access to health care through their employer. that number, one in three, is moving up. it is now approaching 40%. those are real problems that are a result of these conditions and we will have to address them. host: brandon roberts, manager of the working poor of family association. thank you. our coverage of the rnc debate takes place here, at 1:00 p.m. on c-span. we will have coverage here on c- span. thanks for watching today. we will be back tomorrow. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2010]

>> and a reminder that, coming up live from will -- live, we will show you a debate from the candidates for the republican national committee chairmanship. one of the candidates, gentry collins, has removed himself. you can see that the big live at 1:00 p.m. the inauguration of gov. jerry brown who defeated businesswoman meg whitman will be live at 2:00 p.m. eastern on c-span2. >> for these children, our children, and for all of america's children, the house will come to order. >> with the start of the new congress this wednesday, look back at the opening of past

sessions online at the c-span video library, with every c-span program since 1987, more than 160,000 hours, all searchable, all free. it is washington coming your way -- washington, your way. and now, from china central television, an end of your review. this lasts about one hour. ♪ >> hello and welcome to a special edition. we are now in the new year and a new decade. so, this hour, we are looking ahead to some of the major stories expected to unfold in the year 2011. we're also looking back at the year that was and stories from around the world that captured our hearts and minds. 2010 was certainly a big year for china.

it goes to the world expo in shanghai and the asian games in gonzo -- guanjo. as other countries struggle to come out of recession, china's economy continued to grow. later in the air show, we'll be joined by a special panel who will talk about -- in our show, we will be joined by a special panel who will talk about china in 2011. first, let's begin with the top stories that made headlines in the year 2010. and we start in haiti, where 2010 was very much a year of misery and upheaval for the small caribbean nation. barely two weeks into last year, haiti was hit by devastating magnitude 7.0 earthquake. the capital, port-au-prince, was reduced to rubble. an estimated 230,000 people were

killed. 3 million people were affected in some way. the world responded to haiti's cries for help sending in the aid workers and medical staff and more than $9 billion has been pledged to help haiti rebuild. our correspondent has just returned from his latest assignment in haiti and he is joining us from new york. can you hear me? >> yes. >> it has already been one year since the earthquake. as everything gone back to normal? >> no, i am afraid not. it is very disappointing. i had a 10-month gap in between my visits. on the second visit, i really did see very little progress, indeed. we saw the rubble still on the side of the road, maybe not in the roads. a lot a partially collapsed buildings. people want the buildings to

stay where they are because they fear the government might take their land. the disturbing thing is the camps -- still 1 million people living on the streets in now know -- in those now trademarked camps. they have latrines in some of them. they have food and sometimes water, but it is a desperate situation. considering the amount of ngos and charities on the ground, it is a big failure of the international community. there's a lot of resentment from average haitians about how their lot has not improved. >> some months after the earthquake, haiti was hit by an epidemic of cholera. what was it like for you to cover that story t as that storyhere? -- that story as a correspondent there? >> it was pretty awful. there was a family with the two- year-old son who could not smile because he had cholera.

he was really in a bad way. it is very air wing. the most frustrating thing about covering that story is that everyone warned that cholera might come in the aftermath of the earthquake. it might have come from the united nations peacekeepers. if that is the case, that is a real sad indictment of the international community. people do not choose to carry cholera, but it is another symptom. there is a lot of anger. there is a song on the streets of port-au-prince saying that the u.n. came bearing gifts and it was cholera. they know that it is curable, but the sanitation -- it could have been built up, but was not. it is contributing to the spread. the only good thing about what is happening in haiti in terms of the cholera situation is that, when people are actually caught with the cholera in time, it is a 98% -- it is 90%, 99% curable.

