two-tier wage system in the area. >> i think it will be but not the way people think it will happen. if you have a higher minimum wage, i would say you create poverty pockets. if you have a lower minimum wage across the board were, the best workers come into the city of element a. the best trained workers comes into the city of l.a. so our businesses will continue to benefit from that. and we looked at some good empirical data on this. like restaurants, county next to county, the ones who raised the minimum wage and thought, well, those restaurants must be going out of business, etcetera. that didn't happen. and maybe it was a poor area or a rich city like san francisco we saw the opposite effect. so i tell other cities, don't do this because i'm asking a fair from you to make sure it doesn't hurt us, but do it for yourself. because workers can cross city boarders. and in the city of los angeles, they can live in another city

and come into the city of l.a. and i think who wouldn't want to work at a mcdonald's for $15 an hour when another place is stuck at ten? and when the employer of a mcdonald's in los angeles can pick the very best, they will get the very best. >> okay. media or club members. >> hi. my name is jordan. i'm with the sherman press agency. >> hi. >> so with the minimum wage at $15, do you encourage all cities, all states, even in the u.s. to raise to 15 or do you think that l.a. is in a unique position with population, cost of living? >> i don't. i think that 15 is a good goal. i guess i would, but different years. i mean, 15 is a fine number to organize, but i think it would be great to raise the basement nationally. but we're not seeing that happen in congress anytime soon. i hope it will and it has very strong bypartson support support

from republicans and democrats. but i think different economies are different. the cost of living is different different places, and you need to indicator it towards what is right for your own city. >> we'll take one or two more and then we'll be done. >> kevin forking with the associated press. >> how are you? >> since you require a injury additional order for the detainer requests, what has the impact been and have you seen a decline in requests since then? >> no. we've seen it be pretty constant and we've talked to i.c.e. they've asked, do you want to have a few crimes that are in a different category? that's probably the new pep discussions and we've engaged dhs and some of our immigrant groups in los angeles to see whether that's something of a future. but we haven't seen a decline or an increase. it's been pretty constant because that's something that we've had before. obviously, the overall -- we had

that policy in place long before we kind of made it official that informally we just -- we don't have the time to do it, quite frankly, too, is one of the other issues. the federal government wants to have that mandate and if we do we want to remind the federal government, gifts the resources to help us do it. we are already over tax over burden dealing with everyday street crimes, property crimes. if you want us to take on somebody's responsibilities, give us the resources to do it. >> all right. >> there's someone in the back there. >> right in the back. >> anna isaacs from "this moment" mag scene. so you said your commitment from social justice comes from judaism. i would wondering would you see raising the minimum wage is also -- by jewish values? >> absolutely.

i'm if first elected jewish mayor in los angeles. so i'm proud of that and i think, you know, not just because of the vul turl ties, but whether it's the immigrant experience of both my jewish and mexican sides or the values i think, of growing up jewish and understanding that we have a responsibility. it's not charity, but it is a responsibility of kind of our covenant to make sure that we take care of those who need us and to heal a broken world. there's no question these things come from that. and i think my grandmother on my mom's side, harry roth is an interesting american success story. he was the son of immigrantes from russia and poland. we were fleeing the pilgrims in the times of the early 20th century. his father came to los angeles and was a tailor. he took up his profession and decided to take his father's name lewis ross, and turn it into the a suit company. lewis ross was one of the finest

clothing areas in all the 19th century. the first thing he did is he came here to d.c. and he looked at johnson the way he was dressed and he said, you look like a schlub. i know this guy out in beverly hills. let's get you a nice suit and my grandfather became the tailor to the president of the united states of america. the story could end there and it would be nice. but then he was personally opposed to the vietnam war. and he was very active in progressive politics and as a businessman, he had a union shop. he was aclu man of the area. and it wore on him more and more and he had a crossroads where he said i can speak out and say something about this but lose my most important famous client or remain silent and keep him. and it wasn't a difficult choice for him. he took out full page ads with my grandmother telling president johnson not to run for re-election and offering to pay

him in his retirement a little money and it made national news his entire magazine, etcetera. and i grew up with that story. my grandfather died when i was young, when i was about 5 years old. but it showed that you stand up for what you believe in. in those moments, i think came intensely from the tra did i decision of social justice judaism and those things that he was raised with. but even more than that, being an american and realizing the country as has these opportunities. >> okay. i've got to ask this now. you raised this at the beginning and now this conversation just took place. should israel and the world feel safer or feel threatened by the iran deal? >> well as the mayor of tehangelas the largest population outside of iranians outside of iran as los angeles is sometimes called i think for a lot of iranians, they look forward to an engagement.

