ever more useless over time in the nixon administration. announcer: watch the entire program sunday at 8:00 a.m. to midnight eastern "american history tv," only on c-span3. announcer: when bush became president, valdes was aimed to have the white house photo operation. his, valve is discusses position as a photojournalist for the bush family. this is part of an annual conference on the presidency and the press. it is hosted by the marlon fitzwater center for communications at franklin pierce university in new hampshire. it is about 50 minutes. >> we're going to look at the

presidency through the lens of david valdez, who is one of only nine presidential photographers in u.s. history. when he was not much older than you, the draft sidelined his plans for college. while in the air force, he trained as a photographer, and he found himself taking photos of four-star generals by the age of 19. after his honorable discharge, he took those skills to the university of maryland at college park, where he completed his degree in journalism while also working at the u.s. departments of agriculture and housing and human development. he later left and worked at the u.s. chamber of commerce. in 1983, vice president george h.w. bush tapped him as his personal photographer, and later appointed him director of the white house photo offices and personal photographer to the president. in his decade at the white house, he shot 65,000 rolls of

film in 75 countries and in all 50 states. after president bush left the white house, valdez joined walt disney attractions, but returned in 2001 to government service in the u.s. department of housing and urban development. you have seen his photos. they are iconic and can be found in the world's top magazines and newspapers -- "life," "newsweek ," "time," "u.s. news and world report." he was a featured artist representing the united states at the world leaders g-8 summit in georgia. we are very proud that he serves not only as an advisory board member of the marlon fitzwater center for communication, but he is a member of the board for the bristol center of american history at the university of texas in austin. please join me in welcoming

david valdez to the marlin fitzwater center for communication at franklin pierce university. [applause] david valdez: good morning everyone. it was a lot of fun yesterday. i don't know if you saw the photos i took, but it was a lot of fun. i was using my nikon and transferring them over to my iphone, and posting on to facebook and instagram. if you are on instagram, it is @davidvaldezusa. let me take you back in time. i will show you some of the photos i took while i was at the white house. we can talk about them. feel free to ask me questions. what i'm going to show you are photos that i took of george herbert walker bush when he was president and vice president.

we will see a couple of photos after he left the white house. i also worked for his grandson, george p. bush, who ran for the texas land commissioner job in texas. that campaign was completely different than all the other campaigns i worked on, because george p. bush's campaign was all about social media. here we are, vice president bush in houston, texas, the night he was elected president. actually, george p. bush is the small boy to his left. it was kind of fun for me working with george p., photographing him campaigning, because i would have deja vu and say oh, i took that exact same photo of his grandfather 20 years ago.

vice president bush came after ronald reagan, so this is president bush and barbara bush, who were just down the road saying goodbye to former president reagan and nancy reagan. this is on the front steps of the capitol building. when the president is sworn in the capitol, the former president leaves out on the other side. this is their inaugural parade. it was kind of fun for me years and years later, someone found a photo of me on the internet actually taking this photo. you never know where all these photos are going to wind up. it is fun for me after all these years to still see them pop up in history books and on some pbs shows. it is a real honor. the first day that george bush was president, he went into the

oval office, and they had to adjust the chair. he was a lot taller than president reagan, so his aide was there adjusting the chair. it is just one of those move-in and let's start a new administration. there has been a tradition where former presidents leave a note for the new president. this is literally the first moments, the first time that president bush sat down at the desk in the oval office, opened up the drawer, and there was a note left by former president ronald reagan. and, of course, when george bush left, he did the same thing for president clinton. a little sidebar to all of that is, across the street in the old executive office building in the vice president's ceremonial office, there is a desk where

former vice presidents all signed the inside of the desk. it was always kind of interesting to see all the names of the former vice presidents. while i worked at the white house, i worked really closely with marlin fitzwater. we would release photos to the media. in those days, i was shooting film. if we were going to give an image to the media, we would have to make a print. i would go to marlin with a badge of grants. -- prints. lin would approve which went out. i wound up getting stuff published in life and time and all over the world. this was one of the photos. the young children there are barbara and jenna bush, who are the daughters of george w. and laura bush, who a few years later became president and they