>> it good luck to the haitians on that -- >> good luck to the haitians on that. haiti also had a presidential election whose first-round ended in controversy. the second round is coming up in just a few weeks for a country that has already had some in each -- had so much political upheaval. what is the situation likely to be for the second round? >> it is very difficult to say. basically, the political problems are some of the biggest that haiti is facing. it was a presidential election, but also one for parliament and senate. we saw a three-way tie between three candidates. there were is the establishment candidate, the front-runner, and a popular musician. it looked like the runoff was going to happen.

there was huge amounts of rising about that. there will be an investigation into those results. we have had no confirmation of the first round and get the second round is meant to happen in two weeks. it does not like it will happen. the big problem is are haitians going to get more and more angry? this is an important day -- february 7, when the current president, preval asked to leave office. if he stays in office, there is going to be a lot of political problems on the streets. >> we will be following those stories closely. thank you very much, nathan king. well, one of the big stories that is still developing here in the asia-pacific region is the rising tension on the korean peninsula. it began to boil over last month. 1. warship sunk and 46 failures

were killed -- one korean warship sunk and 46 still years -- 46 sailors were killed. troops from the d.c. our and -- troops from the dprk fired on an island, supposedly provoked by the south koreans. that incident was the most serious military confrontation between the north and south since the end of the korean war and it sparked international concerns about the resumption of hostilities. let's head to our south korean capital, seoul, and our correspondent who has been following these developments. on friday, the dprk expressed its wishes for a swift improvement in relations with south korea.

what has south korea's response been so far about that? >> that is right. there was a joint editorial that was announced in the north korean official media. there have been official -- has not been an official response from the unification ministry. the innovation ministry has said that there is an interest -- the unification ministry has said that there is an interest in the dialogue, but they do not accepted the blame for the tension that has worsened between the two countries. regarding the dprk's and buses on humanitarian aid, they said it may continue to create conflict -- emphasis on humanitarian aid, they said it may continue to create conflict between those who oppose the south korean government's

policies towards the north. president lee will give his national speech tomorrow morning to his nation, where we expect to hear more about his view on what he expects on the caribbean security -- on the caribbean peninsula -- on the korean peninsula. >> south korea said a possible reason is that dprk likes to act on the element of surprise. what does the south korean public think of these recent developments? >> so far, it has been more than a month since the november 23 attack on the island. the south korean public has been showing a very different view -- showing very different views. there are some who said that a hard-line approach is needed. some are more conscious of the effects that such policies could have on the korean peninsula's security level. there were a number of surveys

done by media channels in korea. a survey by the asia economy newspaper conducted last -- in the last two weeks of december says that six out of 10 adults said that it would be difficult for them to create a positive relationship in the next year, 2011. over 80% of respondents were actually in their 20's. 50.9% were in their 50's. the younger generation seems to be having a clearer or stronger view on the interrelations between the two countries. 16.7% said that talks such as six-party talks should resume. actually, 45.5% said that the sunshine policy should be visited again.

>> thank you. that was the latest on the korean peninsula. let's go to europe. we -- fallout from the global financial crisis was the major story in many countries for 2010. 20 tens of greece, spain, portugal, and france, among other countries -- 2010 saw greece, spain, portugal, france, and other countries crippled in dealing with their debt crises. one of our correspondents is joining us from the united kingdom. >> for all europeans, the sovereign debt crisis might be the term they used to define 2010. it quickly spread to the rest of the continent. even outside of the euro zone, the u.k. has been heavily instance -- influence. the british government announced a plan to cut more than $128

billion in spending over the next four years. strikes and riots. fromiggered people's anger britain to greece to france. many governments passed strict deficit-cutting policies including tax hikes, pay cuts, and layoffs of public sector employees. unemployment soared. >> the workers are having trouble paying their rent. they do not have enough money to live. >> many european countries were known for their high quality of social welfare, but those very countries accumulated debt in order to provide those services. when the global financial crisis struck, some countries saw their debt expand to the point where it was beyond control.

