evils and the ills of industrialization to try to improve conditions in the factories, in the cities, on the farm. help the environment. and i'm here to tell you that is, in fact, what's going to happen. but, of course, that's our next lecture. there is more to this story, obviously, it's called the progressive era. when the government is going to pull back from being hands off to being very much hands on and trying to correct some the abuses of industrialization. but that's another story for another day. so i'm done. enjoy the rest of your day. i'll see you next ♪

>> from korea to germany. from alaska to puerto rico. all over the world the united states army is on the alert to defend our country, you the american people, against aggression. this is the big picture. an official television report to the nation from the united states army. now to show you part of the big picture, here is sergeant stuart queen. >> today on the big picture, the d. of the army presents a documented report of the crimes and atrocities committed against americans and other united nations prisoners of war by their communist captors. you will hear the facts from repatriated prisoners of war, from major general william f. dean and from the former supreme

commander of the united nations forces in the far east, general mark w. clark. to interview these men and reveal these facts, here is the noted commentator and war correspondent, bill dowds. >> the eventses you are about to hear are shocking. the films you are about to see are not pleasant. some of them are revealed for the first time. but what you will see and what you will hear is the stark truth that every american should know. ♪ ♪ ..

their official army. they are only a tiny fraction of communist atrocities and we can't began to commemorate the terrible crimes committed by the communist military and civilian prisoners but we are going to tell you about some of those crimes then we are going to show you some of the brutal result not to shock you but to reveal the true nature of the enemy, to give you an idea of the ruthless communist mind and what would happen to civilization under communist rule. nevermind that these atrocities have taken place not in the dark ages of -- but in 1950, 51 and 52. look closely. we know it isn't a pretty sight but you remember what you see today you will never again

relax. these are captured prisoners of war many of them american with hands tied behind their backs, some of them used for practice. this is the pattern of communist control of communist brutality or piled on horror. let's give credit to where credit is due. economies forces in korea have been able to outmatch any fiendish nightmare of the most horror fiction could conceive. in their fury they. >> thousands of headless civilians club the man beaten to death and dumped their bodies and abandoned mines or wealth and this is an american soldier one of the lucky prisoners of war who managed to survive. he is looking at the bodies of men who are captured with him but who were not so fortunate. he may be recalling the terrible days of the death march which are in humanity reached and surpassed the infamous death march of the thanh -- but in.

one of the survivors of that does march is recuperating at walter reed general hospital in washington. we saw cho roe from the 25th commission. one of the survivors of the death march is recuperating in washington at the army walter reed hospital. i'd like you to meet corporal john of baltimore maryland. how are you feeling? i. >> fine. >> better than a couple of months ago? >> editor that i did before. >> it how long warrior prisoner? >> 37 and months and 14 days. how many of you finish this march? >> i would say about 500. c out of the 700 is started. >> there are only 285 left a day

because it was pretty cold and they had shaq's and so many shacks but every day. this was her treatment and when you got to the prison camp. >> we had child twice a day in the morning. we had our rice bowl about the size and we got millet. and you had about two heads of cabbage or one head of cabbage. >> any medical treatment in the camp? >> we only had a korean doctor but he was a phony anyway. >> what sort of treatment did he give?

>> some guys were taken to the hospital. >> what about any other treatments, shots? >> that was later. we stayed there all winter and they moved us there in march of 51 and we came down to the schoolhouse in the chang area. that's where they killed -- they gave him a shot through the heart and if he was alive the next morning he was pretty good to survive. >> how many ticket? >> quite a few, 40 or 50 maybe. stand to have difficulty convincing people in this country that these things really did happen? >> thanks for telling us the facts and i hope you get out of

the hospital real soon. after talking to corporal don schmidty we went down the long corridors of walter reed hospital and toward 33 where we met corporal eugene w. reid. how are you feeling? spent find sir. >> tuberculosis of the bone and you got that during imprisonment in korea? >> korea? >> yes sir. >> has a coming along now? >> it's coming along pretty good now. >> how long were you a prisoner? >> 27 months in 10 days. >> what exactly happened you after your captured there? >> it took me on the hill and a group of us march north. >> wordage of march 2? >> i march to the yellow river. >> that's from the engine to the yellow, how far is that?

