ok. thank you for your attention. i appreciate it. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2019] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] learn more about the people and events that shaped the civil war and reconstruction every saturday at 6:00 p.m. eastern on "american history tv" here on c-span3. pasadena,stadium in california host the oldest postseason game, the rose bowl, hold every january 1. it caps off new year's celebrations which begin with the rose parade in the morning. join us as we visit the tournament house where the planning for the tradition takes place. [applause] ♪

♪ really knownna is for the rose parade and rose bowl game and has established the identity for the community over the years. the parade goes back to 1890. at that time it was boosterism to let the world know we had these flowers and citrus growing in the winter months in southern california where the sun was out and temperatures were temperate while the rest of the country and midwest and north was under snow. over the years people only know pasadena because they have seen the rose parade or because they have seen the rose bowl. welcome to tournament house. it is the wrigley mansion owned by the wrigleys purchased in 1914 but for now let's talk about where it began. we just had our 130th rose

parade. 1890irst was in january 1, , and started with the valley hunt club, literally three blocks down the street, and it is the oldest unit in the equestrians because it has been in every one quite literally. we never do the parade on sunday because in 1893 it fell on a sunday so we decided to hold the parade on the 2nd. if we don't march on the good lord's day, the good lord won't rain on our parade. actually it was in the days when you would take your choices -- your horses to church on colorado boulevard. they would be hitched up and tournament organizers were afraid they would be spooked by the noise and commotion. the parade was a horse-drawn carriage affair until the early 1900s, then that floats developed into bigger and bigger

and bigger things to where we are now floats that are 100 feet long that can go 40, 50 feet in the air. this is the place where we do all of our planning for the parade. in each of thek rooms of the wrigley mansion. it was her just by the wrigleys in 1914 -- purchased by the wrigleys in 1914. 2000 squareedrooms, feet of closet space. this is a long story because mrs. wrigley and mr. wrigley bought it in 1914. she thought it was her parade. she had a chair upstairs to watch the parade. she got ill in the 1940's and in 1958, she died. her family decided to put it in the hands of pasadena. city theeys gave the

house with the proviso it would be forever the headquarters of the tournament of roses. david: when you look at the rose parade, there are three major aspects, the floral floats, the incredible marching bands that come from across the country, and we have equestrian units. as you look at the tradition of the parade, we want to maintain that historical perspective in those components that make up our parade. when you talk about the cost of the parade, it is not cheap. it is very expensive to put this on. the tournament partners with the asy, and we split the cost it comes to putting on the parade. pay for half of those. the city pays for the other half. security is the cost fastest rising. we try to secure our 5.5 mile parade route with other incidents around the world, we

want to make sure it is safe and people come with families and have a good time. the costs are covered by the entry fees of putting a float in the parade or unit. we have major sponsors, and we do a lot of events through the year to generate revenue and allow us to put on the parade. the parade generates a strong impact for the southern california region. we did a study completed early this year for our come -- for our 2018 parade and direct economic impact is over $200 million. we are generating that annually for southern california. obviously pasadena gets a good share of that. often with our game and other events, we are utilizing downtown los angeles, things in orange county and other things throughout the region. generate a lot of

economic activity for this region at a time that is slow. travel over holiday has been completed, you are on coming up to new year's day so it is good to have this economic activity. [applause] come up to the second floor. i want to show you this silver trophy. it is the extraordinary trophy that was of all things won by a woman in 1915 and 1916, isabella coleman, who was still in business building floats when i 1927. in take a look at this float, indicative of early floats. it is a wagon bedecked in flowers. looking over here, that is the kind of change in float building an championed.

that is not different from what we do today except there are larger, grander, heavier than that. looking at these trophies we have collected, we have two archives, one of which is upstairs which has all sorts of things. these are trophies that have been given to the tournament of roses people have found in their garages or addicts over time -- or attics over time. there are five bedrooms that look like offices. this is the first, which we call the grand marshall's room. on variousre i meet and sundry committees. i think i have been in here for entries, small parade operations, but as you look around, we have had a large number of grand marshals.

