announcer: interested in american history tv? visit c-span.org/history. you can see our upcoming schedule or watch a recent program. to then artifacts, wrote white house: rewind, and more. at c-span.org/history. or storieses movies crisis, and in a the crisis either changes them or changes everybody else, and if you don't show conflict or flaws, and if you don't show someone growing out of their flaws or something like that, you are seeing something that you can't really connect to, and it doesn't have quite the same impact. announcer: sunday night on , a moviehn podhoretz

reviewer for "the weekly standard," talks about the movies he has reviewed, ranging from open boat lincoln -- ncoln" to "straight outta compton." >> it shows how the band made their big hits. strikingly effective. to c-span.org tuesday evening for the vice presidential debate on your desktop, phone, or tablet. watch live streams of the debate and video-on-demand of every question to the candidates and their answers. use our clipping tool to create idiot clips of your favorite moments to share on social media. create your own clips of

your favorite moments to share on social media. live coverage tuesday evening on c-span.org and the c-span radio app. this coming tuesday, this year's vice presidential candidates face off in their only debate. on "road to the white house: rewind, we feature the debate between republican dan cradle and lloyd bentsen. -- dan quayle and lloyd bentsen. here is a preview. >> i am surprised. i think i just heard is as ferrero say she would do away with all covert action, and if so, that is -- that has serious ramifications. this is serious business, and sometimes it is quite support for a friend, and i believe that there. but let me leave you with the difference, ms. ferraro, between iran and the embassy in lebanon. iran, we were held by a foreign government. had a wantonou

terrorist action where the government opposed it. we went to lebanon to give peace a chance, to stop the bombing of citizens in a root, to remove thousands of terrorists from we sought ae did -- government of reconciliation. for somebody's to suggest that ,hese two men died in shame they gave peace a chance, and our allies were with us -- the british, french, and italians. let me just say, first of all, that i almost resent, vice president bush, your patronizing attitude, that you have to teach me about foreign policy. [applause] ms. ferraro: i have been a member of congress for six years, i was a member when the embassy was held hostage in iran, and i have seen what has happened in the past 17 ounce of your administration. categorize myt

answers either. leave my answers to the american people watching. and let me say further that no one has ever said that those young men were killed due to the negligence of this administration. no one with a child who is 19 or 20 years old whatever say that about the loss of anybody else's child. watch the entire debate at 10:00 a.m. eastern sunday, on our weekly series "road to the white house: rewind," only on c-span3. makingnext president appointments to the supreme court of the united states will be president donald trump. sen. kaine: with hillary clinton in the white house, the rest of theyorld will never forget will always look up to the president announcer:. announcer: the vice presidential

debate between republican mike --ce and vice president tim and democrat tim kaine, beginning at seven -- beginning at 7:30 p.m. eastern. at 8:30, the briefing for the audience. at 9:00 p.m., live coverage, followed by viewer reaction. the 2016 vice presidential debate. watch live on c-span. watch live any time on demand at c-span.org, and was an online at the free c-span -- listen online at the free c-span radio app. in"american history tv" is pueblo, colorado this week, learning more about its rich history. up next, we take you to a museum to learn about the children of ludlow exhibit. we are in the children of ludlow exhibit, which commemorates the 100th anniversary of the ludlow massacre. this exhibit really resonates with visitors today, even though

this story is over 100 years old . it still touches so many issues that we think about today. are issues of gun control and gun violence, issues of labor. there are issues of immigration. in of those come to play this exhibit. there are many ways in which the public comes in and finds an immediate modern-day connection to that. massacre >> was a horrific time in american history. -- >> the ludlow massacre was a horrific time in american history. men, women, and children were killed in their defense of the ability to earn a living wage. >> one of the important aspects of the story is children. children died in the massacre, children where victims. they were our of the story.

