of times those boys had not been outside of their own county. now they've travelled to different states and they have seen the horrific effects of the war. a lot of them came back with physical wounds such as you see here with an eye missing an arm missing, or a leg missing. when they came back they tried to reclaim their lives. like i said a lot of them were farmers. some of them did go into politics afterwards. they were seen as war heros and were admired so it was easy to run on platforms and become elected officials back in their home commune. some of these men were radically different than what they had been when they left. a lot of these conditions they didn't understand yet. this is a time period when we don't understand bacteria and germs let alone the

psychological issues that these men were finding. in writings in journals, they referred to this condition as soldier's heart because it often came along with a heart condition that the men were suffering at the same time. today, we call this post-traumatic stress disorder. they didn't understand it at the time. their high rates of alcoholism after the war. high rates of suicide also as the men tried to deal with what they had seen during the time period without the benefits of the counselling or understanding what was going on. very similar to what we see with our veterans today. like i said previously the men were not permitted to wear their uniforms after the war was over. but yet these men wanted to get together and have reunions so they designed this confederate veteran uniform that was available for $7.50 that you will see in a lot of their reunion photographs that we have

here. most of the reunions that we see in these images were just of either the confederate veterans or of the union veterans with their own particular units. there were a few reunions that were held with troops from both the north and the south. there weren't as many of them but they were given a wide publicity about them. these were two punch bowls that were made to signify one of those reunions in the 1880s that happened between the north and the south. throughout the south, many veterans' homes became organized as places where the veterans could go to live if they had no one at home to care for them. some of the examples we have here were from the veteran's home that was in richmond virginia, with this veteran who was celebrating his 103rd birthday in this facility. one of the things they did in this home as a fund-raiser was to carve doll house furniture out of cigar boxes.

one day i was taking some of our former board members on a tour through here, two women, and they were admiring this and they commented how they used to have doll house furniture just like this that they used to play with as a child but then their mother took it away from them because she was saying they were going to break it they were being too rough with them. as they are looking and admiring the furniture and reading the label, and see who it was donated by, it was their parent. this was their doll house furniture that had been taken away from them as a child that is now appearing in a museum. the museum has undergonna number of changes since it was first opened in 1896 as the confederate museum. this museum was the next phase of being built out here in appotomax chosen to be here because of the people that come to this particular area. appotomax is one of the top draws for civil war historians or people who are just interested in civil war history.

so we wanted to give them another experience out here where we could bring more of our collection out and bring that collection that specifically relates here to appotomax. i've been with the museum 15 years. four years here as the director of the museum. i have loved the job totally. it's been absolutely fantastic. and i'm excited about the future that's going to happen with the museum as it continues to grow and expands and improve our collection. we hope you will stop by and see us. please do. >> you can watch this or other american artifacts programs at any time by visiting our website, cspan.org/history. cspan's road to the white house coverage continues with hillary clinton's first campaign stop in south carolina. she'll give the keynote address at an event held by the state's house democratic women's caucus