we're sister cities with tehran, but not active since 1979. but opportunities for engagement are important. but secondly i think that it is -- you know, the pathway is not whether or not we have safety or not. i think that we see a pathway towards a bond with no agreement. and i am cautiously optimistic and supportive of the president's efforts, for sure. it took a lot of political courage to go. even in israel, i think there's a range of opinions about this. as an american jew, as a mayor of a city with many iranian americans, i think it has much more positive to offer, the negative that we shouldn't fear that, but staying and keeping engaged has much more benefit economically and in terms of security. but we have to keep a careful eye. i know the president said this is all about verification, not trust because it has to have that snap back piece of it that allows the majority.

by the way, which means that china, russia and iran cannot veto veto but a majority of states and that means britain germany, france region are able to immediately say this is being violated. that means if the iranians don't live up to their agreement we have the opportunity to go back to the status quo. >> we'll take one more question. you guys have one? >> yep. >> okay. >> very exciting. it sounds like you've implemented a lot of great initiate ifrs in los angeles and you've been doing a great job, but what are your comments on the recent spike in crime there and also kind of settle back on that. how do you view obama's 46 pardons on to nonviolent federal officialers. >> i think it's great if that is

taking up criminal justice reform. we spend way too much on criminal justice matters. i want to keep the bad guys and gals locked up and but too much of a criminal justice system puts the wrong people away for too long. i admire the work that cory booker is doing on this issue and came out of his experience as a mayor in new york where he often opened an office of re-entry to help people get out of prison and to reintegrate. so i don't know the individual parts, but by and large, i'm sure, you know, the president is doing the right thing. these are probably ones that we would all look at and say that's ridiculous and we could spend a lot less money transforming who these folks are than keeping them locked up at a very expensive cost for all of us. in los angeles, i've said you have to own the good news as well as the bad news. los angeles is still the safest of the big five cities and the crime levels are as safe as we've seen for the 1960s per

capita. but any increase is struggling. immediately what we've looked to do, we've seen this happen throughout the country, is it something changing is it the hangover from the recession? we're not sure what the causes are, but we're not going to be flat flatted on the response. and we've seen a tapering off of our increase this year. one, having more mobile police officers to be able to go to areas where there's a crime spike before it becomes a crime wave. second, doing a lot of prevention and intervention work. and i'm very proud of los angeles's national model for things like our summer night life program which are keeping our parks open late at night. we've seen a 40% drop in crime because they become the victims of and sometimes perpetrators of violent crime in the weekendes. second, looking at former gang members who work in those areas where most crimes in l.a. is gang crime. most homicides are. so we need people who know the landscape, who can transform their own lives but who can get

between the guns and stop the retribution of the violence that happens and that's called g.r.i.d. gang reduction zones. we saw domestic violence go up and i hope this is something nationally that we'll continue to have a conversation on. in los angeles, we rolled out a program to have civilians go out with our police officers every single division. they talk to a cop, they go back to the same address time and time again for a domestic violence call. sometimes it's tragic when they come and somebody has been killed. the idea is to intervene early, it's often a woman, but not always, to take her children and give them the job training, a security and place for their pets but all those things to keep them back and to go in and help the officers hahn those off to folks who can give them the legal help. so we have a full range of things we're doing. that's continuing to build trust between the community and the

committee. it hasn't been that we haven't had shootings and unarmed civilians. some of them where police are on the pathway to getting consequences of that. it's oftentimes seen as a justified self-defense or public safety move. partially because of the pain we went through, we have independent investigations a civil civilian -- i think that will help the trust you have to have to bring crime down, too. >> i think we are included and i thank you all very much. thank you all very much for coming and, mayor, it was fantastic. >> thank you. >> you really had a lot to say. >> thanks so much. have a great day. >> thank you.

>> on the next washington journal, congressman chris stewart, a member of the intelligent committee will talk about congress's role in reviewing the nuclear agreement with iran. and congressman mark decano on the effort to update the no child left behind education law. washington journal begins live at 7:00 a.m. eastern time. >> c-span is partners with a number of newspapers and early voting states for a televised forum with the republican presidential candidate this summer. the new hampshiran union leader post courier in south carolina and iowa's cedar rapid gazette have invited all 17 of the gop presidential candidates to what's being called a voter's first forum. we'll have live coverage from c-span. here is more about what we can expect. >> unionleader.com, this is the headline. outfox, voters forum to be the