what is interesting is today the president, laura farber, is the one who will pick the grand marshal. it is one of the most best-kept secrets in the world. i have never known ahead of time who the grand marshall will be. we have dignitaries. of course we have got the best one is the fellow up here, dr. francis rawlins, 1996 and other parades. we have shirley temple, the grand marshall in 1939. she was also the grand marshall 75th rose bowl game and again in 1999 when the theme, which is picked by the of thent, was echoes century. we have had a number of dignitaries. we have had supreme court justices. if i can find it, here is earl

warren. that is the last time it rained in the parade until 2006 when our grand marshall was sandra day o'connor, another sitting justice on the supreme court. we have a rule, not written but stated, we will never have a sitting supreme court justice as grand marshal. here is richard nixon, the first of two times he was a grand marshall area this is when he was a senator. we will see gerald ford and some were buried in here is a guy named ronald reagan when he was governor of california. ,f we look above, we will see we don't always have living grand marshals. mouse,the frog, mickey we had solely sullenberger who landed the plane in the hudson river several years ago. that brings us to the time when we should go out and take a look

in the queen courtroom to talk about the rose queens. but stick a look at the portrait on the wall of the 2019 queen -- let's take a look at the portrait on the wall of the 2019 between of the parade. this is queen louise. that is the way we refer to the first, just queen and the name, same with our princesses. the crown is worth about $180,000. it is as i say a bazillion mickey moto pearls. it is given by mickey moto each year and stays with mickey moto. the one i like the most is the one down here, second row. queen'se 1939 rose crown. what is interesting, she got to take it home because it breaks down into brooches, pins for the blouse, and bracelets.

we are now going to step into a room that is not used at all for actually planning the parade but rather for the rose court. this is the room in which the queen and her six princesses 150ered to prepare for the events they have had so far this year. maybe i should tell you a little bit about how we name the rose queen. about 750,000 young women, have to be at least 17, no more than 21, in the surrounding pasadena community, come in for interviews and they are extensive, four processes and we wind up with 35 and get down to seven which we take out for retreat or you can really tell the queen as she is the one that bubbles to the top as the leader. we have interesting queens.

1940 queen who is forl alive and comes down two events every year. she comes down for the coronation in november, and she comes down for the queens luncheon in december. because she is a 1940 queen, she has met every single one of the 101 queens. pasadena is an incredible community with a lot of volunteerism. the spirit is huge. this is a volunteer driven organization. everything we do is at the initiation of volunteers and is facilitated by our staff. we don't have a large staff that event-- a large volunteer because everything is volunteer driven. volunteerism is a function of the people that live

in this community, those that want to be engaged and give back, not sit back but actively participate because you get more out of a community if you are involved and giving back as opposed to being an onlooker or bystander. i say that is one of the reasons year in and year out we get so many people that apply. the first requirement of course if you have got to give up your new year's. you can't like to go out and party because it will not happen for the most part with our organization. you also have to be someone in the spirit of public giving and community connectedness. the interesting thing about us as well on the volunteer site is we take a variety of people so in the first six years you are doing the same thing as the other volunteer. it is the ultimate equalizer. i have a bankruptcy judge, a

doctor, business person, teacher, dentist, i am a lawyer, we all roll up our sleeves and do the same stuff. there is something about this organization that entices people to want to volunteer. it is because of what we've present, american new year's celebration. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2019] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] announcer 1: our cities tour staff recently traveled to pasadena, california. learn more about pasadena and other stops at c-span.org/cities tour. you are learning american history -- you are watching "american history tv" all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. announcer 2: nancy brown talks in thehe aids crisis 1980's. she describes how those with aids often faced discrimination

in housing, jobs and seeking medical treatment. she outlined some of the protections later provided in the americans with disabilities act. this 12 minute interview was recorded in chicago at the american historical association annual meeting. >> nancy brown, when did aids ise to the national consciousness? >> it first came to public a few on in 1981 with articles in the "new york times" and other places. there were reports of homosexual men who had some strange types of cancer and pneumonia. a few more ere reports and at the end of 1982, reports that it had been seen in infants and also there was some discussion about in the blood bank. 1913 was really the big year and was in the headlines that was the year that the real phob