history tv, we hear intelligence experts discussed some of the most notable espionage sites in the nation's capital including embassies, hotels and even walking paths. it focuses on their new book "spy sites of washington dc." this event is about 90 minutes. >> welcome, we are delighted to see you. i am the executive director and i think you are in for a scintillating evening. i must say, it is going to be a pleasure given all of that is going -- given all that is going on around us to be able to talk about things that happened in the past scandals and spy

stories and so forth. there are going to be two authors. you may know of his past writings, keith melton. he is an internationally recognized author and intelligence historian. an expert on clandestine i'm devices and technology, how all this stuff works and as a longtime advisor to the u.s. intelligence committee which is where i first met him -- he is a technical trained craft historian at the training center in washington dc. he is also in his private life -- he has assembled the largest collection of espionage related artifacts in the world. more on that later. part of that collection is on display at cia headquarters,

some as featured in his book "the ultimate spy book." keith has also participated in something on the order of 40 documentaries and tv shows. the latest of which i will mention because it will ring a bell. "the americans." some of the more clever plot devices i think of him and the gentleman right here in this room. the last book he did has been featured in many places "spy craft." these are the gadgets, these are the things that people are always asking about when they come to the museum.

how do things were, what do spies use, how does that happen? he is a graduate of the u.s. naval academy and a founding member of the international spy museum advisory board and was recently appointed to the board of directors. one last item i would like to note is that is keith quite recently has it generated -- has a generously donated his collection to the international by museum which is just -- the international spy museum, which is an excellent guest or. -- an excellent guesture. our museum will be more magnificent because of him. the co-author of keith is bob wallace, a former colleague of mine at the cia. one of the high points of his career was he was chief of technical services. bob was head of the unit that you know from the bond movies as q. that is of the easiest way for me to refer to him in that capacity. he is the co-author of "spy craft." he served in the u.s. army in the anon -- in vietnam. he has a masters and political science, university of kansas. speaks and writes on leadership

and intelligence and management topics and also serves on the board of advisory in the international spy museum. it is with great pleasure that i welcome both of you and ask you to take the stage. thank you so much. [applause] robert: did you order this

water, keith? good evening. delighted to be here. the first challenge in giving any kind of presentation of this type is will this thing work? the answer is yes. so far, so good. the lighted to be here. thank you for attending.

you brought better weather than we had earlier today. the drive home on the be the two hours it was on the drive-in. -- will not be the two hours it was on the drive in. we will discuss spy sites in washington dc. some you may be familiar with. i think you will find the stories that we will tell and some of the videos that you will have a chance to see to be particularly intriguing and perhaps new. peter, thank you to the international spy museum for inviting us and most importantly for displaying our book prominently down in the bookstore. i'd like to begin by recognizing and introducing hank schlesinger. where are you? hank is standing back there by the wall. hank is a colleague of ours. hank has written books with a keen eye for the last 12 or 15 years. hank has just done a mac if it's in job in terms of research and pulling together a lot of the material that we have in these books. for those of you who might be familiar or have access to the publication of the association of former intelligence officers, hank has a fascinating article in this month's, or current,

edition on a little-known spy but important spy of revolutionary war, thomas sticks. he did spying for us -- thomas diggs. he did spying for us in europe. i would also like to ask, is there anyone here from georgetown university press? georgetown university press and don jacobs, the senior editor, were instrumental in putting this book together. we were so pleased with the format and layout and design of the book. i did want to ignore to them -- i did want to acknowledge them. yes.

that's may west, right? it is known, the international spy museum is known for a number of lovely ladies they employed here so we thought it important to grace this event with mae west initially. why would we use mae west? it is so many sites, so little time is what we want to emphasize. we think our database runs well over 1000 different sites and most of you have no interest in reading a book that date. we have selected to about 350, 400 sites that are in the book. mae west also at a fascinating counterintelligence observation

that we thought was important to share with you. there are, i believe, a couple of agents, officers from the federal bureau of investigation here. i personally want to thank you for your service and this is what mae west suggested. it seems to me that i have known so many men that the fbi ought to come to me first to compare fingerprints. now if i were a special agent, i think that it's one of those assignments i would love to have. "casablanca." world war ii film. the vichy police chief is, of course, succumbs to german pressure to close rick's cafe.

>> everybody is to leave here immediately. this cafe is closed until further notice. clear the room at once. >> on what grounds? >> i'm shocked to find that gambling is going on in here. thank you very much. everyone out at once. robert: in recent weeks it seems to me that variations from this dialogue and "casablanca" have been repeated daily by politicians, pundits, and reporters. i am shocked to find cyber espionage going on here, and by the russians no less. i'm shocked to learn foreign governments use clandestine operations to affect u.s. policy. too often i think we have heard exactly that sentiment.

