it is all very hard work and i think in this case, it all requires very close coordination with the other affected countries of the region. the u.s. really can't do this on its own. we can be a leader in the process but we very much need the active collaboration of the other countries involved. are allies, our allies, south korea and japan, our partners, china and russia. >> is there any reason to believe that if the leadership mantle passes two kim jong-il's son, that it will result in any kind of a change in the leadership there with respect to decision-making? >> i have no reason to speculate one way or the other on that. as i said earlier, quoting

former secretary of defense, william perry, i think you have to deal with korea as it is, not how it might be in the future. >> is there any information to suggest there might be disagreements within the north korean government regarding their nuclear policy? >> no. >> thank you. >> thank you senator shaheen guss senator corker, i know he has indicated to me he is not going to ask questions so this action follows if nation's recent nuclear underground test and subsequent missile testifieses in violation of previous security council resolutions. following the u.n. meeting, several members of the council spokes with reporters. this is about 25 minutes.

>> thank you. good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. and today the security council has both spoken and acted decisively and clearly and unanimously. and through the security council the international community has made absolutely clear its determination to tackle the illegal provocative and dangerous activities of the

north korean government. the resolution contains some significant tough measures with that objective in mind. it substantially expands and strengthens the arms embarg on north korea including the absolute ban on any arms exports from north korea, which will tackle one of the sources of revenue which funds north korea's missile and nuclear programs. it also enhances significantly the inspection regime which enables the enforcement of that arms embargo. in addition, it calls upon member states to cut off any financial flows and any

financial transactions which assist north korea's mix and nuclear programs and indeed to cut off all international financial assistance other than financial assistance aimed at humanitarian or development objectives. the resolution also requires the sanctions committee of the council within 30 days to designate further entities and individuals and goods which assist north korea's nuclear and missile programs and it strengthens the committee and the monitoring provisions and establishes a panel of experts for that purpose. so the resolution contains a significant robust set of measures to prevent north korea

from continuing with its nuclear and missile programs and to encourage north korea to return to constructive engagement with the international community. i should emphasize that these measures are carefully targeted at the nuclear and missile and weapons of mass destruction programs of north korea. we are not talking here about a general economic sanctions. these measures should not adversely affect the economic situation of the people of north korea which as we all know is already dire. in the interest of the people of north korea and in the interest of regional and global security, we call upon the government of north korea to abandon its current cause and to engage constructively with the international community and to return to the six-party talks.

thank you. >> south korea has already sent troops to its northern border and north korea looks set to attempt a test. is it certain this does nothing to insert on the peninsula? >> it's far too early to tell what its effects will be. but what the resolution clearly does is give the security council and international community stronger tools with which to prevent north korea continuing with its nuclear and missile programs. >> isn't it sort of difficult to argue that these sanctions and financial restrictions will affect the beleaguerd people of north korea who need help? >> no. the sanctions. if you read the resolution the sanctions are very clearly targeted at the missiles and nuclear programs. >> any loans from financial institutions of the world? >> other than those with

development and humanitarian objectives. >> exclusion of or the allowing the sale of small arms and light weapons to north korea, is that something that the u.k. supported? >> we would have preferred to see an even broader ban. but this is what's been agreed by the council. any other questions? thank you. >> well, we have jist voted in favor of the resolution. and i hope you will take note of the explanation of votes i gave after the vote. i just would like to share a few points but. first, we are firmly opposed to the nuclear test.

second, we believe that the reaction from the security council has to be appropriate and balanced. as you can see from the language of the resolution not only contains sanction measures, it also contains some positive messages to the dprk. it also emphasizes the importance of addressing the nuclear issue peacefully through political and diplomatic means. third, i hope you have noticed that the measures contained in the resolution are taken in accordance with article 41 of chapter 7 of the charter of the united nations. we believe that sanction measures such as cargo

inspection are very complicated and sensitive. we believe that countries con sent need to act prudently in accordance with domestic and international laws and with reasonable grounds and sufficient evidence. under no circumstances should there be the use of force or the threat of the use of force. finally, we believe that it is now very important for all parties concerned to keep calm and restrained and not take any action that might agstrait situation. -- aggravate the situation. china is prepared to work together with all parties concerned in a responsible and constructive manner to achieving denuclearization of the korean peninsula and for maintaining peace and stability in the northeast region.

