for information on our schedule, and to keep up with the latest history news. on the presidency, journalist paul brandus discusses his book under this roof, the white house and the presidency. 21 presidents, 21 rooms, 21 inside stories. it explains how presidents from george washington to barack obama have left their impression . we hear about thomas jefferson's bathrooms, and jfk's situation rooms. the national library for the study of washington's mount vernon posted this. >> good evening. is doug bradburn, and the director of the washington library here in mount vernon. it is my great delight to welcome you to one of our evening for talks. i would also like to welcome the

c-span audience that is here as well, and everyone watching live online, all 10 of you i'm sure. [laughter] doug: this is a way to bring authors to be mount vernon community, free every month. we try and bring relevant books and important history topics as well. we have a great one for you this evening. had a longn has relationship with the ford family and ford motor company, going back to henry ford's original donation of the fire engine which helps keep the mansion safe. mount vernon is continually interested in making sure that the mansion is safe from destructive fire, and that is important to us going forward. i would, of course, mention the relationship to forward is crucial. the association that operated the estate has never taken on a government money. we only accept money from private, patriotic people and

foundations. that allows us to maintain the house for the public. but it is a continual challenge going forward. an extremelyave exciting speaker, paul brandus, who is going to talk about his wonderful book tonight about the histories of the white house and different stories. he is an award-winning, independent member of the white house press corps, he founded west wing reports in 2009. he distributes content for clients around the united states and abroad. he is also a washington correspondent for marketwatch. he moderates panels for the magazine and around the u.s. on the economic crisis. he is a frequent speaker, and he is known recently as an innovator in social media. his twitter account has the biggest following amongst all

accredited members of the white house press corps. he won the shorty award for best journalist on twitter, sponsored by the knight foundation. followers on his twitter account. when he started west wing reports, it was all the rage, when followed by everyone of note. it's ranked as one of the most influential twitter accounts. i was talking to paul earlier, i set i'm right on your heels, i have 400 followers on my twitter account. [laughter] doug: so watch out. account became all the rage, no one knew who this was. it was like who is kaiser so say, who is running this massive thing? it's paul brandus, and we are delighted to have him here with a career that spans across network television, wall street, and several years as a foreign correspondent in moscow.

he covered the collapse of the soviet union for nbc radio and the award-winning business and economic program market place. the travel over 53 countries on five continents, that's more than george washington did . boards. many one factoid to give you is part of the investment capital group that purchased the russian bowl, to air the super becoming the first person to show the championship game in russia. -- paul: i did that by myself. doug: all by himself. i did this at the rubenstein. about his to talk book, he is jumping the gun because i have one more thing to say. [laughter] here in mount vernon, we

know the importance of telling stories about houses and the things that go on in them. the white house is, arguably, more well-known than mount vernon. and many great things have happened there. nobody brings them to life better than paul brandus. everyone give him a big mount vernon welcome. paul: thank you. ok. all right. ok, that's the well, thank you. one. what an honor to speak at mount vernon. i am thankful. thank you, doug bradburn, for that introduction. also, want to thank you to mark st. angelo.

did he bail? i was in the back room. mark is the chief librarian here, and also with stephen macleod, a directory of library programs. my thanks and appreciation to all of you. there are lots of books about presidents and the events they went through over 240 years. i wanted to add a third layer to that, and that is the white house itself, and how it is changed over the years. my theme is that changes to that building reflects the history of america itself. i will break this down into two areas. i'll give an overview of how the white house expanded. how new technology came in. a coupleare with you of stories which i hope will be new to you. out by pointing out

that we americans like to think , of our country as a young country and, in the overall scheme of things, 240 years or so is not that old. when you think about it, the white house is one of the oldest continuous residences for heads of state in the world. i do not know what happened with the numbers. presidents have lived in the white house longer than kings and queens in buckingham or longer than emperors have lived in tokyo's imperial palace. that of my oldn stomping grounds, moscow. the kremlin, which became the russian capital for the second leninnly in 1918 when moved them back from st. petersburg. the white house, for young country, has quite an old history.

