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live sunday, february 3 at noon eastern on book tv on c-span2. and september824 1825, revolutionary war hero marquee still up i get toured all 24 states and the district of columbia. 50 years later, he received parades, banquets and military salute. executiveark hudson, director of tudor place, talked about lafayette's three visit to washington, d.c. the george washington university museum and text on museum hosted this hour-long event. >> hello, everyone. at the museumdays of the george washington university museum and textile

museum. i'm the curator here. the gw museum and textile museum has been open since 2015 and showcases global textile art and the washingtonian collection of more than 1000 historic prints, manuscripts and artifacts that document the history of washington, d.c. this series which has been going since the founding of the museum features a new speaker thi each week that talks about some aspect of d.c. history, art, architecture or one of our current exhibits. we invite you to grab a cup of coffee and learn about the city that we live in. this week, we are celebrity the opening of a new exhibition, eye of the bird, vision and use of d.c.'s past. this show brings historical washington to life with new paintings and related works from the small washingtonian in

collection. to bring context is mark hudson, executive director of tudor place, will be discussing lafayette's visit to washington from 1824 to 1825. for the past three years, mark hudson has had the privilege of serving as executive director of tudor place. during a career that has spanned nearly three decades, he has served as executive director of the vermont historical society, historical society of frederick county, maryland, and in various capacities at archives, research libraries in the midwest. he holds a ba degree in history of communication studies and graduate degrees in library science. he's pleased to be able to share his lifelong interest in american history through his work at museums and public programs like this. please join me in welcoming mark

hudson. [applause] mark: thank you. it is really gratifying to see somebody people show up at a noon lecture like this. you never know what you are going to get. the program i was leading at a library in vermont several years ago, and it was kind of a cold and icy night. the person who had invited me and his wife were there. and that was it. [laughter] mark: the introduction i got was, well, i guess we should go ahead and start. jackie, thank you for that. disclaimer before i start. i took spanish in high school and in college, so please no audible groans at my french pronunciations throughout the program. quotes --e lafayette

i was going to do a french accent. my wife told me last night though it is a strange combination of that they look -- i think i will do those this, with julie in the front row. i was motivated to do this presentation by the two birdseye paintings of washington, d .c. which is the centerpiece of the exhibition upstairs. if you have not seen those, please take the opportunity to see those. for over a year, i had the opportunity to visit peter in his studio as he labored over these works. peter is both an outstanding historian and a very talented painter. peter, i thank you very much for sharing with me both your inspiration and your anguish, as

you worked on these landmark works. you really made an an important contribution to the documentation of this place. with one of the paintings depicting the city in 1825, it was natural to explore lafayette's visit as a focal point. the painting provides an illustration of the city as it was at that time and helps us imagine what lafayette would have seen and experienced when he was here. i first became interested in lafayette's visit about 20 years ago. i was the newly appointed director of the historical society of frederick county in frederick, maryland. i arrived in that position as the county was embarking upon its 250th anniversary subdivision. the historical society's big part was the lafayette ball, a three creation of an event that occurred in -- three creation of 1824.nt in

it included the ball, book before the ball, it was a reception in which i portrayed lafayette's son and delivered toasts in memory of yet and washington. all i can say about that event is i'm really glad that people at the time did not have cameras on their cell phones. that event exists only in our memories. but, we got to talking about this experience, this tour that lafayette did in 1824 and 1825 v. visiting all 24 states. at each place, he was hailed like a rock star. they got us thinking about what if we did a concert t-shirt? that is what we did. this is lafayette's farewell tour with some of the tour date

s on it. i want that back. [laughter] mark: happy to share that for your enjoyment. between august 1824 and september 1825, lafayette spent 13 months in the u.s., logging thousands of miles and visiting each of the then 24 states. his travels included stops in new york, boston, fort smith, albany, trenton, princeton, philly -- baltimore, washington, mount vernon, richmond, savannah, montgomery, new orleans, baton rouge, nashville, cincinnati, pittsburgh, buffalo, rochester and rounded out the visit with stops at the end in maine and vermont. during his farewell tour, he visited washington three times. a short visit in october 1824,

an extended stay in december, january and february of 1824 and 1825, and again september 1825 as he prepared for his return to france. and washington, as in every city he visited, he was given a hero's welcome and in many cases mobbed in a manner that reminds me of those scenes in "a our night."'s almost like a rock star response. that is the inspiration behind the t-shirt. before discussing the specifics, it is important to know a little more about lafayette. understand why this event took place and why he had such celebrity status in a place thousands of miles from his home. heone buyer fo biographer put , belong in the old world and his spirit belonged in the new.