readers of spy sites will discover that there really is no shock that foreign intelligence is spying on prominent politicians and seeking to influence their political positions and really have been doing so since may be 1776 here in america. so tonight we are going to talk about locations in washington where intelligence activities are carried out and describe some of the significant operations and profile a few of the key people. spies are depicted as shadowy, sometimes barely recognizable people in dark alleys or in dimly lighted ours, but it is more likely that you are going to find spies hanging out in embassies or major hotels, or if you live in northern virginia,

at the mclean family restaurant. for those spies that are aspiring spies, embassies provide several critical factors that allow a spy to operate. they provide cover, they provide security, they provide a physical presence in a target country, and they also provide targets for the opposition. when we talk about spying, there are two wings to the spying airplane. one is the positive collection, active collection, the other is the counterintelligence side of it. hotels, likewise, have many attributes that are attractive to spies. they become the kind of venues that are often convenient to spy

but -- clandestine operations are sometimes best done if they can be done wide open. you see or you don't see what is really happening. of those embassies that are particularly significant in washington spy history is the pullman house. pullman house was built by the inventor of the pullman railway car. made a fortune, george pullman, and he built a house in 1910 for his daughter and her congressman husband. unfortunately for the couple, the congressman fell ill and

they never occupied that holding. it was sold a few years later to the czarist government and became the embassy then for russia. when the revolution occurred, the united states did not immediately recognize the ussr -- in fact, did not recognize it until 1933, and at that point, the pullman house became the soviet embassy. this embassy subsequently then became the location where a number of americans -- >> i has some information to discuss. >> who may i ask is calling? >> i have something i would like to discuss. i think it would be interesting to you. >> i am with the united states government.

robert: that is the voice of ronald pelton. ronald pelton was perhaps the most damaging nsa spy before snowden. pelton left the employment of nsa in 1979 and began spying in 1980. he made multiple trips to europe where he was debriefed and spied for about five years before he was exposed by a russian defector, a story we will hear later. other well-known, and not so well known spies that reached out to the soviet embassy were navy officer john walker, cia officer augur james, and air force officer christer cocoa, and a marine private -- christopher cook, and a marine private. a former officer described the embassy's fourth floor as a place where the soviet officers had their offices in a secure

area. they described it as cramped, dimly lighted, windowless, and about 8800 square feet that they were all packed into. this sounds similar to some government offices i have been associated with over the years. nevertheless, this is today now the russian ambassador's office and i think you will notice may be one antenna on the roof. all the other antennas have been moved over to their new facility up on wisconsin avenue. the russian embassy, part of soviet spying during the cold war in the second world war. -- the cold war.

in the second world war, one of the targets was the vichy government, the vichy embassy in washington. there was an oss author to -- oss operative also working with the bfc named betty pack. betty was a beautiful young lady who decided that she would be of help to american intelligence and, in fact, she was successful in recruiting the press -- a -- press attache of the vichy embassy. her techniques were subtle and affect and they involved some good evenings together, long evenings together. when it became apparent that there were codes in the vichy

embassy, specifically the french and italian naval codes that might be of use to our service, betty said well, you know, since we have this good relationship with the rest official, let's just have our evening together in the embassy. betty dressed for the evening with a necklace and high heels than that are and the two, accompanied by a safecracker, entered the embassy and the the guard, when they saw what betty's intent seemed to be, being good french, let things go as they were. the three entered the code room and in fact were able to obtain the codes without -- in the face of the guards, if you will. afterwards that he was asked about that and said well, are

you ashamed? she said not in the least. the results of my work saved thousands of british and american lives. wars are not won by respectable methods. the german embassy in world war i was a hive of espionage, propaganda operations, collection operations, sabotage operations. the american policy really turned on and intelligence operation when the british intercepted a telegram that was intended from berlin to the british ambassador -- to the german ambassador in washington. this is the famous zimmerman telegram which told of the germans' plan to ally with mexico and in turn mexico could recover some of the territory that has been lost to the united

states. when this telegram, and i believe today is the 100th anniversary of our entrance into world war i, when that telegram was turned over to president wilson, it was then subsequently leaked to the associated press and public attitudes in america shifted quickly anti-german and america entered the second world war. the british intercept and decryption of that telegram stands as one of the key crypto logical successes of the era. the german embassy upgrade a clandestine radio system. this was detected i the work of

the radio intelligence division of the federal communication commission. radio had become a key element not only in communications but also in propaganda. both sides, the allied side as well as the german side, were very active in radio, radio propaganda efforts during the second world war. shifting to hotels for a moment. there is the mayflower hotel. president truman called this washington's second-best address. sometimes today i am not sure if he would call it the second-best address.

he might call it the first best address in washington. he called it washington's second-best address. it was built in 1925. it had 1000 rooms, 112 suites at the cost of $11 million. this is, i like to point out, somewhat less than the cost of the international spy museum. but it is a little larger, too. magnificent hotel at the time and still is, but it became very quickly a target or place of intelligence activities. the japanese naval attache, gucci -- yayagich -- yamaguchi use this as a place for banquets and attempted to recruit spies on behalf of japan. he died in the battle of midway subsequently after the war began. one of the most dramatic intelligence events of the mayflower was in 1941.

a couple of months before pearl harbor when president roosevelt gave a speech and held up a map that he said had been obtained by his intelligence folks that showed how germany planned in the second world war to carve up south america and dominate south america. this, he claimed, had been stolen from eight german diplomat in argentina, a diplomat who because he had been -- who because he had lost the map had been killed by the gestapo. was documented evidence of what the germans planned to do. documented evidence that had been created by the british service and through other

channels had made it into the american intelligence service. whether roosevelt knew that or not may be beside the point, but he was using a document, a forged document to shape the attitudes and future of american policy, a forged document from the british service. the mayflower lobby was in the mid-1980's a demonstration point for an intelligence technique called the brush past. this was -- brush pass. this was an operational technique by the cia to pass documents or information between two people in such a way in a

crowded environment, in a public environment, that would be not detected. once this was successfully demonstrated at the mayflower hotel and in a couple of other locations in washington, this became one of the techniques that cia used in target areas around the world to exchange information with agents. but perhaps the most dramatic of the events involves stewart knows that -- stuart nozette. in 1998, 2008, about 10 years, he was an advisor while working for the united states government through the israeli aerospace corporation.

