cable satellite corp. 2011] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] >> tomorrow on c-span, all six of the declared candidates for the republican national committee chairmanship debate for the first time. the list includes current chairman michael steele. watch live coverage at 1:00 p.m. eastern here on c-span. >> c-span is a profit nonprofit company created in 1979 by the cable television industry as a public service. up next, a look at china's central television annual end of the year review. focusing on domestic events and issues. then the department of interior's renaming ceremony, honoring former interior secretary. after that, several journalists

and scholars talk about the 2008 attack in mumbai, india. >> c-span's original documentry on the supreme court has been newly updated. today you'll see the grand public places and those only available to the justices and their staff. and you'll hear about how the court works, from all the current supreme court justices, including the newest justice. also, learn about some of the court's recent developments. the supreme court, home to america's highest court, airing for the first time in high definition. today at 6:30 p.m. eastern on c-span. >> now china's central television presents its annual end of the year review. focusing on domestic events and issues. some of the topics include last april's earthquake that killed more than 2,000 people. the nation's economy and health care system and the chinese space program. this is an hour.

>> welcome to china diary 2010. like all the years ahead of it, 2010 has been an eventful one for the people's republic. we will review some of the mainly stories over the past 12 months. some are happy. some are sad. but all are historic. as china has become an important force in the world, it has become economically and politically confident and that hosts the key to the future of this nation. but the confidence should start from bottom up. leadership started to get online, to listen, to talk, to

get the pulse of the nation. >> chinese people have a lot on their minds. housing, inflation, employment, health care, food safety and much more. these issues often concern the country's top leaders and just before the national people's congress, premier went online to find out what the people think. >> i may not answer the questions completely nor solve the problems of everybody, but it gives me a chance to get help from the people. >> the website of china's largest news agency set up the chat in this room. >> the premier started by telling chatters he brought with him a whole heart. but he also seemed to be

reversed because he didn't even bring a piece of paper. the answers were all in his mind. he picked questions that best represent public concerns. >> in a little over two hours, internet users around the country submitted 400,000 questions, most were complaints and suggestions. submissions were also made by text message and live web cast got 13 million hits. a recent survey indicates nearly 1/3 of china's population used the internet, making it the largest online community in the world. many of them go online to voice their views. >> when the central or local governments formulated their plan, they're more and more willing to listen to what people have to say. from many draft bills, they solicit public opinions first. they then discuss and analyze these suggestions to make changes to the draft.

there have been many such examples. exchange has seen by many as an example to lower level officials. about a quarter of officials at county level and above often surf yo online and almost a half use the internet occasionally. >> online communication between the governments and internet users is providing a convenient channel for decision makers to hear people's voices. on the other hand, it shows people's growing sense of participation in national and regional development. the decisionmakers can therefore use people's will to formulate policies in a more scientific way, to reduce cost and increase efficiency. >> over the years, they have organized many online chats by topics. the striber, he fingertips go

to cyber space. >> the program keeps the comeback next year. >> that means the dialogue is far from over. more and more chinese officials are using the internet to explain policies when increasingly vocal and demanding public. it is part of broader efforts by the government to be more responsive and successful and this later transparency and interaction means better inclusiveness. >> and joining us for this program is vice chairman of china institute of innovation and development strategy. mr. wu, the internet has changed the way people communicate and how the government works. and many chinese leaders

acknowledge that they get online to listen to people's grievances but how much do you think it affected their decision making? >> i think it factors a lot, the way the chinese leadership -- [inaudible] the die niece people. internet has been changing the world, not only the way of the government but also the people, the way people get information, people communicate with one another. so certainly the way the chinese government is getting information from people sch more direct. i think in two ways. from people, the government can get the information much more easily. on the other side, the people also is getting -- getting information from governments much more easily. certainly it changes the way of the government. >> many are wondering which

task china will pursue in the coming decade. will we be economically better off? will we have deeper political reform? what are your thoughts? >> two things are very important. first -- [inaudible]. china has a long history of a brutal regime. more than 2,000 years. that regime means rule of men, not rule of law. i think opening up to outside rule and reform, we adopt so many laws, so many regulations, so we want the rule of law. and that means democracy. democracy is china's goal. we would like to make china prosperous, democratic, sieve liesed -- sieve liesed har-- civilized harmonious country. above all we need more democracy within the chinese communist party. then i think democracy will

make more headway in other parts of china. >> ok. thank you. thank you. >> thank you. >> this is where 150 men were

dug out alive in marne. they were among the 153 co-miners who were trapped some 200 meters underground. the remaining 38 did not make it. the mining industry is still a deadly business. that's why the rescue astonished the world and moved so many. and from here the entire industry has started to review its regulations to get things right. >> this is the rescue that captured the heart of the nation. >> surviving eight days and eight nights drinking filthy water and eating dirty coal, 115 miners persevered through the darkest moments of their lives and held on until rescuers finally arrived.

he was among the first group of workers found on april 5. eight months later, we meet him again in his home village. he tells us it was the thought of his family that helped him get through the grueling ordeal. >> he may look like many other guys in china, a loving father and a down to earth person, but by talking to him, we learn that the trauma endured in march has actually taken a heavy toll. he says every now and then he has nightmares of being trapped in a cave, in the daytime he's offer depressed. and worst yet, the acute injuries to his body might be gone but chronic pains remain with him.

500 kilometers away, the mine responsible for the worst nightmare of his life remains largely sealed off. a ventilation system is the only item under construction. we're told that after the incident, nine people, including the project manager and the chief engineer, were arrested for negligence of duty. now looking back, perhaps the biggest legacy after the massive rescue operation was the fact that the -- it forced government to put in stricter safety regulations. for example, an accountability system has been set up that says, if you're the owner of a mine, you have to go down a shaft with your miners or you'll be severely punished. the mining corporation said it has ordered all staff members to study the new regular laces over the past eight months and

now the only recourse is to wait for approval for state authorities to reopen the site. >> we fired those who were responsible for the incident in march and ordered everybody in the company to study new mining safety rules. we also tried to identify potential safety loopholes. we need a lot of soul searching in the last few months. >> many believe a soul searching process throughout china's mining industry couldn't be more thymely. in spite of significant safety record improvements in recent years, china's coal mines rank among the most dangerous in the world. most of the victims are farmers turned miners. he has been without a job for eight months and he doesn't know if he'll ever work again because his constant leg pains doesn't allow him to perform manual labor any longer and he doesn't have many other skills. just 29 years of age, he says he's not sure what the rest of his life holds in store. but there's one thing he's sure of. that he will never set foot in

another coal mine. >> and on that topic we're joined by my colleague. this time 115 men were saved. what is behind the rescue of the operation? >> first of all, we're all very impressed by the perseverance of the miners. they were under for eight days and eight nights. they went through hell. first of all, to survive they strapped themselves to the walls of the shaft so they wouldn't drown when sleeping. to stop their starvation they ate tree bark, dust and eventually coal. so really they held on to the minute when the rescuers survived. in a sense i think the miners, they saved themselves and of course on the other hand the rescue operation was very well organized. on top of the large number of rescuers we had the satellite van that was parked not far from here, through which chinese premier could talk directly to local authorities and we have a lot of geologists and engineers around to advise

the rescue team to make sure the rescue operation was conducted scientifically and finally of course we have the state-of-the-art drilling equipment and also 100 ambulances lined up over here. overall this is a very impressive and well coordinated rescue. >> you visited many of the rescue operations and also natural disaster scenes. what do you think of the relief effort and the response system here in china? >> well, often times some people frown upon the fact that china is still largely a top-down society where major decisions were made by the inferior executing orders from the superior. but it is precisely this system that has proved to be effective in the disaster relief system. it was not only the case here, it was also the case in the case in august and it was also the case in numerous flooding across the southern chinese provinces this summer and also

