factories have closed in the last two years, many of them going out of the country. many of them going out of the country. so if we lift the standards up for everyone, we have a better shot of having a better deal for america's working families, and that's why we're there. we're there for america's working families. i voted for nafta. i had any disappointments about it. i didn't want this just to be nafta-plus a little bit. i wanted it to be structurely different in terms of who benefits starting with american workers. so i'm happy about it and impeachment has nothing do do with p, it only has to do with our ooccoming to agreement and terms as far as the house of representatives is concerned. i have business on the floor.rnc i'm going to have to excuse e ar myself. thank you very much.e us abou

>> we're going talk about the 2020 election with david beckert who's the co-founder ander executive director of the center for election and innovation research. tell us about the work they do. >> we were founded in 2016 after i worked for several years in te pew team.conven before that i was enforcing federal voting laws.oninno we work to ensure the security of the overall election in the : united states and work to improve access for all voters. >> you're a dottering, so you'r. a nonprofit. how were you founded? >> by foundations and other est: donors. we are completely nonpart sarn w andha nonprofit. >> looking back to the 2016 b election, what's the biggest lesson that youou personally an your group learned from that? >> i think what we've learned, o

that have re facts been presented by both parties,e the senate intelligence sp committee,osal. burr and warner foreign adversaries are going to try and undermine us. they're going to try to attack our election infrastructure. they attacked the illinois data base. they attempted spear spanishifi attempts. they're also going to flood social media with disinformation trying to make us think that wev cannot trust our votes aree gog to be counted, that they matter. they're going to try to widen conditions among us.have i think the senate intelligence committee hasor other concluded russia was successful in that. >> 2016 couldn't have been the first year that russia or otherm tried to tangle and mess with our elections nationwide. how did it become such a turning

point? >> this comes from largely what the senate intelligence committee and mural report and others have concluded, it's likely they dipped their toes in the waters before, but of course we're at 2016 whee're at the hi point of social media use. people were siloing their news consumption with people they ssa agreed with.gn and we were really ripe for the divisiveness that russia pushed in 2016. there's also substantial evidence that russia specifically wanted to help donald trump's campaign and hurt secretary clinton's cane, and that cameme from the senate intelligence committee report. >> is among your concerns that just the mere threat or presence of tampering with elections is keepsex voter turnout, would ke it down?ant >> that's a hugeci concern. dem i think there's good evidence that that's exactly what russiat and our other adversaries want. they want citizens of our ha

democracy and prapz others aroundt cilose fai the world toa confidence thatcies their votes matter and count and they can trust the outcomes.we are s the more that citizens of democracy lose faith in that democracy, the more autocracies. like russia can fill the vacuum. >> david becker, we're talking a about election securityts particularly looking ahead to 2020. welcome your calls and comments, you can also text us. that is 20208773'm moving forward heading into 2020, how confident are you tham serious changes are improvemente have beenr made in election security nationwide? >> i'm pretty confident. there's been a remarkable d response from election officials and even mo others to further sl ballot.

i think it's fair to say 2018 was the most secure we'd had and 2020 will be even more secure. for instance paper ballots are important for vote security, i election security.e. we had about 75% of voters voting on paper in 2016. we'll be up to around 90% in s. 2020. that includes every battleground straight, florida, north more carolina, ohio, michigan, new mexico, nevada, zblairs arizonah all paper ballots. the second part is more and more are being audited than ever ly before. we're seeing audits to make sure the machine counts were accurate to confirm that. and then lastly we're seeing $20 some funds m getting to the stas to help them with additional cat cybersecurity. $380 million last year went to the p states, another $250 milln is going too bebe appropriated to hich s the states.

there needs to be more, more resources. this problem is not going to goe away. >> which state do you thinkbeca needs the most help right now that may be behind the curve in terms of improving their are t security? >> it's hard tothat a pick out state because so manyth have ma great improvement.ho but states that lack paper ballots are potentially the most vulnerable. many as anybody. >> aside from things like the famous 2000 hanging chads in adh florida, what are the potential downfalls for paper ballots? >> one of the problems with paper ballots marked by hand, there can be challenges in reading those at times and divining voter intent. some jurisdictions are moving to ballot marking devices which are touch skrooenz that will mark it that can be confirmed and audited. they're also accessible for people with disables.

people that like to vote by male, hand marked are good. >> david becker is our guest. we look forward to your calls and comments on election security. hear how things are going in your state and locality as we head into 2020 and actually some elections happening nationwide. number of states in the coming week or so. let's go to michigan and hear from brian on the independent line. >> thanks. so i'm watching the democratic convention, i think podesta came out and first announced to the nation that russia had got into this server and caused so much trouble. the problem i had with that, and i worked intelligence in the navy, so i can discern certain things. problem i had with that is how quick the fbi made that assertion and then of course i find out a few days later it wasn't the fbi.