in january of 2009, he took a couple of thumb drives to israel and conveniently left them behind. he was also running a little low on cash and hinted to some of his colleagues that that was the case and he expected that there would be people around the world that might be interested in some of the information that he had. this led the fbi on an operation against him, who we will see sitting here in a room in the mayflower hotel talking with an undercover fbi agent. >> i gave you, this first run, some of the most classified information there is.

so i crossed the room in the sense that i can't go back and take a polygraph. i'm nervous. i have made a commitment. i think what i have said fits -- do you have anything for me today? >> i am here to discuss -- it is great that you want to talk about it a little more. any other concerns you might have? absolutely. >> the other thing is i think i have been very good with cash. i have been able to make it disappear. >> i wanted to talk about that. here is 5000. you will be provided more provided the information has value. >> seismic -- so i have made a

career choice. robert: i hope you heard that. indeed he had. the career for his next several years is being spent in a penitentiary. congratulations to the fbi and agent involved for a wonderful operation that took care of somebody who we should take care of. hotels have also been the scene of death of agents, of intelligence officers. walter prevents key was ag are you officer in the 1930's -- gravinski was a gru officer in the 1930's, defected, and became a valuable source of information for the fbi as well as giving public information about soviet intelligence and how it was operating around the world.

this was at a time when the soviets were in fact targeting dissidents, targeting defectors, and were certainly not above killing them and knocking them off around the world. kravitski in 1941 check into the bellevue hotel. he was under a lot of pressure relative to his being known as a former soviet intelligence officer and the morning after he checked in, he was found dead in his hotel room, and this particular room in the bellevue hotel. it is now notice the hotel george. a single gunshot to the head. the case was quickly ruled a suicide because there was a note

left, although the controversy has continued to surround his death even until today. probably the preponderance of evidence say it was a suicide, he did shoot himself. however why he did that is really uncertain and it is unlikely that the pressure that he was feeling, perhaps the fear of what the soviets would do to him, was a factor in his demise. the point of this slide is that agents sometimes come to untimely ends. operational tradecraft. i want to talk a few moments about that. some of the elements we discussed at langford in our earlier books, assessment, covert communication, signal sites, dead drops, points of surveillance.

the -- one of the fascinating disguises, stories of the civil war is that of mary walker. dr. mary walker, a physician who work right across the street in what was then the patent office but had been made a makeshift hotel for the civil war. she worked as a surgeon there. she worked as a nurse but she was really a surgeon. she repeatedly tried to get herself certified as a surgeon but being the society that it was at the time, there was resistance to that until there was enough press about how capable she was, she was appointed a field surgeon and worked the battles at fredericksburg, chattanooga, and atlanta.

during that time she was working in the fields. she was a surgeon. she could dress as a man, cross enemy lines, and get information about the deployment of the confederate troops. she was captured in april of 1864, then released a few months later in a prisoner exchange and after the war, president johnson thought that her contributions to the war should be recognized. in 1865 she was given the medal of honor. mary walker is the only woman in the civil war that received the medal of honor. however, 1917 came around and there was a review of all the awards during the civil war and about 900 awards were revoked,

including mary walker's medal of honor. a few years later, quite a few years later, 60 years later, president carter reinstated her name as a rifle recipient -- rightful recipient and to this day she remains the only female recipient of the medal of honor. i just diverge one point here. the national portrait museum next door where she worked, i went over there a couple of months ago and said i want to see mary walker. and there is no portrait of mary walker in the portrait museum. so i am using this as a public forum tonight to urge the international spy museum to undertake a project to see that mary walker's portrait is

eventually, comes to its rightful place in the portrait museum. [applause] robert: william seward, known for the purchasing of alaska. during thed be known civil war. he had agent all across europe. one of the successes he had was having an agent co-op the operation in belgium. there were prounion stories and thereby promotes the union cost.

seward was a target. one of the three targets. lincoln was the vice president. seward, when he was when he was attacked, it was a stabbing attempt. bloody, loud scuffle at his home. his two sons were also attacked by lewis powell. powell thought he had killed the secretary. in fact, he had not. , butl got out of the house didn't know washington was lost. wandered around for three days before he was captured and eventually executed. but seward survived. from thatal of seward attack was probably another one of the reasons that it did not succeed.

the united states government was not decapitated as both johnson and seward survived that awful evening and that spy plot. valequez was a cuban born lady who purported to be loyal to the union, but remained a confederate spy. included working with the treasury, making numerous trips to europe, and instigating a plan to do value u.s. currency. at the end of the war, she wrote a book. lots of these civil war spies seem to have written books.

