we have today in the latest and publishing with a podcast, about books. with current nonfiction book releases, plus bestseller lists, as well as industry news and trends through insider interviews. you can find about books on c-span and now, our free mobile app. or wherever you get your podcasts. next, we visit plimoth patuxet in plymouth, massachusetts, to explore the 17th century colonial village and talk to interpret about daily life. the year depicted is 16 27, 70 years after the mayflower landing. when about 160 pilgrims lived there. in 17thi am richard pickering, depy

executive director at plymouth museums and we are in the 17th century english village. a recreation of plymouth as it looks seven years after mayflower landed. when our guests enter the historic site, the encounter living history educators who are portraying men and women who lived in plymouth in 1627. we know the name of every man, woman and child who was here because this is the last that they lived with in the town in 1620, we started spreading up and have been down to divide all of the common assets equitably, they needed a complete list of residents. every person that our guests encounter, once actually walked on the face of the earth. no one fictional, no one composite. when you come to a living museum you enter into unable to encounter the

spiritual beliefs or the, past the technology of the past, the experiments in self governance of the past in three dimensions. and one of the things that we strive to do is hold the people of the past in our hands very gently and with compassion, so that we can enter into their story and experience it in 360 degrees. that said, the 360-degree surrounding me right now, behind me, you can see the fort meeting house at the top of the street, which if we were able to magically transport ourselves to modern plymouth in 2020, you would see the unitarian universalist church there and we would be on leiden street. that's the true street we recreated. so you see a number of different domestic dwellings and where the houses are placed on our recreated street is based on a map fragment that was left in governor william bradford's hands. the gardens are based on

inventories and lists of seeds, as you find in documents like the brewster book from the william brewster family. the idea is to help our guests walk into an accurate recreation of the past and to feel that they have been physically transported and mentally transported as well. >> my name is elizabeth collins, i've been here now for 7 years. my family and i decided that we were going to come to the new world and that was in 1620 or so. the ship called mayflower that brought us here. it was more so their decision than mine, since i was 13 years old. by two months that we were out to sea and probably something like seven months in total that i lived aboard the ship because

there are no houses built when we arrived here, so it was the men that would get off during the day and they would build the houses and they get back on to the ship at night. and so, it was tedious. and being that i was 13, i was caring for younger children but also caring for my parents that were seasick for the journey and as we were in the harbor, people started getting sick with coughs and colds. so i cared for them as well as best i could. we'd sing songs, pray a lot, try to sleep. the sounds of the animals were always terrifying. we brought pigs, we also brought hands, dogs, cats and goats. the ship already smelled awful, so with all the animals as well, made it a little bit more uncomfortable. there were something like 100 of us, all crammed into the

ship. we stayed under the top deck, so it was a very low ceiling. i mean, we had a shallop for fishing to be put back together and used as a shipping vessels we arrived. but it was taken apart and it was stored where we were and it was so crowded, people were sleeping within parts of the ship. it's not built for people, certainly. mayflower, it was built -- at least when it was shipping before where we went on to it, was wine. and so, they delivered the wind to where it's going, took the barrels off and put people in instead. so there are no windows or anything. all the waters coming in from the top deck and it's the air that gets very heavy. it's a very sickly place. not very healthy at all. but this place is where i got married and had children and so, we're starting to see the

fruits of our labor now. this day, i made breakfast of just what was left from supper the night before, so it was a little bit of duck and eggs and bread. just a small meal to get us through the day until dinnertime. but dinnertime's always an undertaken for us. it's the largest meal so it's usually, in this season, got duck, geese, all different kinds of birds that we can take from. and so i cook those often and i still got salted fish that i keep from the summertime. and hens are still laying eggs, i got an extra eggs to fry. we have corn with every meal, so it's adding that as well. and then my children, to care for them. but some days, i mean, it takes all day to do laundry or to make bread, so it depends on what i need to do,

really. and the weather just not the best day to do laundry. when it's raining, but everything changes with the seasons. this day, i'm trying to tidy up the garden. and it is the end of october now and so, i do fear of frost anytime coming. so i am trying to decide what to harvest. i got some carrots left, and earlier this day, i took out all my -- and put them up on straw, put them in aloft over the house. i'm just trying to harvest what's not going to make it through the frost. i do have some turnips here, and those can go through the winter. partially as, well the leaks will do well as fun. so is not an overly harsh winter. but, that's where most of the work

in the garden during the season is tidying it up turning the beds and then laying compost along it and leaving it like that until letting some things go to seed as well and the deal has flower and so it once the sun dries it up, probably in a couple of weeks or so, i can collect the seeds that was an active those on a small linen sack and they share, at least in the garden. my family, we finished the harvest so that was four or five weeks of work. that's finished for now. and so, now i'm able to get the rest of the preparations for the winter. well my name is phineas

pratt, the most people here just called me pratt. so i was the first pratt. whereas my brother is here now, his name is joshua, the person to have been here for sometime. for most unwed men, by and large, they are referred to by their surname because i was the first pratt. i will always be pratt. >> how was it like coming over? >> i came over on a ship, a fishing vessel. a smaller one called the sparrow, smaller than other vessels. on that

