the way it is. it helps nationalize a movement that is already a movement. there are people who were in effect to buy what -- affect did by what happens in the south that are already in the south. there are some not legalized spaces fully. like the south part of chicago where african-americans were forced to take housing. there were little agreements, we will not rent to black people in these spaces. exclude them from being able to do what their white migrant counterparts were able to do, and many more of their white migrant counterparts had homes.

in this world that was created where children are being heightened with their sensibilities within the family context. that helps to think about how we can appreciate african-american families right along side schools and churches. we have portraits of people having a mass meeting in a church. right? that is easy to see. we're increasingly learning about groups and the work of student activists. we're getting more of a appreciation for why it might be that elders who we see in these portraits act up. why might that be the case? why?

>> [indiscernible] change this culture, change this world. most of them did not grow up in this world, so they have no sense of what it is like to be beaten or anything like that. it is about the united states. >> this cohort of young oh, and this generation and about five years around emmett till's birth, they are these college-age people. in their 60's. yes, they get inspiration and they have the fire of youth. they certainly do in the movement. these -- this leaves this middle space. if you were college-age or high school age, if you do not have

kids, if you do not have a house you have to maintain, if you don't have to make sure you have kid just get off the property, this leaves a space for people who are at the of but maybe not in the same way we have traditionally appreciated. if you look at they work of some people, one is talking about fighting people in the movement who also have to be value for the work that they do. if you talk to movement veterans like mr. macarthur cotton, he says we won't have anything to do like our parents, he won't take credit for the work he did but he talks to these older generations and i think it is an important for us to talk about this long civil rights myriad. that they provide for us, to

think about this long kind of history and think about organizations that are already here. congregations like the beauty shops, to see these spaces you don't usually think about as movement spaces. look at these congregations and these spaces where african-americans congregate. we can see ways for political activity to help us actually read think what we think of as politics into it might not have been the case that the encore was thinking about how he was going to shape his nephew's thinking. but since he was a principality, he probably had some ideas. an educator. come on, we got any education majors in here? he may have just been actuating the call or the request when

congressman lewis asked to go to new york, but when he takes him he has to be aware of how that might shape his nephew. right? so then john lewis comes back, and he says, you know, i could not continue in the same way. i had to make sure i did something different. i had to change things. i could not participate anymore. i could not be the way that i was. we want to think about how many families space it. if we think about family as expansive and not just the nuclear network, if we think about how family actually is for many people in these african-american communities extended networks and what i call the hazelnut family, when they are not lied or legal families this helps us see what is happening here.

we see this when we look at the work of activists. specifically in the 1960's, we have people who are not on the south. people who are not african-american who are coming and living in the homes of that family. living in these spaces because there is no howard dodson saying they are welcoming all civil rights movement at this. you have to deal with people who want to work on voting rights. you can get your room from $50 a night. there is no such thing as that right? there is no welcome wagon. there is no parade. that is not happening. right? so they have to be in those places that are near the community. this is a long tradition of african-americans working in a family network that is expansive that helps to set up what

movement activists are able to do. so when you come back on thursday, because items -- because i am close to time, when i come back on thursday we're going to explore the civil rights movement and i want you to think about, the 60's. we have been building up to this discussion. the codes you remember when i said this, the height you are going to look at the 50's and 60's at this time when there is a lot of action in the river. a moving river. think about it as a family network. a collective of people that we have been investigating today. then, we will turn back to after emmett till's death, knowing we also had the brown decision. we will see a great film on a man named charles hamilton

houston. he is like my 1950's and 1960's crash. we will look at his work. we will also think about this long civil rights narrative. so when people even say emmett till was my spark for getting in the movement, i think listening to their stories and there in all biographies and memoirs and conduct thing -- conduct doing interviews -- and conducting interviews with them and listening to their stories, i think that their family structures and their family experiences also have to politicize them even know this is a really important, important moment. so we're going to move forward and look at how these people and