were the first daughters. here they are the first granddaughters. now the bushes are right now on vacation in kennebunkport, maine. here is one of the photos. every year when i was working there, i did a family photo for their christmas card. this was one of the photos. you can kind of see on the left side of the image is his son neil and his wife, and then next to him in a blue jacket is george w. bush and laura bush, and then behind is his other son marvin and his wife. and then to the president's left is his daughter doro and her husband and one of their kids. on the far left is jeb bush and his wife. you all know that jeb ran for

president this go around, so it's kind of interesting to see all of that, be a part of that. this is vice president bush at the vice president's house with a couple of his grandkids. my job was to document everything the president did in public and in private. we would do all these official events and travel around the world, but i was also with the family and did a lot of personal family things. that was fun, especially this moment here. vice president bush was on vacation in kennebunkport, maine, and life magazine wanted to send a photographer up to photograph candidate vice president bush, who was going to be running for president. he said, no, i'm on vacation. there was some back-and-forth, and finally it was decided that

i would take the photos for life magazine, so i shot this photo. the photo editor loved the photo. she wound up running it two full life" magazine. over the years, this has been in the best of "life," classic "life." recently, it was in the best of "life" of the past 75 years. this is kind of the photo that kind of identifies me. an interesting thing is i had to talk to barbara bush about this, and what do i do. she invited me. she says, come on over in the morning and just watch what happens. about 6:30 the morning, i walk up to the house and peek in the door. they call me in, and i go in and sit down on the edge of the bed,

and all of a sudden, the kids start coming in, and i just stood up and took a couple of snaps. there is actually one photo that is probably more historic now. i shot from the left side, back this way. in the background is george w. bush. little did i know back then that george w. would also become president. the president close -- loves his boat. that is jeb and his daughter in the background. they used to go boating all the time. we have a lot of fun. what's interesting now is that exact boat is on display at the presidential library in college station, texas at texas a&m university. it is a great place to go and visit. actually, all the presidential libraries are great places to go. there is one just down the road, president kennedy's down in boston. if you get a chance, you should go visit the presidential

libraries. funny story, we were out one time boating, and the prime minister of canada was coming over to visit, and they had a helicopter landing zone. we were waiting for the prime minister, and we were out on the boat. just as we got the call that the prime minister was getting ready to land, i caught a fish. so i am out there reeling in a fish with the president saying that we have to go. i was like, i've got to get the fish in, i've got to get the fish in. we finally catch the fish and take off, and we had to run over to meet the helicopter. as we get there, the prime minister is already off the helicopter, so the president turns around and he says "it's valdez's fault," and there is a great photo of me holding up my hands like this, explaining to the prime minister that i had just caught this big fish.

as we traveled around the world, we had a couple of planes. this is the older air force one that we used, but you can see some of the grandchildren and his dog would come with us sometimes. this is at their house in kennebunkport. the guy on the left, that is george w. bush, who later became president. the guy in the red pants is george p. bush, who is his grandson, and now the texas land commissioner. just the classic wave photos. here is in the people's republic of china. that was an interesting trip to go on. if you know the bio of george herbert walker bush, one time he was the liaison to the people's republic of china, and lived

there. when he went back as president, some of the embassy staff were still there, and he had a little private dinner with the staff. so it was kind of fun to see that. we literally traveled around the world. one of the things that we did was travel to communist poland. vice president bush met with shipyard worker lech walesa, who was the head of the solidarity movement to shut down communism. there was a lot of behind the scenes maneuvering to get to the point where we could actually go out and show solidarity with lech walesa and the solidarity movement. walesa said that one day, george

, someday you will be president and poland will be free. well, communism fell, poland was free, george bush was elected president, and shipyard worker lech walesa was elected president over free poland. this is president gorbachev pointing his finger, making a point at camp david. the two guys in light-colored shirts are their interpreters. what is interesting is that a year or two ago, i photographed former president gorbachev at the lbj presidential library, and the guy on the left was his interpreter when he was president, and to this day, it was still the same interpreter. it was kind of fun to see them and catch up. we also met with president gorbachev on a russian ship off

the coast of malta at one time. we were staying on a u.s. navy battleship, and the plan was to go back and forth and have some meetings on the russian ship and some meetings on our ship. there was a big storm, and gorbachev did not want to come, so we all had to go get on this little boat and go over to the russian ship. the good thing about it is we brought some lobster from maine to have dinner with president gorbachev, but he didn't come over, so you can guess who got to have the lobster dinner that night. if you go to the white house and you tour, you walk through these rooms. this is in the red room. i am in the blue room, looking across into the red room. that is president bush and president gorbachev.

