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with the sudden death of president harding vice president calvin coolidge takes office. grace coolidge was an enormously popular first lady and influenced the taste of american women by becoming a style icon although she married a man known as silent cal she never spoke to the process but used her office to bring attention to issues she cared about. grace coolidge, this sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-sp c-span's original series "first ladies, influence and image, examining the public and private

lives of the women who filled the position of first lady and their influence on the presidency." american history tv on c-span 3. in 1945, 70 years ago, allied forces liberated the nazi concentration camps from the united states holocaust memorial museum's oral history collections survivors remember their time in the camps and how they persevered. some of their stories tonight an american history tv. at 8:00 p.m. an interview with leslie swift, chair of film, oral history and recorded sound. at 8:10 kirk cline talks about escaping germany in the 1930s and returning in 1945 and helping to liberate holocaust survivors. just past 9:00, spending most of the war in a jewish ghetto and in a transit camp before being sent on a death march in 1945.

at 11:00 paim mayor adler remembers being deported to auschwitz in 1944 with fis family and being the only one to survive the war. coming up tonight on american history tv on c-span 3. this labor day weekend three days of politics, books and american history. on a full day of special programs on c-span here are a few features for labor day monday, beginning at 10:00 a.m. eastern a town hall event in seattle discusses the pros and cons of big data and licivil liberti liberties. a debate on how to reduce poverty. and at 8:00 mark cuban and former presidents bill clinton and george w. bush on leadership skills. saturday at 10:00 on book tv we're live all day in the

nation's capitol for the 15th annual national book festival with author programs. your opportunity to talk with pulitzer prize winning historians. sunday at noon. a live three-hour conversation on in-depth with former second lady and american enterprise institute senior fellow lynn cheney who will take your phone calls, emails and tweets. later at 9:00, catherine eden talks about how families from chicago to appalachia and the mississippi delta are surviving on no income. then authors share their thoughts on social and political issues. on american history tv on c-span 3 saturday evening at 8:00 on lectures in history, boise state university professor lisa brady explains how defoliation

chemical agents used during the korean and vietnam wars created long-term damage to both people and the environment. sunday afternoon at 4:00 on real america, crowded out, the 1958 national education association film addressing overcrowded schools, following the post world war ii baby boom. on labor day monday our interview with philanthropist david reubensteubrubeinstein. this sunday night stanford law school professor debra roadie talks about her book the trouble with lawyers, taking a critical look at the legal programs in the united states. the high cost of law schools and a lack of diversity in the programs. >> i think we need a different model of legal education that includes one-year programs for people doing routine work, two-year programs as an option for people who want to do

something specialized in the third year, and three full years for people who want the full general practice legal education that we now have. but it's crazy to train in the same way somebody who is doing routine divorces in a small town in the midwest and somebody who is doing mergers and acquisitions on wall street. we have a one-size-fits-all model of legal education. the average debt load is $100,000 for law students. it assumes that you can train everybody to do everything in the same way. i'm licensed to practice in two states, and i wouldn't trust myself to do a routine divorce. >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern and pacific on c-span's q & a. next radio talk show hosts and executives talk about the future of radio.

industry trends, digital technology and the changing landscape of political talk shows. talkers magazine hosted the event. part of the magazine's 25th anniversary conference. this is a great panel and this is the big picture. we've already talked about the big picture. this is going to go in all different wild ways. we'll do it like a tv show. real fast. no long answers. short sound bites. a man who knows how to do sound bites. alan colmes. we're going to start with you. first let me say, alan colmes, host, fox news radio, fox news channel. holland cooke, one of the smartest men i have ever met. talk about the introduction -- >> you should get out more. >> thank you. he is a consultant. karen hunter. i once did a radio show as her co-host on wwrl in new york, and she taught me how to rap on the air. it was fun. chris oliviero. talk about smart. there is a fellow who worked his way up from i believe being an

intern to being one of the most influential and important executives in all of radio. the evp of programming at cbs radio. and joe sciacca who is new to a lot of you. please say hello to joe. and tom shattuck who is with him from "the boston herald." they are doing something i've been talking about for years, and i have the honor of having them actually ask me for my advice and they take it. they put a radio station on a newspaper platform. the newspaper is the other stick. if the stick owners can't give you a place to do radio, what better place to do news talk or sports radio than a big metropolitan newspaper website. and platform. they're doing it. it's remarkable. joe has to be here. craig schwalb. pd, wabc radio new york, the local program director is sort of like the forgotten person in our industry.