by the end of 12,009, maurice's -- by the end of 2009, greece's budget deficit was outpacing its gdp. european leaders could not reach consensus. in may, eu finance ministers agreed on an unprecedented rescue packages worth up to 750 billion year rose to revenge the spread of the great -- 750 billion euros to prevent the spread of the great debt crisis. the problem spread to our land. the crisis spread. after helping indebted countries like portugal and spain, italy, france, and the uk.k are

also facing -- and the u.k. are also facing serious debt. many buyers said they were more desperate than ever to hit the jackpot. >> i am waiting for this bit of luck after so much time here as an immigrant. we are trying to make a better life for our children and family. we're hoping that this christmas will take away the crisis. >> financial worries remain on the minds of many. many people speculate which will be the next country to ask for a massive bailout from its neighbors. there are also calls for europe to rethink the road system and the structure of the you -- the euro system and the structure of the eu. >> 2010 was a year of up and

downs for u.s. president barack obama. he saw some success with health care reform, but a sluggish economic recovery cost his -- caused his economic -- a sluggish economic recovery caused his popularity to plummet. obama will have to deal with a hostile lower house in the new year. there is also one major challenge the president and all americans, regardless of political association, will need to deal with for years to come. jessica stone has more on this from washington, d.c. >> in the coming year, the residents of the american gold coast and the nation will battle the environmental and economic impact -- and gulf coast -- residents of the american gulf coast and the nation will battle the environmental and economic impact of the bp oil spill. a massive explosion ripped through the deepwater horizon,

leased to the oil giant bp. the battle to contain the oil spill would take five months and cost billions of dollars, leaving nearly 5 million barrels of oil in the gulf of mexico. >> it is heartbreaking. i mean, they are basically taking our way of life away from us. >> within five days, the west coast guard approved the first plan to approve -- to use underwater robots to seal the oil well. they used millions of feet of boom to prevent the oil from washing onto the shores. they spread millions of liters of chemicals into the gulf to disperse the droplets of oil. environmentalists raised concerns about the toxicity of the chemicals. >> we have concerned about the workers using these materials who will potentially be in contact with larger amounts. >> u.s. officials began closing the gulf to fishing, the

region's main industry. officials were questioning the safety of the waters. bp executives were called to washington, agreeing to a $20 billion compensation fund. hearings revealed that all three companies ignored the safety warnings. no one takes responsibility. the u.s. launches a criminal investigation into the oil spill. several other independent investigations began as well. the leaking plug was -- the leading well was finally plugged in july. independent reports on the root causes of this bill are skating. >> i think there is lots of blame. lots of people to whom to distribute that blame. >> there is nothing we have seen that could not have been managed, had people been looking at it in the inappropriate manner -- in the appropriate

manner. >> the environmental protection agency is implementing stricter standards for emissions and on electricity providers. it is a move that the republican congress is expected to try to block. there will also try to block parts of the president's health care reform -- they will also try to block parts of the president's health care reform bill. everyone will have to find common ground on reducing the national debt by cutting spending and social safety net programs for the elderly and the poor. all of this as president barack obama prepares for another run for the white house. i am just a stone in washington. -- jessica stone in washington. >> we will hear from our correspondent in pakistan, south america, thailand, and africa. first, many people attracted worldwide attention in 20

intend -- 2010. some more controversial. here's a look back at last year's most prominent cases. -- faces. >> this 39-year-old, julian assange, became i household name after his website wikileaks published a huge number of u.s. classified documents on both the u.s. forces in iraq and afghanistan. he further angered the u.s. by posting diplomatic cables critical of other governments. he is currently out on bail following his arrest by british police on allegations of sex crimes in sweden. a man who dedicated his life to the employer -- olympics died in april. he served on the ioc for over 20 years. >> he was the most influential president. >> samaranch is remembered for

successfully pushing for all of the commercialism. the ceo of apple, steve jobs, was a prominent face in 2010. ande's ippod and -- ipod itunes are being used to promote them mobile industry -- music industry. he also unveiled the apple ipad, more convenient to carry around than the conventional light pops -- laptop. just call her the lady in red -- and a chat and's story sounds like it came out of the -- and a chaplain -- anna champan's story sounds like it came out of a "james bond" movie.