something that i, of course, don't support at all. [laughter] her story was "a woman and battle, a narrative of the exploits and adventures of madame loretto -- madame ."retta vasquez how much of it is true remains in dispute. assessment as a critical tool of intelligence. u, a building in virginia, was just torn down. a historic preservation people

did not succeed in maintaining this one. it was torn down about a year ago, but the young guy and the picture -- this is where he was first interviewed by the agency. as he tells his story -- he is from the midwest and had come back to washington at the invitation of the cia, and was --d good news address to be told to go to this address to be interviewed. he went back to his hotel that evening and wrote a note to his mother and said, i guess the interview went all right. what surprises me is how small the cia is. [laughter] not knowing this was just an out ,uilding, not the headquarters it remains the principal location for applicants and polygraph testing and initial

instruction in the cia for a number of years during the 1960's and 1970's. the cuban maharishi -- the cuban ri, a beautiful woman by the name of jennifer miles, a south african, became a cuban aficionado while she was in canada. she worked in the cane fields and malott of important cuban people. -- and met a lot of important cuban people. she was sent back to the united states and told to get a job. she did get a job with the south embassy, and then began meeting and dating and greeting and having affairs with a variety of individuals.

she was controlled by two cuban diplomats out of new york. she had an apartment there and would exchange information and carry out her activities. 1980 when she finally started to make -- i'm sorry, 1970, when she started to roads to serious people at the white house that the fbi said, we've had enough of this. they rested her handlers and she was deported to south africa. of the diversity of spies. ethnic, gender, whatever. but this story gets even hotter, and to tell that one, i welcome keith melton. [applause]

keith: good evening. washington has been known for many things. but the integration of these into an espionage context has been fascinating. they look as the most significant former eastern bloc warsaw pact penetration of the cia during the cold war was an illegal couple. she is rumored as being warm, beautiful, sensational, and orgasmic. he is rumored as being everything that she wasn't. ciahe couple penetrated the and ultimately betrayed one of our most significant assets in the russian ministry -- the soviet ministry of foreign affairs. he was involved as a translator and ultimately provided

information that allowed the soviets to identify him. he finally committed suicide. it was a significant case. they were ultimately swapped, returned to prague. hannah as theyd are about to be awarded at the check intelligence services. this med may be familiar to many ,f you, our fellow board member who was personally involved in handling the case. we show this picture today at lunch. it was the first time he had seen it, so quite interesting. we have only recently recovered out of the files, this is an unknown drop site that they were using in communication with him at the georgetown square shopping center in front of the kh theaters. interesting bit of history that just showed up. -- the spies in history

espionage is of no good unless he can communicate a seat at between -- a secret between an agent and a handler. in the cold war, most of the gadgets that were created or to facilitate that communication. how you communicate secretly, securely? how can you get a secret picture or recording? how can you pass it? the soviets were very sophisticated at this. a typical example of this would be an operation called high fly. -- was awas ag are you gru, soviet military intelligence, operation. they make an applicants with a u.s. air force officer fbi is the codename yogi. he complains of his lack of

money and needs growth opportunity. he is essentially recruited. the specific interest in 1985 is the star wars missile defenses. yogi had access to the material. soviets, heto the is being operated by the office of special investigations, and successfully trained the best gru tradecraft at the period. the key meeting place was in fort washington, maryland, old river road. the key we had was this telephone pole. it took us the longest time to find the poll. the reason is that the utility company had, and the 1990's, renumbered the poll. happily, we were able to finally find a second set of numbers that helped us identify. among the examples of things that came out of this wasn't at 67 gru camera.

today we are quite comfortable with electronic devices as cameras, but this was a handheld analog film camera that you could literally move across a document, and it would scan it to film. quite exceptional for the time period. this was kind of a different packaging for the time, but it was the type of tradecraft equipment that, during the whole cold war, with a part of espionage. has proceeded forward, one of the most significant cases is brian patrick reagan, the subject of a recent book "the spy who couldn't spell." he worked for the cia, retired military. he is often referred to as a idiot savant. brilliant in ciphers.

his pension wasn't adequate, and made a decision to go to public libraries and make contacts to contact both the iraqis and chinese. unbeknownst to us at the time, 1/2 ton ofed classified information at 23 sites. what was clever at the time is ,e used the newly created gps and he had gps coordinates for each of his drop sites. they would refer to, for example, a tree. but to make them more obfuscated , he would put a nail in the tree, and he had another number that would indicate the direction and the number of paces from the tree into the park. he then took the documents, put them in plastic tags, triple rep

them, and buried them. he has the coordinates for all of these and the addresses of the embassies siefert -- ered -- embassies document kept in his shoe. we couldn't break his cipher. it was very clever. faced with what they knew was his bad activity and his offer to the iraqis and the chinese, he was offered a 12 year plea bargain. he rejected that and wanted to go to trial. in the midst of this, we were able to break the cipher. what we found, the key to it was buried at the fredericksburg exit sign off of i-95 at the base of the poll on top of the hill in a blue plastic

toothbrush holder. in it was the key to the cipher. once we got that, we were able to find the sites. he went out with a keen to recover them. was there anything there? there was 1/2 ton of soggy documents. that the documents were secure, but noticed bubbles in the. bubbles mayrned the cause the ground to rise, so he poked holes in the plastic to stop the bubbles. ultimately, just a half ton of soggy mess. it was one of the most significant cases. we had a number of opportunities in the book that we will talk about more. among the most interesting examples of a tradecraft case is how many spies in history had an opportunity to examine a drop

site from their home. the case goes back to edwin moore, who in 1976, throws a at thever the wall soviet embassy on 16th street. wrapped around the brick is a message tighten rope that says i have information to sell to the russian government. if you are interested, drop money in a package between this hydrant in the poll on this address. it was across from his house. he indeed surveilled the drop site. the security officer at the , thesy, a man named chinco guards bring the rock to him. he doesn't see the message, and says turn it over to d.c. police. the d.c. police read the message and call the fbi. the fbi fills the drop. he plays along.