in these disasters we have observed an increasingly openness from chinese government to media. we as journalists almost had complete access to all the disaster sites and areas, interviewing all the officials as well as the victims. i think it will be fair to say that in the past two years, from the earthquake until now, china's emergency response system has come a long way. >> ok. thank you. china has seen more than its fair shares of natural disasters. an earthquake shook in april. and changed the lives of tibetans there forever. >> hello. this april it was hit by two strong earthquakes. thousands were killed and even more people were left homeless. after eight months i come back to this place to find out what the current situation of their lives are. this man is running this small

grocery store to earn a living after the earthquake. her 9-year-old daughter is on winter vacation and helps her mother take care of business. it's cold here, she mumbles. i want a real home. she doesn't want to recall the earthquake and she never mentions her husband. she just says, her priority is to raise her three daughters alone. in this weather, coal is expensive and so is cow dung. she burns everything she can in temperatures here can reach minus 20 degrees celsius. she worries that the kids cannot fear the cold -- bare the cold. this winter is tough for the tibetans living on this

raskradged land but they're beliefs can support them to get through. they believe their government can rebuild their homes and they believe their gods can keep them safe from other disasters. this county has the largest collection of stones in the world. the temple was damaged in the earthquake but the faith of the believers never collapsed. every day thousands of worshipers visited the historic site, circling around and praying. >> the government has allocated money to repair the stones. experts estimate that the work can be finished in two years. then the stones will be even bigger. >> the lights of local tibetans

changed dramatically after the earthquake. many lost their relatives, their friends and their health. they say the only thing they have now is hope. >> i really thank the government for helping us recover from the disaster. i hope next year we can move into new houses that meet the new safety standards. >> although the reconstruction is temporarily halted, markets have strung up beside the rubble. commodities are available, including meat, fruste fruits, vegetables and even birthday cakes. local residents believe their future is bright and this is the first step.

>> you're watching the china diary. if this cannot stand for change standing on the largest city in

china, a center of finance and idea. if the 2008 beijing olympics was the country's coming out party, the shanghai world expo starting from this may is a full costume drama. a massive impact and one message above all, china will concentrate on innovation. >> this was the hottest destination this summer in china. and shanghai expo countries from around the world presented their cultural identities with great designs. most visitors have chance to visit awful these places but the world came to shanghai. one of the most visited pavilions, the china pavilion received 50,000 visitors every day. the idea of this popular site began hundreds of miles away at

the south china university of technology. for them, the design must stand the test of time. >> visitors say it's like an official's hat, a barn, a hot pot or even a table. the china pavilion is designed to be a permanent structure. it's elevated to make way for more public space and integrates with the environment. >> like the china pavilion, architectural marvels are powered by unseen signs that point toward a futuristic lifestyle. the largest application of solar panels to generate electricity, building that uses 0% less energy through wind camps, wind powers and hybrid cars. these low-carben technologies calling us to go green and go clean. they worship the future of chinese cities. >> one of the lasting legacies

of the expo is the low-carben technologies display through and inside the pavilions. the, poe show what is we can do -- the expo show what is we can do. >> harmonious and sustainable living is at the core of the event. for many of local people, the most tangible legacy will be both decades worth of investments. new tracks with subway systems, a new domestic airport was opened and old neighbor neighborhoods renovated. it is seen as a growing city that has transformed itself. >> people say that the expo has pushed forward shanghai's modernization by 10 years. the infrastructure upgrade and improved city environment is going to benefit everyone who visits the city. >> the expo has changed the life of this man as well. the 73-year-old used to divide

his time between two areas. he's now keen to pass on experience to his students. who continue to build better cities and lead better lives. some pavilions were saved, some others will be dismantled in the month ahead but the impact of the world expo will remain. its ideas of harmony and originality will become the most treasured asset. the physical and spiritual legacy that expo leaves behind will inspire and encourage people to carry on and create even brighter future in post expo era. >> and on that topic, we are joined by dr. robert from kuhn foundation. what legacy has it left behind and how much has it changed shanghai and china? >> one could always look at creativity, technology as intellectual proving specific things. and all of that was wonderful.

but even beyond that if we look at the grand overview of expo, we have two emergent theems that come together. the first is focused on cities, on bringing the world's best technologies to cities, and the second is the emergence of china. so for the first, the whole world's creativities come together to give to china on chinese soil the best way of thinking about cities, new technologies, and the second is that these countries have recognized that china is emergent in the world, is one of the great powers and one of the great responsible powers because expo shows that indeed the peace and prosperity of the 21st century will be to a large degree dependent upon china and china's continuing emergence as a great and responsible country. now this brings burden as well as benefit to china. because china now has great responsibility to do its share

in the world in many different fields and expo 2010 shanghai was the beginning of china's contribution to the world, as well as the world's contribution to china. that's the great legacy. ♪

>> religion and ethnicity influence everything. and the central leadership always take that into account. this year a especially economic zone was set up and a new communist official took the helm of the western region. he came with a new set of policies that set the course for the rest of the region for years to come. >> mountainous plains, asian land, traditional architecture and a simple life are the pillars of this cri culture. now the sprawling cities are embracing progress and moving forward into its brand new era. something new does happen here with new changes. it has evolved to become a pearl in western china with an impressive past and bright future. much of this change has been

driven by a range of government policies to boost development of the region that were drafted at a central work conference in may where it was named as the newest economic development zone. this city that has long been a prosperous trading hub was given state-level approval to establish itself as west china's first economic development zone. few people took this region part of china's 12th five-year plan. local people are making their plans by reaping the benefits of the trfings. restaurant owner told me about his plan. >> it boasts so many opportunities now. there are more tourists visiting here, many of whom visit my small restaurant every day. now i'm planning to open two more. >> he has witnessed the tourism surge in recent years. previously notorious with visits in winter but this year has been different.

nobody's more aware of this growth in visitors than the secretary general of their tourism bureau. he expressed his satisfaction. >> the situation of tourists has resulted in -- [inaudible] it increased by 6% year on year while the income is up 40% over the same period. >> tourism is not the only field that is stepping forward. the vice president of cash car's administrative bureau business has witnessed the commerce investment upsurge in the city during 2010. >> it has increased five fold over the past years. expectations. >> kashgar is opting for boosting its profile and it will stand to benefit from

preference trade policies. despite the city's transfer into an economic hub, there are shortcomings that still need to be addressed. >> the big problem is the transportation policy is not very good for these kinds. but the people don't know how to use these policies. >> khan said this action must be taken to ensure kashgar grows from its economic infancy. this will boost trade and business with neighboring countries as well as the national economy. it means a new front teep tear and now the region is rearing with its own economic development zone. .