their parents are part of what we see happening in the 1950's and 1960's. how they make that moment of the cold war when we can maximize for justice struggles. so i want you to read whatever it says on your syllabus and be will sure that you seriously consider my comments to you about your papers. i am looking forward to them. don't you think the proposal was really, really valuable? i would say so. it helps you to see what i want you to do and it helps you not fear off onto something else. so, thank you for all your good attention and good work. any questions? all right, i will see you. >> when francis flynn some married president grover cleveland, she became a first

lady with many posts. she was the first and only lady to be married in the white house. and the youngest. when she died on october 20 9 1947, -- and when he died on october 20 9 1947, she lived longer than any other first lady. examining the women who filled the position of first ladies and their influence on the presidency from martha washington to michelle obama. sundays on c-span3. >> coming up next on american history tv, a discussion on propaganda used by the american government during world war ii. a talk about tactics used to influence citizen to enlist in the military by war bonds, and keep secrets from the enemy.

the harry s. truman library and museum in independence, missouri, hosted this. it is about 15 minutes. >> thank you, ed. it is a pleasure to come here and talk to you about this topic. world war ii on -- propaganda on the home front. i worked with a wide variety of records, many which were created by federal agencies operating in the states during world war ii on the home front to facilitate the war effort. many of the record you see today, i came across in my day-to-day work. i found these fascinating records that i thought were a great way of telling the stories of the homefront during world war ii. i do want to just have a quick note on the sources today to make sure things are entirely clear. most or many of these sources

today are from the holdings of the archives. they are from records that carried through the draft throughout the year. records from the chief of ordnance. records of the bombs and munitions he used. records from the mid-central war industries. it will be highlighted quite a bit to in today's presentation and it is unique in that it is not a federal agency like most of our agencies. it was created by local businessman who saw a need for smaller businesses to take part in the war effort. the large businesses got all of the contracts right?

for defense production. he was worried these smaller companies would not have a shot about getting contracts and would with rep. anna to support those so that small communities would not have their businesses go drive. so he gathered up information on different industries and did successfully create in and destroyed that could get contracts, defense contracts and do those goods for the war. as a result, there is correspondence and other records, such as blueprints, which give a good record of what the businesses and our area did support the war effort. that will be kind of a highlight of today's talk. the other records that will be highlighted. a good group 21. also, a lot of the code today will come from the image of the national archives that have

still images and posters that are excellent and fascinating to look at. on today's topic, propaganda. when you hear propaganda it has a negative connotation. when you hear propaganda you hear things like, don't fall for propaganda. that is a bunch of propaganda. it sounds negative. propaganda. it certainly could be negative right? you think of an enemy opposite to your out disinformation or lies. during world war ii, they did use a lot of propaganda. the nazis were infamous for their successful propaganda in their own country. today, then, we are talking about the united states to support the war effort. as such, you have to keep in mind that propaganda is many

things. it is the deliberate dissemination of information and ideas to aid or harm individuals or nations. it can be positive. right? top again it can be a positive thing, it is not always a negative thing. normally it is designed to appeal to emotions, to cultivate desired opinions and positions. it takes your feelings and turns it into a braid to get you to think a different way. and can also be a motivational tool used to elicit action. like a coach talking to their team. getting them pumped up to talk to their team. empathizing. of course, it can be very negative. even looking at the propaganda

used by the united states at times. you can also use fear. fear is a powerful emotion. you can play on fear to drive home a point to get people to think a certain way. hate, loathing, other emotions to get people to act a certain way. you can play on misconceptions or perception. propaganda, whether it is true or whether it is a lie packed within a kernel of truth generally you have to have something to play up on. it is important to remember than any form it is presented in, it could be posters, speeches, movies radio programs, the printed word, all of those could beatles for propaganda. -- could the tools for propaganda. they are trying to get people to go along with a specific position. some a positive, some are