president bush loved to play horseshoes. here he is playing horseshoes on the south lawn of the white house with the prime minister of japan. queen elizabeth showed up, and she brought her sterling silver horseshoes. i don't think she ever actually threw one. they are probably right now on display at the george bush presidential library. this is boris yeltsin playing horseshoes. that was fun. we used to do that in different places. one time we were meeting with president gorbachev at camp david, and they went for a walk, and i followed them around. they get to a horseshoe pit, and they were kind of discussing , what is this? i showed president gorbachev how

to throw the horseshoe. he threw the first shoe and got a ringer. he decided to keep the horseshoe as a souvenir. -- wentt and ratchet on and ratted on gorbachev. i told the president the communist guy had just stolen his horseshoe. [laughter] >> it turned out that evening the president had one of the horseshoes mounted on a plaque and presented it to president gorbachev. president bush always talked on the phone, and was always making phone calls. that was one of the ways he interacted with a lot of people. if you recall, he was our ambassador to the united nations, a congressman, an oilman, worked in china. he knew a lot of people. here he is on the phone with king fahd of saudi arabia. he is at home in kennebunkport.

after that conversation, a short while later, we fly to riyadh, saudi arabia, and meet with king fahd. we also traveled to the vatican. this was kind of interesting. the first time we go to the vatican, everywhere the president went, i would go, and i always knew i would be with him. and so i get to the vatican and i go running in the door. grabsnratis -- me, and she says, you can't go that way. i'm saying, i have to go this way. it is really hard when you're in the vatican to argue with a nun. [laughter] all thesek me back to hallways, and she gets to a place. she said, you stay right here. 30 or 40 minutes later, she bye, and then she says,

are you ready? she opens the door, and here's what i see as i take these photos. this guy on the left, i was trying to get a picture of the four presidents, and marlin cap edgingi noticed, in an edging in and got in the photo. [laughter] >> i think it is one of m arlin's favorite photos. is in the white house press briefing room, actually sitting stahl,ou can see leslie cbs, and the woman sitting in the chair at the front is one of the white house stenographers that recorded everything the president said in public. it's kind of interesting. the government printing office

publishes these massive volumes of books that printed everything saying.ident is if you are studying presidents, those books are a valuable resource, because literally everything they say is recorded and printed. then, of course, you can see some of the cutaway tv cameras. also, this is upstairs in the private residence of the white house. a lot of people don't get to go up there. the senior staff goes, i got to go. this photo is colin powell, who was chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, briefing the president and his senior staff. you can see marlin on the right. they are talking about the gulf war. if you recall, iraq invaded

kuwait, and president bush pulled together a world coalition to remove iraq from kuwait. this is at camp david. no, camp david was not named after me. [laughter] >> however, i do have a cap that says camp david that i wear all the time. hi, i am david, and this is my camp. but this is colin powell, jim baker in the red shirt, dick cheney. in the blue there in the center is vice president quayle. the national security advisor, the president, and on the right is governor sununu, the white house chief of staff. and then, hours before the gulf war started, president bush went out on the south lawn of the

white house and just walked around. it was tough for him, because he had been a pilot in world war ii and had been shot down, lost two members of his crew. now as commander-in-chief, he was sending men and women into combat, and it troubled him that he knew some people may be lost. that weighed heavily on him. this is in the back study just off the oval office. you can see on the little tv there is cnn that is on, i believe. a map of iraq, and he is looking at his watch, and it is just a few minutes before the war starts. then as soon as that happens, the president starts calling world leaders and congressional

leaders, informing them that the war has started. a little sidebar, you can see he still had a typewriter at that point. he wrote many notes. i think probably some of these guys here received them. i know i have a whole stack of them that i received over the years. the president was a man of faith. it he went to a church service that day, went to pray. he was with his wife, barbara bush, and dan quayle and marilyn quayle. on the left is his daughter doro. they just went to have a service. it did not take long for the world coalition to get iraq out of kuwait. these are some of the final

moments of that, and colin powell is on the phone with norman schwarzkopf, who was the general that ran the gulf war. they welcome some of the troops home a little while later. i was fortunate enough as a photographer to get some of my photos published. this photo made the cover of "newsweek" magazine in asia and in the united states. the funny thing was that "newsweek" had this horrible headline up there that no one liked, and i'm sure marlin went around grabbing every copy of "newsweek" so the president wouldn't see it. the caption had something to do with fighting the "whimp factor." i was able to get the asian version, and i used that and showed that, and it says "heroic