>> what is life at foxconn like?

this woman told us her job was to assemble a tiny part of a cell phone the 200 times per day every day. >> i can withstand the pressure. i am young and optimistic about life. it depends on personality. the work may be tougher for some people. >> the spate of suicides put the workers under the spotlight. people worried about the working conditions, their lives and their dreams. factory workers powered china's economic growth. there is competitiveness or low- cost made in china products. living standards have improved. they are demanding their rights

were openly. after the suicide at foxconn, the company offered a 30% salary increase to workers, the biggest ever. they also offered psychological eight -- aid to those who need it. this man -- this woman earns more than $2,000 per month. now she shares a rented room. she says her life is happy and she has hope. she spends her spare time learning graphic design in hopes of getting a more sophisticated and better paying job in the future. she told us our plan is to save enough money and to go back to

her hometown, a village to be with her family -- to build her own house and start her business. >> i hope i can make it in the future. >> it has never been more evident than in 2010, the era of low-cost labor is coming to an end. labor costs in china is a hard fact in the manufacturing district. >> early in november, an abc news crew traveled to china to cover the economy. we are joined by david.

your network has broadcast a series of reports on china. what difference has it made on the american understanding of this country and its people? >> i travel to china with our anger woman, diane sawyer. -- our anchorwoman, diane sawyer. we talked to many chinese families and parents who worked at the factories. i traveled to shanghai. those parents just want a better future for their children. many of them leave their children behind to be raised by their grandparents as the parents work hard in the factories for the wages. they send much of the money back home so the child has a better future and a better education further down the road. what the american audience here learn from that is that that is a similar dream to what we call in this country "the american dream." >> let's talk about employment.

the chinese word about their jobs just as americans do. they work longer hours and in worse conditions. what do you make of this discrepancy? >> i think that was something that was barry telling. -- very telling. the factory workers there make less money than the factory workers here. factory workers or if they will be able to compete to get their factory jobs back. it is more competitive for companies to set up and hire workers if they can pay workers less in china. you make an important point. we learned that the chinese are concerned about their jobs like americans are. we are dealing with unemployment that is near 10% and has been for quite some time. i was on the streets in beijing for the final days of our trip.

i met a woman who had just come out of a job interview. she has survived the first interview and she was going to the second one. she wanted us to wish her well and we did. people here are hoping for the same kind of well wishes as they look for work here in this country, too. pointing out stark differences, we were also able to find similarities between workers here and the citizens of china who just want to find a good job. >> on one side, the americans with -- the american consumer's benefit from low-cost chinese products. on the other hand, some doubts get shipped to china. >> that is the great paradox. it is important that to point that out.

here in america, they are able to walk in and buy goods that are cheaper here because they are made in factories in china. they are able to buy them at a cheaper price here in america. on the other hand, as you pointed out earlier, that sets up competition for jobs in factories because the jobs are over in china and some of them have left this country for china. it sets up an imbalance in the minds of american workers. it is a little bit of push-pull. our country is concerned about jobs. that is the number one issue you wear -- you will hear, how do we strike the balance? how do we continue to keep jobs in america? >> thank you for your report from new york. >> thank you for inviting us to china. >> china dirae top-10 memories of the year, policies and

economies -- china diary, top 10 memories of the year told by people at the hall -- people at the heart of the stories. cctv news.t >> there is new thinking in chinese foreign policy. chinese diplomats say china will remain a peaceful country. there is no place like home, even if it is a small fishing village that offers a humble sense of comfort in the absence of modern furnishings. chinese trawlers made international headlines when a fishing boat collided with a japanese coastguard in the east china sea.

detaineds owner was and returned home after a week of protests by the chinese government. >> the islands are part of chinese territory. it was them who broke the law. >> bilateral relations are experiencing a lull. -- experiencing a lull -- a low period. it is largely unavoidable. less than two months after the ship's collision, deadlines were released pinpointing to as the main rival. >> the ruling democratic party

in japan lacks experience. the u.s. remains the biggest outside influence. walk,st a few minutes' fishermen are busy preparing for their next boy is. the trawler is still haunted by his ordeal and unable to summon the resolve to head back out to sea. the fishing trawlers are just one issue facing chinese diplomacy. there are complications are rising from the strong u.s. will to maintain its strong influence in asia. >> this relationships between china and the dprk.

-- tense relationships exist between china and dprk. position hasa's given the world a sigh of relief. >> that has become more confident with our economic goals. but china remains a developing country. >> the fishing boat cost a little over 4000 u.s. dollars, roughly 1/11 of the per-capita gdp in the u.s.

it is the lifeline of these fishermen and their families. >> we are now joined by the chinese ambassador to germany. mr. ambassador, that has been enjoying assertiveness. there is a dispute with the south china dispute -- is it with the south china sea. >> china's diplomacy is serving world peace and stability. it is true that some countries are showing muscles. by conducting large-scale military maneuvers, everyone

sees we are doing that. i do not think the world has become more critical toward china. it shows that some people believe the west is psychological out of balance because of the fact that china has done what an independent sovereign state should do and must do. >> there is an expectation that china can play a leadership role in international affairs. we know that china's diplomacy always serves its own domestic agenda. do you think china's born policy will be more proactive and aggressive in the future? >> china plays a responsible world according to its ability. i do not think china will adjust

its foreign policy in order to be more aggressive. i think china will be more cautious and will do everything possible to serve its domestic agenda and also to serve peace and stability. >> thank you.

the mother in -- the millennium- old household british rate system register system -- register as people living in the cities and the countryside. ti has to overhaul the system. that overhaul -- china have to overhaul the system. people want the reforms to go further. this woman comes to the local hospital twice a week for dialysis. this is why she cancer by. each treatment costs at least

300 chinese yuan -- this is why she can survive. each treatment costs at least 300 chinese you want. but how can -- at least 300 chinese you want -- chinese yuan. she has medical insurance that will cover most of the cost of treatment. >> it has solved a big problem for us. otherwise my family could not afford such a huge expense. i am quite relieved now. the couple are not the only ones benefiting from medical insurance. hundreds of medical -- hundreds

of migrant workers have been brought into the system. in the last four months, more than 1 million people have become residents. most of them are migrant workers and college students from the countryside. they will have equal opportunities in finding jobs, social security, and education. their dream of being urban residents have come true. but the policy is not welcomed by everyone. this man is a skeptic of the policy. >> i do not want to give up my firm land. this is more reliable. >> nowadays, farmers bit more government subsidies. once their fields are -- nowadays, farmers get more government subsidies. once their fields are used, they get less money.

>> there is a pause in concerning the benefits of millions of people that leads to -- it is a policy concerning the benefits of millions of people that leads to debate. >> the ultimate goal is to send a 10 million farmers into urban of 2020. by the end it is profoundly affecting a society where the urban and rural residents have been separated for decades. the designers of the policy have described the wonderful future. but it is too bad early to tell whether the results are good or bad.

>> chinese ambition is not just on the ground. they have set their sights on a space. in 2008, china sent the first man into orbit. the country launched a probe that circles the earth. and there is no doubt they will take it even further into the

cosmos. a monumental moment toward china. another step closer to realizing chinese dreams of flying to the moon. for the first time, china's probe is sent 380 kilometers away from -- 380,000 kilometers away from earth. >> china 2 is completely under our tracking and control. >> she is one of the chief engineers of the tracking and control system. she has been working in space exploration since graduating from the university 14 years ago. she says it takes extreme patience, hard work, and team spirit. the equipment and payload have

specific scientific objectives. >> the most intense moment was the satellite adjustment. even the slightest this cancellation -- slightest miscalculation could result in damage. the satellite was on the far side of the mode outside of our tracking and control. we had to rely on our automatic control systems. >> on november 8, a photo was unveiled of the month. it was taken with a high resolution of 1.5 meters. now they are testing dina's first space laboratory. it is expected -- now they are testing china's first space

library -- first space laboratory. 2011 will see the launch of the central space craft. it will docked in orbit to test the rendezvous and docking operation. >> this will be another leap over for china's space technology. -- leap forward or china posttechnology. >> it will help china set up a lunar base. the country wants to go beyond the moon to mars and venus. >> the command center has already directed china's 3 manned spacecraft.

they say this has paved the way for an unmanned landings. eventually, they want to send a man to the moon. >> the red hot chinese economy is the envy of the world. this is no reason for complacency. growth and -- china's

growth and stability will always be a challenge. >> they rent an apartment in beijing for slightly more than $2,000 a month. inflation makes it increasingly difficult to make ends meet. >> my wife and i make about 5000 yuan a month. if the rents continue to rise, we will consider moving to a cheaper place. we have been married for two years. we do not think we will be able to afford to raise a baby or buy a home. >> many ordinary chinese are feeling the pinch of inflation. in november, the consumer price index was its highest in over two years.

in december, the economic conference made lowering inflation at a key economic task. economists predict china will realize economic growth at about 9% this year. inflation poses a serious threat. >> if inflation becomes high and deteriorated. , we have, no time, and no way to maintain the growth to promote the change in the market. >> the government has taken a combination of monetary measures.

they height benchmark interest rates twice. experts predict more monetary tightening in 2011. in the meantime, something needs to be done to increase people's income. >> another important advantage is the income distribution. we produce economic problems, but also social problems. in the next five years or 10 years. , our government will try to address the income despair's bid by reforming the taxation structure and improving --

address the income disparity by reforming the taxation structure. >> this is good news for this couple because they will be direct beneficiaries of government support. reining in inflation without hurting economic growth is a big challenge. how well people receive the benefits from the country also economic miracle? >> on that topic, we are joined by a chief economist from ubs securities. the chinese economy is doing pretty well this year. it concerns over inflation have been growing. how much of a threat is it?