so we're going to find one. let's find a big one. the program director of wabc. there have been times in my career, craig, when i have sat with the program director of wacb. i remember rick sclarr. you shook in your boots being in the presence of the program wabc. a long heritage there. i want to find out what's going on in that job. and julie talbott, who is the best marketing in this business. i met her when she was about 19 years old -- >> 21 now. >> and she is the president of premiere networks. i think we've covered everybody on the panel. alan colmes. sound bite. what is the state of this left-right political stuff that is -- we keep coming back to it, it seems to be the mainstay of news talk. debate. partisan politics. we always talk about how it's dead. you're right in the heart of it. what's the state of it? >> bad.

you wanted a short answer. no. i would say that it's a great question because it's so much of what radio has been for such a long time. i thought it was very interesting what mr. dickey said in that there is so much more that you talk about if you're at a cocktail party, if you're just talking to your friends, at the water fountain, that radio can and should be. and i'm very happy to see that there is so much more that radio is becoming. and as the paradigm changes, we are doing a lot better with much more information coming in. we have much more opportunity to talk about so many different things on so many different platforms. i don't think the left-right thing is going to -- is the future of talk -- even though i'm on the left. i do so much more than that. and any radio show that just does politics or just talks about left/right i think is missing a great opportunity to get a much broader audience. >> or perhaps politics is so much more than left versus

right. tom hartman and i had a wonderful conversation two weeks ago on my podcast. i followed it up with mark lavin. the two of you have far more in common than you have not in common, yet people would categorize you as one is left and one is right. politics could be a wonderful topic. like sports. used to be xs and os. you don't hear xs and os anymore. left/right to me is xs and os. it's important but not the whole potential. which takes us to julie talbott. you're right in the heart of all this. some of your major product is steeped in the controversy of toxic radio, left versus right, boycotts. what's your take. >> listen to the shows. we've been diversifying in the content. politics is an important issue, but so are the other current events that are happening. so i really believe that we have taken a much broader approach, and we're certainly doing a lot of testing with a lot of other programming.

>> thank you, julie. holland, i have met some of the most fantastic people in this business who are friends and clients of yours, local radio owners. they do exist. meet so-and-so. i meet the person. i own the station in so-and-so place and i'm out selling the spots to the car dealers. you have your -- they're such characters. the salt of the earth. they're bright. i love them because i was an owner of a local radio station, and i just love the smell of the turntables, you know, and the ink in the newsroom. sound of the teletype. >> the sound of the teletype. >> any more dated references? >> radio stations used to have a smell about them. steve jones, you're smiling. you remember what radio stations smelled like, don't you? >> yes. >> bring back that -- they should artificially have the smell. >> like artificial new car smell. >> you listened! so tell us, holland, what's the state of local radio ownership?