arrived on -- curve. so not directly here and it wasn't so turbulent for we were arriving ahead of the summer. so that is a fair time to sail, whereas some other persons who arrived here, they encountered some storms along the way. violent storms here. they were adding directly into the winter. whereas i, online are determined, we then took this barrow again to new plymouth here and in so, they do not take long and then we rendezvous with two other ships. we were the advanced party of an expedition that was said to in the way of the

massachusetts. so that failed miserably. >> how did you end up here? >> well, we initially came here, as i say, and so i was somewhat acquainted with these persons and yet, after that plantation rather dissolved for god wished that it be so, but i watched ten men starve before my eyes and then the natives, they killed two others and we hung one of our own and so, this is before as well. the rest of those people, they were near to 60 of us. they eventually, many of them they fled back to england and perhaps many of them fled into

the forest and perhaps remain among the natives. i suppose some have died since, who did so, living among the natives you will not live long. and beyond that, i came here, i was the only one who remained to settle, such as new plymouth. and hopefully here, i can secure legacy for myself and have a family. i should say, things are a bit more secure here and so, i am hopeful that. >> what were your interactions with the natives? >> well, they were divers and initially, they were quite friendly to us. they came to understand that we could not care for ourselves.

they more and more said this was the case. the more on more came to see us, not as men, for they were but man. and more and more, they saw us as children or women. they would insult us and they began to even take things from ourselves and threaten us and so, this is the thing with the natives. if you appear strong, they will respect you. so if you show any sort of, or if you show yourselves in force, and you bring guns, they will understand that you are serious men. whereas, if they come to understand that you cannot care for yourselves as was the case

there, i will admit, we were not well prepared for the winter months or even ahead of that. i should say, that life here is quite a bit different than back in buckinghamshire. do you know that is? it is just outside of london city and so, there you might go to market and secure vittles. purchase items has here, here you must harvest everything that you eat or perhaps kill it. or you must make everything that you use, but most things of value, they come from aboard ship. so, not everything i suppose. it is not

so simple as going to market. or them having someone else to your work for yourself. you must provide. on the manuals, which instruct one to establish or rather plant them selves in the new world, they speak of the abundance of this place and that one might merely walk up to a deer and should in the face or draw up basket into the protect comes up full yet, but they do not tell you is to avail yourself to that abundance you must work, you must labor. did you have a particular trade in england? >> i apprenticed as a joiner or as a carpenter, yet i'm not doing those things so much here and i did not complete my apprenticeship so here, it is rather illegal to apply trade for your own profit. so, i do these things when it is needful for the common or for the principal men or for myself or

perhaps a, -- beyond that, it is not something we are going much here. there are other men. >> were you accepted into new plymouth? >> there is a part of me that fears that there are persons here that see me much as the natives did. that i have had my manhood stripped of me and, so i must regain it by laboring. that is what i plan to do. so, i appreciate and i am grateful for my friends here, and what they have done for me, welcoming me into their community with rather open arms yet, i fear i will never truly feel a part of them. i always feel a bit outside of the community. >> why didn't you go

back to england? >> well, i saw what families had here, and it made me rather hopeful for what i could achieve here. there is work to be had, whereas back in england, i would be but a burden on my family. on my father. so, at least here, one can labor whereas you know, back in england, persons who have been on acres of land for nearing two centuries as tenants, you may say, gentleman

on the like who have newly-come upon means, they are buying the land and running them off, whereas everyone, as an alternative is flocking to the city of london whereas there is no work to go around or there is not enough and so what work there is is rather devalued for there are many persons who wish to labor at this or that trade. so that even the men who are able to apply the trade, they are not making half the wages as that their grandfather were to have made on the same trade. so most people back in england, if you are not of the merchant going sort, perhaps i should say that this is one alternative, as well. one way to escape that by coming to the new world, at least there is

work to be done here. >> as you can see, though this is new england, it has a ways to go to be likened to the old. so that is what we intend to do. >> who determines what work you do? >> well, chiefly, the principal men, and the magistrates, so much of this work is court-ordered. as i say, i work for the men of the household or the master of the household that i reside in. so beyond that, my brother and myself, we have two acres. we are devoting that to the household we are living within. yet, we work for the goodman and in return, he gives us lodging and food and that is the way of things here. outside of that, as i say, the governor or his assistants might assign labours accordingly. [noise] >> my name

is susanna winslow, and you are in my house. i've been in the village for about seven years now, since the very beginning. so i've seen the start of the colony. i've been here through all of the trials that we've had. the first winter, where we lost a great deal of people. i've seen famine here. so we've had quite a bit of change over the years. i've lost some family here, but i have been married again, i have four boys here now. so we've got quite a