>> growth is better than most people have expected. food prices have increased quite a bit. there are concerns about quantitative easing outside of china. at this moment, expectations have increased and are rising. inflation is still controllable next year. but the risk is quite high. >> the chinese government has done a lot to boost domestic consumption. people still do not have enough money in their pockets and did not heal safe enough to spend. what is lacking in our economic policies? >> the key word going forward is a change in economic growth models. the key adjustment in the next five-year plan is to increase household income. that is the most important

thing. that means more employment so that graduates from college can find jobs. migrants from the world side can find jobs. -- from the world bank -- from the world areas -- from the rural areas can find jobs. we have seen some progress. but more needs to be done in the next two years. >> thank you.

we are about to enter the second decade of the 21st century. it will be key to this country. china also future is built on its past. it is full of promise. that closes this year's china diary 2010. thank you for watching. happy new year. >> c-span is a private nonprofit company created in 1979 as a public service. next up, the department of interior renaming ceremony honoring stewart udall.

later, a conservative perspective on issues in the news. tomorrow on "washington journal," a preview on the new session of congress. and andrew biggs of the american enterprise institute. that is live at 7:00 a.m. eastern here on c-span. tomorrow on c-span, all six of the declared candidates for the republican national committee chairmanship will debate. the moderators will be grover norquist and tucker carlson. what live coverage at 1:00 p.m.

eastern here on c-span. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2010] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] >> the supreme court airing today at 6:30 p.m. eastern on c- span. >> the interior department building was giving the name of former interior department's secretary stewart udall. speakers at the ceremony include the parent interior secretary ken salazar and severaludall

-- and several udall family members. this is one hour and 30 minutes. >> the it is and gentlemen, please stand for the color guard and remained standing for the national anthem.

[national anthem ]

>> please welcome mr. robert stanton, senior adviser to the secretary of the interior, ken salazar. >> good morning. secretary salazar, distinguished members of the united states congress, honored members of the udall family, friends all. i am pleased to serve as your moderator for today's ceremony and to welcome you on behalf of secretary salazar and the men and women of the u.s. department of interior. i want to thank ms. fletcher of the bureau of land management and the honor guard for their contributions to the opening of this morning's ceremony. i would also like to thank the

producer of the film "stewart udall," for granting us permission to show that outstanding documentary. i am also pleased to have members and former members of the united states congress. with us today is sheldon whitehouse from the state of rhode island. also the congressman john tanner and the former minority leader of the house of representatives. please join me in applauding these members of congress. [applause] we also have with us one of our own and one of our former owner,

former secretary of the interior. dirk, we are glad you could be with us. certainly, members of the udall family who will appear on the program with us this morning. i would like to recognize mr. denis udall and two of his sisters. if they are here, could you please stand? [applause] i also want to ask that you join me in applauding our leader, secretary salazar, on his leadership in working with the members in the leadership of congress and with the udall in

hosting us here today in this special place. ladies and gentlemen, our leader, secretary salazar. [applause] many of the friends of secretary stewart udall and the udall family who could not be here today have asked that i express to you their best wishes and greetings. along those -- among those are robert kennedy, jr., dr. david lewis and our own former secretary of the interior bruce babbit. we are extremely grateful that family members, members of congress, and others have joined us to pay privilege and offer a reflection on the life and

legacy of secretary udall. it will offer a perspective on him as a leading conservationists, author and lecturer, member of congress, a writer for the rights and welfare of first american, a fighter for the voice of president kennedy's frontier. he is most endeared by his family and friends who will share their reflections. his accomplishments with respect to sweeping environmental legislation continues to -- continue to serve us well. both of us have the opportunity on a day-to-day basis to witness, experience, and enjoy his legacy. for example, for the theater and be read inauguration of the

theater that had been -- re- inauguration of the theater that had been dark for 50 years. certainly, here in washington, d.c., the historic home of one of our nation's great its leaders, described by lincoln as the most meritorious man he has ever met, for a douglas. that home has been visited by secretary salazar by his children. i advise you to visit all those places and those programs and remember the legacy of stewart udall. it was his leadership that brought those into our consciousness. i would like to share my reflection on our secretary. it was my great pleasure in the

october of 1997 to join with our former first lady mrs. lady bird johnson at the lady bird johnson national historic site to welcome secretary udall on the location of a film produced by the national park service. it was a beautiful location. at the close of the premier, mrs. johnson invited, along with her daughter, the secretary and yours truly to join her in the living room of the texas white house, as it was known during president johnson's presidency. it was on that occasion that i had the opportunity to reflect on something that occurred on the less than 2 hour drive from lbj historical park.

it was the first time i and many others first heard the name of stewart udall. it was the year of 1961 or 1962. it was under his leadership that students at his starkly black colleges and universities were recruited. blacktoric ally colleges and universities were recruited. he said i welcome you to the department of the interior even though you may not walk through the front door of restaurants. i heeded the secretary's colorado in 1962. -- the secretary's colorado --

call in 1962. nearly three months after i was concerned -- confirmed by the senate as the 15th director of the national park service. i am grateful to stewart udall. [applause] let me close. i have look at all of the accomplishments that will be shared with us today. i have concluded and i respectfully and humbly ask your consideration as we celebrate

the life and legacy of stewart udall. the ball all else, -- above all else, his legacy aspires -- his legacy inspires us. it is his unwavering humility. perhaps the 43 year-old president who appointed him at the age of 41 to you -- to lead this department said it best. i am certain that when the dust of centuries have passed over our cities, we will be remembered not by victories or defeat, in battles or politics, but for our contributions to the human spirit. john f. kennedy. our spirits are deep today in

the remembrance of stewart udall. certainly, his legacy shall in door. thank you very much. [applause] it is my great honor to introduce and invite to the podium miss laura udall, daughter of stewart udall. she provides leadership in consummation in the spirit of her father in a wide range of conservation programs. she is the director of an outstanding consummation program that makes grants to support the indigenous rights and livelihood helping grass-roots

people to find their own destiny in terms of maximizing the use and resources in their care. ladies and gentlemen, join me in welcoming the daughter of secretary stewart udall, miss laura udall. [applause] >> good morning everyone and welcome. when my daughter died in march, our family was overwhelmed with an outpouring of love. they told me he helped me write an article. he help me save a little piece of land that was geared to make. or simply, he was a friend of mine. he took his mentoring seriously.