>> there is a curiosity about, a hunger for, and a frustration about executing more local programming. for all the reasons everybody who has spoken this morning has said and what we'll hear undoubtedly this afternoon. i am asked a lot about can we do local programming, and i want to answer the who, what and where of that and to give you a specific answer i'm going to make a couple of people blush here. harry hurley in atlantic city, the morning mayor. if you can find somebody who knows a market, who lives and breathes and breaks news and is wired in and has the ultimate rolodex. that's gold. where do you find him since consolidation and syndication have clobbered the farm team. it's very frustrating now to do a casting call. used to be a buyers market. now it's a sellers market.

if you can't find or become the harry hurley morning mayor, mr. name of market character, the station i worked with in boston, wrko, has a couple shows on the air whose business model ought to be instructive to you. howie carr is here. barry armstrong is not. both of the stations are heard on wrko and about a dozen more stations be around new england. i thought that the unplowed ground in syndication is bigger than local, smaller than national. are you potentially a statewide footprint? new england is about the size maybe of california. can your show go wide enough where everybody has the same accent and embraces the same interests. i think that that's the opportunity. i worked with some of the state networks. the problem with state networks is they're giving stations stuff they don't really want and asking more of the stations than the stations are willing to

give. they ought to start doing shows about the state. the other thing that the station owners are concerned about, regardless of market size, is digital. we've been hearing this all morning. >> what's that? >> tremendous pressure from the home office for digital revenue. what the heck is it? i'm going to speak about this in the iowa broadcasters meeting week after next. what the heck is digital. if you try to call any of your friends this weekend, you'll get voice mail because today they just dumped "orange is the new black" season 3. this is how people choose to consume. if we do programming that is into the microphone, into the tower, into the ether and gone one off, we're leaving money on the table. we've got to get better about using the thing in the pocket we used to call a phone as the dvr of radio. >> thank you, holland. chris oliviero, how are things at cbs?

>> i've been here all morning, but last time i had left it was good. do you know something i don't know? >> no, no, no. cbs. i mean, you know -- >> right tony? i don't know. >> it's -- >> things are good. i mean, you know, we do invest a lot in live and local programming. you heard mike speak about that today. if you put his station on today fan. it's 24 hours seven days a week live and local. wins is still that way. 880 is still that way. that model is not gone. is it more expensive? yes. is it difficult to find the talent to staff it 24 hours a day? yes. but is the payoff bigger? yes. you spend money to make money. >> there is that awareness. >> yeah. >> another question for you since you're sitting in a situation where you're at a company that's multi-platform, has a huge investment in the stick but also has an investment in digital. personally, is the stick still a good investment?

is it still worth having? is there going to be am and fm radio in ten years? >> it's also a question of what you pay for the stick. when you talk about the stick, the stick is a business equation. what did you pay for that and what return can you get on that? so if you're going to talk to heritage broadcasters who bought the stick decades ago, 40 years ago, it's a very complicated conversation to say is it still worth it or not. will it still be around? yes. if you go to detroit and speak to the automotive industry, the makers of cars, they have no plans to get rid of the am/fm radio experience in the car. will they add to it? of course. we all know about the dashboard. but that's not at the expense of taking away am and fm. so the people who make the cars are telling us it's not going anywhere. i don't know why we wouldn't believe them. >> karen hunter, you are on satellite radio now. you've been an terrestrial radio.

karen is also a publisher and she is a pulitzer prize-winning writer. an absolutely brilliant woman. >> thank you. >> you've been at sirius now -- why are you smiling at me?. >> i agree. [ laughter ] >> when you've done a show with somebody and she taught you how to rap, you can be familiar. >> we did more than that michael, but, it's a family audience. no. i'm joking. >> karen, what's your view of satellite radio? we haven't had much conversation about it today yet, and you're in the thick of it. >> i absolutely love it. while i agree am and fm aren't going anywhere, what satellite has done is provide a platform for people to broaden -- when we talk about diversity, to really bring different people into the mix because most of us have satellite radio automatically in our cars when we get them whether we're renting, leasing or buying. from my standpoint, before i was just here in new york doing a morning show and now i'm reaching people calling from the bahamas and canada.