prospering that has been happening. daily life here is fairly busy. it's always something to do. more trust past harvest season now so we've got all of that worked on, which means there's a little bit more time for resting. there's a little bit more time that i can spend with my husband, my children, my friends. but i spend some more of my day cooking now, things take a little longer so i do a lot of my cooking in the house here. i've got several different sorts of tools that i can use, i have a frying pan here that i can use from frying with. i brought a spit that i can set across this that i can roast. there's something in here. i can hang pots from here. you can see it at the bottom, where i can hang a pan from. and then raise and lower

it above the fire, so that i can make it hotter or colder. but also spend my days now preparing corn and looking after my children. i've got to do laundry, and i've got to bake bread and i've got things to mend, so there's always some sort of work to do. baking and making sure that everything in the house is in order for that as well. this is where i work whereas my husband is more outside. my husband is more of things like fishing, especially in the summer months. at this time of year, he's out more hunting, so a lot of the wild birds that come through will take out his musket and he'll go hunting for them. there will also be trees in the season, so that next year, we might burn them but also if we gotta make repairs to the houses, he'll do a lot of that work. some of the

-- on the walls, might crack from year to year. so we have no limestone here to cover them, to protect it from the weather. so here, all of the clay and the marsh grass and the sand that gets mixed together can crack. but we keep wooden covers on the outside of the houses that we might protect it from the rain and any sort of whether the my come. all things that we've got in the house have really come from england. there's not a lot that's being made here at the moment, so all of the furniture and all of our baskets and all of the pewter and pottery, that all comes from england. the only things that are made here for the most part are very simple things like this stool. things that

don't necessarily look fairly pretty, but we can use them quite well. there's also some herbs from the gardens, but will cut back so with that we might try them and keep them for cooking. might keep them from. it's a very good season so we want to make sure that you keep things like, mint for fever and things that will help stage that can clear the flame out of your body. so not only for cooking, but things that can make you feel better in the winter. i got all sorts of things that are used. i'll use rags to dust with, and there's a cupboard over here where i keep all of the dishes. all of my plates and bowls. things that have also come from england. so things for the most part, are either selling when you come and things that you had in your house back in england, all of your furniture,

you're bedding, there are some things that are on supply ships, which i have recently, come around once a year. so things like candles and wicks for the oil lamp, which you'll see burning over on the cupboard, things such as spices and butter and gunpowder and baskets. metal things like nails will have to be sent over from england. so church services will be on sundays. sabbath is on the evening on saturday, into the evening next on sunday. and so, from, there will have services for most of the day. we keep the services a viable form for complication. it's reformed congregation for christians. so we will keep church services for the entire day. or start off in the day in

the morning, there will be meetings. we meet in the fort, it's the largest building that we have. so will meet up there and then is not a minister proper he never finished university so has not been ordained, but he's a ruling elder of our church. he's been elected to it. he's the only man who's had any sort of proper schooling and studying to be a minister. so he's the one who preaches on sunday. so he'll deliver a sermon in the morning and we will have some singing and there will be usually not many parts, there will be some varying voices, but to honor god through song and then, usually we will have in the middle of the day, we will heat our dinners and then after we've rested, just a short time, we'll go back up to the rest of the service where we have something that's not kept in the church in england,

it's called prophesy, where some of the more people in the village will speak on matters that will be understood a little better in the last week. so something, they understood better than they have before or something that happened to them in their own lives over the week that made him understand a certain story little better. they might speak on that to the entire congregation. but really it's not something, so there are some here that are not accustomed to have that practiced done. >> the 17th century english village at plymouth patuxet, interprets the town and the people who live there up until 1627. seven years after the pilgrims

arrived on the mayflower. >> here's a look at some moments in history from the past week. on october 4th, 1927, -- started sculpting mount rush more. he chose the for presidents to be depicted because he believed they represented the most important event in u.s. history. the monument was completed in october of 1941. >> october 4th, 1957 mark the start of the space race with the soviets launching the first man made satellite. sputnik one, into low earth orbit -- >> you are hearing the actual signals transmitted by the earth circling satellite. one of the great scientific feats of the age! >> the heart seller act of 1965

was signed into law by lyndon johnson on october 3rd. the law changed at the immigration limits to be based on hemisphere. >> and this measure that we will find today will really make us truer to ourselves, both as a country and as a people. it will strengthen us in 100 unseen ways. >> and on october 7th, 2001, the war in afghanistan began with the united states and allies conducting operation -- a response to the 9/11 attacks. the war in afghanistan was fought for 20 years. >> i am speaking to you today from the treaty room at the white house, a place where american presidents have worked for peace. we are a peaceful nation. yet, as we have learned so suddenly and so tragically, there can be no peace in a world of sudden terror.

in the face of today's new threat, the only way to pursue peace is to pursue those who threaten it. we did not ask for this mission. but we will fulfill it. >> and that is a look at what happened this week in history. american has programs on all of these topics in our archives. you can watch them online at c-span.org slash history. >> c-span's american history tv continues now. you can find the full schedule for the weekend on your program guide or at c-span.org slash history. >> welcome. this is history 3:18, the history of colonial america. -- at the beginning of this course, i asked each of you to tell me what you think of when you think of colonial american history. many of you i'm sure don't even remember what you put but i will give you a little synopsis today. many of you focused on what