of course, there is one gentleman who never lived there, george washington. but he picked the winning design tragically,ion, and mr. washington would die about a year before john adams first moved in. construction of the white house took eight years. this is what it looked like. this is a wonderful painting by peter waddell for the white house historical association and you can see the basic contours of the building taking shape. this was the south lawn and roosevelt island is off in the distance. what a wonderful painting that is. anyways, the construction took eight years and cost $72 million -- $232,000, about $72 million

today. by the way, the real estate ow today says that it would be $393 million, prime location, 18 acres. i hear the amenities are pretty good too. there's going to be a new tenant in about a year or so, i'm not sure who that going to be. there will be a four-year lease. if we like them, it will be extended for another four years or so. was adams moved in, it november 1, 1800. this is what it looked like. this is the south lawn. at the time, you notice no north dakota go -- north

portico. it would not be added for another quarter-century. these steps, at the time, it was 1800, these were the principal entrance to the white house. going back on the south lawn. this is the north entrance here. that is basically what john adams saw when he moved in and he was quite pleased. on his first full day of the white house, november 2, 1800 he wrote abigail her a letter amounting to a benediction for the building. it's where i got the title for the book. what adam said, was i pray to , heaven the best of blessings on the house and all that shall hereafter inhabit it. may none but honest and wise men ever rule under this roof. which became the title of the book. 30 presidents later, frank and

roosevelt was so moved by those words -- they disappeared for a while. fdr found the phrase when he came in the white house and the ordered it carved in the mantle above the fireplace. when you go in the state dining room, this is what it looks like, carved by roosevelt. adams did not last long, losing the election to thomas jefferson. when jefferson moved in, being the architect he was, he made some changes, adding pavilions, the east and west wings. jefferson also was fastidious at the time and the president of the united states could run out to the outhouse. jefferson was very fast it is

-- a very fast hideous man -- fastidious man adding the , reservoir the collected the rainwater and it was a big improvement with jefferson also changing the entrance to the side and this became the principal entrance to the white house and a window above the door carved by scottish stonemasons who would waste no opportunity for that. jefferson also made the extra change with a modern plan and he actually made this into his office.

jefferson's office, this goes back to the northside and this was the office that the state wanted as a dining room. this is the historical association. i will come over here and show you what jefferson did, surrounded by all the books. you may not know that thomas jefferson actually had a pet mockingbird up here in the upper right of the painting that he allowed to fly about and he would sometimes feed his bird out of his lips. he had it trained and it would sit on his hand.

just a wonderful painting. the painting also shows jefferson meeting with one of his closest assistants and meriwether lewis of lewis and clarke. lewis was recruited from the area of virginia and he was an officer in the army, offered a chance to come and work. going back to the floor plan, he let lewis live in the east room and he had partitioned off small rooms and a small working space. so, jefferson and lewis would go all day long and they plotted the crowning jewel of the jefferson administration. him him him hi

that was the louisiana purchase. let's jump ahead about a decade to dolly madison, who we were talking about earlier. she is a fascinating first lady. a wonderful first lady. everybody loves dolly madison. she is outgoing and everybody wanted the invitation when the madison's were in town. not so much because of james. everybody wanted to meet dolly. she knew how to throw a party with the food and the booze that was top shelf.

she served a popular new dish that was always call -- all the rage called ice cream. a lot of her entertaining took place in the blue room and she had a different color preference. it was red in her day. this is another painting. it went up in flames when the british came to town. common knowledge that dolly saved what was then and is still now the most famous piece of artwork in the white house, the gilbert stuart portrait of george washington. it hangs today in the east room. it is not the average painting, eight feet by five feet, half the size of the screen. it is gigantic. even though she knew the british coming, she refused to

leave until the painting was safe. she said she is not leaving. the president was out in front. a couple of assistance tried to -- assistants tried to take the painting down. the frame was bolted to the wall. and took a hatchet hacked away at the wall and took the painting down. and it was only then when she left. truly courageous. i think they named some snack cakes after her a little later on. i hope they get the royalties. there is a story of a president who was nearly killed in the white house on his own inauguration day, andrew jackson. one of the very few photos we have of jackson was taken in 1845, after he left the white house.