i don't know if that's legal. they're calling in everywhere. i don't know how they get the signal. but i'm talking to people literally across the country. it is breath-taking every day to come in and to know that your voice is reaching that far. >> you are on a channel that is basically designated as urban african-american. i would imagine, not being african-american, i am not in those shoes but as an observer i wonder about this. is it difficult to find the boundaries in terms of general conversation of where being an african-american begins and ends and when it becomes generalism? >> i somehow knew i was going to get the black question. >> i wonder why. >> let me help you with it. >> please, please, please. i think you could probably answer it better. i'm actually on two channels. thank you, dave. i'm on sirius xm urban view and insight, a new channel that was the brain child of pete dominic. it's interesting because i'm doing a live show on mondays. they repeat the urban show on

insight, and i'm starting to do a live show on insight. it's a completely different audience, but i don't change anything. you know, look, i published kris jenner's book. i have had quite a bit of time with these reality people. i realize that the world has changed dramatically. every day i wake up and say at some point these 15 minutes are going to be up and they just don't seem to be. i've come to the conclusion that people are fascinated by people. so if i can be interesting every single day by just being myself, then it doesn't matter what my race is and, quite frankly. being on urban view is funny. yesterday we had tom hartman on and we were talking about the tpp. a caller said, make sure this goes out to the urban community. and my call screener is like, you do know that this is urban view, right? the urban community needs to know this. it's like, oh, okay. it's just interesting to me that i don't necessarily draw those boundaries and lines. that's why i think we have a very diverse audience of a lot of people. i do hang up on a lot of people, too.

could be broader if i didn't hang up on so many. >> then i'm going to ask -- julie, i'm going to ask you the woman question. since you are the reigning woman of the year. people ask me all the time, how come there aren't more woman on the heavy hundred. i say don't blame the messenger. now when i'm asked the question as the go-to guy in the press, how come there aren't more women in talk radio, my answer is because there aren't any. because there aren't more. it is what it is or it is what it isn't. there is no answer. what's your answer? >> i've had a lot of conversations even today with women in the industry. and i think the most important thing is people ask the question, how do i become that big success? and i think the response that i gave today and i'm kind of looking around for some of those folks that we were talking with -- we said who has defined success? if you've got a great show and you are making money and there are options for distribution,

whether it is -- there are lots of them. lots of digital outlets, including on iheart media. there is a different definition of success. be in charge of your own life. if there are limited times on an on-air right now, look at it a different way. we can do this. >> thank you. joe. you're in the newspaper business. you're as realistic a reporter, editor, i mean, lou grant. you are -- you have ink in your blood like i have the smell of turntables. >> a dinosaur. that's what they're saying. >> you are no dinosaur at all. you are a visionary. you are part of the future. you work at a daily newspaper that has innovation in its ink. and you're in the radio business now. two years you're in the radio business on this boston herald radio. share with this radio business audience what you've learned. >> well, it's amazing. i guess, to summarize it, the radio has been a shot of

adrenaline to our news organization, which has been traditionally a newspaper. we have obviously a website, we do video. but it has enhanced our journalism. it has expanded our reach. and we're seeing sort of the very best of radio, the basics that you know about, the immediate -- immediacy of radio when breaking news happens realtime. that's so valuable to us in terms of reporting things now. you know, news makers, public figures, the governor, the mayor, athletes, celebrities. they might be reluctant to call a print reporter and do an interview and then have that person put it through a filter and decide which quotes they're going to use. now they can come on herald radio and be heard in full context. the key thing is -- i'll be very brief -- it is not a radio station in isolation. it is integrated fully with everything else we do in our newsroom. so we break news on the radio and break it simultaneously on the web.