negative. it is more than just one thing. where we are going to start today is at the beginning of the united states during world war ii. before we entered the war there was public sentiment and favor of isolation and non- interventionism to keep the united states out of world war ii. right? world war ii became in 1939 and we did not join until later. the war raged for years and our soldiers were not actively fighting. part of the reason was memory from the carnage of world war i. right? world war i was a horrible time in world war history. a horrible time. world war i veterans thought back to the war they did not want the united states to be any part of that. it was the, stay apart. we don't want to take part in

any part at all. another reason was we just went through the great depression. people went through a lot of pain and suffering. maybe there was not as much willingness to do we need to suffer more? i don't want to take her to that. that is another reason. also, there was a large german-american population in the united states. there was an organization that supported the nazi's that were active in the united states. you even had some influential figures, mostly, charles lindbergh who went out and talked about being an isolationist. we don't need to be part of that. we have some examples from our records. from the resources board. this was a letter read it the close of 1940 two a man who was organizing to get some more resources. in it, it says -- \

--he is equating it with war and our country. he is saying there is no reason for us to get involved. we have enough problems. that is an example of isolationism. here is another example. a music these. from a farmer. he wrote it in 1940. the war is raging in europe. it is been one on for years. we are not part of it.

he wrote this, it was performed across the northwest, the stronghold of isolationism. it was sung by his daughter ruth. she is in a be ending uniform. she would perform advance and conventions and things like that. she would sing about us not going over there and being mauled in the fight. there was very real opposition to the war here on the homefront for. but, we had to get prepared anyway. the u.s. government worked to prepare the government for war. on september 16, 1940, president roosevelt signed the selective training and service act. during world war i, the united states war industries were not at full capacity. we were not producing the goods

of where that were needed. our army was very small. it took a long time for us to actually project our power is the united states in world war i. we ended up playing a key role, but it took a wild. president roosevelt knew we would likely be in the war. he was very much opposed to the nazis. he wanted to prepare us for a fight he believed we should be part of. but he had to pay service to our official position of neutrality. so, how do you get the united states prepared for around the nose isolationism? how do you get them to sign onto a draft? well, you have pieces like this. a political piece. bitter pill. connecting with their form of government, dictatorship. very un-american, right? the draft is sticking it to the

dictators, right? it is pretty clear what they're running. here, it is even more clear. a picture of it often aware of being disturbed by a draft. a draft of wind, as an allegory for a military draft. howard brings it even more home, even more clear, up in the corner plans for south america. this is not just on the other side. hitler has plans for south america. they're going to bring it to our side of the atlantic. we better prepare. it is just a way of trying to bring the conflict, overseas europe north africa, book, there is stress over here, that is why we have to have the draft. at the same time, production ramped up. industries needed to be in a wartime setting. so despite the official neutral status of the united states

production of goods back to the up. as to be sold to the alleys and to prepare the u.s. army. the u.s. sought to help with the besieged in great britain. this included tanks ships, of abu reservoir that the british used in their fight against the nazi's. that, to support that, president roosevelt wanted to bring it home even more. the push went further. straight from the president. this document contains excerpts from something president put out. this was published december 3, 1941. inc. about the proximity there. we're not at war, but we are four days away from pearl harbor and this was published. it really shows the united states pushing for a full wartime posture. the first thing is roosevelt are

urging bad for sacrifices are needed to stop hitler. we are not at war, but he is saying for sacrifices are needed. the president warned that we needed a for, unlimited commitment to crash hitlerism and to protect the united states from the berlin slave market. he knew the imagery he was using with germany at the time industry and labor must produce proper government agencies to deliver the goods to take the battle to the front of the war. so we need to ramp up our efforts to full capacity. the liberty and the very safety of the united states cannot he ushered in a world which is three-fourths slaves and one

fourth war. even if we don't join, and the rest of the world falls, we are down the road, too. he continues by eliciting more fears. after hitler has changed occupied countries into great slave areas for nazi rollers, a similar fate awaits america workers should hitler win. we must furnish arms to britain, russia, china and we must do it now, today. and there is more saying that the united states is on the nazi timetable. where next. they have designs on us now. he is really breaking down the two positions into isolationism and people getting ready for the war. the position of realism in terms of dryships a day, the fullest use of every vital machine every minute of every day and every night.