there was a wild inauguration party, he was sworn in. jackson was crushed up against a had to pushing through a window and evacuate him to safety. one of the wildest parties at the white house that we know of. these are the early stages of the white house with jefferson adding the bathroom and a change in times with running water coming in during jackson and gas lighting during james k. polk.

i will start with him. we do not think about him very often. he was consequential as a president. probably the most consequential one term president we ever had. more territory was added during his years than any other time. more than the louisiana purchase. and, he was a big believer in technology during the mexican-american war. he would keep in touch with his commanders in mexico, using high-tech electronics in a wartime setting. presidents are criticized for taking too much time off with bush and clinton and obama playing too much golf. i think they deserve a little bit of time off. this guy did not take any time off. he literally took a handful of

days off in his entire four years, worked his fingers to the bone, micromanaging everything to a granular degree and he dropped dead a couple of weeks after leaving office. i think all presidents, whether riding a horse, playing golf, watching movies, they deserve downtime. we will talk about the movies in a few minutes. james k. polk was president when the first known picture of the white house was taken. you see there is no balcony on the south. the balcony is known as the truman balcony after harry truman had a long and nasty fight. for most of the history, that is what the south look like.

let's jump ahead with this gentleman. i'm sorry that the screen is a little blurry. he needs no introduction. this is a famous photo of lincoln taken. i think this was taken on february 18. this photo has been colorized. look at this. abraham lincoln in the flesh, which is just remarkable. if you look at lincoln and you want to pause, he was such a powerful photo and he suffered from depression, the war was stressful. and you can see all of this in his face with a sadness in the eyes.

this is two months before his assassination. lincoln was impressed by the telegraph and he got a coast-to-coast telegram and he ordered the federal government to discontinue the usage of the pony express. at the time, it would take eight days to get something to the coast and with the telegraph, it just took a couple of minutes. lincoln did away with the pony express. it was this technology that helps him manage the civil war. if you have seen the steven spielberg movie, lincoln, it is

authentic and daniel day-lewis spends a lot of time in that room that was adjacent to the white house. the use of the technology was mirrored by presidents. another president we do not think about, rutherford b. hayes, was a very high-tech president and was friends with edison and alexander graham bell, inviting them. to come to the white house and display their wares, knowing that the attention this would garner would hope those products kind of speed of their entry into the marketplace. , andew what he was doing the white house got its first telephone. the number of the first white house telephone was 1.

that was the number. not a lot of people could call. there are 2-3 other phones and who was going to call? there was a phone at the treasury department and some private citizen had a phone. there might have been three phones in all of washington, at that time. the president answered the phone himself sometimes. pretty sure that does not happen. so, let me come back to the second floor and lincoln for a second. i want to tell you about a great misunderstanding about him concerning the "so-called" lincoln bedroom. you see the arrow there, that is

what today -- this is the current floor plan of the second floor and this is what is today called the lincoln bedroom. not so. that was his office and he called it the shop. this is what his office look like. it was the nerve center of the lincoln presidency with his cabinet here, his speeches here, he issued the emancipation proclamation -- everything happening in this room. he had maps on the wall to track the civil war and you can see that window on the left that looks out onto the mall. there is the unfinished washington monument. the government ran out of money. they stopped the construction and we can look the aunt that and at how the war was going to see the confederate flag and the campfires of troops.

the enemy was often close. remarkable wartime conditions. the enemy was really just a couple of minutes away. so, that is lincoln's office today and it turned into a bedroom by truman and this is what it looks like today with the rosewood had that was purchased by mary lincoln. lincoln never slept in that bed, by the way. the furniture is authentic. the question is if lincoln did not sleep in the bed or the bedroom, where did he sleep? this is the authentic for plan and he actually slept down here in the southwestern corner where the presidents now sleep.