he was a retired nsa officer, and he was ultimately arrested. this has an interesting twist to it. meanthe name chinco anything to you? in 1985, he becomes a defector to the u.s. he was stationed in rome. u.s. secretese him in an aircraft to injures air force base to andrews -- to andrews air force base. the very first question you ask a defector is what? do you know of any penetration of the u.s. government? the person asking the question is aldrich ames, who was himself a spy for the russians at that point. in effect, what he is asking is, do you know about me? and he says no, but he goes to the safe house and is ultimately

debriefed. when he is debriefed, he gives them information that identifies mr. long, who was ronald pelton, the man who called the russian embassy. the other person that he identifies is a cia defector, one of the first effectors, edward lee howard. the information he gave was absolutely valid. the interesting question is, why did he defect? having ane, was affair with the wife of another soviet diplomat. kind of a common occurrence in soviet embassies abroad. she come with her husband, then our re-stationed in ottawa, and he is left alone. he is having stomach problems. he thinks it is from stress. he goes to the soviet doctors and they tell him that he has stomach cancer, but unfortunately, it is not treatable by any drugs available to the russian doctors. it is only in the west that they have drugs such as this.

, thinking he is terminally ill, he makes a decision to defect to the u.s.. he arrives in the u.s. among the things the cia does is give him a full physical. they put him in the hospital and discover he doesn't have stomach cancer. he has an ulcer. they treat the ulcer. his health recovers. his health and his libido both are recovered, so he wants to make a plan to secretly go to ottawa to meet up with his love lost friend and have her ill lobe back to the u.s. with him. the cia supported. the security service in ottawa supported. the person who makes the travel arrangement though, is aldrich ames. he notified the kgb. they are waiting in the apartment. she comes to the door and says she will not come out, and slams the door.

encode -- ruchenko comes back and makes the decision to read effect back to the ussr. he goes on a saturday night with ncaa handler -- with a cia handler to this restaurant in georgetown. during dinner, he says he was to go out for a smoke. i don't his manager, if come back, don't think harshly of yourself. decently walks nearby to the soviet embassy and enters. his immediate statement -- they hold a press conference -- is that he was drugged by the cia and kidnapped. is that very believable? well, he is a calculating individual. he had been on a task force years ago that had judged a black sea fleet captain who had defected. he was homesick and then came

back. he knew the deliberation is the kgb had one of two choices. ander admit he is a traitor did damage to the cause and execute him, or -- and suffer politburo --of the or welcome him home as a hero. so they welcome to home. the service never allowed him again into the intelligence headquarters, and he spent the rest of his career at a security guard at a bank. 1997 andewed him in spent time with him for about an hour and a half. interestingly, this is in november 1985 when he is on the plane back. in honor of his exit, they selected an honor guard to accompany him from the embassy. o --is valerie martin

valerie martinov. they were betrayed by both aldrich ames first in april of hansen hadtober 4, offered his second batch of information. was executed and arrested shortly after the plane landed in new york city. he was never trusted by his colleagues again, but he is still alive and working as a security guard in moscow. one of the most significant damages to the cia was done by aldrich ames. this was chadwicks of georgetown. , in late aprilt gave a big dump to the kgb, a shopping bag filled with americans the.

-- with american secrets. with this, they were able to ,ake multiple identifications including the most senior officer working for the british and the west. hismately, ames and colombian born wife would develop a very lavish lifestyle here in the u.s. he had such a need of money, especially for her expenses, that this was one of the drop sites. this was codenamed pipe. in his famous message to the kgb, he says, "i need as much money as can fit in this pipe, and i need it very quickly. oh they bought a home -- very quickly." ultimately they bought a home in arlington. her family name was a well-known name in columbia. her uncle was very successful. they covered the money, saying it was a gift from the family. he was ultimately planning a

, andto the eastern europe was arrested by the cia and fbi before he could depart. interestingly, his license plate is going to be on display in the new museum. this was soon after he was arrested. mosts, at the time, the damaging spy in the history of cia. the most damaging spy in the history of the fbi is robert hanssen. this was his residence on housman drive. after hansen had been identified cia-fbiall of 2000, the understood for the first time who he was. this house had been on the market for about three months, not much interest. one afternoon, a well-dressed woman comes in and says she would like to buy it.

no contingencies, no inspections. she will pay cash and would like to close within seven days. this would be the primary fbi observation post looking down right into the house. codenamed grayas day. he would communicate in debt drops around washington and northern virginia. we give a complete list in the book. on his final drop in february 2001, it was at fox stone park. his signal that he was doing the ofp was a one inch piece johnson & johnson white medical tape placed horizontally on the left upright of the park sign. he disappeared into the park nine minutes. you walktch for -- if for in a half minutes into the park, you come to this bridge. he left his package beneath this