realism in terms of staying on the job and getting things made. and taking the industrial grievances. that is one position. realism. he contrasts that with the up approach -- but the approach of the blind and delimited. do you think we could do business with hitler? how prophetic that was. 40 days later, after this was published, the japanese attacked pearl harbor, and on september 11 germany declared war on the united states and the united states began a old transition to a war-time climate. the call was made to join the fight. the transition included an all-out propaganda blitz as the government used all of its resources to get the country to

fully support the war and every way. part of that, is educating, informing, and telling the nation out of the needs to enlist in the armed forces. an list man and included many different things. there were many different ways a person concerned. this is an example. created november of 1942, and it was for women in the coast guard reserve. over 11,000 spars served in world war ii. carrying out tasks or the united states. there are all kinds of pushes. maybe are not made for the army or navy, maybe there's something else you could do to support. other avenues of encouraging people to an -- two and list

included celebrities. your is generous. world heavyweight champion. one of the greatest champions of all time. "we're going to do our part and join in because god is on our side." the united states took advantage of the enlistments. many famous people. athletes like lawyers jamboree knee, baseball players like warren spohn, ed williams, joe dimaggio. they'll all joined up and had the films running as they joined up. joe is joining. shouldn't you? right? movie stars. clark gable. john wayne. shouldn't you do your part? it was kind of a way to show you other people were doing it. and list.

man the gun. right? the amazing feat of strength. it was used to prod and compel men to serve. be a man. join the army. join the navy. keep them flying. first class men needed. join the air force. join the navy. the bottom says, patriotic individuals who want to fight for their country. if you are a talented young man, join up. if you want to protect your country, join up. beyond enlistment, there was a call to be vigilant. immediately following the attack on pearl harbor, a major effort to inform on the dangers of spies and saboteurs spread across the country. "lose lips sink ships" and

warnings against careless talk. this is a letter from kansas from a manufacturing company. this is from december 11. the day germany declared war shortly after the japanese attacked pearl harbor. further, we are now in erecting a wire fence in the rear of our shop building.

so, here they are, this little company in leavenworth kansas, battening down the hatches. the information is out. be vigilant. they are receiving information to be vigilant and they are responding. this is supplementing the telephone call on the night of december 24, 19 41. shortly after christmas eve.

so always be aware, vigilance takes navigation because your enemy takes no vacation. they got this message out in many ways. posters such as this one. it is harsh and start. you look at that face. murderer? really? it is used to drive home just how serious and deadly images can be. the image is meant to shock. if you don't know something, you don't know who you're talking to, be silent. careless talk. the enemy was often put in a menacing light if possible. once again the intent is to startle and shock. the peering eyes looking at you in the dark.

the menacing form is meant to have a mental impact. propaganda likes to dehumanize your enemy. right? they are not like you. they are evil. they have it out for you. looking at that, i mean, it is kind of frightening. it looks like a storm trooper watching you. you've got a have your eyes open and aware. this next image is completely different. a puppy. sad. because nobody can handle a sad happy face, right? so careless talk. because of careless talk, this dog lost its owner. a completely different bent than the other one and the interesting to me that they would employ this kind of propaganda. and you look at this dog? don't talk. and finally, careless talk, someone talked said this man is

barely had above the surface about to drown. the image bring homes that loose lips causes death. so should you think in your vigilance of not talking, people could pay the price. don't talk. just don't do it is the message. another major meshes to as production for victory -- on another major message is production for big hurry. how to motivate your workforce. those who did not join the war forces had a major part to play. propaganda drove home the need to produce the goods for war and in some -- conserve the other resources. not everyone can be charging

machinery, shooting guns, flying tanks, underwater in a summary. you need people to make those things. so for the people who stayed home, there was a push to saying your job is important too. without your job, we cannot win the war. one way people meted to make sure they were doing all they can is by maximizing their talent. there was an effort for individual talent to be matched up with the position that match their ability. it was a key to getting ahead in the war. or you have uncle sam. right? uncle sam reminding people to fill out the forms. it says, have you had training or experience which would qualify you for a much more responsible position and which you are not using to the war effort? could you do more? even if you're working but you could be in a position where we need a person of your talents.