mary lincoln had a separate bedroom and the crush of visitors during the civil war was great. the whole life was confined to just these couple of rooms and he insured his privacy and security with a secret passageway builds that led to a yellow room that they called a library and this was the second floor during his day. it is not just the lincoln bedroom. lots of room have changed identity and purpose over the years.

here is one more story about how those rooms changed. this is, again, the current second floor and i added the north side of the white house and the second window from the right. that is a private dining room of first family's and, if i come in early, i see the light on and that is a private dining room with a sometimes shadowy wind ow. and mrs. obama fixes herself a cup of coffee or something. here is president ford sipping his morning oj. i think this is 1975. look at the cool tv. remember those tvs? here is nancy reagan on the visit to the white house in

2009. the obamas invited her for lunch. this is the private dining room. but, people do not know about this room. it is, today, a private dining room and it actually has a morbid history. william henry harrison, the first president to die in office died in the room. willie lincoln died in that room in 1862 and lincoln had an assassination, autopsy, and involving -- emba a lot of creepy things occurred in that room and you wonder, when the president that eating breakfast or having coffee, i'm sure they are aware that that

room is kind of a morbid history and did not become of dining room until the kennedys moved in with jackie kennedy. not jacquelineis project clean -- but she jacqueleene. she wanted more privacy for her kids and she converted the room into a private kitchen in 1963 in the last year of the kennedy , presidency. as long as we're talking about the kennedys here, prior to this, this was the dining room and i on the second floor and mrs. kennedy did not like the fact that she was going downstairs to the state floor. it was cumbersome and intrusive. that is where the dining room on

the second floor came in. now, as long as we're talking about the kennedys, everybody knows about the restoration effort the kennedys made in 1961 and 1962. the mexicans try just as much but never got credit, just to point that out. nixons tried just as much but never got credit, just to point that out. it is the changes to the west wing that we need to talk about here. we know that, three months into teddy's term, he had the worst humiliation with the bay of pigs and, in the aftermath, the president decided he was not getting the information he wanted quickly enough and it was not the right information. he wanted his own set up and he got something called the situation room two weeks later. they moved that to the old executive office building and

this is what the first situation looked like in the early 1960's, suburban retro or something, but this is what john f. kennedy wanted and what he got. get theed him to information he wanted faster without going through channels at the state department and the department of defense. unfiltered and, fast information. that is what he got. the irony is 1.5 years after the bay of pigs situation, there was a big role in what was the greatest foreign-policy achievement, the cuban missile crisis, where he convinced soviets to remove the threat. the situation room played a huge role in his presidency for that reason. the situation room is badly named. it is not one room that several

rooms. ground.below there is the oval office. you can see if this several rooms. remember the famous obama bin laden picture? the night obama got bin laden, this is where that was taken. that is what kennedy did to the west wing. another kennedy story i find a little creepy, and it concerns ,ne of the most documented covered, -- covered discussed events of , the 20th century. it concerns the kennedy assassination. mrs. kennedy redid the mansion and she wanted to redo the oval office and there is caroline and mary kennedy. she hated the green carpet that

went back to truman. she said, i want to redo the office. he said, fine. she picked everything out and the workers told her they both needed to be away for about two days to do the job. it was 1963 and the only two days when they would be away happened to be the third weekend in november, when they went to texas, so literally, and i mean literally, as the president and mrs. kennedy made their way from fort worth to dallas to get into the motorcade, we know it happens next, the workmen removed that famous resolute desk, ripped up the carpet, and as the president went from fort worth to dallas, they put in the new carpet on the day of his murder and the color is a deep blood red. this was taken the afternoon of

assassination on november 22, 1963. at the time daniel patrick , moynihan, who went on to be a new york senator, he was a white house aide at the time and he looked in saw the carpet and , said, it was as if they knew a new president was coming. very morbid kind of story. mrs. kennedy saw the carpet the next day for a few minutes while her husband's casket was in the east room. she returned to the white house only once for the rest of her life, it was too painful for her. it is stories like that that i try to find because they're too many to talk about here. and, roosevelt, nixon, look at -- that picture in the upper