even in his last two years, his doors were open to all who walks through them. but bob called himself troubled. he was deeply troubled about the future of this plan. he believed in our capacity to reinvent and renew ourselves. he was and earth deeper and scientists. you will hear of his many accomplishments to date. he had two of fighting qualities that aided him well. he was the assistant and he was stubborn. you will hear about this 20-year battle in the courts and congress to ensure that not all uranium miners were compensated for their long cancer and when they died, their widows would be taking care of. 20 years. today and in the future, you can honor him in two ways. ordo speaking, but by the specifically asked that no one

speaks -- for those speaking, a father asked that no one speaks for more than a four minutes. secondly, whatever work that you do, i hope you leave here inspired today. inspired about his life and that you leave here determined to keep up the good fight. remember to be persistent and the stubborn. do it for him. do it for your community. most of all, do it for future generations. thank you. [applause] >> we will now hear from several of stewart udall's friends and

colleagues with reflections. >> thank you. it is a great honor and a personal privilege to share in the honoring of one great guy. it was only several months ago when stored and the former wyoming governor and i -- several months ago when stewart and the former wyoming governor and i were together. he was his old self. warm, wise, witty. full of questions. sharing old war stories. softened by the oil of friendship and enlivened with much laughter. great fun. tom and joe were there. simpsons go and the

back quite a ways. my father was in the u.s. senate when stewart was secretary of interior. brother -- his brother mo and i shared many years in congress. they used to say that we needed a new word jokes. i said, no, we need new audiences. [laughter] we used an ancient and archaic term. his son mark and maggie shared much. the cousins have done well politically. tom and mark have over succeeded domestically. my time is limited. i have not seen anybody waving

their arms. they monitor its, as stewart wished. over half of my state of wyoming is owned by the federal government. we are a tenants. sometimes we have had arrogant and imperious landlords. i see a chuckle somewhere out there. before and since the time of stewart udall. what made him one of our most popular land boards is that he listened to us. he did not lector to us. he understood us. it was a fellow westerner and a believer in the code of the west. a handshake kind of person. he tried to always make things work for the benefit of the country and not for the competing parties. this is called leadership. he and my father was arguing

spiritedly. he said, you are a tough hombre ./ by father replied with a chuckle, you are no bar band either. the-you are no bargain either. -- you are no bargain either. when people see the name on this building, i hope they think of a man of grace, passion and humility. those who travel the high road of humility are not troubled by heavy traffic. [laughter] thank you. [applause] thank you for this special day and for having me here.

it is so right, so good, so deserved. he knows all of this because he is out there somewhere in the cosmos. what a way to see his legacy in door. he used the same language and the same words. thank you. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the honorable alan simpson. next we will hear reflections from the daughter of president lyndon johnson and lady bird johnson from the commonwealth of virginia. [applause] >> following alan simpson is like calling billy graham's at a prayer breakfast. we would like to talk about someone about the placement next time. i was invited to speak because my mother and stewart udall were lovers. [laughter]

of the natural beauty of this country. [applause] daddy complained that whenever he turned around, mother was off with stewart somewhere, at the edge of a cliff overlooking the pacific war at the john adams house with john adams' great great granddaughter. stewart was always up for adventure and he and my mother savored every moment together. in him, she found a soul mate. according to mother, she'd felt that conservation was at the top of the agenda for the nation's health, joy, and abundant light of our citizens. but in the spirit of complete disclosure, i will have to tell you that stewart and mother did have obstacles to their

environmental affairs. stewart was not mother's only partner. there were at least two cabinet members on your dance card. there came a time when both of them wanted their way. it became known by the national security council as the great cherry tree crisis. i only know about this from liz carpenter. this is the jist of it. the ambassador of japan announced that the prime minister wanted to get 35,000 cherry trees to mother's beautification effort. as liz carpenter describes it, the gift was a trojan horse. ever since those cherry trees were given in 1912, the department of agriculture had fought to keep all fallen fruit bearing trees are out for fear of contaminating our natives.

now the state department was on tenterhooks. not to insult an ally but get great trees for mother. stored called my dear friend, agricultural secretary free man. she said it would be embarrassment to the old- embarrassing to turn down the prime minister's gift. secateurs three men said storage was being pigheaded. the japanese knew all about our quarantine of fruit trees. to save face, $45,000 in japanese cherry trees were found in an orchard and the japanese were asked to pay for these territories. the state department, the

japanese government, and both secretaries were mollified. the city of washington received 30 a hundred cherry trees. and you thought stewart and mother only had problems with the billboard industry. when it to fight for a clean, tidy, unspoiled america. he knew he needed to take congress along on the journey. he convinced congress to pass legislation to prevent the air and water pollution with the passage of the wilderness act 2%-3% of the acreage was left in its natural state for all generations to enjoy in for recreation, and does mother called it, breathing room. i leave you now with the pledges made as he left the secretary of the interior. "my involvement as a private

citizen in the causes i have espoused will continue. if ever to win the never-ending battle for these values, there can be no resignation or withdraw from the constant quest for an environment that the bill is the highest human attributes ." when i visited him in new mexico more than 40 years later, on stew was still working on his dream. thank you. [laughter] -- [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, rebecca adams son, president and founder for peoples worldwide. >> why do we in the native community love and honor stewart udall some much? the reason can be particularized in great multiplicity, but the overriding one is this. in the very throes of great

social change for the native community in the late 1960's after generation after disasters native american indian policies, stewart joined us. he joined us and in doing so he job -- he showed the country native brazilians. when stohr joined the native community, he led the nation -- when it stewart joined the native community he led the nation in history. it is a story of transformative power, standing, resisting, and triumphing over that which is wrong and inhumane. right over wrong was the cornerstone of his stance when he led an almost 20-year legal and legislative battle to get compensation for the navajo uranium miners. he remained helping compensation up until to thousand six. i pause, i suppose, in saying

anything here because all of us in native american or devastated, frankly, left adrift wondering who and where the next generation of leaders will emerge who can walk this path with us. hopefully his family and dollar his colleagues understand and appreciate the immense sense -- hopefully his family and all of his colleagues understand the immense sense of loss we felt that his passing. stewart was a figure so large and a presence and personality so powerful that he transcended ethnicity and all ethnic boundaries. in that sense, he belonged to everyone, that characteristic, indeed, was the prime source of the far reaching impact head-on congress, the impact, and of the ages beyond. his impact on some money was so great because his life in many telling and important ways sherds the life of federal

indian policy. it was his father, levi, who, in 1948, as chief justice of the arizona supreme court overruled the opinions and upheld the native americans did have the right to vote in may -- in arizona. like father like son. as the secretary of the interior, he was authorized by the alaska statehood act to give the millions of acres to the new state and the claimants. lanham that the alaskan natives believed was therirs. for native peoples, the question was simple. would start tilts in favor of the new state or would he carried the role as a trusty and carry of the interest of alaskan native land rights starks-- rights?

for native peoples, stork will always be revered for his principled defense of their land -- stewart will always be revered for his order that rose all land transfers in alaska until a fair and balanced means for recognizing native land rights was guaranteed. congress could have sidestepped the native claims but stewart udall, with his sense of fairness, used as part help establish the most generous land claim settlements in the american history. the alaskan native land claims act. in the end, it was the humility by which she carried all of his communities and public honors that made us love him the most. in all of my life, i have never known anyone who had more moral clarity than stuart. it was in turn the can intuitive for him. it was easily is part of him, so naturally. he carried it with a cent --

with a certain grace and ease. o how he deployed his humor. i would be a wealthy person for -- if i had a nickel every time if he could -- every time he charmed and disarmed. in my own language, cherokee, in english we would call him "a human being peacoat and is our highest aspiration to be a human being. in our cosmology, it means we sit close to our creator and are in the estate of a personal and collective balance and harmony with the universe. i will be forever grateful, as i know all the view here know him will be, for this remarkable human being who walked among us for a time and grace the lives of all him he touched.