, under the bottom of the wooden bridge and above the concrete. when he comes back out, his car is left there. is currently about 5:00 p.m. he just dropped his friend at dulles airport. his wife is waiting at home with a tv dinner, they are going to watch nascar. these are robert hanssen's last moments as he exits the park. he is walking up the hill, wearing his gray jacket and black sweater. he is armed. he's going to go to the top of the hill there, turn right. the team expected him that night , so it was set up more for night photography then day photography. the camera at the drop site was not working, so they had no picture of him filling the drop.

he's going to reach for his keys. the fbi doesn't know he is reaching for a gun. they have a team of five individuals to make the arrest. they are now speeding towards the site and a modified chrysler minivan they had just disabled the child protection locks on, so they are able to get out of it while it is moving. he's now been placed under arrest. his final words as he is being arrested is "so this is how it ends." he always spoke of himself almost in shakespearean third person terms. this was the most significant arrest in the history of the fbi. hansen's damage to the fbi, we hope it is the worst there is. doneost that was probably to the u.s. army or defense intelligence agency is certainly ana mf -- that of

ontez. here she is in a picture at a cia senior intelligence course in july of 1992. she was a graduate of johns hopkins, lightly recruited in that 1984. bank. -- 1984. period.1984 she wanted to go into the intelligence community, but the only agency that didn't require a polygraph with the defense intelligence agency. she goes there. we believe for a while that she was a romeo recruit, recruited by a male at the university. but that doesn't seem to be true. she was truly an ideological convert. she believed passionately in the cuban system. 2001,tely, from 1985 to

she would become known as the she became because ia onefinitive analyst in d cuba. she is the person the u.s. military looks to for strategic advice on cuba. she would be in a position to write policy that ultimately would reflect the u.s. relationship with cuba, and finally, she made her rolodex of contacts within the u.s. intelligence community available to the cuban government. at points, she was directed personally by fidel castro on specific missions. it just doesn't get much worse for us. for years we couldn't understand how she was communicating. the belief was that her communications were always with a member of the cuban mission in new york city. hadater turned out that she 232 unauthorized meetings with

cuban officials over coffee at starbucks at different locations around the d.c. area . a significant, damaging case. she lived in this apartment. siblings that were members of the fbi, completely uninvolved with the case. that worksoyfriend for special operations in miami. she was operating from this bedroom, communicating over one-way voice link, which was an transmission over a shortwave radio she would receive and decipher. she used a toshiba laptop computer. this is a surveillance film of her coming into her house. once she came to the attention, she was placed under

surveillance. while under surveillance, ironically, her boyfriend shows up unannounced from miami one night at about 10 of 5 p.m. on a saturday evening. knocks on the door, she starts screaming at him and won't let him in. turns out jews in the midst of receiving a one-way voice transmission and couldn't stop -- they repeat the numbers, but you can do that while he was there. he was completely uninvolved, but were received a 25 year prison sentence. it was the m most damaging case in history of the agency. bergeson worked for the department of defense security cooperation agency. he was in the position of being able to give input on technology that was going to be sold to taiwan. defense equipment. d by an agentflagge

he believed represented taiwan, who is actually a chinese agent. the false flag premise was that we want to recruit you to give us help. you're giving us information we are going to get anyway, but if we know about it a little earlier, we can plan our defense spending so we don't. duplicate buying things if you are about to give us secretly this was all being orchestrated by the chinese. after he was discovered, the technical skill which the fbi did. once the fbi is on to someone, they don't get away. what they did was modify his car , his suv, so that they had two cameras inside and full audio. they are able to survey his meetings. the person he is speaking with is the chinese agent from new orleans the name of johnny quo. there i've run northern

virginia. i thought you might like to hear him describing his activities in his own words. this is greg sitting here, johnny sitting here. they are driving in the suv. you will hear him talking about what he does. little -- >>ke a [indiscernible] i'm very reticent to let you have it because it is all classified. but i will let you see it. you can take all the notes you want. [indiscernible]

>> i would be fired for sure. i would go to jail. actually, he did violate all the rules. he stops at a rest stop to go in and use the facilities. when he goes inside, it turns out that johnny quo is secretly tape recording the whole thing, so the fbi surveillance picks up surveillance that he was running on the meeting. so it didn't end well for him. one of the most interesting cases we cover is that of foggy bottom. this refers to a 1999 operation in which this individual by the , the captanislav radiofrequency buddy expert, was stationed at the embassy here in washington. the fbi surveillance notices him loitering outside the embassy of the state department on foggy bottom.

his activity was very suspicious. anyone have an idea of what he was doing? he was feeding quarters into a parking meter. is that a consistent activity with a diplomat? let's don't pay for parking. there's no consequence. they can park anywhere they want. seeing a russian intelligence officer feeding quarters into the meter was very questionable. ultimately they surveillance him. this is one of the surveillance films. what had happened is he has a listening device planted inside a fake piece of chair rail inside a conference room in the seventh floor, the executive level of the state department. car, and he is in a is there monitoring it so he can park, and they are trying to record the mitigation's. but they know the problem is --

record the communications. the transmitter only has selective power, so they are trying to conserve it. the parking places, he kept moving his car around to pick up a better signal. this is the equipment he used. we have a set of these pieces here on display in the museum. it was a very sophisticated intelligence operation. the last case i wanted to chat with you about is certainly one of the most famous. how many of you remove the ghost stories operations? the russian illegals in 2010? it is one of the most significant cases of russian operations in the u.s. or aof you may remove somewhat glamorous redhead by the name of anna chapman which got all the attention. but the illegals were very effective. we will probably look back on it as the watershed moment in russian illegal operation, from the sense that historically,