>> 's approximately four miles. >> when you finally got to the yellow prison camp or that why? >> guys head lice and dysentery and sickness and they were weak and especially after that long march. >> did in a the fellow sky from malnutrition or disease? >> yes sir. >> how many? >> quite a few of them died but i don't know the exact number. >> what was the north korean hospital like? >> it was an old japanese temple. it was made of mud and of course the best sleep is on the floor. they were putting him in a dungeon where a guy was sick and they taken there and die. >> you spent two years in a prison camp. did you get any heat at all? >> rarely.

maybe two hours a day. >> what about like it's in that sort of thing? >> they gave us one blanket for two men. or they gave the -- gave us one thin blanket per man. >> thank you very much for telling us your story. we left walter reed hospital went back to the pentagon where a battle-hardened soldier was, dogface soldiery calls himself. in july 1951 the commanding general the 24th division rush today gene or the battle is going against united nations forces in korea. the 24th division vastly outnumbered help against heavy odds for three to the city city of page on was surrounded by courts. the general and his aide helped carry a wounded soldier from the embattled area and tried to

escape but a korean civilians turned to general over to his communist cat years. he was held prisoner for 37 months. >> now here with me as general william f. dean. general and the details are released when he returned home humans and long hours that the communists had spent trying to get information out of you. >> yes that first month of september they questioned me almost continuously. at one stretch they questioned me for 16 hours. >> a general did the try to indoctrinate you? >> they did. they tried various methods. they tried persuasion, bribery. they kept all literature, all means of diversion away from me for 14 months and then when they

gave me literature it was all communist literature. >> at the treatment he received in three years practical in solitary was an act to try to woo you to their side. did they say anything about how they were taking care of your men? unit they didn't tell me how they were taking care of all the mint that they set our men were very happy and were always singing and were so mary. they showed me petitions with a photo static signature of p.o.w.s, men from the whole organization, men that i had known and men whom i cannot take myself to leave that they would sign such petitions. these petitions were directed toward the soldiers a firearm

event were fighting in the south and appeals to the american people stating that we had been misled, that they had discovered , that is the p.o.w.s, had discovered that the south koreans had started the war and not the north koreans and that there was no point in our fighting further. they also showed me copies of broadcast that they had made for these men and officers and they requested me to add my signature to the petition, and they constantly urged that i go on the air and broadcast an appeal to the american troops to quit

fighting. >> why didn't you, sir? i mean you were in pretty bad shape, weren't you? >> i'm an officer of the united states army and even if i had to leave, which they were telling me that i was still in the service of the united states and in the surface of the people of the united states, i couldn't be at traitor. >> general dean there should be some lessons as we sit on the sidelines during these affairs from your experience in the experience of the men who went through these things. what would be those lessons? >> i feel that one of the first lessons is that they should teach at all levels what true americanism means the end is.

we should teach what true democracy is and we should teach it by practice not by just citing it in words. we should not forget consideration for others. it's often too easy to think only of ourselves. we must teach and practice consideration for others at all times if we are going to beat this insidious propaganda of the communists. >> general if you have a minute or a dozen sentences to say to the families wives and mothers and the men who went through this experience as you did and the men who will find a permanent home in korea, what would you say to them? >> i would say that they can

certainly find a great deal of satisfaction, real satisfaction in the fact that their sons came through this ordeal with flying colors in the face of this persecution, this torture. all these atrocities we have just witnessed came through steadfast to their faith. i feel that they can take real personal satisfaction and pride in their sons. >> general we of course will never be able to repay the debt and i want to thank you very much. >> thank you. >> first lieutenant robert s. would cause the nations capital his hometown but for three long years his home was a prison camp in the far north of korea.

lieutenant woods looks in pretty good shape now can tell from his face the ordeal that he has been through but as you listen to his story you will be reminded again of man's inhumanity to man. bobby were captured in november of 1950, weren't you? >> yes bill i was with the eighth regiment of the 1st calvary division about 70 miles north of jan yang. we were ordered to hold their and 200 of us were captured in that time. >> up how were you treated? >> we received very poor food and very little of it. we lost a lot of weight and strength and one of the men was very badly wounded and had to have his leg and the tainted traits that what happened to i'm? >> the chinese supplied the american doctors there with a rusty scalpel and some sutures and the doctors were able to operate successfully, however later he died of dysentery.

