thank you so much. [applause] learn more about the people and events that shape the civil war and reconstruction every saturday at 6:00 p.m. eastern only on american history tv here on c-span3. next, the c-span cities tour visits the carolina basketball museum to learn about the history of tar heel basketball, which dates back to 1910. ♪ [marching band playing] ♪ inthe basketball started 1910.

they won their first national championship in 1957 with an undefeated 32-0 season. we win, 54-53. north carolina wins the championship! >> they have won seven national championships, 18 acc championships, coaches of the year, olympians, and a lot of great nba players have come out of the nba. -- come out of the university of north carolina. 52 tar heel players have been drafted in the first round of the nba. there is great history in the college and professional level. >> go, heels! >> you are standing in the carolina basketball museum, which is in the building immediately adjacent to where the carolina men's basketball team plays its home games. the purpose is to tell the story of carolina basketball. dean smith, our legendary hall of fame basketball coach for 36 years. he had donated his entire collection of basketball memorabilia to the university.

which is quite expensive to the university. this basketball museum is sort of the one place that houses that history. we decided we wanted to start off with how the uniforms have evolved through the years. one of the things that people get a kick out of when they see the museum is the number 10 jersey, the national player of the year in 1957 when we won the national championship. people are stunned to see there is red in the carolina basketball jersey. frank maguire was the coach at the time and frank maguire was a real fashion plate out of new york city. he wanted to jazz up the uniforms, so he put red trim in and people were surprised. throughout the years, there is not much red in the carolina basketball uniforms. that is the color of one of our big rivals, nc state, so now our uniforms are blue-and-white and that is it. it came out of a couple literary societies at unc and one's colors were white and one's were

blue, so that is how it came about. north carolina basketball took off in the 1940's and 1950's and has become the top program in all of college sports, not just basketball. carolina basketball is a marquee program both in the atlantic coast conference and across the country. basketball has changed across the years and certainly the biggest change is with integration. back in 1910 it was all white teams. the first black basketball player in north carolina were charlie scott in 1966. he became a great player in the nba and is also a hall of famer. we had tremendous former black players. michael jordan, a lot of the great successors in north carolina have come from black players. it was certainly all in the form in 1910. when the acc was formed in 1953, that set in motion what is now known as acc basketball.

about four years into the acc carolina went 32-0, undefeated national champions, beat wilt chamberlain in triple overtime. that game changed college sports , it changed sports here at the university of north carolina, and it certainly change basketball in the acc. when north carolina one that national championship game, there were 10,000 people at the airport when they came back. it was the first televised game in the state of north carolina, the national championship game. so for a lot of reasons, it took off in the 1950's with that national championship team, some of the great tar heels from that team. from that, coach smith, dean smith began his program five years after that and became the winningest coach in college basketball history and is a legend in chapel hill. dean smith was our head basketball coach from 1961 to 1997. when he retired, he was the

winningest coach in basketball history. he helped the united states win back the gold medal in the olympics in 1976. play smart and play together. -- he won two national championships and bill take great championship. he does the carolina way of play hard, play smart, play together. all of the coaches that have come after coach smith, they all live by that idea. that is what coach smith lived by. this sort of grecian urn is sports illustrated sportsman of the year. it's one of the top awards in all of sports. that in 1997.e there is a great story about how we got the artifact exam. -- artifact for the museum. he listed on the inventory of items he donated, we could not find it so we looked everywhere,

in every closet, everywhere at the smith center, even at his house, and nobody could find it. somebody who visited his house five years earlier said, i think i know where that is. they went to the house, looked on top in the dining room of a cabinet and tucked in between two plants on top of this cabinet in his house was one of the most prestigious awards that is given in sports each year. the other when that is very prominent is the presidential medal of freedom that president obama bestowed upon coach smith several years ago. that is a photo of his family members, as well as coach guthridge" williams with michelle obama. they took tremendous pride in coach smith receiving at award. of all basketball awards it great, but the presidential medal of freedom is the growth -- presidential medal of freedom

is the most prestigious artifact in this museum. there are three players who have their own cases here at the carolina basketball museum -- phil ford, tyler hansbrough, and of course michael jordan, who many people believe, and we think here is the greatest basketball player of all time. michael was good enough to loan us several items from his collection. we also found some great artifacts in our own files of letters that coach smith sent to michael, things he wanted him to learn on, a recruiting card that coach smith kept on every player he recruited. first on the card, it is michael -- mike and not michael and his middle name is "magic." people did not know until they saw that card that in high school his nickname was "magic" jordan.