man" in that language. and, of course, this is president bush in his house at kennebunkport, maine. that is the cover of my book "george herbert walker bush: a photographic profile." makes a great holiday present. after the war, there was the reelection. we went into the campaign, and here we are in the massive crowds. everybody was getting interviewed. this is larry king of cnn interviewing their dog. this is upstairs in the residence of the white house. i used to decorate the white house with photos. i enlarged one of those, and one day it was gone. it turned out that larry king

had the photo. the president supported the troops. we visited them in somalia afterwards. he visited with some of the children. the last day he was president, i was waiting for him to come to the oval office. i did not really quite know what was going to happen that day. i went up to his bedroom and walked in, and he was just in bed reading. a funny story, that little box there, that brown box by the telephone, is a call button. he could hit that button, and a steward would come in and bring him coffee or breakfast or whatever he wanted. the next morning when he woke up, he was in houston, texas. he woke up and reached over and was looking for the box, and there was no box, and barbara bush said, george, you have to make your own coffee from now on.

that was the last time we saw that. president-elect clinton showed up. in the background is actually vice president elect al gore. this is a few hours before the president is sworn in. traditionally, the president-elect comes over to ae white house, and they have coffee and then get into the motorcade and go up. they have a swearing-in ceremony. this is bill clinton being sworn in as president, and then this is president clinton congratulating former president bush. at that point, i was unemployed. then, we got on a helicopter and flew back to andrews air force then went home to houston, texas. then his new life began, and he

started skydiving. this is one of the trips over in college station, where he went skydiving. people always ask if i jumped with him. no, i was on the ground, and i was just lucky that he came down right in front of me, so i was able to get this. then a few years later, his son george w. became president, and here is george w. at his inaugural, with laura bush. there is a picture of the presidential cufflinks. and then george w. out on one of his many trips. in the roosevelt room. it was always funny for me , knowing george w. back before his days that he was even governor. we would go out to midland, texas, to his house.

i have known him for many years. when we would do an event like this at the white house, he would always kind of look at me andwould be in the crowd, he would give me a little wink. that was fun. bush, georgee p herbert walker bush's grandson. i just worked with him on his campaign in texas. this has all the vault from film, now to digital. "oil"ecame the cover of magazine in texas. but we were all about social media. when we would walk into an event, i would use my iphone as a primary camera, we would take photos from instagram, twitter, facebook, and post them live while he was actually speaking. here he is. actually, the guy in the back is

his press secretary, jr hernandez. just one of the shots of a tv camera. that is the night that he was elected. here he is with his father, jeb bush. campaign bus, and that is jeb sitting down and george p in the back. we drove 15,000 miles in the state of texas and went to 180 counties. here they are on the bus during their social media stop. so they are tweeting out information, sending out some of my photos. they have their laptops. we have wi-fi on the bus. it was a great system. the day he won, and his father

congratulating him, and being sworn in as the texas land commissioner in the state capitol building in austin, texas. his parents in the background. that is his wife in the green. just recently, i have been doing some iphone photography classes. people were asking me about tips and how do you do it, and we need more information. in the last week or so, i set up this website, davidvaldezphotography.com. i just literally, five or six days ago, put this up, but i am starting to blog about it. you can see some of my portfolios there. i am also on instagram and twitter. i know i tweeted yesterday about this. a couple of you read tweeted --

retweeted my tweet. that is a lot of fun. the one thing i can tell you about social media, especially young folks, is do not ever post anything of parties, drinking, carrying on, being silly, because social media will live with you through your career. you need to be aware of that. it may be fun, it may be cute, but just don't do it. i also post photos on flickr. on flickr. and i have stuff to "national magazine,"" "travel the united nations, all around. i am all about social media these days. even though i have 65,000 rolls of film in the bush presidential

library, i am now with my iphone, all about social media stuff. so, if anyone has questions, now is the time. don't rush to the stage. got one coming up right here. >> hi. how do you think the role of presidential photographers changed since digital photography has come around? david: dramatically. one of the big things -- i was literally the first white house photographer to scan film and transmit it electronically. today, president obama's photographer, pete souza, i believe, is 100% digital. the white house post a lot of photos on the white house flickr