lafayette was born into an aristocratic family. by the way, if you google french baby, this is the image you get. he's holding a baguette. it's brilliant. into ano -- born aristocratic family in 1767, soldiering seemed to be in his genes as multiple ancestors were military men. 's father died during the 7 -- his father died during the seven years war. he was raised for a soldier's life, joining the black musketeers as a young teen. the death of his mother and grandmother in 1770 provided inheritance that made him one of the wealthiest men in europe. accordingly, he resided at the palace of luxembourg in paris

and later at versailles where he attended academy. his marriage to the daughter of a duke expanded his wealth and status. although, this was a marriage that was arranged by the parents, it really turned out to be a loving relationship, built with words of affection and devotion, some of which you will hear about later. he was just 17 when he and adrian were married. around this time, he became a freemason, as was his soon to be patriarchal friend george washington. it is through the masons that his passion for the american colonists were stirred as he was exposed to liberal thinkers with ideals of liberty and freedom. although now a captain in the royal dragoons, lafayette was convinced that gloria waited in an america -- glory awaited him in america. lafayette slipped away quietly

in 1777. so quietly that his own wife, now with a young child, learned of her husband's plans through letters she received after he was at sea. lafayette arrived in america in june of 1777. although the continental congress was taking a more cautious stance when engaging french military officers at this point, yet somehow was -- lafayette was somehow different. congress had its doubts about settling general george washington with a teenage french aristocrat, but then franklin wrote from paris that he might be of some use and what the hell? the price was right. congress expanded the 19-year-old as a major general. a couple months later, he distinguished himself by rallying troops under fire and taking a bullet in the leg at

the battle of brandywine. attending to the injured lafayette in the field was a staff officer named james monroe who will be become important to the story later. the injured french general was taken to philadelphia with orders by washington to treat him as if he were my son. throughout the war of independence, lafayette demonstrated his value to the cause through this capable leadership, his ability to follow orders, and above all else, his loyalty to george washington. the details of his military service in the revolution are subject of another day, but it is worth noting he played a crucial role in the ultimate defeat of cornwallis at the battle of yorktown. perhaps his most important contribution to the cause of american independence were his diplomatic efforts. convincing the french king, louis xvi, to send men, materials, and ships in aid.

lafayette returned to france after the fighting ceased as the hero of two worlds. he returned to america in 1784, visiting george washington at mount vernon and meeting his grandchildren, including martha custis who would later be the matriarch. he was granted citizenship and given honorary degrees, and truly was a heroes welcome but not the last time he would receive one in the u.s. back in france, a fiscal crisis was setting into motion events that would ultimately lead to the end of the monarchy and violent revolution. lafayette was appointed to the assembly of notable, or not ables, as it is often referred to, an elected as a representative in 1787. then it became the national assembly. he advocated for democratic ideals, presenting the declaration of the rights of man

and of the citizen which he drafted with the assistance of thomas jefferson. despite his recent approach, cooler heads did not prevail. the mob took over the streets of paris and stormed the bastille, he assumed command of the national guard and it is best to preserve order. despite his efforts, he protected the royal family will rule asking for reform and the reign of terror. for those in power, lafayette was too much a monarchist. for the monarchists, he was too radical. while escaping to seek refuge in the united states, he was captured by austrian troops that were at war with the revolutionary french. fearing he might promote revolution elsewhere in europe, they detained him and eventually imprisoned him in the fortress city in 1794.

he remained there under harsh conditions for three years. during the final two years, accompanied by his wife and daughters who had come to stay with him. all of this arranged through the intervention of u.s. minister to france james monroe. with the help of general napoleon, the lafayettes were released in 1897. refusing to pledge allegiance to the french government in power at that time, lafayette initially refused citizenship. an appeal to accept him and his family as exiles in america was politely refused at that time fo frail it would ruin relationship with the government. napoleon's rise to power then, lafayette was again granted french citizenship in 1900.