of course it was season henry. the president brought up lately having to do with crowdstrike. sean henry i'm not saying he's a bad person, but he is totally tied in with timothy gitener. there's so much conflicts here, what's going on, robert mueller who gave sean henry his last big promotion -- >> little off topic but any thoughts? >> i think one of the things we have to recognize in 2016 we were dealing with a relatively new challenge. we hadn't seen that. and i think it's clear that through parts of 2016 and into 2017, the federal government was trying to figure out how best to address this. it was pretty significant threat from adversaries. i think there's little question

that foreign adversaries were attacking campaigns. those were things we needed to address. one thing we can say, the department of homeland security has done a good job of coordinating efforts. that's one of the bright sides. that got off to a rocky start in the trump and obama administrations. now we're in better shape at least with regard to security tools. >> here's anna in chicago. go ahead. >> yeah. hi. i just wanted to say about the voter fraud thing, it's a local problem. i live here in chicago. you know, and i think most of the voter fraud is done by a legal immigrants. as they come into the country, they are given drivers licenses and they're told to go to the polls and vote. in 2016, we had 313 was the

actual number of illegal immigrants who were found voting for obama. i am a black american. i am sick and tired of this bull -- bs from the democrats. because what they're doing is harvesting votes from illegal immigrants and poor, ignorant blakds who live in chicago. i'm on my way to mccormic place now because trump is coming in. we have almost 400 people from my community who are going to support him. we used to be democrats. we are no longer democrats. democrats are ruining this country. and that's all i have to say. >> anna in chicago, david becker, let me ask you about that. you had mentioned russia. are there other countries we should be worried about in terms of nefarious action in our 2020 elebs? >> the intelligence community

have pointed to north korea, and china as potential actors. and as we rely more on social media and other avenues for our news, i think we can anticipate we'll see more of that. it highlights the bipartisan nature of this. we cannot say russia might have preferred president trump over secretary clinton but it might be that another country prefers the democrats over the republicans. that's why it's so important we address this as a bipartisan way. we don't know how adversaries might try to impact our elections. >> election security came up last week before the house judiciary committee. they heard from the representative from the election assistance commission. want to play you some of that. >> there are a number of responsibilities that election officials have, and i believe that the election assistance commission should be more empowered to work on those but the reality as i mentioned in my

opening statement is that we're a $7.95 million agency. we have one lawyer. we have one financial person for -- since its inception, we've been kicked around like a political football and we've never been empowered or funded in a way to actually help election officials in the way we can. i think right now in this time, we see the need for the federal clearing house that the eac was created to be. i would ask you all to help make that possible. >> david becker, from the election assistance commission saying that they'd been kicked around like a political football. >> i think it's one of the challenges, it's easy to look at election security or any as purely what's going to help my party or hurt the other. we're seeing that to some degree. the eac has had the challenge of

partisanship and polarization to deal with. we see that with dhs. one of the things we're seeing is there are people like commissioner hovland, people at dhs trying to depoliticalcize this. those are very -- efforts we should support because it's important to deplit zblooiz. >> you talked about funding -- specifically in 2018, the election assistance commission, $380 million, 41 states improved cybersecurity, 34 states purchased new voting equipment. you said that you thought by 2020, 90% may have a paper ballot? >> that's right. states like pennsylvania which previously had many, many voters voting on paperless, they're moving to all paper. georgia which had paperless throughout the state through

2018, they're moving to paper in time for 2020. we're seeing this in other states as well. south carolina for instance. it's unusual now for states to have paperless voting, and as states move to paper we're seeing better and better audits of that. we're going to have the most secure election in 2020 that we've ever had. we're going to have to be more secure than that in 2022 and 2024. >> isn't it the ultimate -- the national election, are there best practices, standards by which states can be held to account in terms of running their election? >> sure. although we always think of a national election every two or four years, we actually see thousands of little elections all around the country, not just the states, the counties and local that are often running elections. so it is important to spread best practices. and we're seeing more of that than ever before where groups are getting together, coordinated at the federal, at the state and at the local level

and sharing best practices, like paper, audits, cyberhygiene, strong passwords, multifactor authentication, to make sure no one who's not authorized can use it. those we're seeing more and more and election offices hire more skilled staff because of some of the resources coming in. we're going to need skilled i.t. staff. we're going to rely on technology more and more, and there is no system that's unhackable. >> here's robert portsmouth, virginia. >> good morning. with the possibility of deep state and the so-called back channels that the trump administration should have with russia, i mean, everybody knows how he's for vladimir putin,