page. i think people in the media don't necessarily like it, but a lot of the users out there love it because you get to see a lot behind-the-scenes. so they are putting out thousands more images than we ever put out. very selective, put out two or three photos, and that would be it. maybe once or twice a week. whereas now, with digital, i think it is a daily occurrence. it has really changed. some of the press photographers are using the iphones as the primary camera on some of the campaign trips , because it is smaller and easier to get around, but they can also post it instantly. it is a dramatic change. i know when i worked on george p

bush's campaign, it was dramatically different than when i worked on the other campaigns. on other campaigns, i would shoot film, and it would be 3, 4, 5 days before i saw anything. now it is instantaneous. i actually like it now better. y.ready -- alright >> good morning. my question is, when you were traveling with the bushes, were you shooting every single second of the day, or how did you choose what to shoot and what not to shoot? david: we would get a schedule. there were three schedules. a monthly block schedule, a weekly schedule, and a daily minute by minute schedule. the block schedule would be, next week will be a two day trip out to the midwest somewhere. trip.

the weekly schedule. a little tighter, and the daily schedule was minute by minute. for me, every line that was on there, i would go photograph. every line was a roll of film. so i would shoot that roll of film, put it in a bag, write a caption on it. it would go to the white house communications, and they would process the film and give me back the contact sheet. our photo library and would put -- our photo librarian would input that in to a filing system. that same system, 27 years later, would still be used at the library. when we would go boating or do something unofficial, i would

still go with him. i would take a photo of him at the restaurant or on the golf course, but most of the time you would give them space. you are there so much. give them a chance to get a breather. sometimes it felt like you were always there. you would go to camp david every weekend and do everything he did, the kennedy center or whatever. but yeah, you know, just document it. and you're done. >> i was going to ask -- you talk about how convenient digital is -- do you think with the convenience of digital, do you think anybody really has any reason to shoot film anymore? do you know of any press

photographers or people still willing to shoot film? david: there are a couple of guys that i know. work -- david burnett does some fillmore. he is a news guy. his stuff is just phenomenal. it is rare anymore. you see it more on our side than on the news side. when we were listening yesterday to the editor of boston newspaper, he was talking about how social media is taking over and leading the way. you have to be out there so quickly. it is dramatically changing. i do it to stay relevant. i am an old guy.

i still try to keep up with it. >> considering you are the only latin american to ever be a presidential photographer, do you think it had any affect on your time in the white house, and doesn't have any effect on how you view current residential candidates? david: i never really gave it much thought. it never occurred to me that i was hispanic until i was in the military. i was laying in my bunk one saturday morning, and we used to have to have this cleanup detail. you are always assigned. a sergeant comes by and is looking for airman lopez. airman lopez forgot that it was his weekend. he said, what's your name? i said, i am airman valdez.

he said, close enough, you are on duty. but i never really thought of it. every once in a while, they would talk about illegal immigration, and i would think, e, my grandparents were actually in this country 50 years before they became citizens, and my father was career military, and he was getting a top-secret clearance, and as they were doing his background check, they discover that his father wasn't a citizen. so his father got a citizenship. but i never really gave it much thought. with the bushes, they were from -- i have lived in texas and kind of grown up in a texas environment.

we all loved our mexican food we were at the house one time with george w. and jeb, and one of the women who worked for the bushes was hispanic, and she had made this big pot of tamales. it was george w., jeb, and i. we started taking the tamales out of this big pot and eating them over the stove. barbara bush comes in and says, stop, i don't feed animals in my house. i'm a staff guide, and i'm like, i need to get out of here. but no, it was never really a thing for me. thank you for asking. >> i was wondering if you could speak more about your travels and if there was a favorite

place you ever traveled to. david: we went all over the place. i remember the first time going to russia, i was nervous. i was not quite sure, and actually, the very first time we went was for a funeral. we go in to meet the new russian president, and we were to go in protocol order. the united states, u, is kind of at the bottom of the protocol list. it was 10:00 or 11:00 when it was our turn. we go in, we get to the office, , andin, i take the photos they escort me out the other door. i go out, i am sitting there and i am like, ok, it is late at

night, i got all my cameras, i am in the kremlin, and i saw the vice president way down the hallway. i went running and i caught up with him. it was like, ok. the very next year, we go back to another funeral. i'm thinking, there is no way i'm going to go out that door. we go in, it was a secret service agent, a doctor, a military aid, and myself. this time, i am thinking, there is no way will go out that door, because i will be left alone. so i go back out when i am done and keep my body language going this way. there was a new staff and they had escorted the guys who went in all the way to the other side, so i walk out that door, there is nobody there. i go back to the limo. i'm walking out and i got lost.