-- whom he touched. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the chair of the board of trustees for the morris k. udall and stewart udall foundation. >> you had to follow allen. patty, your next drink you have nothing to worry about. -- you are next and you have nothing to worry about. we have heard from some fantastic speakers who could do a better job of talking about his accomplishments. i would like to talk about this human being before he becomes an icon. my relationship with stewart and the udall family goes back more than four decades. it is long and it is the. -- it is deep.

in all of this, one thing stands out more than anything house. one thing explains to me mr. mertz success, his spirit of generosity -- when they explained to me stohr's success. he came here to serve the american natives, the farmers, the small people whom he wrote about later in life. over four decades, i have witnessed time and again and unwavering spirit of giving and sharing unlike anything i have otherwise encountered in quartered decades of public life. stored in still this ethic of generosity in his own family. a guided his commitment. it has inspired others. he was a teacher and in the and a beneficiary. when i told stewart several

years ago that most children wanted his name to be forever joined with his brothers on a federal foundation which originally only had mo's name, he was astounded by the gesture. this, after all, is one of only four that have never been approved by congress. he said, "do you mean ann wants to share mo's honor with me"? yes, i said, and so does mark and brad. he broke down. it is the only time in four decades i have witnessed this man of strength identify his emotions. his remarkable life of achievement move toward his final act. the final act of decency that

characterized his life, and the generosity of spirit was renewed by another generation of udall's. it meant much more to him that all of the alkylates, awards, and trapezium joined over the course of a lifetime it -- all the accolades, awards, and trophies. i know he would be deeply honored by the dedication today. i also wondered, would he not with the stewart l. udall department of interior to the emblematic of much more than his achievements? the best way for all of us to honor him is to think of this as a monument to his statement ship -- statesmanship, but in this era marked by the meanness of public debate, to what one man can accomplish through the spirit of generosity. thank you, stewart udall. thank you to the udall family. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the

chairman of the board of the center for the american west. >> as secretary for the interior, stewart udall's goals were at once idealistic and impractical. he mobilized to help local -- local communities while also acting as a leader on a global scale. he knew how to build bipartisan bridges to reach those goals. today, more national parks, nine national recreation areas, 50 wildlife refuges, and 8 seashores stand as the most concrete results of his leadership. he americans the gift of a comprehensive road map, really, or a gps system to the idea is that moved him and the nation. it would be a long, long list of laws, programs, and decides that came into existence after his time in the office that are still part of his legacy.

this is a very stewart undertaking. this hot -- his time provided remedies for the affections of our time. he provided a brevities for roads, public services, government. he provided remedies for the cynicism that had made americans unable to think, speak, or act in the terms of the public good. he provided remedies for inhibiting cooperation between republicans and democrats. important to mention, this arose from his belief that arts and literature must orient public decision making in government. he enlisted writers and offered them to serve as writers-in-residence. they wanted to enterprise akko and important to the nation's

natural resources. with him in office, he got a 341, -- three-for-one. with other cabinet members have matched him in his appreciation of art and the clarity and vigor of his riding? -- writing? and the alacrity in richmond led a major transformation in american attitudes. with his appreciation of the arts, i cannot think of anyone, except for thomas jefferson. even though jefferson does set the bar pretty high, when we review a couple of centuries of cabinet officers, there are reasons to identify him as one of the very few that have had the spirit of jefferson. secretary udall has won a considerable advantage.

udall got a dramatically higher score for consistency. he broke his principles and actions and to reform or compatible relationship than jefferson writing the declaration of independence and serving as president does give a historical figure a leg up on the competition, but udall and unmistakably earned its place in the highest company of this list. my husband and i visited him in santa fe. we joined him on his walk. we walked at a moderate pace on the path down the st. john's university. when we hit the track of that school, stewart made his declaration which immediately acted on. "now we can pick up our pace." i hope you'll join me in storing that wonderful statement in your mind and spirit and put them to

work on behalf of the causes that stewart udall loved. "now we can pick up our case." [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, douglas brinkley, prof. of history, rice university. >> welcome the good morning. i want to think the udall family for having me here and secretary salazar. is a privilege to be here today at the department of the interior. we heard that we should not perhaps be thinking of the icon of stewart udall but as a humanist. he is an icon of american. he is, i think, the great secretary of the interior in u.s. history. we can say that now and that should be the tagline because he truly was. i have been finishing a book

called, "the quiet world" largely about alaska. the idea for the title came from the quiet crisis in many ways. there is a fact checker at the u.s. nation wildlife who is excellent and is one of these micro people that knows all of the history. he was checking over my chapters in my book about alaska and i told him i was coming here today to speak. he wrote me just a quick e-mail and it sums up the feeling of some many people that worked with the stewart udall in one way or another in his long and noble career. he wrote that stewart was a bride -- a great secretary of the interior, the first i got to meet in person of some many years ago. america truly lost a hero when he passed, but, gosh, he certainly did his share of pulling those heavy forms for

conservation and wilderness. all around us america has changed because of stewart udall. you see the american flag can think of storage udall during andld war ii flying b-24's working as a veteran for our country. i know when he flew that he would always look down on the land of america and recognize from an aerial position all of the interesting geographical features. as a westerner, he grew up and said he was really born in the wild, but he could shoot a duck from his back porch and he could hear the coyotes that night. he had a kind of global vision of the planet and a westerners feel for the landscape. in front of me is the symbol,

the bison on the front. he led a campaign in 1968 to change the symbol of the interior away from the bison to do something that dealt with clean air and water and a non mourned landscape. he loved the bison, but he thought it was a western symbol and american conservation had to take place on the eastern coast, too, where so many people are stacked up and pollution was occurring. there was a little public land. he once complained that in the east to could hardly make a move without seeing is signed "private property: no trespassing." he wanted to do something about that. briefly he got it approved to change the symbol, but it was interesting to me how much more of an environmentalist he was then an old style conservationist on tour. he was truly thinking, i think,

in a modern context of what we today think a global conservationist or the green movement until his very last days. i am writing about him in a biography. he was very concerned about climate change, the polar bears in alaska, the melting ice. he constantly thought of the planet. then we have these other photos here. john f. kennedy, stewart udall. the kennedys and loved mr. udall. they loved him. he was very close to the president. the quiet crisis, as we have heard, became his seminal text which launched the modern environmental movement. i could go on forever about what the gentleman did. just go to cape cod in the summer in the banks of the great national seashore. and always moved me that's during udall and john f. kennedy were willing.

when rachel carson was being smeared by people, they stood by her. they helped to make that change to make us rethink insecticides, pesticides, chemicals that we were dumping into the atmosphere. stewart udall really that that campaign to convince the kennedys to embrace rachel carson. he needs to be remembered for that. of course, lyndon johnson, we have yet to properly pay attention in our country to the great accomplishments of lyndon johnson's great society of the environment, the wilderness, clean rivers. is an extraordinary legacy. only theodore and franklin roosevelt match the conservation legacy of lyndon johnson. they are the big three. there were times when they did not see eye to eye. he see him there with lady bird johnson. london would get jealous of

stewart's son -- spending so much time with ladybird. stewart udall was her partner in beatification and getting rid of billboards. going to these incredible treasured landscapes. three of my favorite national parks are a result of the lady bird and stewart udall -- guadalupe mountains, the cascades. we could do scrolling list of all the places these two saved. and could get difficult. a story i like to tell of lyndon johnson. when a store udall's phone rang with johnson on the other line. he had just heard reports of how bad things were getting at lake erie and how bad the great lakes were. he said, "stewart, i hear the great lakes have these problems. i would be to clean of the great

lakes. that is an order." and he said, "i am in the department of the interior. we do not control the great lakes." and johnson said, "goddammit, stewart. when i think of dirty water i think of you. clean them up." [laughter] stewart just said "yes, sir" and went forward. we could rattle off all of these great places. they are like trophies. ever-present has a last -- every president has a list. hastert udall was the beginning of the thinking of urban wilderness which i know secretary salazar is very involved with and the great american actors are for going on. places like the chicago wilderness, houston wilderness.

