of western history. the second point is jim bridger is somebody you would want to meet. people of his day, they often remembered when it was they first met him and they described him and told about what they thought of him, what they heard of him and what they said to him. and what he said to them. he was a very noticed celebrity, students were well aware, of the schoolbooks in the 1840's. sometimes when they came out for the gold rush, they said this is the fort we read about in our history books. >> learn more tonight at 7:00 eastern, 4:00 pacific here on american history tv. >> the c-span cities tour travels the country exploring the american story. since 2011, we have been some

more than 200 communities across the nation area like many americans, our staff ascend close to home due to the coronavirus area next, look at one of our visits. >> the toledo war goes back to 1787 in the northwest ordinance. it established the area that eventually became five states. they established a border that started at the bottom of lake michigan and ran east to lake erie. the strip of land that form was called the toledo strip. it was formed by two different surveys. that difference is a wedge shaped strip that was five miles wide. we know as the indiana border today. mild why by the time at recess here. this kind of a pie shaped wedge can be toledo strip then ohio

michigan started to wrangle over. the whole point, the port of miami. that connection for the river basin and lake erie. everybody knew eventually doubt, important. both michigan and ohio wanted to be part of that. on top of that, you the erie canal opening. people start flowing down across new york. people recognize the value. now you have the miami erie canal. by the 1830's, they realize that it has to be built somewhere in this area. the legend is that any first trapper familiar with the area came down to the legislature and remind them that if they drew

that line as described in the ordinance, they would lose the toledo area we know today. so, we made an adjustment and move the line northward. the statement application was approved by congress. there was a committee take a look at that but nobody stopped. by the 1830's, michigan territories were getting ready to apply for their statehood. they wanted to settle this. the same time, the miami erie canal, which are referred to in today's terminology is a huge economic development project during that time. it was starting to come to fruition area people wanted to make sure that was inside their state territory. this led up to april of 1835. that was when the michigan militia came down and confronted the surveyors who were trying to confirm the ohio line.

they fired shots over their heads. arrested nine of the survey crew. things in washington start to bubble up because they are saying we have to get involved here area this could turn into a civil war, it is the last thing we need. we need to get the whole thing settled. they started mediating. they had been mediating for quite a while trying to figure out a solution that neither party was willing to agree to. by late 1835, jackson brings in several of his smarter, and more political consultants. they work out a plan with lucas from ohio and approach michigan and say look, here is what we are going to do. they have to figure out the best way for everyone to get along. the best solution is going to be a key state lines the way they are now and give michigan the upper peninsula. about 9000 square miles. to most people at that time, the

upa look like a real downer in terms of the solution. but, in the end it worked out pretty well for them because of the copper deposits that were eventually found up there. and the fact that it is beautiful territory, still highly regarded tourism area today. i like to say that all of this happened over what i consider to be, at that time, their version of aol. everybody thought it was the next thing. and then, the railroad came. the canals were regulated to smaller stuff. it is similar to what happened with aol and the internet. we were all scrambling because the next thing was going to be aol. then the internet blew out, and most people don't listen to that you have mail anymore. by december of 1846, michigan excepts a program that was put forth by basically the federal

government. it was the second convention where they accepted that. the earliest convention in september, they voted down. they still did not think it was fair they were getting the upa upn ohio was going to get toledo. then, things started to shift. they realize the federal government was getting ready to release money. so, by december they had the second convention and they accepted the proposal. michigan became a state. toledo became part of ohio. the whole toledo war probably still has an effect on how toledo looks itself today area we sit on the border. a lot of people like to say that toledo is not part of the three c's and ohio. cleveland, columbus, cincinnati. toledo sits up here on the she can border.

we see ourselves, part of that michigan culture, and we are sitting inside of ohio. >> you can watch this and other programs on the history of communities across the country at c-span.org/cities tour. this is american history tv, only on c-span3. >> american history tv on c-span3, every weekend documenting american story. funding comes from these television companies and more. including comcast. >> comcast, along with these

television companies supports american history tv on c-span3 as a public service. >> this week, we are looking back to this date in history. >> when the doors at this beautiful library and museum were opened, you told a story which i think bears repeating today. you're called a campaign stop once made in kansas. my predecessor, saturn or -- senator frank carlsen, told us that you are controversial. but everybody loves pat. the outpouring of affection and admiration across america and around the world over the past few days as underscore the truth

of these words. everybody did love nixon. for grace, grip, heart, steadfastness to her family, they loved her because they knew she cared. as most people here know, washington, d.c. is a time where monuments are told in the egos are even taller. every once in a while, there comes along a rare spirit like pat nixon who reminds us that compassion need not be legislated, it need only be felt. and expressed by hugging a child. comforting a victim of a natural disaster. or personally answering a letter from one of the people who turned to 1600 pencil avenue -- pennsylvania avenue would all other avenues are close. pat nixon was a gender -- as genuine as though she insisted

signing on her letters. she was stand and receiving line for hours. connected to infection and could be countered by antiseptics the smithsonian associates hosted this event in october 2017. in one hour 30 minutes james swanson author of manhunt the 12-day chase for lincoln's killer gives a tour of the petersen house where president lincoln died after being shot by john wilkes booth in two hours on the civil war the center for civil war history at the university of virginia host a discussion with authors