some of the property that was seized in the previous decade was returned to him. the following decade was one of white retreat -- of quiet retreat for lafayette. he mourned the death of his beloved wife who died. corresponded with jefferson and others in america. and engaged in agricultural pursuits just like his champion george washington had done at mount vernon. the following napoleon led to the restoration in france. during the decade following the restoration, lafayette continue to promote the ideals of the republic and supported the greek revolution of 1821, both of which were viewed unfavorably by the french king, louis xviii. he was able to promote his ideals as a member of the chamber, until corrupt forces changed the voting rules, forcing him out in 1823.

by 1824, he was a widower. he was in hot water with the king and removed of any political voice he had in the chamber of deputies. under these circumstances, lafayette welcomed the visitation to united states. out of the invitation come about for lafayette and why did it come at that moment? one answers lies of the circumstances. his friends in the u.s. understood his fortunes had changed for the worst and this was a good time for him to get away. and the u.s., nearly a half-century had passed since the first shots were fired. the generation that led the fight to independence was dwindling. lafayette being the last officer to serve under general washington, although i did find a newspaper lookout that said --

account that said they found someone who was 95 at that time. for our purposes, he was the last officer that served under washington. the nation was experiencing a .rief period of political calm the rera of good feelings. the dissolutions of the federalist party allowed james monroe, the man who assisted lafayette in the battlefield and during his imprisonment, to run virtually unopposed in the election of 1820. the young nation was growing and now included 24 states. the city of washington had recovered from the damage inflicted by the british in 1814. as peter's painting illustrates, the national capital was beginning to resemble the monumental city that washington had envisioned. in his annual address to

congress in 1823, president monroe warned the powers of europe that interference in the affairs of the nations of the western hemisphere would be viewed as the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition towards the united states. as thisoe doctrine, declaration came to be known, was specifically a warning to the nations of a holy alliance -- russia, prussia and austria -- that the nations of south america that achieved independence from spain and portugal were off-limits to them. the new nation had arrived and was willing to flex a little muscle. under these circumstances that lafayette, that congress passed a resolution honoring general lafayette and inviting him to visit the united states. it had been over 40 years since the victory at yorktown and four decade since the hero of two worlds had visited america. the young nation was inches to

share with him -- anxious to share with him what his service meant to the nation and to show what we have done with the place since he left. in extending the invitation, president monroe was careful to ensure the imitation was made by the citizens and not by the state. therefore, the congressional resolution. as a proponent of ideals, lafayette was viewed unfavorably by the monarch's powers of the holy alliance. munro could not inflame relations, who had already taken offense at the monroe doctrine. lafayette accepted the invitation and set sail on july 13, 1824. he was accompanied by his son, george washington lafayette, a hisonal valet, and auguste, personal secretary. fortunate he was a companion on his journey as his journal of the tour provided a detailed

account of their travel, recollections of the tributes and speeches that were made in honor of lafayette. most importantly, descriptions of the places they visited. this was published at the time as a two-volume journal. you can get it now as a one volume set that has been translated into english, thankfully for me. it really is a rich description of this 13 month tour. york on arrived in new august 15. this was really setting the standard for all other cities. the big apple pulled out all the stops, with parades and banquets, each of which featured emotional accolades of soldiers who had served with general lafayette. after visits to other cities in the state of new york, new england and the mid-atlantic, lafayette arrived in washington on october 12, 1824. he was met at the city limits by

municipal officials, soldiers and calvary who accompanied him to that part of the city. his journal, they traveled for an hour within the enclosure of the city until encountering a single dwelling. you can really see that in the painting, house so much of the development was clustered around the capital and the presidential home. they arrived at the heart of the city by passing through an archway at the market house. one of the interesting sources that was written in 1824 is john foster's sketches of the tour of general lafayette in which he described the moment of their arrival. the eastern front of the market house on east capitol street was formed into an arch and decorated with implementing devices. a living eagle who moved his wings at the moment the general