illegals were the best train of russian spies. they would have careers that spend 20 or 30 years, would go undercover in a false name. they would have a family, children, lived completely separate lives and operations. what they discovered is the problem was maintaining cover. in a world of the internet and digital databases, you couldn't conceal your true identity. you can make up records and show you went to a college and graduated and had a homecoming couldn't constantly hide the records that would show all these records were created on the same date five years ago. you couldn't build a convincing cover. the russians found out a more effective cover is to send someone under a true name. younger person having gone to university in the last five or 10 years in moscow. of them in the stream coming to the u.s., let them come here as a student.

smart, articulate, and they simply passed unnoticed. his is what happened with apartment he lived that in northern virginia. he was false flag by the fbi. thatme under the attention the decision that all the illegals were going to be arrested. there was not a convincing case against him, so the fbi called him to a fake meeting. they knew the code work to bring into the meeting -- the code word to break into the meeting. they said they had an envelope filled with $5,000. inwant you to go to a park arlington, and the key was to leave the $5,000 on top of the abutment beneath the wooden bridge. once he does that, he shows he is operating under control of a foreign government, has committed a clandestine act, and

can he arrested. unbeknownst to him, he goes to the site. there is a surveillance video waiting for him. this is the video of the time. somewhere in the academy, they are showing the same video. this has to be the example of the longest time ever recorded to fill a drop site. he has to reach under the bridge and put the envelope there. it takes in two minutes and 43 seconds to do this. this is the video. let's see if we can catch him comes --t there he coming out. there he comes. he finds the bridge, reaches underneath. he will actually get down underneath. the bureau made it a little easier and put a big green spot of paint on the rock to identify we want the money right on top of this. i will spare you the rest of the two minutes looking at it, but by recruitingy --

very young agents, you get used, vitality, streetsmarts, but you lack the tradecraft training. it was interesting that the two young agents were both false flagged by the fbi. bob and i had great fun doing the book. it has been a labor of love. we had done to earlier books on spy sites in new york city and philadelphia. we are pleased to let you know that the first book has been so successful, we are now doing a new and double the size edition of spy sites in new york city for georgetown press. we are busy working on that now. my passion is the artifacts. there's no where in the world that artifacts and the craft of espionage are taken as seriously as we do here at the museum. it is my pleasure to have the artifacts here.

we have some very effective and brave people that protect our country in the intelligence services. we are honored to tell their service -- their stories here. we hope some of this will be of interest to you and that you will join us in the future. our new museum will open in the summer of next year at l'enfant plaza. questions, bobny and i would be going to answer them. -- would be delighted to answer them. thank you. [applause] any questions? >> [indiscernible] >> this is very interesting.

what does the cia thinks about you sharing this information? [laughter] i am under lifetime obligation as a cia officer to submit any material that i write to cia publications review board. that publication review board reviews the material and suggests or identifies anything that is classified or inappropriate for public dissemination. and usuallyt that, the publications review board wins. so everything that is in these books that have my name on it have been approved and reviewed by the applications review board. that is a lovely answer, i really enjoyed it.

what i actually know is it to them a long time to get that book through the publications review board, and a lot of talking about issues. we can take some more questions if you like. what a fascinating presentation. yes ma'am. >> underscore he is, of all the people of the u.s. that were turned by the kgb, how many of those people did the kgb actually know their names? formerly unknown in terms of their specific names, but new -- keith: it's a very good question. to our knowledge, the only individual that arguably has maintained completely protected identity was robert hanssen. he was skilled as a counterintelligence officer and knew his greatest likelihood of ever being detected wasn't through bad tradecraft. the russians teach, if you

follow our tradecraft, it is foolproof. you will not be found. he knew his greatest fear was a u.s. penetration within the russian intelligence, and he would likely be betrayed by someone who learned his name. he justified the people he betrayed. on october 1, he mailed a letter to a man named victor and betrayed three people he knew were u.s. penetrations in the ansi. but he knew -- in the embassy. he knew someone would do the them.thing to d arguably, it works. could they have set up a surveillance vehicle on one of

the drop sites? yes. did they? we are still unsure. there were some hints that they gave. if you look at the communications back and forth, there are times that you believe -- for example, all of the drop sites had an alphanumeric number on them. they omitted the letter b in any of the names. is that a message quest -- is that a message? possibly. the problem was, how do you maintain your anonymity but then prove you have access to the documents? police in over the first time were so devastating that they knew that no one would have voluntarily send that information. long answer. questions? that's real experts here.