>> not to one of the worst and most memorable disasters of -- now to one of the worst and most memorable disasters of 2010 -- the floods in pakistan. nearly 1/5 of the population was affected. our correspondent was there. here's a quick look at some of the reports. >> over 300,000 houses were damaged or destroyed. hundreds of thousands of people have been shifted to safer ground. at the moment, there are about 400,000. this is the unfortunate and sad

and insane -- and saddening scene. experts believe this will make a huge difference. cctv, islamabad. >> tell us what it was like for you to see that sort of devastation firsthand. >> we saw the most devastating floods in 80 years in pakistan, which affected over 20.2 million people and killed over 1700 people. when i travelled throughout the country, there was a feeling of hopelessness and this may -- and this man -- dismay. people living under the poverty line depend on agriculture.

their lands were completely destroyed by the flood waters. i saw people sitting on the roadside, helpless. the rain was continuing. the feeling of hopelessness continued after the floods. the rain continued for another two months. there was a very harsh picture of missouri -- misery in pakistan. >> it has been months since the water receded. i understand that pakistan is still struggling with the aftermath. tell us about the latest situation. >> yes, it has been six months since the flood came. initially, the international aid agencies came rushing forward to help. with the assistance and coordination of a national disaster management authority in pakistan, aid and start flowing in.

the winter season has started. there is snowfall in the northern regions. roads are being cut off. the aid being provided to these regions has also slowed down. pneumonia is on the rise. women and children, especially, are the most honorable -- vulnerable to the harsh winter season that has been witnessed in pakistan at the moment. >> thank you so much. let's move to a story of suspense, hope, and relief and happiness. the plight of 33 miners in chile captured the world's attention last summer as they were trapped underground after an explosion. it took more than two months to get them out. remarkably, they all survived. >> the biggest story covered in latin america this year was the rescue of those 33 chilean

miners who were trapped underground for 69 days. their story of perseverance and survival and their families' unwavering strength and hope for inspirational to witness. mine collapsed leaving 32 chilean men and one bolivian trapped 700 meters below ground. they had no way of communicating with the outside world and had no idea if or when they would be rescued. the men remained in a shelter where they had first aid kits and toiletries, but there was only food for two days. on august 22, rescuers found the men when the drill finally broke through the shelters ceiling. the man sent a note that the chilean people will not forget. "we are fine, the 33 of us." from then on, rescuers work day and night to get them out as soon as possible. shortly after midnight, october

13, the first minor came to the surface -- miner came to the surface. the whole world watched as they were pulled out one by one. the mission went smoothly. the men were out 22 hours later. today, tehse men a -- these men are international celebrities. they have traveled the world doing interviews and visiting their favorite soccer teams in england and spain. what has received little coverage is what is being done to prevent these accidents from happening. that was one of the big stories in this region in 2010, but there is a lot to look out for in 2011, especially in brazil, mexico, and columbia -- colom bia. brazil elected its first female president at the end of 2010. now, the mud is up has officially taken office on january 1 -- dilma roussef has

officially taken office on january 1. she promises to fight poverty and maintain continuity with the former president's legacy. in mexico, the drug war continues to claim thousands of lives. officials announced that 12,005 founded people died from drug- related violence last year. that makes 2010 the deadliest year since the mexican president, felipe calderón, began at track -- began a crackdown against drug- trafficking. thousands have been wounded and killed. we will be watching developments in colombia where harsh winter rains have affected more than 2 million people. this tragedy has left thousands homeless. columbia's the geography has changed permanently. ed towns have disappeared beneath more than -- columbia --

geography has changed permanently. >> we will be falling all of those stories and -- following all of those stories and much more from south america this year. now, back over to asia. the press -- political process has resulted in a bloody confrontation between government troops and led to the registered party calling for the government's resignation -- red- shirt party calling for the government's resignation to >> this is about 200 meters down the road -- resignation. >> this is about 200 meters down the road. this area is known as the red earth and has been the scene of

some of the fiercest fighting of the last few days. there has been a lot of fighting. the red shirts may have dispersed, but the marks they have left on bangkok will last for a long time. >> tony, you were in the midst of all of this when the process -- protest was at highest. what was it like to cover such a huge confrontation? quite unbelievable, frankly. bangkok, a city i have known for quite a few years, and very modern and cosmopolitan, suddenly turned into a war zone. we have seen it before. we have seen the red shirts out. nobody expected the level and intensity of fighting we saw during april and particularly late may. the very spot where am standing now is the spot from which we