how do we bring young people in america, minorities, people that are not visiting parks and how do we get nature and their lives? there were two people in the 1960's, william douglas, an underrated environmental historian, to tell people that they need to save areas within urban centers and bring wilderness to their life, and storage udall -- and stewart udall his entire time at the department of the interior was aimed at having people used resources. not just in the west, but he wanted all of our cities to have acceptable wilderness. we have not caught up get with when secretary udall was envisioning, but we're getting near. i want to thank the obama administration and secretary saws are for continuing stewart udall's hope to have wilderness in our lifetime.

thank you. [applause] >> ladies gentlemen, we will never hear reflections from the udall family beginning with the hon. senator mark udall who represents the great state of colorado. he is the nephew of stewart and his father is a former congressman morris udall. [applause] >> thank you. thank you. thank you to the announcer for calling it "the great state of colorado." i firmly believe that. i am here to talk about the udall family perspective. if stewart were here he would say we are not particularly special. there were more udall's in the phoenix phone book than there were jones's horsemen's's. how could that be? he said, "well, you take polygamy and you multiplied by

the exponential growth and you get lots and lots of udall's." it does not hurt when everyone is related for you -- to you when you run for public office. that is one lesson from arizona. i represent what we call the "modall" branch. i am representing her six siblings because we are so close to the capital. i am known as dr. udall's brother or maggie fox's husband, or brad's older, grayer, shorter brother. or eloise's nephew. it is a bittersweet day, is it not? i thought stewart udall would live forever. he was robust, active to his

last months, and he served so many important roles. he was a mentor to many of us. my wonderful and you had a wicked sense of humor wants to advantage of such a situation when and a family gathering at posted that stewart udall was acting as if he was a second father and playing that role in the modall plan. "stewart, thank god i know where you have been all these years. you were fathering mo's children when we were looking for you in our household." i have had a long and addictive a career in climbing mountains and being a mountain guide. my father began to send me newspaper articles about those who have been maimed, lost, and

died climbing those mounds. stored on the other hand would call me wanting to hear about my latest adventures. he was an adventurer and wanted to push the limits. for him, a life well lived had risks implicit in it. i think most importantly, and why this is so bittersweet and why i could never perceive of stuart not being with us, is that he was a poet. those of us in public service today was elected, appointed, or in a public service here, we need poetry in our daily lives. stewart would be quick to point out that poetry is not a sound bite. let me end on this note because these four minutes have been weighing on my right shoulder. he had a close friendship with the wonderful, perceptive western writer.

i will paraphrase this, but, in the west we have a particular responsibility to build communities to match your scenery. i want you to know that i believe deeply that we keep faith in stewart that he you symbolize the call. those who work here protect and husband our natural resources and preserve our inspirational american landscapes from acadia to the smokeys, to the everglades to the prairies, from mount denali. that will keep the call to action alive. that is what michael stewart would want. that is what stewart udall expects. -- that is what my on co-star it would want. thank you. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, we will hear from four of stewart's

grandchildren. first will leave -- will be amber reading robert frost followed by kyle frost reading "the road not taken" by robert frost. >> stopping by the woods on a snowy evening. whose woods these are i think i know he will not see me stopping here. my little horse must think it queer to stop without a farmhouse near. between the woods and frozen lake the darkest evening of the year. he gives his harness and shake to ask if there is some mistake."

of easy wind and downy flake. the woods are lovely, dark, and the but i have promises to keep and miles to go before i sleep and miles to go before i sleep." [applause] >> "the road not taken" are robert frost. "two roads diverged in a yellow wood and i am sorry i cannot travel both. to be one traveler and look down one as far as i could to where it leaves the undergrowth. to take the other is just as fair and having, perhaps, the better claim, though it was grassy and had wanted where, though the passing of their had warned them about the same." both that morning equally lay in

leaves, no step had trodden the icap the first for another day yet knowing how way leaves onto way, yet i doubt it if i should never be back. i shall be telling this with a sigh somewhere ages and ages hence two roads diverged in a wood and i, i took the one less traveled by, and that has made all the difference." [applause] >> and john udall will perform "were the mountains meet this the" written by denis udall, the son of stewart udall. >> my father wrote this song

about a month after nine grandfather died. this is called "where the mountains meet the sea." ♪ his spirits high he strolled up mountains to touch the sky hwe tagged along his motley crew seen nothin' my old man couldn't do that old man thin and frail lost in stars his eyes fell well, everything fades away even fame

but somewhere a canyon still calls his name has anyone seen my old man? has anyone seen my dad? mountains meethe the sea and bring him home to me where a desert canyon lands beaches of white virgin sands but for him an ancient river would not roar now it carries him to a distant shore he liked canyon trails

ran rivers, too he climbed mountains just for the view well, if when, we die, we go somewhere walking theree's has anyone seen my old man? has anyone seen my dad? look where the mountains meet the sea and bring him home to me ♪ [applause]

>> ladies and gentleman, reading "do not stand at my grave and we." >> "do not stand in my grave and weep i am not there. i do not sleep. i am a thousand winds that blow. i am the diamond glance on snow. i am the sunlight on ripened grain. i am the gentle autumn rain. when you awaken in the morning 's hush and andy swift uplifting rush of quiet birds in a circle flight. i am the soft stars that shine at night.

do not stand at my grave and cried. i am not there. i did not die. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming the chairman of the national parks and lands subcommittee for the house natural resources committee. he represents the seventh district of the state of arizona. mr. chairman. [applause] >> thank you very much to

secretary salazar, colleagues past and present, and to the extended udall family. what a singular honor to share some brief stop -- brief thoughts about stewart. you have heard about the legacy and it is, indeed, wide, deep, and everlasting. the stewart udall legacy is everlasting. back home, the legacy is even more profound. we all grew up in southern arizona with the udall at that. -- ethic. it is very much a living legacy. it is an ethic that talks about the environment and what it means to protect and to cherish in this beautiful gift that we have. it talks about people, the first americans, and the need to treat

each other with dignity and respect. it talks about protecting and conserve bring our national treasures, the special places that we live in, because they do make the quality of life for all of us better. those are the legacies. i was very fortunate in getting this career. i think stewart may question it now that i got the good steel -- good seal of approval from storage udall and it meant the world to me. in no small part, he bears responsibility for me standing before you today. the conference that we have heard of, but let me talk about -- the accomplishments that we have heard of, but let me talk about the shared treasures we have. with that treasure comes a shared responsibility that stewart talked about constantly. the gentle, strong embrace for these shared treasures is

something that is part of the legacy that continues. his leadership and his ethics is part of the legacy that continues. let me and by talking about memories. the memories are beautiful, but he would demand of us much more than memories. he would demand we bring to life these memories with purpose and a singular effect that stored udall personified. thank you very much and it is indeed a pleasure to have shared these thoughts about a man that i admired, a friend, and someone whose legacy will continue to live with all of us. thank you. [applause] >> ladies gentlemen, please join

me in welcoming to the podium senator jeff bingaman. he is the chairman of the senate natural energy resources committee and he represents the state of new mexico. chairman bingaman. [applause] >> thank you. the cornerstone of the building we are in, the building that we honor today with stewart udall's name, was led by president franklin roosevelt in 1936. president roosevelt said he viewed this serves up -- serviceable new structure and he referred to the cornerstone as the cornerstone of the conservation policy in that will guarantee the future americans the richness of their heritage. in that ceremony, president

