memorial up there. they had all the flags were flying just like on an important day. beautiful. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2016] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] announcer 1: almost 2200 americans were killed on the morning of december 7. next saturday, "american history tv will mark the anniversary beginning at 8:00 eastern. film,l show archival first-person accounts, and the 75th anniversary ceremonies at pearl harbor and at the world war ii memorial in washington. historians will take your call. that is saturday, december 10 beginning at 8:00 a.m. eastern huron "american history tv" only on c-span3. >> i decided to spend much more time on the young grant. i spent a week at west point trying to understand how this man can finish 21st out of 39 at

west point, and are sometimes aewed by biographers as historical intellectual lightweight, yet he said of himself, i must apologize, i spent all my time reading novels. >> tonight, the historian ronald americanlks about ulysses, the life of ulysses s. grant. >> it could be the meeting of african-american leaders in the white house, and he said, i look forward to the day when you can ride on rail -- ride on railroad cars and in restaurants along with every other person. that day must gone. .t took 90 years grant was the last american president to hold those kind of use. announcer 1: tonight at 8:00 eastern on "q&a."

heather lineberry: we are on stage at the frank lloyd wright theater in tempe, arizona. , "american history tv" visits the art museum on campus to learn more about the collection of political art. heather lineberry: the print collection is one of the largest at the museum. we have 7000 works on paper, and they are cared for and stored and made available for close study and viewing here in the print study room. one of the areas of concentration within the print collection is artists dealing with social and political content. a lot of these artists throughout history have recognized the art form's ability to really bring about social change. they are, just like us, living in their own time frame, and they want to reflect upon what is going on around them. and potentially influence society with their work. and the amazing thing about

print, it allows them to be powerful social tools, really, is that they are relatively inexpensive to produce. they are multiple. they are less expensive to acquire. and so they really penetrate all aspects of society. and they are excellent platform with which to convey information, both image and text. and so a lot of artists have used print specifically for this reason. so we selected today from the collection a range of prints from the 18th century through to contemporary of artists dealing with social and political content. and what is really amazing is that, while a lot of the specifics change -- so, the settings the customs, the , specific details of the current event -- the broader issues remain the same. these artists are dealing with things like political corruption , like the difference between

rich and the poor, war and the impact of war. and so throughout these prints, throughout history, you will see the artist dealing with the same issues. so the first prints i pulled were by an english artist who lived in london and william hogarth. hogarth set up his own engraving studio in 1820. the prints i am going to show you today are from the 1740's and 1750's. hogarth is best known as a satirist, and he produced these large editions of engravings, in theory almost like a graphic novel, and often in very witty and biting look at what is going on around him and society around him. for instance, this is taking -- this is marriage a la mode, and this is taking at the habits of the very wealthy.

it is the story of a couple who are married off by their parents for game. so here you have on the left lord squander, who is showing his family tree, and his -- he is marrying off his son, who is over here on the right in very fashionable dress, but already we see his dissipation because he has a black spot on his neck, which means he has syphilis. he is back from his tour of the continent. 'and the sun -- and the son's d.me is lord squander fiel and then this is a rich merchant who is interested in marrying off his daughter to gain entry into the aristocracy. in the background you see a new mansion that lord squander is building. and so he needs to gain resources to sell off his son for that reason. and here he has a crutch, and his foot is bound because he has gout from his extreme living, eating, and drinking. here you have the daughter looking very depressed about this situation, but being talked

into the marriage by a lawyer, who is called silver tongue. and here on the right, you always have to look for the details in hogarth's prints, are a pair of dogs chained together just like the couple is going to be chained together in life. this series runs through several pieces and ends with the son dining in a dual -- duel and the daughter committing suicide. in complete dissipation, having spent all their money. now we jump to the late 19th-century, early 20th century and look at two german artists who both concentrated on the impact of war, world war i and world war ii, in germany. but also, the plight of the poor and the impact of war on women and children and others involved.