thank you very much. >> in voting in favor of resolution 1874 from our conviction in the objective of nonproliferation of nuclear weapons. we believe that it is not only an effective measure condeucive to the achievement of the final goal of the total elimination of nuclear weapons in the world, but also as an effective tool to guarantee an environment for free of the promotion of the nuclear entity but for peaceful purposes. we have voted for the

resolution because the resolution is a balanced one. during the process of the council's deliberation on this issue, we have emphasized our view that while supporting the measures aimed at preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons and the development of ballistic missile technologies, in the resolution 1718 the implementation of those measures must not affect the normal livelihood of the people and the legitimate humanitarian , economic, and development activities in and of the democratic people's republic of korea. and the implementation of those measures have to be in accordance with the policies and principles of the united nations of the united nations.

and those principles are contained in resolution 1874. thank you. >> good afternoon. as you know, the security council just adopted unanimously a very important resolution, 1874, against the nuclear test by the dprk. you remember that in may i requested the emergency meeting of the security council to send a clear message. and immediately on that day, the council had issued the remarks that the council is united, resolved was issued promptly. it took a little more than two weeks during this time there

was intensive discussions going on. and since you have noticed that the content of the resolution is unprecedented compared with many other past resolutions by the security council. it sends a very strong message and not only that but will be very effective and control the goods and arms and financial resources that are related to the wmed program. and i think the reason why it took a long time shows very clearly that important and very strong content of the resolution itself required that kind of technical, legal, and other examination. we are very pleased, japan asked for this special meeting because nuke clear program together with the missile, ballistic missile technology is a direct threat to the security of japan itself.

we feel most threatened by the development of the nike clear weapons capability. therefore, it's of great satisfaction that the council adopted unanimously with this element that has very strong message but also measures in controlling arms and materials as well as financial. but also, i think we should stress that the measures are not really intended to make innocent people of the north korea difficult. it is intended to stop and prevent the further development of wmed programs. but also, council is very clear that the sentiment of these and otheroutstanding issues have to be done through a diplomatic and peaceful way. and i think the message is very clear that we appeal dprk to

please listen to us, the voice of the international community, reflected unanimously in today's resolution and come back to the negotiation table to settle old issues through this negotiation table. if they don't do that, then the council and the united international community have to impose strong measures. we very much hope that the dprk will listen to this message and stop the provocative acts and come back to the negotiation table as well. thank you very much. >> is it fair to understand with this new resolution that, compared to three years ago, the international community is shifting from more pressure as an approach to north korea? >> definitely three years ago when the dprk had launched first the nuclear test of, conducted a nuclear test, council adopted resolution 1718

which contained a list of measures including sanctions. but you can see that most of the work has been left to come up with a list of entities, products and people and others. and until the last month when the dprk launched the ballistic missile, the sanction committee has come up with a list of three entities. so until this, the 1718 committee was in existence but not in a very much effective way. but i think the second nuclear testing by dprk together with the consecktive act i think has strengthened the resolves of the members of the security council particularly those countries in asia that are directly threatened. not only japan but also china and russia, not to speak of the

united states and other european countries and others. so it is true that this time this is a direct threat not only of the security of us, but also a direct threat to the known regime internationally. it is a very serious issue. it is still very fragile. and it has global implications. i think thats is background why the council has adopted this resolution unanimously. >> the chinese ambassador said that the cargo inspections shouldn't even any use of force. is that your understanding of the resolution? if that's the case, how is the cargo inspection going to be accomplished if north korea isn't going to submit? >> i think the picture isn't so simple, black and white. as i told you, the how to control the weapon program, nuclear weapon program, how to control the ballistic missile program, there are two aspects. to stop the flow of materials

goods which are needed for this, but also the flow of those things which means of obtaining finances for the nuclear weapons program. that's one thing. but also the flow of financial resources is also very important. so there are two aspects here. the continuing flow of the goods and supplies, and the financial resurses. and the financial resources is new in this area. but to go back to the inspection regime. there are several areas of inspection regime, primarily it would take place in territories or inspecting countries. ports, airports, and border control. all these places. i think this is according to this national regime and others is very clear. and the important thing is that all countries, including those countries like china and russia has agreed to this language of

how -- the inspections. so long as there is good information of the suspishes programs for this prohibited activity contained in the cargo. >> i think your question is about owe seas. >> it is true that this resolution provided that called on member states to inspect cargos if there is a suspicion of the cargo, with the consent of the country of the ship. and i think this is extremely important and effective so long as countries consent. and the willingness to do, we'll cooperate together the implementation. however the question would be if this ship from the dprk refused to be cooperating, what happens? you see that this resolution says that resolution means to