passed, as if stimulated by feelings of the light which animated all. at the capital, the party was met by 25 young ladies, aged nine to 14 years old who represented the 24 states and the district of columbia. in a newspaper article published 70 years later, attending the reception in the rotunda with her parents. the mayor of washington delivered an address and introduced colonel john cox, the mayor of georgetown, who extended in imitation to which lafayette replied, georgetown is an old friend of mine and i shall visited with pleasure. they proceeded down pennsylvania avenue to the presidents house. on this ride -- you can see in tworoute between the

buildings -- on this ride, we passed under the windows of some investors of the holy alliance. that was a triumph so beautiful, so pure, it was a phenomenon it could not comprehend. arriving at the president's house, he was apprised at its modesty and informality. he described it as a very simple house but in very good taste. remarking also that the entrance is defended by neither guards, ushers, nor insulin valets. -- insolent valets. upon entering, you notice with some relief that all were clad in a simple bluecoat without braids, embroidery, decorations. without all those childish ornaments in which so many fools heels in the palaces of europe. lafayette embraced his brothers. the president offered an

excellent nation on why lafayette would not be sleeping at the residence. likely another attempt on monroe's part to ensure his visit did not have the trappings of an official state visit, he said the people of washington lay claim to you. they say you are the nation's guest and that nobody other than themselves have the right to house you. it is a little bit like you have unwanted company and you say, wouldn't you be more comfortable down the street at the holiday inn? sources vary. he stayed primarily at the franklin hotel which was located on the northwest corner of 6th an pennsylvania? jackie will help with the research on this. that is now the location of the capital grille which is where my wife and i had our anniversary dinner. the following day, he visited columbia college, now the george

washington university which had just opened four years earlier. it was the fulfillment of george washington's dream of a national university in the federal district. it was located in an area called college hill, north of the white house. ago, ita short time contains as yet only a very small number of students. the choice of a director and a professor shows a brilliant future for it, but it has a rivalry in the proximity of georgetown college. fulfilling his promise to mayor cox, lafayette came to georgetown. after a tour on georgetown college, he called on tudor plac e. for those of you not familiar with tudor place, it was the home of martha custis peter, the granddaughter of martha washington. 1894.st met her in

she was only seven but did remember the event quite vividly. that peterific extended his painting beyond rock creek so we could make sure we included tudor place in that, so thank you for doing that. britanniaaughter described the moment of lafayette's arrival. he drove to tudor place in a private carriage. i can see the grand old man as he entered the door of the parlor. this is tudor place as it would have appeared at the time. the grand entrance coming in from our street. his dignified appearance making an impression on my mind, that which time could not a face. advancing to my mother, he tenderly embraced her. the meeting with whom ringing to his my recollections of former days when he had known her as a

, the guest of his everlasting friend george washington. before departing washington a few days later, lafayette accompanied by his son, dined at tudor place, the guest of martha peter. among those in attendance were captain william g. williams who was introduced to britannia's sister. apparently sparks flew between them as they were married two years later. in gratitude for their hospitality, lafayette presented to the peters an engraving of himself that hangs today in the same location as it did when the peter family lived at tudor place. while lafayette was attending receptions and other events throughout the city, toured the city and observations are worthy of note and serve as the fine companion to peter's paintings. gigantic scale,ck o

the plan cannot be drawn up for a century. only the capital to the president's house is inhabited and it has already formed a medium-sized town. you can see that here -- a concentration of homes and other buildings in that area. without his public monuments, one would take it for a newborn colony. he departed from washington to attend commemorations and your cat on the anniversary of the british defeat. he followed this up with other stops in virginia, including a visit to jefferson at monticello and medicine at montpelier before returning to washington in late november. he recounted his impression upon his return. we found the city very much more animated than before our departure. the number of foreigners and citizens from all parts of the union who assembled at the time

of the opening of the congress had flocked there at this time in very great numbers. still drawn by the desire to be there at the same time as the nation's guests and in order to witness the installation of the new president whom the people had elected that year. election.the 1824 unlike the uncontested election in 1820, the contest four years was one of the most bizarre in our nation's history. first of candidates, all, all of the candidates were from the same party and among two our candidates were members of monroe's candidate. ecretary of state john quincy adams and secretary of the treasury william crawford as well as the speaker of the house henry clay and the military jackson.rew crawford had suffered a year laterg stroke a but was proceeding all the same.