do you have unused skills and work for which there is a shortage of manpower? at the bottom, fill it out. turn it in. this is your patriotic duty. you are being unpatriotic if you're not in the right position doing the right job if needed. and they drive that home even more. here is a poster. miles of hell to tokyo. work where you are needed. the connection is, if you are not in the right place doing what you can, you are helping people die over there. we need all of your help to make sure people do not die on the hellish road to tokyo. so, do all you can. right? the more manpower commission was set out as an agency to match manpower, the workforce, with needs. from every assembly line. the quote there is from

president roosevelt our nation must speak from every assembly line. this is an informational booklet created by the defense industry. was created as a blueprint to how to operate your wartime production plant. it is a model. the northern pump company in minnesota was built in a cornfield in the 11 months in and was producing gun sights and gun mounts for navy vessels during the war. " hill says that our country is fighting in the greatest production of bad of the world has ever known. the outcome will depend on output. victory must be one in honor of the plant before it can be won on the battlefront. you've got to win production before you can win overseas. it stresses the importance of

making available the ideas and that it believes that help to increase production at individual plants throughout the country. it is a picture story of the morale message at the northern pump company navy ordnance plant. we are about to take a step into a plant in minnesota that was entirely immersed in propaganda support the war effort. you as the first image. are you doing your share? people are encouraged to eat sleep, and live next them. you're tired? drink coffee. get back to work. the cup even says "production for victory." even when he was drinking

coffee it is telling him why he was doing what he is doing. you cannot enter a place without uncle sam telling you you need to do your part. at times at home. it says it is sure job and my job to work with a vengeance. it is connecting the worker with the soldier. it is easier if you are operating a machine, stamping out a piece of equipment, to support it is important with what you are doing. they are trying to connect what people are doing. we're with a vengeance. you are part of that. help to win the war. we have an example of the company christmas cards to all of the employees thanking them for their efforts to help when the war. on the right side, there is an image. every worker's family was given an american lad.

they were encouraged to display the flag. keep patriotism in mind. remember what you are doing for your country. every month they would have a new slogan. this month, it is one question for every decision. will it help to win the war? is what you are doing helping to win the fight. remember pearl harbor. he is a picture down the production hall, and above it you see printed, twice, remember perl harbor. every moving object in the plant has a message on it. people are encouraged to keep in mind why they are doing what they are doing. keeping their objective at the forefront of their mind. once again, there is uncle sam pointing straight to you. saying the fate of our nation

depends upon your work. your part is small but our goal is to. even if you are doing a small part, it is for a big thing. on the one side it says, if we stick to it like macarthur into his men, we're never going to lose. once again connecting the workers with the soldiers overseas. there is another example, in the same shop, let's get busy. torpedo tube training gear. we must train day and night to increase the navy might. let's work like hell for liberty. for peter them to eternity. god. a musical poem for them to read. and it also says on the back, the end may be near.

always, vigilance. this giant poster above. think of mac arthur and his fighting men. always have in mind those boys overseas. the grunts hiding out across the islands. important. and i love this image here, you have the thermometer. percentage of employees who have purchased war bonds. it is at 100%. this is an example where you do not want to be the 1% that does not buy war bonds. literally everyone is doing it. why are you not doing it? you do not want to be that person. right? and it says on the calendar, let's blitz some more shields and spreading yellow devils all over the field.

i talked earlier about negative examples. dehumanizing your opponent is use all the time. stereotypes is used all the time. you cannot go through your shop without seeing it, in this case. produce. now, or never. if you do not get your quota, we might lose the war. you better get done what you are supposed to get done. our country's fate is in the balance. so here is another example. part of that earlier war production drive pamphlet that when out to businesses. suggestions on how to motivate. this part right here is the importance of parts add to the whole. this is one part of a tank, but you cannot have the whole tank if we do not make your part.

