we will usually make an original surrogate. >> we are happy to make these artifacts and materials available to any researchers, whether they want to take photographs and look at it or if they are a devoted researcher, looking to take the most minute measurements and photographs possible. we are here to help and make these materials available. >> you can learn more about the collections, library and museum by visiting army war college.edu. you can watch this and all other american artifact programs on -span.org/history.

>> computing company ibm has been in rochester, minnesota since the 1950's. coming up, we'll take you inside the facility to learn about the innovations that happened here that have an impact on your lives everyday. >> back in 1956, rochester was a city of about 30,000 people and have the mayo clinic. business leaders in town put together a group to look at how can we attract new business to rochester? at the same time, ibm was looking for a midwest location for expansion. >> i think we picked the site because it's within 300 miles of the center of our market and our people think that it's the nicest town within that 300 mile radius for the location of the ibm plant. we found unusually fine recreational facilities here, unusually fine educational facilities, and i think unusually fine people. >> so ibm broke ground for this

rochester campus in 1956. our original mission was manufacturing. we manufactured punchcard products, colaters, and tabulators. the company began to grow after five years of manufacturing. we started a development lab in rochester in 1961 and started developing ibm products in addition to manufacturing. that was a big step forward for the team here and brought in additional skills and talent and helped aid growth locally. we don't have ibm products in our pocket like consumer electronics. it's not always as visible to people day in and day out. but much of the world runs on ibm, ibm mainframes, ibmi, ibm power systems run much of the world's business. when you make a credit card transaction, that's more than likely, 90% chance or higher is running on an ibm system.

and a lot of the infrastructure of the world runs on ibm. ♪ >> ibm is an 108-year-old company, which i think is an amazing feat in this industry, that not only have we survived 108 years, but we've thrived. ♪ >> thomas watson senior was our founder of ibm back in 1911. ibm stands for international usiness machines, and it's all about supporting business and making business more productive. back when ibm was founded, we were making meat scales, simple tabulating machines, clocks, so we've come a long way. ibm has expanded over time. we were a new york-based company. a lot of our business was customers along the east coast of the united states. one of thomas watson senior's early visions was, and why he called us international business machines, was that he wanted to

be a global company. that's expanding within the u.s., but also around the globe. that was different for a lot of companies back then. >> this gentleman is system three, a computer for the businessman who never thought he could afford one. >> 1969, we introduced the system three, the first fully developed system for ibm. >> system three can give you the answers in minutes. any information that provides these answers begins right here in one place, on these new system three punchcards. >> that was done here completely in rochester, and that system was a midrange system meant for mall business. it was a part of the marketplace ibm wasn't supporting at the time, and it made computers available to smaller businesses who couldn't afford a big mainframe or ibm 360. that has been our legacy over

time, the midrange computer systems from the system three the system 32, 34, 38, and the as/400 and beyond. now ibmi. the announcement of the as/400 in 1988 was one of the biggest days in ibm rochester history. it was the largest simultaneous announcement of the computer industry. we had business partners that announced the same day, 1000 applications that can run on the as/400. that is a really important part of its success, this integrated system that was ready to run customer applications. [applause] >> thank you all. >> so another big event in ibm rochester history was when we want the malcolm baldrige award in 1990. >> let me start with ibm at rochester, a company that proved quality, coupled with employee training and education, is simply good business. >> our work on the as/400 really

helped lead to us winning that award. we were really proud to represent ibm as a whole and win that award win in 1990. >> ibm rochester has a strong history of supporting supercomputers. if you remember, a supercomputer in 1997 beat the world chessmaster in chess, it was called deep blue. locally, in 2002, we started partnering with ibm research. and with the u.s. department of energy on a system called blue gene. we started the development of that with the intent to make a system 10 times faster than the latest supercomputer, which was a japanese machine. in 2004, we came out with blue gene. that legacy continues today and, in fact, last year in 2018, teams here in rochester helped develop and deliver and continues to support a summit in sierra, which is the number one and number two supercomputers in the world.

they're with the department of energy. summit does 200 quadrillion transactions a second, which is really hard to comprehend. if you compare that to our first product we were manufacturing, one of the collating machines that did four cards per second, technology has come a long way. supercomputing is a way for us to continue to advance the technology. it's really deep technical work our team loves to do. we are very proud of having the number one and number two supercomputers in the world right now. so, our legacy in ibm rochester is hardware development and manufacturing. ibm's business has transformed and we are now a cloud company, an ai company, and a security company. while hardware is still important, our company has evolved into many other areas.

and our site here has evolved and reinvented itself many times over the years. and now we have a hybrid cloud team, a watson health team, a finance center. we still do hardware development, which is important for us. we have a patent center. we're a diverse site. while were proud of manufacturing and developing history, we're strategic for ibm in the future and have evolved as a location. >> rochester, minnesota is one of many cities we toured to explore the american story. to watch more of our visit to rochester and other cities, go to c-span.org/citiestour. you're watching american history tv. all weekend, every weekend on c-span 3. next on lectures in history, american university professor w. joseph campbell teaches a class on the myths about william

randolph hearst, yellow journalism and the leadup to the spanish-american war. hearstnks the tale that his class is about 50 minutes. >> good morning. welcome. today we are going to talk about one of the most tenacious media myths in american journalism. it revolves around the suppose he had vow of william randolph hearst to furnish the war with spain at the end of the 19th century. this has been over the years an all-purpose media antic donato. useful in describing any number f media sins and shortcomings, including the