other acts of violence, anti-immigrant riots before the civil war, in the 1880's. there have been a lot of moments in american history when the anti-immigrant sentiment has been translated into true ugliness. 8:00tched sunday night at eastern on c-span's q&a. toledo, ohio, is known as the glass capital of the world. next, we learned about edward libbey and his role in turning toledo into the glass city. the classis known as capital of the world. 1888,mpany came here in came out of these tertiary companies that have built this economy of glass in toledo.

we are standing in the glass pavilion. thepurpose is to showcase glass collection, which is one of the significant parts of our collection. it is almost a third of the overall collection in toledo. it is one of the larger collections of glass in the u.s. the city has a wonderful history of glass in terms of the industrial contributions in toledo and in terms of what the museum presents. edward libbey was our founder. the libby founder of glass company. it is through that he made his fortune. because he and his wife had no children, he left that 14 to the museum. he also gave us a large glass collection and paintings collection. in 1854.bbey was born the new england last company

inch was a precursor started 1818. forfather became the agent the new england glass company in 1872. he learned the glass business from his father. in 1883, his father passed away unexpectedly. he took over the business. -- brought the libby glass company here to toledo. sand was high silicon us available. the businessmen of toledo gave factory ase for the well as sites for his workers to build houses. once they were in toledo, if altered a bit. the workers were unhappy because they do not have their family

around. it was not a highly developed area, so all of the amenities they were used to in the boston area were not available in toledo. he lost a bunch of workers. he went to west virginia to recruit more workers. not only did he recruit the workers he needed, but he also recruited michael owens. factory,wens ran the and libby was the one who led the marketing. he was able to go to the world's fair in order to put the libby glass company on the international stage. the place where he did that first was the 1893 chicago world's fair. glass furnace and from soup to nuts

they could see glass being made shophen stop at a gift and purchase some glass. not only did they have the opportunity to see glass being made, they also were able to see this wonderful novelty that nobody had seen before, which was the glass dress. they got this technology where you spun glass threads very thin. then you can stretch it until the point it is the thickness of a threat. they pulled all of these threats, and they welded into fabric. into ade this fabric dress that could be worn. it is a phenomenal dress. we are in front of one of the best known works in our collection. it almost needs no intervention.

this is known as the libby punch pulled. 1904 for the world's fair happening in st. louis that year. often companies would make really grand works for the fair as a way of showcasing their greatest abilities and what they could really do. a piece of cut glass. it would have been blown as a blank without any decoration on it. the glassblowers would have then passed it off to the cutters, and that would go through several stages of cutting where you first rough out a design and then go in and make these deep cuts and precise. the wonderful thing about cut class is it has this brilliant look to it. when the light shines on it, it

reflects and refracts and makes this beautiful brilliant look. >> the type of glass libby was making at that time was brilliant cut glass. it is what you think of as that designavy and sparkly that just looks like diamonds. until the 1920's was the era of brilliant cut glass. that was the time libby was wares.ng his they were sold in jewelry stores , and there were catalogs people could pick out what pattern they backd, and orders would go to the factory. as time went on, he changed what they created.

there were still a few high-end things that were handblown and hand cut, but they quickly switched over to things that would make a profit and keep the company going. mechanizeduch more during that time in between the death of edward libbey in 1925 and the start of world war ii. when you think about glass in is because the libby glass company was the kernel .hat grew out owensw out of michael inventions for the automatic bottle machine company. the libby glass company comes a flat glass company.

there is fiberglass. fiberglass was another way to use class in an industrial setting. it was not just the libby glass company. it was all of these other glass companies that came from that one company in 1888. toledo has a long history of glassmaking. in the 1960's, a series of workshops were spearheaded by a ceramics professor. this is the work by what we would call pioneers of the early studio glass movement. toledo as a city and as the museum played an important role in this watershed moment in the history of studio glass, which really takes us back to the early 1960's. 1962, there was a man who

tossed ceramic at the university of wisconsin madison who really wanted to experiment with glass. he was a director at the toledo museum. he worked to initiate a series of workshops. the first one happened in march of 1962. and inviteda letter them to participate in a glassblowing workshop. they came here and set up a furnace. they did not know how to melt glass. scientistto a local who worked at a company called john's man. they began to experiment. there was a retired glassblower became in and helped them get the hang of what one does with a

blowpipe. theselew things like three objects you see laying on the deck. they might look limited, but the idea was these people were experimenting with glassmaking. develop ald go on to sophisticated body of work. other artists were also making and 1970's. 1960's when harvey had these workshops, he had this successful moment experimenting with glass. he returned to his campus in wisconsin and set up the first university program in the company test country for teaching glassblowing. others would follow. see the focus on the traditional glass form like the vessel, but you also see this tremendous range in which people are working today.

the possibilities with glass just exploded in the last 50 to 60 years. industry has diversified. however, the days is still here. we still love libby glass. this beautiful glass pavilion is very much a monument to the marriage of industry and beauty. it is a wonderful testament to and thato history fundamental history of glass. staff cities tour recently traveled to toledo, ohio, to learn about its history. to learn more about toledo and other stops on our tour, visit c-span.org. watching american history tv, all weekend, every .eekend on c-span3

>> power in washington is like crack cocaine. on it and have it, you don't want to give it up. to stopd do anything someone who is going to take your power away from you. eastern, at 9:00 p.m. in his latest book, witchhunt, greg jarrett offers his thoughts on the mueller report and the investigation of russian interference into the 2016 election. robert mueller should have never been special counsel. he was a fact witness. he was not honest with the president. he did not say to the president, i have agreed to be a special counsel to investigate you. he was not forthright. he was not honest and truthful to the president, which is unconscionable. night at 9:00day

eastern on book tv on c-span2. uss thresher was a nuclear powered submarine that broke up underwater on april 10, 1973. all in hundred 29 people on board died. next, a ceremony at arlington national cemetery. speakers include the former chief of naval operations, john richardson, thomas wiley, and u.s. senator jeanne shaheen. ♪ >> will the guests please rise for the national anthem and remain standing through the invocation.