right, i took that myself. look at how young the girls look when they came back from hawaii. that is why the more confident pictures i have taken. i mentioned the movie theater, and this is one of the last stories i will tell. the movie theater is one of the great perks in the white house. here is president and mrs. reagan watching a movie. to throwama likes super bowl parties. i think this was after he moved in in 2009. it is one of the most coveted invitations to watch a movie with the president. here's what i find interesting about the theater. if you look at the records of what the president's botch over the tastes are obviously eclectic and everything and they reflect the taste of the president and the

times they live, but there is -- this is the quiz section of the evening -- there is one movie that really resonated with more presidents than any other. can you guess the movie? it will be obvious when i explained it. >> patton? everyone from eisenhower up to the president, can anybody guess? "gone with the wind" is a good guess that not it. >> manchurian candidate? [laughter] >> that would be -- that would be -- no one ever gets this. the one movie that resonates with so many presidents is "high noon." [laughter] the gary cooper western. great movie. a lot of people have seen it.

dwight eisenhower loved the movie, so did ronald reagan, george w. bush, bill clinton claims to have seen it 20 times -- "i love this movie!" [laughter] was that good? [laughter] "what's your name?" so, it is one of the few movies that has resonated with a lot of presidents. why "high noon?" of the movie is the bad guys are coming to town, the share is all alone, his friends abandoned him and it is up to him to defend the town by himself. presidents, that resonates with presidents. they sometimes feel the world's burden is theirs alone and this -- and no one will help them make life and death decisions on their own and that is why the

presidency is called the loneliest job in the world. with good reason, i think. there are a ton of other stories i can tell you here. i will stop and thank you so much for inviting me and i appreciate the opportunity to speak to you. thank you. [applause] by the way, don't speak until you have the microphone. if you want to be on television. question, anybody? >> how much as the footprint of the structure changed since they burned down? did they rebuild on the same architecture? how did it change? >> she is talking about after the fire of 1814.

the outer shell of the white house was there and they told -- built around it. it expanded when ulysses s grant was president. they thought about moving the house over a bluff right after the lincoln assassination. in the truman era of the white house, it nearly collapsed. they gave margaret a p get it margaret the pian o and the lake of it fell through and they really thought it would collapse. they had to move into the blair house. it was interesting. it was expanded deep below ground, too.

any other questions? >> you talked about coming into the white house early in the morning and seeing the dining room lights. can you tell us about what it is like to have the job you have and what are the sum of things you have found to be a pleasure in the job as well as a burden? , >> the pleasure is the reason why i decided to run. -- the reason i decided to write a book in the first place. it was such a privilege. you are enveloped by history. when i was in the easter last weekend -- i have been in there a million times -- but when you into the center of the room and you have the famous gilbert stuart painting on the wall was where he was sworn in,

after nixon resigned. with gerald ford, sworn in after nixon resigned. the history is just remarkable and you cannot escape it. it is just amazing. it is mind blowing to go in there. >> in the floor plan, i think it was the current white house on the second floor where they have a room noted as "cos." what is that? >> in the west wing? >> the chief of staff office. >> it looks like it is in the private area. >> oh? i will go back and look at it. sure.