we cannot have a tank fighting against the nazis if we do not have your part. you better make your part. and i love these here. on the left, an image of hitler. a puzzle. 100 pieces. as you meet each goal, you remove one piece. once you remove all pieces you release first hitler's raging speech. hitler hanging from a news. the images, if you meet your goal, you are helping to hang hitler. the image on the right is a target. 10 layers into the bull's-eye. in the bull's-eye is hitler's face. you move your bombs all the way and and when you meet your goal you drop the bomb right on hitler. one of those iconic images of the war. rosie riveter. if you google propaganda, you

always come up with images. the first image that will come up as an image of uncle sam sankey what you to join the army. the third one is rosie the riveter. it was a call to fill the war industry with women. come out and join the effort by joining the goods of war by doing what you can, even if you're not overseas. there are images at our national archives. these are photos of women in the workplace. with an inch or gold part of that, an integral role played by women ordnance workers. women's ordnance workers, known as wows. there was a sign, women ordnance workers. wow.

their work was dangerous, very dangerous. there were munitions explosions and such. it was a critical role into transformed american society at the same time. tapping into that, a lot of fear. this was an image spread around. a menacing gear with a photo of hitler in the background. what it says in the translation to germany is, when you reach minneapolis, consider these areas also as objectives. what other circles on the map? see those circles in the air chart of minneapolis shown on this pictures? this showed minneapolis schools, churches, and homes. all which would have been considered perfectly legitimate military objective by nazi strategy. if you don't do your part, they

are going to come here and bomb your churches, your homes. generally, with the air filled would a war production plant be chosen before church or home? perhaps. but you want people to be afraid, right? we are going to bomb your home. get to work. another image, the one question is, so you think minnesota cannot be bombed? then they show it is an easy skip from iceland to canada and bam, they are bombing minneapolis. not too far away. the chaps bomb minneapolis -- the japs bomb minneapolis. a are not that far away. trying to bring home you are not safe. you should be very afraid. you have got to produce to protect this from ever happening.

militarily feasible? probably not. that happen. but, it did its part he comes the messages are, our homes are in danger now. you have the menacing figure glaring down on the united states. your homes are in danger. they have their eyes on american cities. more on the danger. not trying? don't think it could happen? consider the french. we french workers warn you defeat means of slavery, starvation and death. trying to connect with the regular american population here. then think it can happen to you? that the french, it happened there. it can happen here. " there was an emphasis on nazi brutality. radio berlin has officially announced all men in czechoslovakia have been shot

the women deported to concentration camps, the women deported to appropriate centers and the name of the village was abolished. this was by a man who was fascinated with undercover british operatives in czechoslovakia. the nazi response was to wipe that town from the face of the earth. there are posters like the showing up in the united states and, is what we are up against. these are brittle people who -- brutal people. and this example shows up over and over again to drive home what they are fighting for. conservation was the largest theme of propaganda posters. it touched on all aspects of life. citizens were called to conserve

food, gas, metal, rubber, and much more. the message was consistent, if you are wasting, you are helping the enemy. have you really tried? i love this one. agi peering back at you. have you really tried to save gas by getting into a car club? how is that for a guilt trip? this guy is over there fighting and you are not heading into a car club? playing up on the guilt a little bit. nowhere near as bad as the next one. when you ride alone, you ride with hitler. holy cow! i am writing with hitler? i am never going to ride alone again. guilt. you do not one to be that guy that is writing with hitler

because you are writing alone. waste helps the enemy. conserve material. they even have images of paper clips, pencils, pens, all those little things. if you are wasting them, those are things that could be helping the boys overseas. conserve everything, or you might as well some port hitler. extended war traffic. war traffic must come first. don't waste transportation. transportation infrastructure there is only so many trains that can travel the roads. the war effort should be ahead of your individual needs. your leisure. your travel. the bus. are you wasting rail space that could be transporting soldiers