on the other side of the case we were very fortunate that michael was disco to his real chicago and pick out several items to put here in new cm. all-star game's. mvps, national player awards he one here and north carolina. one of the items was a was theng letter that most charge of our item because of the great respect that michael has for a coach and the duke program. it is certainly one of those pieces that people come in, they thereand they say why is a letter from duke university from the north carolina basketball team? they see it is a letter about his recruitment. michael is a great ambassador of the university of north carolina and one of the greatest players of all time, not just as a tar hill, but in all of basketball and in all of nba history. basketball is important not just at unc, but in this state, this region, certainly in our

community, and definitely on campus at unc. the acc has grown. it was called tobacco road because so many of the problems were based in north carolina. basketball is part of the culture. part of when you come to school north carolina. a lot of people that come here want to be part of north carolina's basketball, men's and women's basketball. athletics is important. it is not the primary reason people come to the school. getting a great education will always be the primary mission at unc. but basketball is part of that. it is part of life in the acc, and people take it seriously at north carolina. [cheering] >> i was cities tour staff traveled to chapel hill north carolina to learn about its rich history.

to watch more, visit c-span.org/cities tour. you are watching american history tv, all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. >> the impeachment of president trump. watch unfiltered coverage on c-span2, live as it happens, and same-day re-airs. atlow the process on demand c-span.org/impeachment, and listen on the go using the free c-span radio app. monday is martin luther king jr. day. here's a clip from our archival america."ies "reel spell outg, will you your conception of civil rights? prescribed byghts statute and constitution, and not which of those that go through the ordinary marketplace.

king: i would think as civil rights as those basic rights that are guaranteed by the thetitution on the basis of first and the 14th amendments. a distinctionis between social privilege on the one hand, and civil rights on the other. who will thing to say sit in my living room as a friend and as a guest. it is another thing to say who will sit beside me on the bus or in a public place. that point, a violation is a violation of civil rights. i think of the first instance i have the choice to determine who will be a guest in my house. i think all public facility should be open to all citizens without regards to race,

nationality or religion. it you include privately owned facilities to make those public? dr. king: yes, i would include privately owned facilities that andpublicly sustained dependent on the very fun -- public for their survival. of one's homeing again, but i am speaking of any business that is in the public market, and that is dependent on andpublic for its survival, also that is licensed by the state for its a very operation and existence. denied to there proprietor of the rights to select a portion of the public to whom he wishes to cater? it's on ayes, if basis of race. i think he are to have a right to keep drunk people out, or key who are not in a proper

disposition as far as their manners are concerned, but i do not think any proprietor should have the right to deny a person access to the facilities of his particular business because of race. i think a business should have rights, but he must also see that business is not only a right, it is a privilege and responsibility. heand if by such admission was to lose his white patronage is an go out of business, that would be acceptable in your view? dr. king: i don't think our nation can have all rise to its full maturity until its businesses have come to see that no individual should be denied service because of race. i do not think this will lead to ofass exodus on the part white customers. this is been demonstrated over and over again in the struggle for civil rights.

citizens, in fact, more than 275 citizens have integrated their lunch counters and other facilities since 1960. and on the whole, these increased inve terms of their income rather than decreased. this will continue to be true. do not think one should deny service to members of because there are some individuals who threatened to withdraw their services if the facilities are integrated. american history tv is on c-span3 every weekend. all of our programs are archived on our website at c-span.org/history. you can watch lectures and college classrooms. tours of historic sites, archival films and see our schedules of upcoming programs

at c-span.org/history. of 1979, ther soviet union invaded afghanistan, beginning a nine-year war against its mountainous neighbor. next on reel america, "afghanistan: the gallant struggle," a 20-minute central intelligence video produced for president ronald reagan about one year after the invasion. the documentary details events that led to the invasion, the vital role of islam in the country, and the status of the fight against the soviets. >> it has been called the hidden kingdom, isolated for centuries from much of the world, but since the second millennium before christ, history has recorded the movements of people through the towering mountains of the hindu kush. cyrus, alexander, genghis khan, and tamerlane marched their troops through the mountain passes and plains of