>> fascinating. have you covered anything on the ford children smoking marijuana on the roof of the white house? [laughter] >> when ford was in the white , and, i was a wee lad someone in the room could comment on that but i won't put him on the spot. i have heard those stories and i have heard about jenna bush doing it. yes, sir? can he get a microphone? it is probably true. >> i was interested to see the painting of the white house while it was under construction and it showed all the bricks among the various rooms and we

, were told that, during the complete reconstruction of the white house in 1950, when they gutted it, my friend got the -- mount vernon got the bricks and built the slave quarters in the greenhouse from the bricks? >> that is true. >> the entire structure was not from the bricks, but they were part of it. that is correct. the sad part about that, that is an interesting question, when the reconstruction 1948-1952, , truman told the guys to get the job done. as a result, there was a lot of debris from the building. they just dumped it into a giant landfill in virginia with all kinds of wood, frames, they were a huge waste and if you are an archaeologist, this became a good project.

there is some landfill around to it the bunch of riches and it. >> fascinating presentation. thank you. i have a question from the introduction. what did the russians make of the super bowl? [laughter] how did you explain it to them? >> i've never gotten a super bowl question and one of these events, but living in russia, this is how long ago it was the , redskins were a good team. [laughter] the year before, they had won the super bowl. and i was working and i thought, i missed the super bowl last year, so i watch it next year. and i actually figured out that if i had big screen televisions and satellites, i can make this happen.

i called called the nfl and pitched them this and they said, convince us and we will let you do it. i came back in staged it in the russians -- i do not know what to make of it. they think that they invented a baseball, too. [laughter] they do. they did not know what to think. >> mount vernon has the best questions for any speaker. [laughter] there must be something to ask this man. i will go ahead. >> this gentleman. >> get that gentleman. >> what is the most interesting story about ulysses s grant in the white house? >> grant, i am not sure if this is apocryphal, he got a speeding

ticket monday. he had his civil war horses and a buggy and he liked to go out around town and was speeding down the road and going too fast and he was pulled over and he started to give the president a ticket and he realized, the president but grant said do your , job and he got the five dollar ticket and grant thinks him and went back to the white house. that is one of my favorite grand stories. [laughter] the president got a speeding ticket. i don't think that happens today. >> i had read that eleanor roosevelt used to have all kinds of people come to stay at the white house over her time period. what was the wackiest one that she had? >> that would be a long list.

[laughter] eleanor roosevelt would sometimes invite total strangers she met on the streets and there were often not enough bedrooms to go around. i am sure hilarity ensued, but that is what she did. she was a real people person. as personnel and she just liked to talk to people and that is what she did. she was quite an interesting character. >> was sally hemmings on staff? >> you are talking about jefferson's mistress, slaves, and i think he fathered six children with her. i do not think she was.

i think she probably stayed back. that is a good question. >> one of my favorite stories in the book relates to wilson, the last virginia president who got married to his second wife and they had interesting relationships. ? >> his first wife died while he was in office and he was very lonely and wanted to meet somebody else and thought he never would. about a month later, he saw a woman on a street corner who happened to be a friend of the person he was with, his personal physician.

an introduction was arranged. her name was edith and the president was smitten. dating and the president to impress -- as if being president was not impressive enough -- he really wanted to impress her and he shared top government secrets with her. [laughter] it was a huge security lapse and that is what he did. i would think that being president was enough. if that doesn't impressive, i don't know what would. that is what he did and they wound up getting married and, during the first world war, edith learned to code and decode government messages. she went to work basically as a clerk for the war department and sent messages abroad and deciphered them. very interesting.

crippled byeverely a stroke in that nearly killed october 1919 him and he could not speak or move for a long time. it was one of the greatest coverups in american history. his wife, doctors, staff, they completely covered this up. can you imagine that happening today? to have the president absolutely paralyzed and they covered it up, and she took it upon herself to do his job and she looked at papers, signing documents, decided what was important and what was not. this was kept hushed. eventually, people figured it out when the president did not appear for weeks on end. it was an incredible cover-up. i write about that. it is one of the most, not untold stories, but undertold stories. it is remarkable. edith wilson. >> you are a great storyteller. i remember you telling me about

a speed dial. can you tell that story ?>> a speed dial? >> you are going through and you hit the particular button on the phone and you got a gentleman in california. >> that has nothing to do with any of this. [laughter] it is like the super bowl. where do these questions come from? >> it is not being recorded. don't worry about it. [laughter] >> >> i ended up hanging up on ronald reagan one time. [laughter] no big deal. thank you, jim. [laughter] i was working for a public relations company. they are still in business, despite this story. on the staff, after reagan left