in the election, jackson had popular and the electoral vote, but with the vote split four ways, he didn't electoral votes needed for election and so for the second time in the young the house of ry, representatives would be picking the new president. it was under these circumstances that lafayette returned to the capitol to be first greeted by senate on december 9 and the house the following day. in the unanimous resolution of invitation to lafayette, the assurances ed that will be given to hill of the dprat tude and the profound espect that the chamber maintains for the imminent services that he rendered during he revolution and of the pleasure that it feels in seeing him again. invitation,to their lafayette addressed a joint session of congress being the to do that.ner speaker of the house enri clay rovided an emotional

introduction in which he acknowledges the changes the nation had seen since four tte's prior visit decades earlier. everywhere you must be struck by moral changes d which have taken place since you left us. itself which bears the name that is dear to you and inr to us was recently built the bosom. soil. that covered its lafayette returned the many with humility and gratitude noting his commitment found in als he had the revolution. fast sure, i can stand with head held high when it is solemnly declared that on each i have stayed faithful to american principals of liberty, equality and true to which i have been devoted since my youth and breath will y last be a sacred duty to me. gratitude for his service and

he personal ex-pen tours he made in the cause of american independence, congress granted $200,000 which is about $4.5 million in current 24,000 acres in northern florida. while in washington -- he never florida. while he was in washington, afayette was a guest of honor at the first graduation exercise at coma college. by president nied monroe, cabinet members, ongressman and the three seniors from the graduating class of that year. [laughter] during his winter stay in washington, lafayette ventured regions including his visit to frederick i referenced earlier. 29th and on the greeted at the jug bridge, this s the jug bridge crossing the river as you get into frederick

county. he was accompanied into town by and publicf military officials. he stayed at colonel john home on the courthouse square and was feted qwets and receptions before he went back to dinner hosted by congress. einforcing his belief in american democracy was lafayette's presence during the election of 1824. he was in the house chamber when election was settled on february 9, 1825 and john quincy adams, despite having fewer olar or electoral votes than jackson was elected. they were in attendance that vening at a white house reception. ensions reception. tensions were high as the guests awaited the arrival of the president-elect and they also campaign.t they recounted the mood in the entered.jackson my attentive ambulances were

to mr. alternatively dams and mr. jackson, i was curious to see how these two men who were rivals the preceding would approach each other. my wait was not long. each other, iced hey dashed toward each other, clasped hands and it was frank sincere. lafayette was in awe that they had managed the peaceful change leadership with each election and was surprised in the manner candidates four treated each other during such a contentious time. miss, e appears to however, is the effect he had on at that time.mood it was not lost and it was observed by the heat of

the discussion, spirits had arrived at a high degree of arrived hen lafayette on the american shore. hen adds if by magic, the electoral zeal was suddenly paralyzed. the newspapers which the day fighting furiously to clear the path to the presidency for their candidate choice immediately closed their long columns for the passionate discussion of the in order to open them only to the unanimous and national joy gratitude. acrimony from our political system forever -- [laughter] for a toure deported of the south and west continuing is tour of all 24 states by august. elieved of president monroe's apprehensions about having lafayette reside at the president's house, the new quincy adams n

hosted lafayette and his overnight guests. there was relief expressed upon adams noting during the contest, his dversaries would approach for aristocratic airs in the courts where he had been for many years. i was surprised upon arriving in washington city, i learned the president had not changed, the the icity of the servants, accessibility of the household did not appear to me to have least alteration. a farewell dinner hosted by resident adams was held on september 6, lafayette's 67th birthday. and toasts xchanged made in honor of the nation's guest. day, lafayette was militia units and

who garden on the banks to bid farewell. he expressed for the final time soil his deep affection saying god bless the of their eople, each states and the federal government. update outic farewell as an overflowing heart as will be its last throb when it ceases to beat. the steamboat mount ernon that took him to the mouth of the potomac where he a rded the brandi wipe, frigate that had been renamed. it the brandi wine in his honor. thoughtfully included