first for the gop. and joining us from manchester is the publisher of the new hampshire union leader, joe mmc mcquaid. >> thanks for having me and thanks for c-span for playing a part in this. >> we are pleased to be a partner. let's talk about this forum. how and why did it come about? >> it came about because we are seven months or 6 1/2 months from the first voters getting a chance to whittle the field, as it were, in iowa new hampshire and south carolina. and fox got the first official debate from the rnc and fox announced that only ten candidates based on a compilation of national polling done in august were going to determine the ten seats. so they had a debate. as you know, steve, there are a lot more credible serious candidates than that. and we thought it unfair that

only ten got to be on the fox stage. so we said about a month ago that we were going to do our own event. this was also prompted in part by a letter that more than 50 new hampshire republicans, including a couple of former governors, wrote to fox protesting this format and asking that they, instead, break the top polling candidates into two groups and have two back to back debates. but fox didn't want to do that. >> your cosponsors including the post courier and charleston south carolina and the cedar rapids iowa, gazette. so what is the format and what's the objective? >> a couple things. i'm stickeled about those two newspapers because we know them because we're all in a group called the independent newspaper group which, by its name, is independently owned newspapers in the country. there aren't a lot of those any

more and it happens this one in south carolina and one or two in iowa. the format is pretty simple and straightforward. now all the candidates will be introduced in short by lines read by an announcer. one at a time, the candidates will be called up on stage to sit with the moderator. it was a gentleman named jack heath who runs a radio show in new hampshire and is quite well respected among candidates. he doesn't ask gotcha questions, he asks tough questions. the questions are going to come in part from the survey we're going to put on unionleader.com asking readers to pick five out of 25 or 26 topics that they would like to see discussed. and jack heath will be formulating the questions based on that and we'll put them, one at a time, to the candidates. we haven't gotten as far as to

mixing up how many questions there will be and who gets what question, but i know we're not going to announce the order of the candidates until that night because i don't want the first one skipping out after and the last one not coming in in many until it's his or her turn. and we expect we're going to have upwards of 15 candidates, which would be great and which is what iowa and new hampshire and south carolina are all about. looking at all the candidates before making a decision. and looking at comparing what they said at the same time in the same place which is what fox's currently unable to accomplish. >> that will be live on c-span. you have already been in touch with a number of the candidates and their campaign staffs. what are they telling but this approach that you and others are putting forward? >> well, they like it, especially the ones who are not

the best known candidates. donald trump isn't going to have any trouble getting on the fox stage based on his polling numbers. but a lot of the other candidates have trouble with the fact that donald trump gets on and they may not and there's senator lindsey graham has said in the past couple of weeks, brad pitt could get on that stage based on national polling and candidates like graham, like governor john kasich who is not officially in the race but is going to be in the race. our outside looking in. and that troubles them. senator graham is having a press conference in new hampshire later today, continue to protest the way this is going down with fox. but we've now had eight candidates accept our invitation without reservation.

the they really haven't asked much. we send them an invite that outlines the format and they're happy to do it. >> finally, joe mcquaid, as the publisher of the union leader in new hampshire, you have seen a lot of candidates. 15 official republicans in this race, soon to be 17. have you ever seen such a crowded field? >> no. there have been a lot of names on our ballot because it used to not cost much to get on. but credible candidates -- i think the candidates there was a woman and seven guys and i think we called them snow white and the seven dwarfs. and the republicans back in 1980 with ronald reagan had quite a few, but not this many. >> full details online at unionleaders.com. thank you very much.

we look forward to covering the forum on august 3rd. >> you're welcome, steve. thank you to c-span once again. >> this weekend is c-span's cities tour travels across the country with time warner table. to learn more about the literary life and history of lexington, kentucky. edward pritchard was a state hero who had a ta multius political career. >> in the mid 1940s b, if you had asked who is a bright shining star in american politics on a national scale someone who is going to be governor, senator, perhaps president, a lot of people would have said ed pritchard of kentucky. he was one of those people who worked in the white house when he was in his early 20s. he seemed destine for great things and then came back to kentucky. and in the mid 1940s was indicted for stuffing a ballot box, went to prison. and so that incredible promise just flamed out.