-- they were part of the story. we chose to tell the story of the ludlow massacre from the children's perspective. another important piece of that is that truly, the miners were fighting for their children. one of the things that they would like to note was that this was not about foreign-born miners fighting for wages. it really was about the filling the dream of america for their children. throughout the exhibit, you will see photos of children spaces. faces.hildren's the union deliberately took photos of children, partly as propaganda to say, this strike is not about foreign-born miners, but about america's children. we thought that would be a really interesting way to tell the story. aght behind me, you will see great photo from the united mine workers that captures many of the faces of children living in

the colony. i would like to point out this little young man with a look of worry on his face. uncertaintyming that these kids faced. they were not in school at the time. know when the strike was going to end, because nobody knew. when thenot know harder way of life was going to go away. i think it really captures that feeling that little kids had at the time. one of the things we did as part of this exhibit was to create a sense of being in a tent. people were living in tampa's -- canvasn kansas homes. tente in the middle of a

that looks at the life of children before the strike and during the strike. over here, we've got this great photo of mother jones, marching children down the streets of trinidad, as one of the techniques they used to gather support for the coal miners strike. even a sign that says, a bunch of mother jones children. one of the aspects of the story is that children really are used as a rhetorical technique to help the country at large really feel compassion for the miners cause, and this is one example of how they used that. about thiswe talked lesson. this text panel i think is one of the best stories. we've got an oral history of a young man who talked about how

the company really felt like the life of a mule was more important than the life of the people in children of the mine. it would cost the company money to replace a mule, and the cost the company nothing -- and it cost the company nothing to replace a worker. the mule was more valuable to the kind -- to the company then be -- than the people working there. this part of the story is often represented -- often misrepresented. people thought the miners were fighting against children's labor, and that is not one of the causes of strike at all. families really encouraged the young men to go work in the minds, because they knew that that was a pathway to better wages and a better life. the young manthat who started in the mine earlier were going to be much more productive by the time they became adults.

so we've got some interesting stories about what it was like for young men. sometimes, they would start out working the trap door in a mine. they would have to listen for the sounds of a mule or a car. then they would open the door to let them out, and they would shut the door very quickly. it was a very important job, because this is how they can't the air patrol within the mine. if someone did not do a good job, there would be an air explosion. it was a very important job. young boys would have to sit in the dark and do it. if you can imagine being maybe a 10-year-old boy, sitting in the dark for hours on end, it was a pretty hard way of living. but the families actually encouraged it. there is a great quote here of a

young man who says, mother, i don't want to go into that dark hole. i am afraid. i will do anything if i did not have to work there. we've got some of the beautiful imagery taken by the united mine is of the faces of these young men impacted by the strike. over here, we have some interesting bulletins from the social logical department of the colorado fuel and iron company. they would print these things to hand out. these in particular are for the women, the wives of the miners, with the idea that they want to impart an american way of being. in fact, children at the time based on howades clean their mothers kept their homes. the principal would go to the child's living a

condition, and the child was graded upon that at school. this was all part of this effort to americanize and build a future workforce for the company. we also talked about the impact of young women in the strike. is that,teresting during the strike, the men are not working. the young boys who worked in the coal mines were not working. but in fact, the women and their daughters, the load increased for them greatly, because they now were trying to keep things clean, keep people fed with very little resources during the strike. if you can imagine canvas tents ,ut in the middle of nowhere the amount of mud and filth, it was very hard to keep their living quarters clean.

women were impacted the most by the strike on a daily basis. over here, we show a victorian be hard to see, but there is a great picture y'sm one of the compan journals about christmas in kindergarten. every year, the department would hand out drums to boys and dolls to girls. you have archaeological evidence to support they had these toys at the ludlow site. tos was part of the ability insert influence over the had to that americanize way of thinking, in a way to separate children from their foreign-born parent and impart this american way of life on to the children.

so in an interesting foreshadowing of events that happened, we see tragedy occur. it occurred at one of the other colonies that were part of the wheredo coal strike, miners were living in tents as part of the strike. it was a much smaller colony, however. living there are in the and joseph. in march of 1913, she practically gives birth to twins who died at birth. she was devastated. so the tent colony, as close as they are, they all go to trinidad to bury the twins. too devastated and actually stays at the tent colony. when the militia comes and they see that everybody had left, they assume that everyone had gone, that the tent, and he was completely empty.