kulwitz, akathy german expressionist artist who became active in the late 19th century. as i was talking about earlier, she was an artist who very consciously chose printmaking as her medium, in order to get the work out there, in order to talk about her concerns with society. so her husband was actually a doctor in berlin, and she came into contact with a lot of his working-class patients, and a lot of her work is dealing with the plight of the poor, and particularly mothers and children. and so this is a really powerful piece called "bread," and she has actually written it here at the bottom. a mother with two hungry children she is trying to pacify. the next piece is a piece called "revolution," in where she shows the downtrodden, the poor,

trying to break out of their restrictions. and then this piece here is a , piece by an artist named george gross. activess was actually between the wars, between world war i and world war ii. and he actually fought briefly in world war i. and a lot of his work from between the wars is looking at the complete breakdown in german society between the wars, which brought about naziism. and so a lot of his work shows the veterans who have become beggars, who are starving, who were injured in the war and now have no recourse, no profession. and again, so showing the impact of the war. interestingly, kathy colditz had -- also had personal impact of the war. she had a son die in world war i and then a grandson die in world war ii. kathy colbert's work is

basically banned by the nazis in world war ii, and she lost her position at her german university. so now we are going to move to a selection of work by contemporary artists who are using the print medium in order to talk about social and political issues. these are all works by an artist named sue co, and here you can see the ability of our visitors to take a close look at our prints. none of these are behind glass. so they can really see the quality of the paper, the quality of the print itself, the contrast between light and dark and the use of the grays in between to create these powerful images using a variety of print techniques. this is a powerful piece about the anita hill hearings, when she made very specific claims of sexual harassment against clarence thomas. and here you can see her interpretation of those hearings, where she felt an -- anita hill was demonized, and

here she is demonized most like a witch with her hands tied, flames coming up from below. this witch, the sort of halloweeny witch with the cat and broomstick up above. and "the new york post" tabloid here on the left with "i'd like , to thank amerikka," with kkk in america. very clear interpretation by sue co on what happened during those hearings, and the very specific senators who were in those hearings as well. the ceramics election is our largest collection. second-- collection is our second largest collection. we have some powerful works in particular from the 1930's by an american artist that we would like to share with you today. >> we are going to take a look at one of the hidden gems of the ceramics research centers collection, and that is three sculptures by russell barnett

aiken. russell barnett aiken was a well-known socialite, philanthropist, artist, and oddly, big game hunter who lived in new york city and hung out with the other wealthy types in new york city. these pieces were created in 1938, just before the united states entered world war ii. so what we're looking at our the -- are the three pieces by russell barnett aiken. you can see on the left, we start with a sculpture of franklin delano roosevelt. he is riding on a democratic donkey. he is holding up a microphone. and talk under his right arm -- acked under his right arm is warship, a battleship. have aht here, you sculpture of benito mussolini.

you can see an ethiopian figure thumbing their nose at mussolini as they look up. you have to remember also that this is pre-world war ii, so russell barnett aiken is looking at these figures through the lens of the united states, which has not yet gone to war against these countries. and finally, we see an image of adolf hitler. "mein kampf" is tucked into his left hand. his right hand is giving a sig-heil. there is like a mermaid with a baby actually tucked into her arm. russell aiken is talking a little bit about eugenics may be and hitler wanting the aryans to propagate. and on the other side, there is actually a sign that says neue

ordem, or "the new order," with an arrow pointing forward. i think that we can view these sculptures through a couple of different lenses. one of them is that pre-world world war ii and definitely during world war ii, there is a populist lens we can look at these through. i think people in the united states were engaged in art in a direct way and used to seeing art that made statements. through the works progress administration, through artists like diego rivera, people in the united states were used to seeing murals that made direct statements. i think we can definitely relate these sculptures with the political winds at the time. but the other lens you can look at this thread is through the lens of socialites and wealthy people in new york city. so in 1938, before the united states entered world war ii, you were already seeing the nazis

driving out the jews, the collectors, the wealthy -- some of the wealthy jewish residents in germany. but also many artists, many creatives were migrating. so this is the milieu in new york city that russell barnett aiken would have been commenting upon at the time, and i think russell barnett aiken was never somebody who hid his own beliefs and his own opinions. and that is what you see in all of these little details percolating up these sculptures. -- in these sculptures. this weekend, we are featuring the history of tempe, arizona with the cox communications authors. learn more about tempe and other cities on the tour at c-span.org/citiestour.

announcer: follow the transition of government on c-span as donald trump becomes the 45th president of the united states and republicans maintain control of the u.s. house and senate. we will take you to key events as they happen without interruption. watch live as c-span come on demand at c-span.org or listen on the free c-span radio app. >> welcome to congress. [applause] on the presidency, a conversation about resident franklin d roosevelt and how he used his language to bolster his world war ii policies and strategies. georgia state university professor mary stuckey talks to paul sparrow, director of the fdr presidential library and museum in new york which hoste