i am in the kremlin at night with my camera's and i am lost. i finally find my way out and i get to the door, and there are some kgb agents. they are shocked to see me and i'm concerned to see them. i get to the door, and they were doing anything, so -- they were not doing anything, so i open the door and go out. i get in the car, close the door, now i am back in the united states and i am safe. an hour or so goes by, the secret service come over and say, the kgb is looking for you. i say, i am on my way to siberia. i go back in, and at the top of the stairway is the doctor and the military aide and a secret service agent.

at the top of the stairway is a painting of lenin. they had talked to the guys into letting me take a picture of them in front of this painting. i said, are you kidding me? i just had a heart attack. [laughter] snap. you want a happy when we would travel around and people would say, what is your favorite country, i would always say the usa. >> hello there. earlier, it was said that you got your start in photography when you got drafted. i was wondering if you use that as a way to distract yourself from what was going on around you at that time. david: it was kind of a shock to the system. i was like, you guys' age and i

got this draft notice. this was in the 60's. there was a draft in the united states. i got called in. i graduated high school in june. i went down, and i didn't want to go in the army, so i joined the air force. the air force said, you're going to be a photographer. i turned to the guy next to me and said, what is that? i took to it, and many years later, i am the president's photographer, and we are in san antonio, and my parents invited the white house staff over to their house for a barbecue. we get there, and my mom says, i have to show you something david did as a little boy. i was like, long -- mom. you know, i'm this hotshot guy. it was a photo album i had done , and i had written on the cover "pictures taken by david valadez" in crayon.

i guess somewhere in here, that photography gene was there, and it worked well for me. i can't add 2 and 2, but i seem to be able to take a decent picture. >> thank you. david: thank you. >> we have time for one more question. uh-oh. this is going to be the hard one. >> did you have a particular moment when you realized you wanted to be a photojournalist? david: my father used to always say, when are you going to get a real job? he never thought that being a photographer was a real job. it was a hobby. until i went to work at the white house. then it kind of became ok. i went to the university of maryland and got a degree in journalism.

i actually started down that road, because i had been in the military, i was 21 when i got out. i know that i need to go finish my college and get a degree in something that i can get a job at. i looked around, i can't add 2 and 2, but i thought i could be criminologist, maybe become an fbi or secret service agent. one day, i am on campus in these two guys say, i just got my degree in criminology and i got a job. i was like, oh, man, what's he going to do? he was going to be a guard at the federal penitentiary. i said, that is not for me. it was kind of thin that i said, well, i have had six or seven

years of photography experience at that time, and i looked at that curriculum and i thought i could switch over to journalism, so i did that. i kind of chased the dog of being a photojournalist. one year, i was with "nation's business" magazine. the rest of the time, i was really a government photographer, kind of at the highest level. i applied all over the country trying to get a job at a newspaper, and that never happened, but what is kind of fun now is that i travel around doing a lot of public speaking. editors will come in and i will say, i remember when i was a lot younger, i applied to you for a job and you wouldn't hire me. now here you are, doing a story on me. it's kind of funny. thank you very much. i really appreciate it. >> thank you.

[applause] >> david, it is always a pleasure to have you here at the fitzwater center, and this is a wonderful view of the presidency through your lens. so thank you very much. david: yeah, it was a lot of fun. [applause] so now we have a short break, and we will set up for the next segment of the morning. and we do have refreshments, but you have to move quickly in the foyer. thank you. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2016] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

announcer: interested in american history tv? visit c-span.org/history. you can see our upcoming schedule or watch a recent program. to then artifacts, wrote white house: rewind, and more. at c-span.org/history. or storieses movies crisis, and in a the crisis either changes them or changes everybody else, and if you don't show conflict or flaws, and if you don't show someone growing out of their flaws or something like that, you are seeing something that you can't really connect to, and it doesn't have quite the same impact. announcer: sunday night on "q&a," john