what would that -- can he just -- back now and say if he knows the elected interference only going, or be tampered with, how are you going to back down and say, stop it? just stop it. -- no backbone in my president left whatsoever. >> you kind of faded out there, robert. sorry about that. david becker. >> i got the gist of the question. i think it's an important point, that there needs to be consequences for foreign adversaries that engage in this behavior who try to interfere and this is very, very serious. and i think that's honestly been the part that's been missing. we haven't seen leadership to deter our adversaries and prevent them from engaging in this behavior. certainly russia has paid virtually no cost if anything for what we know they did in 2016. and our adversaries need to be

dealt a set of consequences that make them think twice before they do this again. >> no other foreign adversaries has been held to account or otherwise chastised or had their funding limited because of any actions taken against the united states in elections? >> there have been talk of sanctions, but if you look at what's happened over the last several years with america somehow being, you know, focusing inwardly on its internal divisions and retreating from some places in the world, you don't have to look far to see in syria, the elevation of a country like russia and our retreat from the area. >> jerry, walnut, mississippi, go ahead. >> i live in north mississippi, and a lot of people around here got bumper stickers on their vehicles that says the russians

didn't make me vote for donald trump. hillary did. i think that makes a lot of sense to me. >> so i think it's a valid point. i think one of the things that's clear from the investigations that have gone on in the 2016 is the most heavily investigated in history, there's still no evidence that any votes were changed. i don't think we have a shred of evidence that anyone interfered with the technology to change the outcomes with how people intended to vote on election day. but there's a lot of evidence that the russians were involved in trying to influence americans prior to election day, on election day, and to get us to distrust the results when they happened. by all accounts, that is going to continue. >> what is your group the center for election research doing in terms of social media? >> we don't work so much in the social media.

we work a lot in however in disinformation as it relatsz to the voting process. you'll see for instance disinformation that might relate to where people vote, whether there are long lines or problems, whether machines are working properly, and we'll work with election officials in particular, republicans and democrats to get the word out and

november of 2020. and to further help educate voters in the media about the security in the elections, how they can fight back against potential foreign interference. >> and on georgia, this part of your piece in the atlanta general constitution opinion piece, you wrote only through add its of the human part of a readable audit we can be sure it was correct regardless of whether it was hand marked or by -- both must be audited to be secure and both are secure when audited. let's hear from robert platsburg in new york. welcome. >> good morning, gentlemen. thanks for taking my call. i have to agree with the lady that called a few calls back from illinois, and i happen to agree with her 100%. i think the problem is the democrats are actually making up these stories to interfere with our elections.

look at what's going on right now. and i'm so appalled about that. and i'm sick and tired of listening to it talk about this, and -- not something that we've done because i think the democrats have totally gone crazy off the deep end. >> we lost you there a little bit. we'll go to georgia in gonzalez, louisiana. >> good morning. i live in louisiana. and we having a runoff for our governor here. i want to know, do we have paper ballots in louisiana? >> louisiana is one of the very few remaining states that doesn't have paper ballots. they're trying to move to that point as soon as possible. i think it's unlikely to happen by 2020. but it's -- louisiana is one of only i think it might be the only remaining state that is entirely paperless at this point. >> and georgia, can you vote in advance there? >> we can do early voting, yes,

we can. >> okay. >> and i'm going to be out there. >> all right. appreciate that. now we go to georgia. let's hear from larry in sauf ana. >> thank you for taking my call. i'm for an i.d. card for everyone. it's amazing that no one protesters it regarding banking and buying alcohol and all those things, that requires an i.d. card. yet when it comes to voting, there was a huge outcry. if one of our citizens cannot afford an i.d. card i think maybe we can supplement one for them, help them buy one. the democrats just seem to can't get over losing the election. they're afraid president trump will win again so they're doing all they can to impeach him. the sad thing is they aren't doing anything for the american people. president trump has been able to

accomplish some of the things while being attacked in every way. i'm very pleased with the construction of the wall. the democrats hate it when the president supersedes the laws of our country and it's very sad. thank you for taking my call. >> david becker, talked about voter i.d. does your group look at that at all? >> we don't work in that area. a couple of things i want to say about the idea of voter i.d. and fraud. it's been study extensively by the bush justice department part-time while i was there. it was studied by president trump's election integrity commission after he came into office. and it's been studied by republican and democratic secretaries of state around the country. there remains zero evidence of any widespread fraud. i can tell you, it's one of those crimes there would be a lot of evidence of. you have a lot of evidence of people checking in, witnesses at the check-in table.