-- we've got some real experts here. >> the mayflower should always be given credit for preserving the history that has taken place there. as a three years ago, my niece and i were going to plan a trip here. they would still let you stay in the rooms that franklin roosevelt composed his 1933 first inaugural address. that's great to know you have that history and preserve it. , he and luis free are both members of the catholic organization. they talk about the fact that hanssen was showing movies at the picnic at saint hands church and freesin avenue,

was there knowing that he would arrest hanssen in three days. is that story true? keith: it is an interesting point. all that is true. the key is that hansen went to church daily and repented for the sins he wouldn't commit that night when he would pass documents to the russians. the first time he was ever caught -- that's the interesting point to me. he had been unfaithful to his wife. he had a significant girlfriend in college, but had been infatuated with his wife, the most beautiful girl on campus, and he was kind of a tall, geeky guy. somehow he ended up with the college beauty. so his college girlfriend, to show his new wife that she wasn't that special, they had an affair on the evening of the day he was married. discovers this later,

but she was married for life. she never, ever trusted bob again. in 1979, he was stationed in new york city. they were living two hours out. they could barely afford it. he's in the basement of his home, and is secretly writing this furtive note to someone. bonnie discovers it and thinks immediately that he's got another girlfriend. he says, no, it's not that. it's only to the russians. so what does bonnie say? you can't do that, bob. we got to go meet with the opus dei priest tomorrow. she drives bob to the priest and make him confess. the priest says, you got to do the right thing and turn yourself into the fbi and confess what you've done. what do you think his responses? i'd like to sleep on that. the next morning, before he can

respond to the priest calls back and says, i may have another idea. come in. he had to say 1000 hail marys and give all the money he had earned, which estimated $30,000, back to catholic charity. he later claimed until the priest he gave it to mother teresa. interestingly, the bureau looked and it was no record of any money transfer ever going to. somebody new about it -- so bonnie knew about it, but kept silent about it until 1985. she would come at a later point, discover a large amount of money in bob's gym bag. she called her brother, who is a catholic priest in rome, and says i am concerned that bob is up to bad things again. that brother calls the other brother, who is an fbi agent in chicago working on the polish

squad, and says, i believe our brother-in-law is a spy. the current fbi officer called and says, ior believe my brother-in-law is a spy. it gets murky at that point, because that supervisory agent never files a report and never pursues it, so he was able to spy for years later. the problem was they knew there was a traitor because they could never explain all the losses in 1987. following in 1986, they could never justify the. they were constantly looking for the mole. they believed it was a cia officer. it was actually robert hanssen. they were the same age, they lived on the same street, had a similar background, and had run

similar cases. so it was a great shock when he was discovered. it is a remarkable case. he is still alive in colorado in super pac's -- in super max. >> ask a question and you will get a good answer. how about right here. >> i think it was hanssen that says "this is how it ends" as he gets arrested. younot sure how my people been able to interview, but the that, or ism like there more of a sense of invincibility? keith: i was told that by the officer to put handcuffs on him. by the way, we will have those handcuffs on display at the new museum. [laughter] we have the set of handcuffs that each of the 10 that were arrested had. it's kind of an honor for an fbi officer to put his cause on a

bad guy at the time. i'm told specifically those were exactly the words, but it was almost in a shakespearean sense that he saw himself in the third person. interestingly, when he was in the car and is handcuffed in the back of the vehicle, dated immediately taken and call a press announcement. they wanted to arrest the officer who was coming to clear the drop. so they took it to a small jail south of quantico and kept him there overnight. the agent never came and cleared the site. as they were driving him down there, he tried to start talking as a colleague to the agents register as a temp. finally they said, don't talk to us anymore. you are no longer a colleague. you are a spy. but those were the exact words, as i understood. two weeks before all the

james was addressed -- was ames went torich the chief of the soviet division at the cia. he said, i'm coming to the end of my assignment and the counter narcotics group. he said, now i am looking for my next job. the chief of the division at the time knew that aims was a spy. yes, and aldrich ames said there were two jobs uninterested in. i'm interested in being deputy chief in moscow, the other job, i understand you are moving to thes to be the deputy deputy director for operations.

yes, that isd, correct. said, i think i would like to be your assistant on the same floor. and the chief, knowing what he said, i can assure you this. i will do everything in my power to see that you get what you deserve. [laughter] about a month later, now aldrich ames is being the priest by the -- being debriefed by the cia to determine the degree to the ,amage he had done, and he says now i know what that son of a bitch meant. [laughter] >> think we have time for one more question. >> i heard that they had only one elected official that was

union, andthe soviet supposedly he was a congressman from new york and either walked into the mission over there or in the embassy here. ever discover that until many years later, order the discovery while he was still alive? robert: this is congressman ,amuel dickstein from new york recruited by soviet intelligence. years, he washree an off and on troublesome source for them. one of the things you will learn in the intelligence business is not all the agents are real pleasant people that are easy to get along with. evidently the congressman was in that mode. or 1941, the soviets had

pretty much given up on him, although he had in fact given them some information and spied for them are in the previous three years. it was about that time that congressman dickstein introduced legislation to create the house un-american activities committee , which then was passed and actively hunted communists throughout the u.s. government. in 1945, congress and dickstein retired from congress, became a judge in the state of new york. he served honorably in that capacity before he passed away. he was never identified as a spy until we released the transcripts in the mid-1990's. activity oflection -- of beauticians between

soviet communications between her center and new york and washington. it was a laborious effort to decrypt those communications that had occurred from the late 1930's through the 1950's. he was one of the several people that were then identified conclusively as soviet agents from those transcripts. the other well-known one was alger hiss. yes, and keith always reminds me -- he loves these codenames. the codename for congressman dickstein was crook. [laughter] ok, go home, get a good nights sleep, and when you wake up in the morning and read your paper, see if it matches anything you heard here tonight. keith melvin and bob wallace, thank you so much for a