we continue to look at 1980's briefings on the soviet union. minute the 15 unit -- 15 film from 1985. in 2011, the cia information management service declassified over 200 documents according intelligence on the soviet union that the cia provided at reagan administration. included were video briefings traded by the directorate of intelligence for policymakers. >> the soviet communist party has not faced a serious internal threat to its political rule since the 1920's. yet after years of force sacrifices by the population, shortages of food and clothing process. housing remains inadequate. intellectual and artistic expression are stifled. and growing corruption reaches

all levels of society. the soviet people respond with the public displays of cynicism, but they almost never openly challenge the authority of the leadership. the soviet regime does not hesitate to enforce its role through the violent suppression of individual liberty, but april -- but it prefers to use less onerous methods of control like various propaganda techniques. the use of propaganda from the exceptto the grave helps at least a passive acceptance of its people. the soviet regime the sum in its propaganda through a vast network, operating under the supervision of the parties central committee. this network encompasses over 4000 newspapers, a large book publishing empire, a nationwide radio and television system, and an incessant stream of public

lectures. for example, about 15 million lectures are given each year by the knowledge society, a major component of the propaganda network. the regime also works through mass public organizations such as the communist youth league and trade organizations. the education of propaganda component of the armed forces. and the national education system, to indoctrinate there is elements of the population. moreover, already propaganda professionals are dispatched continuously to enforce ideological conformity within the vast network, and to provide the appropriate party lines. socialist indoctrination soviet style is introduced early in a child's education. each classroom contains its own enin corner, set up to deify him as the greatest socialist

revolutionary in the world. in class, children learn to in onss their love for len holidays. soviet elementary education is classified by a suffocating paternalism. personal security is offered by the state in return for strict conformity and suppression of individual expression. in our classes, for example, all children are required to draw the same object in exactly the same way and using the same colors. also, there is no ambiguity for soviet schoolchildren. there are only right and wrong answers. the repetition of the so-called right answer is the basis of soviet learning. in this manner, the natural spontaneity of soviet children -- butnly but generally generally controlled by the teacher. it encourages behavior

considered proper by the state. individuality has always been discouraged in russia. the head or patriarch of the family sets the rules of behavior, and the scent -- and dissent has not been tolerated. this is continued by the state. soviets are continuing the tradition and are encouraged to suppress individual aspirations in favor of collective or state interest. as a result, they often appear to be fearful of individual expression, and many have grown dependent on a paternalistic government which is more than willing to make decisions for them. leadership's dream of a socialist society where everyone works in unison to build communism and where discipline and order are self-imposed seems more distant than ever. because of this, the regime is compelled to issue an endless stream of rules and regulations in an effort to direct the lives

of the soviet people. as one some day it up, what is not forbidden is compulsory. the people have become adept at getting around regulations and knowing which rules to break and which to obey. in recent years, soviet leaders have become increasingly concerned over a growing popular projection of collective social responsibility, and a trend toward the private pursuit of individual activities such as jazz, religion, underground art and the second economy. the regime has responded by stepping up efforts to reduce context with the west -- reduce acts with the west and persuade the population that such contacts are antisocial. soviet television regularly offers generous portions of good

news regarding the achievements of ordinary citizens, often depicting them as heroes. the leadership is well aware that the welfare oriented features of the system are those that have brought the most positive response from the people. consequently, the regime gets heavy publicity to improvements in the standard of living and plays down public suspicions that the soviet economy has stagnated in recent years. while admitting that the soviet union lacks behind the west in providing consumer goods, it's propaganda machine explains this i saying that russia had been a ofkward country at the time the revolution and progress toward the socialist idea had been halted by world war ii. in no way does the regime blamed its problems on deficiencies in the system. at the same time, propaganda plays on the high-priority most

soviet citizens place on a personal security, i claiming that the distribution of income, education and health benefits are more equitable than in capitalist countries. two underscore this claim, the regime points to the lack of job security and the existence of unemployment in western market economies. the propaganda machine also exploits crime statistics from western countries and makes it appear that the u.s. in particular is a lawless society personal individual's security is constantly at risk. the soviet media go to great lengths to portray leadership as thoroughly committed to the welfare of the common man. shortcomings in the supply of consumer goods are attributed to individual cases of managerial and efficiency and corruption on the part of lower-level functionaries. the leadership provides excuses and scapegoats for its economic problems in an effort to deflect

criticism from higher officials and the communist system. the identification of russian nationalism with soviet communism is an important aspect of soviet propaganda. perhaps the achievements of the soviet union since the revolution have been purchased at such great personal and national sacrifice, the soviet powers status as world allows the regime to draw from a deep well of the brush and a personality, love of country. they have played on this impulse with a considerable degree of success, and by cleverly tying russian nationalism to communism, has produced soviet patriotism. the result is an important social bond, even among members of national minority groups. device --fully you fully utilizes propaganda, portraying soviet involvement in

the third world as of an aid tot -- as benevolent countries trying to fight so-called western imperialism. the victory over nazi germany in world war ii provides an inexhaustible source of pride in the average citizen. the party identifies itself with that great achievement by prescribing the war is a struggle behalf of the soviet people under the guidance of the communist party. this theme will receive greater emphasis on the 40th anniversary celebration of germany's defeat in may, 1985. the regime also has received considerable propaganda benefit from the soviet union's exploits in space and in international sports competitions, and it often attributes this to the superiority of socialism.