the white house, on staff at this public relations company was sheila tate, a former press secretary to nancy reagan. me and some other guys were working late on a project at 12:00 at night or something and we were getting loopy and we decided to take a break and offices. we went into sheila tate's office and there is her rolodex on her desk. somebody started looking at it and said here is the private -- for ther four reagans. on a dare, i called the number. [laughter] i was 24 years old. i wound up calling the number and i was thinking, an assistant

or someone would answer the phone. they picked up the phone and there was this unmistakable "hello?" [laughter] and, we just hung up and hightailed it out. [laughter] it was very innocuous. i was certain that we were all going to get it. nothing ever happened. [laughter] so, that is the time. thank you. that is the time i hung up on the president. >> one last question to finish this off. >> i forgot about that. that will go in the next book, maybe. >> hi. it was an excellent presentation. thank you. i have not been to the white house in 40 years. now i am very interested in

going. would you consider giving a behind the scenes tour to a few of us? [laughter] >> i think that i just did. [laughter] the best way to get in there, on a serious note, security is so strict now, the best way is to go through your congressperson. that process is laborious. you have to start 6 weeks in advance. you have to give your social security number and all of that. i cannot get people to be on the gate and i do not encourage jumping the fence. [laughter] if you can take the tour, you should. it is wonderful. you will see the rooms we talked about the east room and the , state dining room. you can see the adams benediction. the red, green, and blue rooms. if you are lucky on the day you are there, when the president is coming or going, they may take

you out back and you can watch the chopper, which is really a thrill. i hope you get to do that. >> let's give him a big round of applause. [applause] thank you all for coming out tonight. a couple administrative notes. these books are for sale outside the door. we will chain them to the desk. until the signs all he can sign before he leaves. >> a, no. >> if you run out of the stock of books, you can purchase them from us at a discounted rate and we will ship them to you. we have placards he can sign as well to have them personalized for you or anyone. it is a nice gift for thanksgiving. >> if you like the book, get on amazon and write a review. [laughter] that would be helpful. shameless plug.

>> thank you. let's give him another round. [applause] [indiscernible] chattering] >> every weekend on american , weory tv on c-span3 feature programs that tell the american story. some of the highlights include tonight at 8:00 eastern. historian matthew andrews of north carolina at chapel hill talks about how racial tensions of the 1980's were reflected in sports. >> rocky is a heavy underdog in the first film, he loses in the

first film, he loses in a split decision to apollo creed and no one thinks he will do well. he does remarkably well but is not win. in rocky two, he knocks out apollo creed and the most implausible boxing scene. but rocky wins. inse were both very popular 1976 and 1970 nine, but they're much more than sports movies. ,hese are movies about race these are movies about american history. >> at 10:45, christopher beauchamp talks about his book "invented by law," arguing that alexander graham bell is only remembered as the invention of the telephone despite contributions of others because he secured the patent monopoly. on road to the white house rewind with the upcoming new hampshire primary, we look back at the 1992 presidential campaign and arkansas governor bill clinton's second-place finish in new hampshire and his

position as the comeback kid. >> the evening is beyond. [laughter] we don't know yet what the final tally will be. i think we know enough to say with some certainty that new hampshire, tonight, has made bill clinton the comeback kid. [applause] democraticfeature and republican ads that aired in the granite state, including those of bill clinton and george h.w. bush. at 8:00 p.m. on the presidency, margaret omara talks about her book and argues that the 20th century was shaved by former elections that occurred during economic and cultural change, starting with the election of 1912. for the complete weekend schedule, go to www.c-span.org. on december 16, 1773, thousands of massachusetts colonists

after the debate, colonists marched to griffin's wharf and dumped the tea in the boston harbor. this re-creation of the scene was hosted by old south meeting house and the boston tea party museum. >> and now, ladies and gentlemen, the 242nd anniversary celebration of the boston tea party. >> good evening. my name is george.