to eliminate stoop labor are in the pilot stage. until they are ready, most braceros are a necessary supplement to our cruise. in spanish, braceros means a man who works with arms and hands, but in american lingo, they are called lifesavers, and they are, not only to the farmers, but the housewife, the grocer, the transporter, the canner and a processor into all of the other industries whose output and very existence are so closely interlocked independent on the continued supply of such crops. ♪

>> monday, on the communicators executives of the american cable association talk about the future of the cable industry and the future faces. and the fcc's plan to open up the market companies to build or sell set-top boxes and the regulation of the internet. fox and all of the networks are be required that they carried on the most widely distributed level of service. what we end up with this this bundle of bundles that everybody has to take. operator i would love to sell it to people as they wish. most consumers do not recognize that if that happens the price

of the individual channels is going to skyrocket. agree with what he said about what consumers say? our members are providing choice through competitive set-top boxes, asking that getting consumers choices about which books to purchase, and coming back to the customer, being part of that relationship customer to determine what is it that they want most and how can we provided. watch the communicators, monday night, and you you eastern on c-span2. liner queen mary ocean tickets made for each -- technically employment -- took voyage in long beach.

learn more about long beach all weekend here on american history tv. >> we are at the port of long beach here in california within the city of long beach. we are sitting right in the middle of the port complex. this port complex is approximately 3200 acres in size. we are the most modern and largest seaport in the u.s. and we are a department of the city of long beach. we consider ourselves part of the community here. this is the largest economic engine for the city, for the region, for the state. $180 billion worth of cargo comes through this port supplies the region, the state, the nation. regionally, this port supports about 315,000 jobs within the region and 1.2 million jobs throughout the u.s.. our cargo touches every

congressional district in the united states. the port of long beach was established as a former harvard apartment. we are a little over 104 years old and through that time, this port actually started on a wooden wharf and was a lumber terminal that used to come up from the northwest for the growing city of long beach and the region. where we are today, 104 years later, sitting on the most modern, sustainable marine container terminal in the world. the first successful marine terminal the had was a lumber terminal that sits in our and are harbor. -- inner harbor. we have done over 100 years really built out our facilities. a lot of what you see, we built

a lot of this land. that has once again made us successful for being able to handle a lot of the demand of cargo coming through. the reason why the port of long beach is so successful is because of our location within the state, the weather, geographic features, the infrastructure. we have deep water. other ports have to do a lot of dredging. we are very fortunate that we have a lot of those natural features that allow us to continue to modernize our operation and be able to frankly handle the largest vessels in the world whether it's container vessels. we celebrated the arrival of 18,000 container vessels. very few ports around the world can handle that size of vessel. we are very proud with the

infrastructure we have within the port that we do as well as the rails and the highway system that help support moving cargo outside the port in the region. our cargo touches every congressional district in the united states. we are very proud of that. 40% of the cargo comes through this port complex. we are a major national asset when it comes to continuing to have the efficiencies to move cargo. the only did we do containers, we are a full-service port. we move cars, we have mercedes and toyota, major customers. we move lumber and crude imports and other types of commodities. some of the challenges that go along with the growth in the history of the port, probably

the environment. it's the physical environment and the environment of the impact that our operations create on our local communities. over the years, the port of long beach and the city of long beach had been very successful in being proactive whether it comes to water quality and ensuring that we have the proper facilities and we don't have the pollutants that enter the harper -- harbor. dredging and cleaning up the legacy pollutants in the harbor is important for the habitat. we have a very clean water quality report. we do monitoring. we have a great habitat. we do surveys of the entire bay. this harbor complex, even though we have grown and developed, we have been able to maintain and

have some sustainability in the port without having a major impact on habitat. our biggest success and the biggest challenge at the same time is really reducing the impact of a port operations from air quality. because of the nature of what we do in the port, there are a lot of mobile sources. whether it's the vessels that are very large with huge engines . at one point, they were burning dirty bunker fuel that had a lot of toxins in it. we have been very successful in coming up with strategies in the program to reduce the overall admissions from those sources. where we are sitting right now today, we are on the long beach container terminal. it is -- when it opens up, the phase one portion of it will be

opening up in the middle of april. it will be the most modern and cleanest marine container terminal in the world. everything from the time the vessel reaches the berth to when the cargo reaches the fence line is fully electrified. there are no admissions. one of the amazing things about this operation is what we call an automated guided vehicle. it's completely 100% zero admissions. it's electric. everything from the stacking trains to the short trains, they are the most modern and most efficient when it comes to moving cargo. that is important for not only the environment but also where we need to be for efficiency in

moving cargo. this terminal will really be state of the art. we have a lot of people really focused on this most modern terminal and when it goes live, there are a lot of people who are thinking about doing similar types of renovations and coming up with new types of operations on their terminals as well. we are a port town and we are proud of that. our city is proud of the port. over the years, we have maybe hit some bumps in the road. but i think we have come a long way. we are on the right track. that will make us even more successful in the future. tour staffour cities

recently traveled to long beach, california to learn about its history. learn more at c-span.org/citiestour. you are watching "american history tv," all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. "american history tv," panel of artists and archivists talk about radio from tv. pop radiodes npr, vox and tv recordings. native american radio anddcasting's -- broadcast nonmainstream productions. this is part of a national conference posted by the library of congress in conducting with the radio preservation task force. it is about an hour and a half. >> all right, i think we are ready to start. so good morning. ,my name