was going to challenge the president's war powers. so this is a really pivotal series of hearings. i can't think of anything quite comparable to them, but the public and the educated the congress, and according to senator fulbright, he called them educational hearings. announcer: you are watching "american history tv," all we can, every weekend on c-span3. to join the conversation, like us on facebook at c-span history. announcer: this year, c-span is touring cities across the country. up next, our recent visit to greenville, south carolina. you're watching "american history tv," all we can, every weekend on c-span3 -- all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. started in 1863 and

there were 18 mills by the 1830's. it became known as the textile center of the world. the mills started down here in the south because of the abundance of water power. secondly, because of the abundance of people and employees, potential employees, and also, the obvious reason, cotton. there was plenty of short staple cotton everywhere. these men who decided to go into the textile industry had no experience whatsoever. they just decided to create these gigantic mills. the other thing that makes this very interesting is that these men got together as partnerships and that is so unlike anywhere else in the world because they competed with each other and yet, they partnered with each other, they served on each other's boards. these men decided to build an

empire together and they also decided to build greenville. the history museum is a wonderful place, and it is a wonderful place because it pays homage to where greenville really started, and especially the textile industry, the textile exhibit behind me is so very important for people to understand our heritage and where greenville originally came from. in first mill was started by awho was literally -- man who was literally the father of greenville. his son started a weaving process or a spinning process in the camper down mill -- cam perdown mill. that was really the beginning. there were two mills right in downtown greenville and then

from that point on through 1925 is when all of the mills started being built. by 1895, 3 major mills will and thenwere built brandon, woodside, and all of the hudgge mills were built. the interesting thing is by 1910, it became very apparent that these large, vertical mills were inefficient because you are moving product vertically. originally it was by steam and then by elliptical power, that still you are moving product vertically -- and then by electric power, but still, you are moving product vertically. mills were on two stories but then they were on

morland and it became far more efficient to move products laterally. thehat started changing and huge vertical mills as i said were inefficient and eventually they were abandoned. in greenville during the textile 1800'som the late '60's, therethe were three distinct classes of the town. you had the business community or the white community that were the owners and the doctors, lawyers, that kind of thing. and then you had the african-american community who -- you know, occupied various as nurses, but they were not involved in the textile industry early on. and then you had the textile -- early on. and then you had the textile class, and the mill hill people

were almost as segregated as african-americans. and it was an interesting society. the 1940's, that by by world war ii, almost 70% of the population of greenville, in one way or another, was involved in the textile business. 1945, this was a general motors of the south, if you will. canvas65% of all of the for tents or gun covers for the army were made right here. most of the uniforms for the army were made right here in greenville. so it was pretty substantial and had pretty substantial impacts on the war. it was hard work, it was really hard work, working in the mills, whether you were in the spinning department or the weaving department, it was hard work. it was dusty, it was hot because there was no air-conditioning.

whathad these big windows, it was really hot in the summer or really cold in the winter. and the job itself was very tough. you know, they call these people lead heads for good reason, because there was so much cotton dust floating around in the air that they would get it in their hair and i remember somebody telling me that when they were little and they were in line at woolworth's- at was a womand there standing in line and she had all of this white stuff in her hair and his mother would not let him talk to her because she was a lead head. these operatives lived in a mill village which was isolated. so people have a tendency to segregate them. life in the mill villages was very interesting to the

operatives. the mill owners provided the mill operatives with not only their houses, that they built churches, they built the things inhey built ways where the operatives could live in a reasonable, normal life together. and they provided entertainment. baseball became a huge venue. the southern league, which was created here, he came -- became an enormous baseball league. joe jackson came from here in the mill village. when he grew into his teenage years, he played baseball. it selfo good, the mill gave him time off so he could play baseball and he was the give him time off so he could play baseball and he was the star. but there were other things.

the owners provided most of these mills with golf courses for the operatives, they had tennis in some cases, a head plays, and of course, church. so there was a lot for them to do to entertain themselves when they were not working in a mill. i am a firm believer that greenville is where it is today as far as successful growing and a prosperous community, it's foundation i firmly believe was in the textile industry with the owners that build these mills. that was the first layer of real leadership that led to greenville growing. the sad thing about it today is that in the 70's, the town, the city made the decision to turn its back on the whole textile present because the textile industry was in decline. i think that if you really study history as hopefully people are doing more, that they will

understand how important the textile industry was and how important it was to society, how it was important to the growth and prosperity of this area, especially. our "cities tour" staff recently traveled to greenville, south carolina to learn about its rich history. learn more on our "cities tour" by going to c-span.org/citiestour. you are watching c-span three -- ,"tching "american history tv all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. we get people to understand spending and the government is so large and an agw is tryinglike c to get people to be more

involved and to make it a little bit more personal so that they understand the impact on them and their families and their children and their grandchildren. theuncer: tonight on "q&a," president of citizens against government waste talks about bringing attention to wasteful government spending. citizens against government waste also publishes "the pig book,." with a we worked congressional group of congress and they came up with porkbarrel spending and it eventually became the term earmarks and we started the book -- started the "pig book," and every year that we can find earmarks in the appropriation bills, we release a congressional "pig book"

sometimes around april or may. announcer: tonight on "booktv --on "q&a." [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2016] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] announcer: tonight on "the presidency," the bush versus gore u.s. supreme court case. here is a preview. >> jack said, how bad of a decision that bush versus gore is? i said, it is a bad decision, that it is nowhere near korematsu. and that he did something that shocked me then, and you will see why it is so relevant today, and he said, i don't think korematsu was such a bad decision either. which kind of staggered me. i do not think that we were near a constitutional crisis. i don't think -- but one of the things that i thought was quite

interesting about what had happened after the supreme court ruling is that it was the first super close election in u.s. presidential history. the election of 1800 and the election of 1876 were decided by the supreme court and if the supreme court had decided to decide those, they would have been ignored. what is interesting to me is that the power and the capital that the supreme court had built up that once they had ruled, no wayesident gore saw to challenge the court's ruling, even if he thought it was wrong. the supreme court building i think on its decision brown versus board of education and the reapportionment revolution had held up such capital with the american people that once it said this election is over, everybody snapped to and said, this election is over. that is the reason impart that

we didn't have a constitutional crisis. the supreme court should have waited until all of the ballots were counted before saying, this election was over, and that is where this supreme court got things wrong, that i don't think we needed to have this decided by december 12 so we could have a full two weeks of christmas shopping. watch the entire discussion on the bush versus gore supreme court case on "the sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern. -- this"the presidency ," onmerican history tv c-span3. advocates privacy, the rule of law, it indicates public safety. we just have to talk about this and how do we optimize these things we care about? privacy and safety. how to we do that? it is not easy.

announcer: friday on "the zive andtors," josh chris calabrese discuss the fbi and apple phone hacking of the san bernardino terrorists. "reuters"oined by john 00ecurity expert -- john -- >> we do view this as a real threat. certainly apple is concerned and we are all concerned about the privacy of all of the information on the device, but we are also worried that tilting

any to cool that allows you to break the security on the device is really a privacy harm, one that is going to come back and bite apple users around the world. announcer: watch monday night announcer: each week, american history tv's american artifacts takes you to museums and historic places. whitneyp next, we visit plantation in wallace, louisiana, to learn about the in america.lavery ashley: i am the director of museum operations at the whitney plantation. we are beginning our tour today in an historic church, which was 1870 by people who lived on the opposite side of the river in louisiana. the structure was donated about 10 years ago by the