>> bob weren't there any hospital facilities for you at all? >> yes they have a hospital if you want to call it that. it was a korean hot or the dead were lying among the living and the stencil on was enough to make a man sick. i know it drove some men out of their minds. >> at this american doctor he spoke of was anything he could do about the situation? would they listen to him? >> we had some american doctors who were in the hospital there. they released one of the doctors in the hospital area and they said he wasn't a good doctor, that he wasn't lytic weight conscious. he did not know who to save and to save and who to let die. >> what did they mean by that? >> simply they did not want to attempt to save the lives of anyone who fought their indoctrination program. >> were there any other similar incidents at your camp? >> yes, there were many bill. they gave us a series of

lectures, forced readings and discussion. come examinations lasting up to 10 hours a day. there was one instance in which we were forced to listen to a speech that was made by the foreign minister from red china. one of the major spoke up at the end of the speech and said the speech wasn't worth the paper was written on and cheap paper at that. >> what happened to him? >> he was immediately yanked out, beaten, thrown into a hole for solitary confinement and completely broken. he later died as a result of his treatment. >> how were you affected personally, bob? >> like all the prisoners of war i suffered from mt. attrition. i contracted a case of malaria, hepatitis and beriberi. >> you are looking pretty fit

now, bob. >> thanks for getting back to civilization good food indecent medical care. >> i hope you keep on keeping on and good luck. >> lieutenant wood was fortunate to make a quick recovery but some of the men were not so fortunate like psc james woodley comes from cincinnati ohio. we went back to walter reed general hospital to talk with jim and we found a man dead. hi joe how are you doing? >> fine, sir. >> how are you feeling? >> feeling? >> just fine. >> tell me what happened to you. where were you? >> 15 miles north of the 38 and there was a counterattack so we

waited around for a while and the chinese started popping up in 15 or 20 minutes later we were overrun by the chinese and there were only five of us left so we were taken to the hill. a concussion grenade went off in front of my face and knocked me out. i figured two hours after that they have put me in a foxhole. >> you lost your eyes. >> yes, sir. >> i was washing blood off of my face and after that they told me they were going to move me out on a march. they would be 25 miles per day. >> was this the only medical treatment he received? >> yes. >> water to wash your face-off? >> yes. in the march they wouldn't let us take water.

if we crossed the pond we would scoop it up with a cup we had in our hands. this one kid shot at chinese. >> they have a trial and he didn't have any weapons. >> no, sir. then they told us to be in the school room at such and such a time so they came up and got us and told us to sit down on the floor so we sat there and they read off a big line of stuff on the sheet. my comrade, they shot him. it took him up on the hill and shot him. >> did the chinese or do you out where the trial was held in you were forced to witness this execution? where did you end up? >> we ended up in a prison camp and they named it camp.

>> did they treat you any better there than on the smart? >> no, sir. >> we will drop it here and i want to wish you a speedy recovery. >> thank you sir. >> the summing up his done by the supreme commander of the united nations and the far east general mark w. clarke. general clarke you heard these repatriated prisoners of war. i know their stories but you do you have any releasable figures on the number of victims of communist atrocities? >> yes mr. downs. actually we recovered or uncovered i might say over 10,000 bodies, victims of communist treachery and savage murder in korea. as a matter of fact the evidence indicates there were over 30,000 that have been murdered in cold blood by the communists of which

about 11,600 actually were united nations troops. >> what has been the treatment of red prisoners in our own camps general? >> notwithstanding the communist screams to the contrary we abided strictly by the terms of the geneva conference with regard to war, with regards to clothing, food and medical treatment. as a matter of fact they never had it so good as they did in these p.o.w. camps that we administered. >> how was the medical treatment of american prisoners of war in their camp's? >> he was pretty crude. surgical procedures were very barbaric. they didn't permit our own doctors said in capture to have any medicines or means of taking care our own sick and wanted people and we have evidence of many amputations that took place where no anesthetic was used at all an extremely crude. sonic it has been so general that thinks that the communist

medical prescription was a bullet. did you find that was true? >> oh yes, we did. we found many cases of evidence of the perpetrators a man who witnessed this cold-blooded shooting in the back of the head with the russian bullet. >> thank you very much general clarke. this is the first time in her history that the united states forces have left the communist -- let us hope that what we have seen here today is not a preview but a conclusion. with an official fire is there sufficient evidence to show that these atrocities were all part of a premeditated campaign in mongolia from the voices of repatriated prisoners of war we have heard identical incidents of brutality, malnutrition, lack of any decent medical care of wanton disregard of human life. the communist pattern obvious and terrible. remember to only when the talks began when the knew that they

could not win, when they saw that we were backing up our resolve to remain free with men and with arms only then did the brutality lesson, only than where prisoners of war treated somewhat like human beings. you are looking at the true face of communism. never forget it. you have seen and heard the shocking facts about communist atrocities and brutality. your commentator was bill dellums well-known network correspondent. the big picture is a weekly

welcome. welcome to the september meeting of the lincoln group of the district of