one of the ways we found recent fraud in north carolina, was because of the evidence that was there. it was not hard to find. that was not fraud committed by voters but fraud committed on voters. and i should say that also with regard to confirming the integrity of the vote, which is very, very important, there are states all around the kreend that do it in various ways. there are various ways to make sure the person who came in to vote is the right person. many states are using ways to do that. they also want to make sure they're not accidentally creating a barrier that an eligible voter can't get past. >> why do you think the notion of widespread voter fraud still exists in the u.s.? >> i think this goes back to what russia is trying to leverage against the american people. we have largely siloed ourselves into hearing media that agrees with us and validates our

position. people who are predisposed to believing voter fraud is losing elections or hacking, they're going to continue to believe that despite the evidence. you know, i don't think senator burr, a republican who chairs the senate intelligence committee has come to the conclusions that russia definitely interfered, i don't think he's someone who's trying to help the democrats in any kind of political way. but he and the lanking member, senator warner have come to the same conclusion about russian interferen interference. >> also ran the elections program for the pugh charitable trust, now the cofounder and executive director for innovation and research. we'll go to carol in norwich, new york, independent line. >> caller: i'm afraid you guys stole my thunder. i was going to ask a follow-up about the woman from chicago who

was about to go out to hear president trump speak. but she was very specific that there was something like 300 illegal immigrants that voted in chicago. my question was, what is the evidence that illegal immigrants do, in fact, vote and whether they do or do not have any impact on the elections? >> i think you talked about that a moment ago. question on text from lou. please ask mr. becker which he believes affected the 2016 election most, the election process, the electoral college, or foreign interference. >> it's really hard to weigh those things out. there's no question that russia did interfere. there's no question it had an impact. whether that impact changed the

minds of voters to vote for president trump or also quite likely getting people so fed up with the system and so distrustful of the system that they decided not to show up and vote. we don't know that it changed the outcome. it could have. it might not have. i think one of the real challenges in this space is we've got to get away from looking at these problems as only being related to getting the outcome we want. 40% of people today will not trust election results if their candidate loses. that reflects a real problem in our country. if we have foreign interference, it doesn't matter if it's affecting the outcome or not. it's an attack on our sovereignty and we've got to do something about it. >> working with the media and

voters and election officials trying to make sure voters have accurate information about the election process. one of the things i'd strongly advise is get out of your silo, listen to news media that might challenge you, that you might not agree with. if you're constantly hearing the drum beat that there's rampant voter fraud, try to get out of that silo and hear something else. the real story is a little more nuanced than that. >> caller: i think we should understand one thing. i think the guest is right. i think democrats did lost the election no matter how many points they got or not. but the point is, this president, he's not acting presidential. that is the problem. we are a country that people need to understand whether

you're a democrat or republican, our country comes first. being a president has a responsibility. those people who call in from chicago and saying there's illegal immigrants voting, it doesn't matter. you know the fact that illegal immigrants cannot vote in this country. the bottom line is we have to put our country first. this president, the reason that i'm against it, he involved putin. i'm very angry. i'm 65 years old. russia is our enemy no matter how you slice it. we need to protect our election. >> let's get one more call to robert in columbus, ohio, independent line. robert in columbus, go ahead. >> caller: i had a question. one is this stuff with the republicans and the democrats

and everything, i don't know whether to vote this year or not because of the way that everything's been going. seems like it doesn't matter who we vote for, they're going to put in office who they want to put in office. our thing is that the declaration of independence has been shot so many times that there's so many holes in it, they took a vow to stand for the constitutional rights and the declaration of independence but it seems like neither one of them wants to do it. >> robert in ohio. david becker, any final thoughts? >> what i'm hearing from the callers and a lot of people when i talk is real concern about the foreign interference, real concern of how it could possibly impact. what i get often asked is how can voters do something about this? outside of consuming news media that challenges you, the most important thing any voter can do

in the united states is to vote. where possible, vote earlier by mail. it's not just some poidea that it's good to vote. the more people who vote, the more likely we are to discover that because we have additional data points. early voting is now available to more voters than ever before. mail voting is now available to more voters than ever before. the more people that get out there and establish these data points by voting, the more likely we are to discover the interference and combat it. >> david becker is the cofounder and director at election.org. thank you. >> a live picture from capitol hill this morning where we are standing by to hear from house republican leaders.

just moments ago the house approved the rules for the impeachment investigation of president trump. the vote was 232-196. all democrats voted yay except for colin peterson and jeff van drew who voted no with all republicans. congressman amosh voted with the democrats. he's an independent. today spoeaker pelosi voted yes on the impeachment inquiry investigation. republican leaders expected to come out shortly to talk about the vote. live coverage set to start in just a moment.

again, we are waiting to hear from house republican leaders as the house just voted a short time ago. members voted to approve the rules for the investigation. following this briefing, we are also expecting to hear from house democrat leaders here on c-span 3. as we wait, though, a discussion on the boeing 737 max airliner.