washe tent colony completely empty. so they start trashing tents and setting them on fire. they come to the tent, and they discover that the colony was not empty, and they find emma in her tent, devastated for the loss of her children and not well. some of the militia tried to evict her from the tent so they can ransack it and earn the tent -- burn the tent. but one kind of militia man stands in front of the tent and says, over my dead body will you do this to this woman. they allowed her to remain. it is the only tent that survived that fire. it was the only one left standing. and we have the furniture that actually was in the tent.

we have thison furniture is because it was saved that day. told her family that every single day she would say a prayer of thanksgiving for the one man who stood up for her and allowed her to remain. so it is april 1914, and at this time, the company is very tired of strike, and they are eager to put an end to it and get the miners back to work. so they began escalating tension with their militia, making life even harder for the miners. massacre story actually begins the day before the massacre, on april 19, 1914. later on that day, they are pincus, wholewis was a greek immigrant and one of

the union leaders. they accuse him of doing something that they are is no evidence that he did. tensionin escalates the . when they wake up on april 20, tensions are at an all-time high. nobody knows who or how, but shots rang out. theydon't know which side came from, but at this point, everyone is armed and ready for a battle. as the day goes on, a battle ensues. lewis is brought into custody, and he is executed by the militia. his body is left where it fell for three days. -- a number of other union leaders are killed. after the battle died down, the militia go and set fire to the tents.

probably the biggest tragedy of the day, there are women and children in a tent seller, and they are trapped under a burning tent, and they die of suffocation. 11 children and three women. and they are in their, survived, but all of their children perished. families, the entire family was killed. the coast of family. family. charlie costa was killed in the gunbattle, and his bury prominent wife and children are killed in the tent cellar. the heroes of this story is married. she survived the tent cellar, but she is holding her infant at the time, and two of her other withren are in the cellar

her, and they all perished in this tragedy. that really forms what we now call the logo massacre. -- the ludlow massacre. when this exhibit opened, a woman came in and looked at this large picture of children and recognized her mother. one of my favorite parts of this isibit is that this really the story of people of southern colorado. people who still live here today are the descendents of this story. we have so much to owe our ancestors, because they really came, and so much of the story is about what kind of america they wanted to live in. we are the beneficiaries of that. announcer: this weekend, we are featuring the history of pueblo,

colorado. learn more about web low and other starts on our cities to work while -- stops on our cities tour at c-span.org/citiestour. tuesday's vice presidential debate, we will take a look back at the candidates, virginia senator tim kaine and indiana governor mike pence, using the c-span video library. sen. kaine: i have seen this story before. i have turned on the television and seeing the bad news of a shooting or whether emergency or famine. i have seen these stories, and there will be more. there was something yesterday that was different, and it was you. your spirit of optimism and community and hope. gov. pence: the presidency is the most visible thread that runs through the tapestry of american government. it sets the tone for the other

branches and spurs the expectations of the people. its powers are vast and consequential. are, byuirements definition, and possible for mortals to fulfill without humidity and insistent dedication to its purposes. at tim kainelook and mike pence, monday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span. watch anytime on c-span.org, and listen at the c-span radio app. this weekend on "american artifacts," we visit pierce mill. here is a preview. >> i am standing in front of rock creek park. last vestiges the of the rural past of washington.

this is the only one of its kind left. the owner of the mill was a quaker >> he came in the late 1790's. he bought 160 acres. there was an old mill that he bought. whole farm set here there is a building that may have been a distillery. aaron: watch the program programatch the

sunday. westfield state university criminal justice professor george michael teaches a class on white supremacist groups. he describes the difference between white supremacist and white separatist groups. he also discusses the relationship between the extreme subculture and other groups. professor michael: today we are going to take a look of a history of the way the separatist -- the history of the white separatist movement in the united states. it is a marginal movement. in light of some very important trends, the movement could become more salient in upcoming years. white separatism should be distinguished from this notion of white supremacy. to be sure there are whi