roosevelt used the same trial that george washington used to lay the cornerstone of the capital. he declared that to be a good omen. naming the building today force during udall is, itself, a good omen which carries well for the department of the interior and for its important mission. that mission is, of course, nothing less than preserving and protecting our and natural resources and our national heritage, the birthright of every american. no one embraced that mission more passionately or pursued it more vigorously than stewart udall. stewart udall loved this country. he loved its mountains, its desserts, its rivers, and its seashores, it's wild life, and its people. another great conservationist

once remarked that he had been governor of pennsylvania now and then but he was a forrester all the time. he would be until his dying day. stewart udall was secretary of the interior for eight years, but he served this country and he worked to make it a better place and to preserve and protect its natural beauty all the time and until his dying day. his legacy is all about us from the national parks and monuments, the national seashores and trails from the wild and scenic rivers, historical sites, wildlife refuges that he helped to create and in the landmark environmental legislation he helped to write and passed. he is no longer with us, the places he helped to preserve and

the laws that he helped to forge and the example of public service that he set will endure. they will continue to endure as long as we, the beneficiaries of his great legacy, have the good sense and the vigilance, fortitude, and dedication to preserve them. whereas franklin roosevelt said in 1936, "the battle goes on and must be carried forward with renewed vigor if future generations are to receive the full benefits that are there do -- their do." that is why it is fitting to name the department of the interior building after stewart udall. it should be a permanent reminder of the example that he said and the continuing inspiration to all who serve here and to everyone who comes through the doors. thank you. [applause]

>> ladies and gentlemen, again in round of applause to chairman bingaman and others to the leadership of this great department. [applause] i am extremely pleased and am honored and privileged to introduce the leader of this great department, a native son of the state of colorado where he served with distinction in the state government and later with distinction in the united states senate. an outstanding executive leader , a devoted conservationist. he has unrelenting passion and commitment that this department, the department of the interior,

through its employees, its partners, facilities, land, waters, and programs server america, serve all of america. with a consistent responsibility on our part to honor the trust, obligations to americans, first americans to be the best stewart -- steward. and certainly, not least, to demonstrate our responsibilities to our young people who come in the words remind us, that our young people should be encouraged to never come ever lose their zeal for building a better world. the secretary of this great department, the hon. ken salazar. ladies and gentlemen.

[applause] >> thank you. thank you, bob. i want to welcome all of you here once again to the interior family and this great building which we will today unveiled in a few minutes the naming for storage udall. -- stewart udall. i know when i look out and see the udall family, members of congress, friends, and leaders, you are here to engage in the celebration of life. and it is a truly remarkable life that store udall led. i cannot -- stewart udall led. he was in my mind the great secretariat of the interior ever had or will have. i would like to share three of the last conversations that i had with secretary udall.

the first occurred in january 2009 and it had to do with what some people would probably call "the udall family has arrived big time because for the first time in history we had two udall's elected" so there were celebrations going on. i was invited to many of them. there was one that was very special and it was because stewart udall had asked to meet me because he had some guidance he wanted to give me. even though their receptions going on and i was going from one to another, i went to tom udall's reception and then met with his father. it was supposed to be a five minutes stock and five minutes and that being about one hour. he talked about the history of the interior and his commitment.

he had been thinking about that meeting for a long time. he had written down five things that he wanted me to follow as secretary of the interior. he said to me, "the interior is a great place and i will give you five points of advice. the first is to honor the career people in the apartment in the washington and were you travel around the nation. he said the interior family is the best group of servants that he had ever met. that is as true today as it was then. [applause] secondly, he said, "make sure you elevate and recognize your assistant secretaries, your bureau directors, your deputies, your solicitors and you should put their pictures up in the hallway of the secretary of the interior said that you can always recognize them peacoat mission accomplished, mr. udall.

third, he said, "stay close to the white house. make sure the white house and his key advisers know what you are doing because that is a critical power center." as was said earlier, he also said to me, "make sure you stay close to the first lady," so we are doing that. we are very close with michelle obama. fourth, he said, "in all seriousness, make sure you own -- hire your own solicitor. do not let them put anyone in place the go you will need a good lawyer to survive. fifth, he said, "love your job, the land, the water, the wildlife the you have the

privilege and the blessing of serving this nation as the secretary of the interior." i will never forget his wisdom and kindness not only on that day but before and since then. somte months pass and i have this card with the key points he had given me. i am visiting with my friends tom and mark udall. tom looks at me and he says, "dad really wants to talk to you. he has a very important point to make to you." two days later, i get ahold of him and call him. he said, "i give you five points but i forgot to give you the sixth one. the part of my agenda that i did not accomplish, and it would have done it if i had a couple of more months, is bringing the forest service over to the

department of the interior. you ought to be able to get that done." [applause] undersecretary sherman, we are all having conversations. finally, the last of our conversations that i had with stewart was a few months ago and it had to do with me calling him to ask him for assistance. i had a conversation with tom again about the great outdoor initiative. many of you were here on april 16th when president obama came to the interior and we announced our efforts for the 21st century conservation agenda. tom had said to mean that it was possible perhaps working toward the summit that perhaps stewart

would be able and available to give me advice. he was still strong with his voice and he said to me, "i would like to put together a group of people and i would like you to help me and accomplished this agenda." he said it to me, "ken, i will help you in every way that i can. tom and mark udall are there to help you now along with so many people who have been a part of this agenda, on behalf of our planet for so long. rest assured that i will always be with you. i will always be with you." today, as we celebrate his life, he is with us and he will always be with us. the legacy that he has left is a legacy which we will celebrate,

but it is also a call to action in terms of the legacy that we must build and continue to protect this fragile planet, this place which is our habitat and our home. in that vein, the members of the united states senate and the congress led by senator bingaman, a great senator from mexico, and the arizona congressman, and so many others, they have said to us that it is time to make the department of the interior building named after the greatest united states secretary of the interior, stewart udall. i would like to ask the members of the udall family to come and join me on the stage and we will unveil a plaque to name this building. [applause]

[laughter]

>> there is a buffalo penh on this plaque. we will remove that and unveile the plaque. who are the two youngest of the udall family? jonah? go to the buffalo pin. i know -- let me see. who will we draft? ok. let me have tom and mark, because you are part of this great legacy carrying on the conflict -- the conservation program. did not take it off. you stay there.

mark and senator bingaman, can you stand there? you stay right there. i want you to join them. we need the chairman of the house national rate -- natural resources committee. we also need diversity in this group. [laughter] all right. now, i was supposed to unveil it, but i think it is more fitting and proper for you to do it. you are the carriers on of his legacy. with that, let's unveil a plaque to rename this building, the stewart lee udall department of the interior. please. [applause]

[applause] >> for those -- if i could have the move back? can i read from here? i do not have a copy. can i have a microphone? it says, "stewart lee udall. january 13th, 1920-march 20th, 2010. secretary of interior 1961-1969. in recognition of a life dedicated to public service, the

production of land, water, wildlife. the expansion of the national park system, the passage of the wilderness act, the scenic rivers act, the national historic preservation act, the national trails system stacked, and the land and water conservation fund, and the lifelong advocacy for civil rights, this building is hereby named the stewart lee udall department of the interior building. barack obama, president of the united states." [applause]

[applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, senator mark udall, the son of stewart, representing the state of new mexico. >> everybody stay here. stay. we're going to have a rousing song after i wrap things up. stay where you are. jill and i, sitting in the audience there, have shared tears, joy, and laughter. these were incredibly moving moments. i just want to say on behalf of the udall family, and you can see is a much broader than just the stewart udall family, the modall's