in this painting an event from year, this is actually the commissioning of wine in june of 1825. so this is the maiden voyage of take ip that would lafayette back to europe. never efore and perhaps since has a nation held such a ong and deliberate celebration for a foreign hero. a quarter century later in 1852, a similar eld reception for the father of who toured mocracy the country and was the second foreigner to address a joint congress. and while there are similarities between these events, nothing extent and the sincere emotion of lafayette's tour.phant farewell he returned to a hero's welcome

france. louis e was away, king xviii had died. member of the chamber of deputies, lafayette was outspoken against the despotic rule of the king and was seen as a when of the revolt parisians returned to the streets again in 1830. role in an important installing the more moderate ouis phillipp but through disillusions as the king grew more despotic. he died 1834, a decade after his triumph pant tour. president jackson ordered that the nation mourn in 35 years anner it had earlier at the death of george washington. john quincy adams delivered a eulogy and members of

congress wore black arm bands month. here is something really in ing, 100 years later 1934, americans commemorated the death with of his president roosevelt hosting the french ambassador as he eulogistic address congress.t session of lafayette is remembered in cities, streets, schools and a his honor.named in here in d.c., you find many course, there is lafayette square, the is an iece, of course, eque eque equest equestrian statue of andrew jackson. you can tte square, find this beautiful statue of lafayette. did a quick tour through the

museum of american history and mentions of him, xhibitions in the revolution you can pay place, a visit there and visitors are reminded of his visit of a print on the wall. this is a washington family punch bowl that was likely used, undoubtedly used when lafayette visited and if you have a eye in one of the upstairs bedrooms, you'll find there, of the cases up this luster ware pitcher. this is a whole another lecture of the commemorative items that visit and round this in commemoration of lafayette. one side of it is this transfer lafayette. on the other side is the wallis at the rn battle of yorktown. visitors to this museum

can see peter waddell's of the city iction uring the year of the triumphall visit in 1825. want to thank my friends here at the george washington university museum for inviting me to be part of the speaker series. again to peter waddell for allowing me a great deal of i could use the mages of your paintings and thank you also to c-span for sharing this story with your viewing audience and i want to all of you for your attendance here today. few minutes ve a for any questions that people might have. [applause] mark: thank you. speak english e as well as french? ark: he did not when he first left france in 1777.

lot of the time that he spent he was hip coming over, conversing with english-speaking it.le and began to learn and then through -- what i've he leftthat by the time relatively was fluent in english, so picked up on the language. learned it't, hadn't before he set sail for america. >> where is tudor place? question, thateat is almost a plant. tudor place, for those of you paid a visit to garden,redible historic it's in georgetown. it was the home of thomas and peters. lot of its legacy has to do with he relationship --

martha washington. the peter family who lived there of theood the importance collections they had, the estate where they lived. 1644, 31st street northwest. website, tudor place.org. not nt to encourage you just to see the lafayette items there, but as a way of gaining a better understanding of american history and of life here in the district of columbia in the nation's capitol. yes, you in the back, sir. interested, ht be the eagle that was on the arch to welcomed lafayette

washington, d.c. was also at the playing of the cornerstone of monument in 1848 madison and mrs. hamilton was also there. it was recorded it was there and the same eagle. >> and did it flap its wings at the appropriate moment? probably not, probably not recorded. any other questions? i have a couple questions

>> the foreground seems to be higher. > do you know why did the congress give lafayette all of florida.eage in >> i don't know why it was specifically where it was. it was somewhere near tallahassee or in leon county in why they chose that probably, somebody was just willing to give it. was that he would and a gentleman

farmer. both the land and the cash that him was in en recognition of the fact, he had lot of his own money. he paid for the ship that to ght him and others here begin with in 1977. he was paying for the outfitting of his own units and in the meantime, his fortunes had revolution, he had lost most of the property and he previously had. i think there was a sense kind owe the guy. hy they chose that particular amount and why that particular just whatink was more was available. there was some debate on the floor of congress when they were money, whether it was appropriate.