sports, moreover, is seen as an outlet for popular energies and a distraction from the hardships of daily life. the soviet union has often been referred to in the west as a closed society. the regime's ability to insulate the population from exposure to foreign information and ideas not only confirms this notion, but provides it with a major prop for the soviet system. xenophobic nationalism was not discovered by the bolsheviks, however. it has its roots in old russia. throughout russian history, contact with foreigners were discouraged, and it was practically impossible for a foreigner to live or operate a business in the country. until 1703, all domestic and foreign news was deemed a state secret, and foreign news has been regarded with deep suspicion ever since. in recent years, however, expanded contacts with the west

and technological improvements in modern communications have weakened the regime control of information. soviet citizens to they greater access of information from abroad, particularly through radio broadcast and from unofficial sources within their own country. this has enabled them to compare their standard of living to other standards, and therefore to become more aware of alternatives to the soviet system. for this reason, the soviet regime in recent years has increasingly sought to make it's propaganda more credible in order to counter the influence of western ideas. since brushing against -- moscow has decided to release more information about the procedures of professional soviet organs, and to hold periodic western-style news conferences. by releasing more information about foreign and domestic

offense, the regime and put its own interpretation on these events, thereby combating what the population hears from western sources. they made a particularly vigorous effort in this regard following the downing of flight 007. while this appeared to backfire in the west, soviet citizens, to by reporting from western embassy officials, accepted the soviet version as correct. party leader -- the party leader has called for an increased propaganda campaign to resist what he calls the full-scale information and propaganda invasion launched by the united states against the soviet union. this campaign features greater vigilance against the alleged efforts of western propaganda to undermine the ussr internally. in addition, soviet counter propaganda denigrates all dimensions of life in the west,

charges the united states was acting to increase the danger of nuclear war and accuses washington of engage in and a -- engaging in a white friday of transgressions in the international arena. these allegations in clued for minting -- fomenting terrorism in the third world and establishing hegemony over latin america. at the same time, the regime has acted more vigorously to suppress unofficial sources of information within the country, such as underground publications and to reduce the population's sensibility to four news by jamming foreign radio broadcasts and limiting contacts between soviet citizens and foreigners. in this regard, the regime has increased its efforts to reinforce a psychology of distrust of a foreigners and to acquaint any criticism of the soviet system with disloyalty to the motherland. broadened recently

the definition of treason in a way that makes virtually any association with foreign residents suspect. the most ruthless propaganda, however, is reserved for the soviet dissidents, those who openly and brazenly dare to challenge the regime's authority. no effort is spared to isolate, ridicule and publicly humiliate such individuals. given the reaction to this treatment by the average soviet citizen, which is manifested i either silence or outright support for the government, the regime has largely succeeded in portraying the dissidents as this loyal and fully deserving imprisonment and exile. furthermore, the regime often compels any defector who returns to the soviet union to publicly toounce his or hers decision leave and to denigrate the west as an undesirable place to live. the return of stalin's daughter

is a good case in point. ae television interview with man who defected and returned is another vivid example. the regime also glorifies the guard, picturing them as heroes to protect the country from foreign subversion. not propaganda is intended only as indoctrination but as intimidation, to remind the people that the state is fully capable of repressing those who step out of line. , soviet citizens to not buy all the official video tells them. their daily experiences demonstrate to them the falsity of much soviet propaganda. even when it is not believe, however, propaganda is a popular instrument of the regime. it defines the limits of permissible discussion and sets parameters on what is considered legitimate and what will not be tolerated. >> we have a facebook question

from here. he says, are their historical resources on the people who died in detroit? >> there is one in particular. the detroit free press did appease peered >> you could be featured in our next life program. join the conversation on facebook. and on twitter. ♪ >> it is that time of year, to our 2018 studentcam documentary competition. help us spread the word to middle school and high school students and teachers. this year's theme is the constitution and we are asking students to choose the provision of the u.s. constitution and great a video illustrating why it is important. our competition is open to all middle school and high school students grades six through 12. you can work alone or in a group of to three and produce a 5-7 minute documentary. include some c-span programming

and show opposing opinions. $100,000 will be awarded in cash prizes. the grand prize is $5,000, and will go to the student or team with the best overall entry. the deadline is january 18, 2018. mark your calendars and help us spread the word. for more information, go to our website. ♪ >> this weekend on "the presidency," greg robinson discusses the comput between frank and he was about and -- frank teddy roosevelt and eleanor roosevelt about the forced relocation of japanese-americans to internment camp during world war ii. here's a preview. but as far as the president's background and personality, that is a more subtle and compelling factor. it is hard to say what influence they had, but we certainly can say that fdr had a past history

of sharing popular president -- popular prejudice against japanese americans. in the mid, years before he was elected president, france and roosevelt had written a series of articles about the united states and japan, but he publicly insisted that japanese inter-americanle society and justify discriminatory laws on the west coast that prevented japanese immigrants from buying property or marrying whites or becoming citizens on the ground that this protected the racial purity of white americans against intermarriage. i am quoting him. i'll try to give you my best fdr . this is from 1923. "so far as americans are concerned, it must be admitted that as a whole come up they honestly believe that the mingling of a white with oriental blood on an extensive

scale is harmful to our future citizenship." howhile it is not clear much he continued this through the period of the war, he was in correspondence with the chief anthropologist at the smithsonian institution about .apanese skulls he agreed that the reason the japanese people were biologically so aggressive and evil was that the schools were -- skulls were less developed and he was thinking about intermarriage to dilute this awful, aggressive tendency. it is certainly true that if you justify mass action against people on the grounds they are not really americans, you are going to be less inclined to care about their citizenship rights, another two intervened to protect them. >> watch the entire program sunday at 8:00 p.m. and midnight

eastern. this is american history tv, only on c-span3. >> heather kenny was one of the -- she talks about her experiences that day and the possibility she might have to ring down flight 93, which terrorists hijacked. >> good evening, i am the deputy director of the smithsonian's national air and space museum. it is my pleasure to welcome you lecture.t's aviation since 1982, this series has spotlighted more than