>> we also visit ashland, the former home of speaker of the house senator and secretary of state henry clay. >> the mansion at ashland is a unique situation. clay's original home had to be torn down and rebuilt. it fell into disrepair. it could not be saved. so he rebuilt on the original foundation. so what we have is a home that is essentially a five-part federal style home, as henry clay had, with architectural elements etcetera, and an added layer of aesthetic details added by henry clay's granddaughter and great-granddaughter and so on. >> see all of our programs from lexington saturday evening at 6:30 a.m. eastern and saturday afternoon at 2:00 on american history tv on c-span3. >> up next, texas senator and gop presidential candidate ted cruz talk bes congress and the 20167 elections.

senator cruz sat down with james kemp, son of jack kemp. we also also hear from joe lieberman. >> thank you for joining us. this is a real treat. the reason why we've gathered here and why you all have come is because at the jack kemp foundation we want to hear from national political leaders about their vision for the american idea. and it's a real privilege now to have senator ted cruz with us for our first kemp forum on the vision for the american idea. a little background about where we are, this was president and

mrs. lincoln's bedroom. and 153 years ago this summer, president lincoln was writing the emancipation proclamation from this room. there's a replica desk over there. and he didn't sleep a whole lot, so we believe that he did his writing here. so in many respects, this is hollowed ground. the american idea, as we know is best described in the deck lar agdz of independence. and i think it's appropriate to start off talking about vision for the american idea and just reminding all of us and myself this has been a good exercise for myself about what the declaration says. we hope these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights to

life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. and here is a critical part. what follows it directly is really important. that to secure these rights, governments are constituted among men -- can you finish it? i'm working on it. among men deriving their powers, deriving their just powers from the consent of the government. so the beautiful ideas that form the declaration of independence were clearly intended to be followed by a constitution. and senator cruz, having you here, a constitutional expert, a senator, senator lieberman, having you here, your experience and incredible public service being a close friend of my father's is a real honor and

treat to have you all here. the the mission of the jack kemp foundation is to develop, relate and engage exceptional leaders who champion the american idea. and it's also appropriate that yesterday was my father's 80th birthday. july 13th 1935, and i certainly appreciate the legacy that he left. and one other comment before we really begin. my dad was passionate about many things and certainly he was passionate about the american idea. one of his good friends -- and i'm privileged to call him a friend, as well dennis prager talks about the american idea as being an american trinity. on every coin, each of us will read three word or phrases.

liberty, in god we trust, and epleuribis unum. that final one is where he'd like to start. many of you know the story of my father, he's the son of a truckdriver, the guy who started a delivery service and bought a bunch of trucks. he was an entrepreneur. out of many, each of us in this room comes from a background, a personal background. we have fathers, mothers uncles grandparents, and just thinking about e pluribis unum and the gratitude that i have for my dad and my mom, i'm grateful that each of us is standing on the shoulders of great men and women who have come before us. and senator lieberman or senator cruz, you talked about your father rafael cruz and the story of how you kind of came to

understand the american idea. would you share it with us, the story of your family and your father and start to talk about your vision and understanding of the american idea. >> thanks jimmy. it's great to be here. i'm really here as a moderator. so it's good to -- it's an honor to be with senator ted cruise who is a real man of ideas. so when jimmy called me, i figured i would have to change my schedule because i acknowledged to him that it's very hard for me to turn down a request from my member of the kemp family. jack was a hero of mine. he was a remarkable figure, an inspiration. a uniter. and he combined skills and visceral strengths. so he was both a man of ideas and a brain and also a person of extraordinary warmth and passion and just made a lot of things happen. i think one of the highest

compliments i've ever received he said to me once he considered himself to be a lieberman did the democrat. and i said quite sincerely that therefore, i was finding myself a kemp republican. and i still feel that way. so about my dad, you know, comes from your own experience, i'll start with my grandmother my mother's mother. we were in the house together for the first eight years of my life until my dad made enough to buy our own house and my grandmother came with us. why do i mention my grandmother? she was my link to the old country. we called it the eld country. in her case, it was romania, now ukraine. so all four of my grandparents were immigrants and -- but my grandmother was the one who was really in my life. and, you know, i always used to say she was one of the greatest american patriots i ever met because she has something to

compare america to. and that is -- that's one of the gifts that is competing generations of immigrants have given us because i think they appreciate the american idea the american experience sometimes more than the rest of us. my dad was a story, really. he had a tough childhood, but he never complained about it. and i didn't find this out. i knew his mother, who i never met, died in a flu epidemic in 1918. his father felt he couldn't take care of him and put him in an orphanage. and he was in an orphanage a from the age of 3 until 10 until his dad remarried and took him out and came out of high school in the depression. i mean, to me, just one of the smartest most learned people i ever met, but no -- just didn't have the opportunity to go to college. worked in a bakery truck worked in a store, worked in a factory and met my mom. each uncle had a story and they

