part of it is patience does not always lead to where you want to go. suggest, you do not want to erase history, but when i think they have done in south carolina is pretty interesting. the flag has come down off of the state grounds and is now going to the museum. it is now a story, a history about the flag and the museum. it does not necessarily have to be in a public space when you know that flag has certain connotations which you know are negative to a large part of the population. it is like in its left in the -- you are getting slapped in the face and saying, that is ok. i will smile. i think you need to push back. i think you cannot accept that kind of disrespect. that's what it is. disrespect. >> i agree completely. how about the other narrative? i get that it is disrespectful to the african-american community that the flag will be

displayed in any public space, however, how about in the other party? the other community? prof. crew: what they have to beware of, even though it is about heritage, the symbol has been hijacked and people who believe in violence, supremacy, the ku klux klan. you also have to take into account what has happened to your symbol. you cannot just say, i believe this and it is ok. there is a larger context. we cannot ignore that. you cannot say, it does not count, and recounts what i -- it only counts when i think. i do not think that is rational and i do not think it is how this society functions. prof. rubenstein: you can have the last word. >> i want to thank you for the

conversation. it has gone a lot differently from typical conversations i have had about this, on facebook or being from montana random , conversations i have. it is always interesting for me to see paper with different perspectives. the most common thing i see is with people who are supporters, they do not know anything about history. which is why i was interested in learning more today. it is important to have a conversation because it makes it harder to have a conversation when there is no basis. i do not think we always need an event. we can always have them without our family members and friends, can be doing this on our own as well. thank you very much. >> thank you very much. and thank you, spencer. we appreciate it. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

i stay in the wings and don't come out too often, so this is quite unusual for me but i do want to thank all of you for your friendship and your loyal support, and of course planning this wonderful evening for me. i shall remember it always. and thank you for the great welcome. >> pat nixon was the first republican first lady to address the national convention. she traveled more widely than any first lady before her, made volunteerism her issue, was chief supporter to her husband, and behind-the-scenes his political advisor. this sunday night at

8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's .riginal series, first ladies examining the public and private lives of the women who held the position of first lady and their influence on the presidency. the martha washington to michelle obama, sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span3. >> each week, american history tv's "american artifacts" visits historic places. during the civil war, confederate president jefferson davis and his family lived in this mansion in richmond, virginia. now referred to as the white house of the confederacy. the residence was saved from demolition and has been restored to its wartime appearance. >> these flags are replicas of the first and second national flags of the confederacy. this is the first national flag, also called the stars and bars. it was adopted in march of 18 -- of 1861 as the national flag

of the confederacy. that was before the war started. when the war did start, they used this on the battlefield. but that proved to be confusing on a battlefield with smoke, fire, and other confusion. it looked like the u.s. flag. after the first big battle of the war, they stop using this on the battlefield. however, they kept it as the national flag for almost two more years, and in the wake of the failure of this one on the battlefield, they came up with of the designs specifically for battlefield use. by may 1863, they completely did away with this one, and they came up with this one to replace it. this is the second national flag of the confederacy, created by taking one of the battle flags. this square by itself was the battle flag of the army of northern virginia. they put this on a field of white and this became the new national flag of the confederacy, sometimes called

the stainless banner. also no good for a battlefield, too much white on it. it could look like a truce flag, so they kept it off the battlefield, but kept it as the national flag until march 1865, very late in the war, when they created a third national flag by essentially taking this flag and then putting a red bar down one side of that flag to take away a lot of that white, so that flag was the third national flag of the confederacy. this is the second national. this is the first national. >> how is it that the flag that everyone thinks of as the confederate flag is that one? >> that has more to do with what happened since the war. this design, and really more often today we see it in a rectangular design, it just caught on as the emblem of the confederacy. we can get into speculation as to why, but one of them is that this is robert e. lee's army flag.

his was the most successful. it is a striking design. it achieved the stated goal of being different from this flag and the u.s. flag. i mentioned that we usually today see a rectangular design. that actually is the battle flag of the army of tennessee or the confederate naval jack. technically speaking during the war, the square pattern was the battle flag of the army of northern virginia. another thing to comment about that is that sometimes that is called the stars and bars. that is not correct, at least in terms of the terminology the confederates used. the confederates called this the stars and bars. you are watching american

history tv, all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. to join the conversation, like us on facebook at c-span history. all persons having business before the honorable supreme court of the united states required to draw near and give their attention. >> we have not seen a court overturned a law that was passed by congress on an economic issue like health care at least since locker -- lochner. >> the case in lochner is whether a majority rule can take away your life or liberty without your consent. i think it is a wonderful decision. >> this week on c-span's landmark cases we look at lochner v new york. in 1895 at the new york legislature passed the big shop act, restricting the hours of to 10 hours a

day. a bakery owner violated that law and was fined $50. refusing to pay, he took his case all the way to the supreme court. i know why lochner is known as one of the most controversial decisions in supreme court history as we explored this case with our guests, randy barnett, professor at georgetown university law and, paul kent, political five professor at texas state university. "landmark cases" live monday at nine about user on c-span, c-span3, and c-span radio. >> "american history tv those quote is featuring c-span's original series, "first ladies: influence and image." series anduced this cooperation with the wte