video is embedded and there is sound that's embedded on the web that's emailed out -- sent out on social media and in print the next day we follow up oftentimes with a story, advancing a story that we had broken on the radio. actually today on the front page we have a rand paul interview saying, don't go after my wife the way that you went after marco rubio's wife. that story broke on herald radio. the only downside we've seen is it's hard to find photos to use in the paper where people are not using headphones. we do a lot of shooting in the studio. but as a news coverage, news breaking vehicle, and as a way to expand our audience, it's been incredible. >> are the powers that be there happy you did it? >> oh, absolutely. i think we're getting great recognition nationally. we just named as a finalist for innovator of the year for this integrated programming. i remember when you first came into our studio. we walked you through there. michael has been an incredible

help and supporter from the beginning. we're newspaper people. we need radio advice. radio is very, very difficult medium to learn. you need experience doing it. and it's a -- it's a difficult thing to navigate. michael has been helpful there. came into the studio. and our studio, of course, not multi-million fox news channel or sirius studios with the bells and whistles. it's a renovated conference room. four mikes set up. basic board. and michael was looking around saying, you want to put soundproofing here or there, but it -- it has technically been very basic. we have a box we take out on the road to do remotes. we have a bureau in city hall. we broadcast live from city hall. very low investment. we're seeing traction on advertising, cross-sell, as well as some radio-specific buys. >> i strongly advise anybody who

is not familiar with herald radio to check it out, because what they're doing is definitely a clear-cut example of the future and the potential of audio media mixed in a multi-platform setting. i applaud you for that. alan colmes, you are a friend of mine for years, so i know you personally. >> what? >> don't try to be funny! well, alan is really a very funny guy. so whenever people say to me, i get so angry at him. he is such a nasty [ expletive ] i -- i get very upset. >> did you just call me a. [ expletive ] ? >> no, i didn't. they did. now we said it twice and they're going to have to cut it out because this runs on the children's channel. it's our 18th degree, as my friends also would point out. >> i feel like i'm doing a two-man show again. i thought that part of my life was over. >> you're about to get a really tough question. who the heck are you really? >> that's deep. >> know what i mean? the fact is you're doing some

really good experimental work in formats that are way beyond what anybody who knows you would know. i would like to just have you talk about it. >> that's very interesting. it's a great question. it's very interesting. i wish i had thought about it before i came here so i knew who i was. but -- >> we'll find out now. >> who we are i think speaks so much to what kind of show do we do and who we are on the air. certainly people who knew my work would say he is a liberal or he's anti-american. he hates the country. but -- but who are we is a great question to ask yourself and think about in terms of what part of yourself do you want to bring to a show that you're doing? people who know me from "hannity and colmes" or know me because they've seen me on the fox news channel often will see me with bill o'reilly, then arguing with monica crowley, my sister-in-law in a six-minute segment where you become a cartoon as mike francesca was saying earlier, you have a few minutes where brian kilmeade was saying on television you have three or four minutes to get little sound bites out.

on radio you can have actual conversations. on our show, the show that i do for fox news radio, is very caller interactive so that it becomes more than just left versus right. it's who am i. who is my audience. we have regular callers. when they first moved me to 6:00 to 9:00 p.m. i didn't have a big audience at first because they changed my time slot. and which is to a much better time slot, quite frankly. so i would get maybe two callers an hour and those callers became people on the show and characters on the show, and we made the people who call the show into -- you know, one theory would be, well, are the same people calling in every day? you don't want the same voices. it gets kind of boring. these people, we talked about their lives. we talked about what their personal issues and health issues were. the callers to the show, this is less about about who i am -- >> you're not answering the question but it's nice. >> i guess this is leading me to -- maybe i didn't anticipate

it going in this direction. but who you are, i guess, is a lot about what you bring to the table. so it's not just about who i am, it's who the callers are. to get more directly to your question, i do a show on talkers.com called heal planet about one of my other interests which has nothing to do with left/right politics. it's about human consciousness. it's about cosmology. that's not makeup, by the way. that's actually how the planet got started. so we talk to people in self-improvement. we talk about people in the human potential movement. we talk about meditation. it's not left/right. it's not politics at all. and this, to me -- this is really one of my passions because when i'm not doing radio i'm not reading political books. i'm reading wayne dyer or deepak chopra or tony robbins. that's the stuff that really interests me. so that's what i really have -- i have a venue now to bring that to the radio, and sometimes combine it with what i'm doing on fox news news radio where deepak chopra will be a regular guest.