give council to direct the country, in this particular case dprk, to go to the nearest ship. this is the language. and then the inspection would be carried out in the port or whatever. obviously, the obvious answer to the question if cooperation is not taking place, what happens? well, of course the option is all possible measures. that could have been one possibility, involving potentially use of force. we took a long time to discuss on this one and we discussed several scenarios and everything, technically, legally, and all of the implications. and at this time wisdom has prevailed that the inspection regime on the open seas shall be on the basis of cooperation and content. and we hope that all countries who have the capacity and willingness to do join together with this kind of inspection

regime in open seas too. and i think this is an innovative innovation, extremely important to prevent brute force or flow of prohibited goods. may i say in japanese, because this is -- one more question. >> so you are saying this inspection has to be built on cooperation. if the flag country for this ship refuses to even let it go to another port to be -- you have no other powers to force them to let the ship be inspected. and my second question is, this resolution is really very strong and many people are surprised at how strong it was. and it shows the international community's position on this experiment. but what else do you have in your bag that you can throw at the north koreans if they continue with their provocational policies? >> the resolution just adopted,

1874, presupposes that kind of scenario that our asking the question. in other words, in the open seas, the country of the ship if it does not cooperate, does not provide consent, even refuses to be sent into the nearest port, what happens? the resolution having included the provision that if the inspection state does not get cooperation, this country will report to the security council. yes, 1718 committee. and we haven't said what is going to happen, but it is up to the security council and the committee to reflect upon incooperation. i'm not saying that one refusal to would cree ate one action by the council or another. but i think if this refusal is going to be reported to the

council and the committee, obviously there will be a scenario that the council may have to deal with this issue. so it is therefore -- although this resolution doesn't provide all authority of the measures, including use of force, it's true, but we have entertained scenario like this and i think the action should be kind of re solved. so in the future, i can't really predict. i don't want to predict what the council is going to do. >> you have more munition. >> i think what i wanted to emphasize here, because we shouldn't be directed by the very response provocative coming from many quarters, because the situation is very serious. no doubt about it. and i think what we should do is that after this resolution, very strong resolution as you've said, will be i think

tend sending a very clear signal. and i hope we are going to reach this message directly to the leader of the dprk and they will reflect upon it very carefully and make a strategic choice, what is the way? in other words, this resolution is effective. -- ineffective. in other words, it's not simply the wish list of hope of cooperation and other things. and the reason why we took so long time to come up with this series of actions including financial measures and other things is exactly to send not only a message, it's the importance how to -- the clear choice for the pdrk to cooperate with the united nations security council and stop developing nuclear weapons

and missile development. then all the cooperation and the prosperity and other things will be theirs. what is the choice? and i really don't think -- what we should do is take this situation very prudently and commonly, and the hope that the dprk will respond positively, constructively, rather than in a different way. and that is what i think we should see first of all. >> the government funding of direct age to colleges and their students really is a late 1950's, early 1960's thing that has grown rapidly since then. >> hillsdale college has never accepted government funding. and today not even

government-backed student loans is accepted. >> on thursday, house and senate negotiators met on capitol hill to work out a compromise bill authorize additional spending for the wars in iraq and afghanistan. the measure also contains money for international monetary fund, pandemic flu response, and the so-called cash for clunkers bill. this is about an hour and 25 minutes.

>> isn't it wonderful, we've spent $600 million on a new visitor's center and we still don't have a room that's better to meet in a conference. what a wonderful use of resources and what a wonderful sense of planning went into that. having gotten rid of my frustration for day. i thought that would take a moment to manifest itself. let me simply say that we're here to deal with, in the form of a supplement with the last

of the leftovers plus whatever other items that are being attached along the way. i'm willing to forego my opening statement in the hope that others will do the same so that we can get right to the business. so having said that, let me call on senator innoy first and then mr. lieu yiss and mr. cock ran and see how far we can go and how fast we can get there. >> mr. chairman, i thank you very much. i agree but that we've gone over the words long enough, it's time for work. this is a compromise package that both sides have worked on. none of us got everything we wanted. that's not in the nature of it. and i just want to thank you for the many courtesies. people have been telling me that this guy obeie is a tough nut to crack.

>> emphasis on the nut. >> but i must say it's been a pleasure working with you, sir. >> well, i feel the same about you. >> and if i may, like you, i've got a 20-minute statement to put into record. thank you very much. >> thank you. mr. lewis. >> thank you very much, mr. chairman. chairman obeie and i have been talking a little bit about this bill because there are some questions i have i may very well express some of those questions by way of my statement, if you'll be a bit patient with me. but in the meantime, i'm very pleased that we have at least temporarily moved to regular order in moving this supplemental. i must confess to being disappointed at the