had to my dad, they would put him in a store of his own, but he would have to make $25 a week before they would let him marry my mother. this was a tough deal. but it was a great incentive system, so -- and he did that rapidly. i don't want to go into all the details. he married my mom. they were wonderful parents. so i grew up with this sense of tremendous -- neither one of my parents went to college. i grew up with a real sense of sort of opportunity and blessing that that is what -- in some ways, to be self-analytical about it, a lot of the motivation i had in life was because i had this sense that my father had been deprived of the opportunities that his god given talented would normally have given him. and the home was very puerto ricoic. my family was primarily democratic. although my dad when i was like a later teenager, this may be the seed of some of my later

troubles. he admitted to me that he voted for wendell wilkie in 1944. so i grew up with god bless america and you know, the dream. if you work hard and play by the rules, in this country there is no limit to how far you can go. and what can i say? i've lived that dream, thank god. >> thank you. senator cruz, would you share with us what you wrote in your book a time for truth, which is, i believe, may pay some homage to bill simon's book. but would you share a little bit about what you wrote in that book about your father rafael and you're kind of coming to understanding of the american idea? >> sure. let me say jimmy, thank you for having me here and let me first pay tribute to your dad, wish him happy birthday from yesterday and i'll tell you, he -- your dad and ronald reagan and i grew up with there being

two of my heros. as a kid. when i was elected to the senate, it so happened that i won the republican nomination on what would have been milton freedman's 100th birthday. so that night i paid tribute to uncle milty who wasn't with us. and i'll tell you your dad i think, was an extraordinarily inspiring leader. i think he was ronald reagan's natural idea logical heir and successor and he had a passion and vision that freedom is all about lifting people up to the american dream. and that for me, has been right at my -- it's why i was drawn to politics in the first place is to endeavor to follow a similar path although i'm quite confident i will never be a starting quarterback in the nfl. so it won't be exactly the same path. >> you never know. >> but as you noted, you know, out of many one, we are all

stitched together from the fabrics of our family stories. and my mom is irish italian from wilmington, delaware, grew up in a working class family. her mother was the second youngest of 17 kids. as i like to joke, they were irish catholic. they didn't know what else to do on a saturday night. actually, her uncle i discovered this in the process of writing my book, i discovered that her uncle i guess my great uncle, ran the numbers in wilmington, delaware. he was a monster. and his mom used to take the numbers and she would get two -- nest them together and carry the numbers between the soup pots and this little lady would walk down the street carrying the numbers for the bookies that were in wilmington. so that was her family. and she ended up becoming the first person in her family ever

to go to college. my grandfather, her dad, was a difficult plan. he was a drunk. and he didn't think that women should be educated. and my mom who is 80 now she was the same age as your dad, my mom stood up to her dad. and she's got -- she's got a steel backbone. she stood up to her dad and ended up being the first woman in her family to go to college. and she went to rice graduated in 1956 with a degree in math. and became a computer programmer in the 1950s, really pioneering in an industry where there were very few women. and my dad, his journey, he was born in cuba. it was interesting, joe, i didn't realize one way other histories intersect. you mentioned that your dad and mom have died in the flu epidemic. my grandfather's father died in

that same flu epidemic. my grandfather was in cuba and his dad died in the flu epidemic epidemic. so he found himself as a teenager living on a sugar plantation. and it was basically -- it was essentially a company town where everyone in the sugar plantation was paid in script at the store. and then all your expenses were charged and effectively it was indentured servitude. my grandfather, when he was a teenager a bus came by offering people $5 a and a sandwich to come to a political rally. and my grandfather got on that bus and vowed never to come back again. and he went to matonza a beach town, and went to work at a little frooud fruit stand on the beach and slept on the floor of the fruit stand. over time, he saved up money sent money to his mom and siblings. over time, he bought the fruit stand and expanded it into a grocery store. and my dad grew up -- you know

in some ways, cuba in the 1950s, it was idyllic. he would go to baseball games, go fishing with his dad. my father would tell me you know, in cuba, they didn't use a rod and reel. they used basically fishing line wrapped around a stick or something. so when you were pull a fish in it would cut you because you would be pulling on the line. my dad said, cuban fish stories you would show the cut. the bigger the cut, the bigger the fish that you were wrestling. and my dad as a teenager became involved in the cuban revolution. and it was interesting, the revolution in cuba started in high school, started in the colleges. it was the student councils. my dad was a teej age kid in high school student council got recruited by another student. batista was cruel and corrupt. my father spent several years fighting in the revolution. when i was 17, he was thrown in prison and he was tortured. batista's soldiers they would come in every couple of hours

with billy clubs and beat the living daylights out of him. they broke his nose, shattered his teeth. and at that point my grandfather said to my dad, he said, look he got out of jail. they released him and they were following him