across the country? conserve transportation. all of this conserving. here is the call. you talk of sacrifice. he knew the meaning of sacrifice ! you are not doing anything compared to those overseas. life and death of the -- for you is a matter of near comfort. so if all of these images do not get to your consciousness, you know what? i need to conserve. it's not that bad. i'm not being shot at. and got the message out to the american public to conserve. to do it they needed to do. war bonds. the prosecution of the war effort was expansion. calls to join the armed forces produce more war materials and

manage the movement of goods all cost an enormous amount of money. the federal government turned to war bonds to raise the needed fonts to keep the american war machine moving. propaganda flooded the country urging all who loved freedom to support the war through buying war bonds. federal government neither the money to pay for the soldiers, to pay for the goods, to pay for the shipping, to pay for the resources that were needed. to raise that money, they needed people to go ahead and buy war bonds to be paid later. there would be many different campaigns to get americans to buy war bonds. one of the more famous ones featured images from the war from norman rockwell. it was called the four freedom stores. he had these posters images he

posted that traveled the country. freedom from fear, once again touching on an image of parents talking their children into bed. this is what you are protecting. you buy war bonds so your children can sleep safe at night. freedom from fear. fear is a powerful tool. fear used throughout this presentation. you do not have to be afraid. we don't want you to be afraid. support war bonds so we can be free from fear. freedom from want. talking about conserving. ours to fight for. the traditional thanksgiving meal. the family getting together, giving thanks for what ahab. setting a time when they are conserving -- giving thanks for

what they have. this is an opportunity to enjoy the abundance. if you do not i wore bonds you -- if you do not buy war bonds you risk. something that really brings home during the war. freedom of speech. save freedom of speech. by war bonds. that foundational american freedom, the freedom of speech. right? it goes right to the we are as a people. you do not want to lose your freedom of speech. look at what they have overseas, where in nazi germany there is no freedom of speech. you have to watch what you say. you could be put into a

concentration camp and killed for what you say. finally, freedom of worship. faith freedom of worship each to the date dates of their own conscience. buy war bonds so that you will not lose your ability to worship as you wish, as you believe. these four freedom is really ring home for the common man stop an emotional connection. rings that resonate with you. -- things that resonate with you. throw some money on it. whatever you have. $10, $20, $25. it is very effective. many different campaigns. of course, there were other ways of telling people to buy war bonds. protecting your children, do not let that shadow touch them.

by war bonds. if you do not i war bonds, the shadow of nazi germany could cover up your children's future. the future of the country depends upon you buying war bonds and supporting the war effort. during world war ii, propaganda was everywhere. posters, movies, radios, broadcast, newspapers, 90 scenes it was employed with many different messages and forms. good, bad, disturbing, inspiring. it all contributed to its ultimate purpose and goal. victory. production for victory. and, propaganda played an important role during world war ii in mobilizing the country. there were many people that regretted the way some of it went.

theodore guys all, or sues, regretted his -- theodore geisel dr. suess regretted his part. all right, that is the end of my presentation here today. i want to point out you can find us the national archives, and kansas city.gov. we have a facebook site that provides information as well. and a twitter account. of course, you are welcome to visit us. our research room is open tuesday-saturday and it :00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. are there any questions? all right. i guess not.

you have one? ok. >> [indiscernible] >> the question was, were there other famous people who took heart in the creation of propaganda? >> dr. seuss, thomas hart and 10, people like john ford created a important pieces of cinema propaganda. it was an all-out effort. you had celebrities all over the place going overseas to support the troops. that was filmed and put up in all of the pit your houses. it involved everyone. it really did involve everyone. thank you. it was a really good question.

any other questions? thank you for coming out today. thank you for having me. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] >> this weekend the c-span city store travels across the country. this weekend we're are in lexington, kentucky. >> in the mid-1940's, if you had asked who is a bright and shining star in american politics? on a national scale someone who will be senator or president, a lot of people would have said ed prichard of kentucky. he was one of those people who