no one was questioning whether he was deserving of it. was it appropriate, this might sent a bad precedent. is no precedent for lafayette if you think about it. if you would mention who you are you're working on, come on up. good afternoon, everybody, the founder and director of the lafayette trail tour of 1824-1825. i would like to start by telling iu i disagree with your wife, don't think you sound at all lepew.epe second of all, i don't know where you can find a photo of a french baby. i did not look like that when i was a kid. [laughter] to work for the french consulate in boston. my work there, my

roject was endorsed by the president of france. in april he was invited by donald trump for the state visit, the first state visit of the trump administration. accident that it's a french president that was invited first. him and i traveled to capitol. house and the i was there when he addressed a joint session of congress there. this is a mission to emphasize the strong connections between america.d i go all over the country, i more than 8,000 miles in my car in less than three months. i have been to st. louis, i go country, i have added 395 spots that lafayette did in this country and i'm not through to give you an idea. so many pundits in this country including mark that shed some light on the of lafayette in specific areas, of course, here in

washington, d.c., it was can imagine. you i was really honored to be at the white house and the capitol tour of lafayette is as much an institution of government as it is about the people in this country. a great honor on a daily basis to go all over the country aremeet with americans that as passionate about french american history and really of eciated dedication lafayette. a daily s, i just on basis, i'm amazed by the point of generosity and affection by american people toward the project and it's a pleasure to the re and emphasize connections between our two countries that have lasted for so long. area and doing the research for washington. will go to where mark has xtended an invitation, i will gladly to go there. i would like to finish an anecdote that i love about you permit d.c. if me, august 6, 1825, lafayette

eft washington and went to see james monroe at his mansion in virginia. they traveled with john quincy on the turnpike and they had to pay because it's a turnpike, ok. quincy adams goes on the turnpike, ok, and he pays and says mr. entleman president, many president, short.11 cents he opens the carriage and sees lafayette inside and he goes, he see oh, i'm sorry i didn't the nation's guest in the caring, i'm not going to make adams and john quincy goes, well, it's a private tour, we're going to see former his country roe to estate, so he has to pay, end of the story, sir, in any other of the in the presence head of state, lafayette would not have had to pay, but in the he has to pay. thank you for giving me the explain the o project and thank you everyone for turning out. it's been a great lecture. pplause

how we roll in the u.s. [laughter] >> i have a question. >> for me? >> yes. did the tour develop? how did they decide where they tour?going, the original >> originally they wanted to go states. there was too much of a success lafayette ally extended the trip to the 24 tates going as far as west as st. louis, missouri and as far as south as louisiana, but goingally he was actually to stay within washington and the area, visit the 13 colonies it got extended because he as overwhelmed with all of his invitations from the western states. invited?e he was >> yes. obligation to do that and one of the sources that

i read said is when they came ack in november of 1824, the mail had piled up and included mong that were a lot of invitations to visit every city, and he tried to every one of the invitations he received. there was a story, i think it new york, they had some problems with their ransportation and they arrived really late in the night and they decided initially, well, we're just going to go back to lodging, thank you very much planned for you've us, and the crowd almost rioted these beautiful displays and speeches that they and things like that. he tried to be very gracious and invitationsl of the

even though had to be exhausting that.through thank you. >> are you going to build a is that lafayette or what your deal is? >> yes. e're working with the state legislature in different states, a few y, massachusetts eeks ago that designates the western most part of the ommonwealth that lafayette raveled there as the lafayette trail. i'm working in new hampshire, virginia as well. 2024 is the by centennial of lafayette's tour. in mind.at you might know as well, in a few eeks now, we will celebrate in france the 100th anniversary of the end of world war i. connection afayette there. there was a lafayette in france there is actually a church called the american

church in france and inside they a stained glass window depicting mr. pershing and mr. important the ow ofiance is because the award one victory. a lot of connections, lafayette, have heard you may the sentence that mr. stanton lafayette grave of in 1917 on the fourth of july. macron to president give him a report on the lafayette trail ahead of the president of the united states because, of ourse, it's a milestone of our bilateral relationship. i would like to finish this real quick. george at to be back at washington university one more time. i was last time here with the a completely it's environment now. great to be back. >> thank you all. thank you. appreciate it. [applause]

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university of massachusetts amherst professor traci parker talks about the lunch sit-ins as part of the civil rights movement. they hope to bring about change for african-american consumers. her class compares social activism then and now and explores the role of social media. this class runs 70 and its. runs 70 minutes. prof. parker: we talked about jim crow on modes of public transportation. we touched on the integration of schools. another major site of conflict the partsonflict were stores, counters. these places were most visibly highlighted because of