were reporting live. there were gunshots whizzing up over the balcony. there were explosions about 200 meters from where i am now standing. the red shirt protesters torched one of bangkok's's largest shopping malls and its allies in the ruins -- it still lies in ruins today. the city has pretty much returned to normal. there are very few scars remaining, although the tensions underneath the service are still -- surface are still in existence. >> how are the red shirts regrouping? what is their strategy now? >> we have seen the red shirts regroup. we've seen them on the streets. only four days-long protests -- for day-long protests. what the government succeeded in

doing was taking the top of the leadership -- what we've seen since is a lot of mass and happiness, but not a lot of leadership -- mass unhappiness, but not of leadership. the old leaders are in jail, many now being released. we expect the protests to start again, although perhaps not with the same intensity. i do not think the government is watching very carefully. the state of emergency was relaxed recently although security forces are still very wary of future political conflict. everyone is hoping that the political differences which have been fought out on the streets over the past couple of years will be fought in the election, which we anticipate will happen in 2011. >> we will continue to follow that story. we're also following the political situation. thank you for joining us.

south africa had a prominent role on the world stage in 2010 as it hosted the world's biggest sporting event, the football world cup. the event drew crowds from all over the world. now that the fans are gone and the stadiums are empty, the country must deal with some tough issues. to takejohannesburg down and all places in between, the football world cup united south africans, black and white, young and old. where memories of apartheid are still fresh, this event caused south africans to put their differences aside. there were joined by millions of football fans from around the world to -- they were joined by millions of football fans from around the world. the competition was fierce. spain took home the golden

globe. when the party was finished and the fans went home, euphoria was over and saw that are quickly got back to reality. -- south africa quickly got back to reality. there was a crippling walked out that ended without a signed deal as a labor unions began to lose the public's support. jacob zuma must still find a way to lift millions of south africans out of poverty and tackle issues of unemployment, housing, unofficial segregation, and the inequality -- all of which could cause more social unrest. the eyes of the world will again be on the south africans as a host climate talks which could make or break the entire international effort to fight and limit the effects of global

warming. there are doubts about whether they can strike a deal. no doubt, the world cup was a success for south africa. whether the country can achieve other success in 2011 is far from certain. >> now, we're joined from a correspondent -- with our correspondent. tell us about the challenges that face president jacob zuma's government in 2011. >> listening to that package, i must admit that it was great. i got a few boos months looking -- a few goosebumps listening to that. everyone got caught up into the world cup. by all accounts, it was a huge success for south africa. everyone in the country put their best foot forward.

it was an almost perfect world cup. i certainly put it right up there with the release of nelson mandela, the inauguration of the new president in 1994 as a democracy for the first time, and also the coverage of the truth and reconciliation in the late-1990's. a big moment for south africa. there are many south africans who will say to you that, even though they love watching the soccer and they got caught up in the moments of euphoria and the excitement, it really did not change their lives. many of them were expecting to make a few dollars off of the exercise, but they will sit at the world cup came, they loved it, and it went without changing their lives. those were the major challenges -- are the major challenges facing jacob zuma and his government going ahead. poverty, unemployment, crime.

>> of course, there is going to be a lot of pressure on negotiators to come up with the new, legally-binding pact and climate change -- packed on climate change. how big of a challenge is that going to be? how south africa preparing for it as a country? -- how is south africa preparing for it as a country? the mother is a lot of pressure. -- >> there is a lot of pressure. most people say that -- many of the major issues were just shifted forward to the south african climate talks at the end of 2011. deforestation, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions -- all the major issues will have to be addressed here in south africa. one hopes that, at the end of this year, people will have

gotten their act together. something concrete could amount of these talks -- could come out of these talks. >> thank you. when we come back, we will look at china's challenges and achievements over the last year. stick with our -- we will speak with the special panel about china's placed on the global stage -- place on the global stage in the year ahead. here are some try let's -- some highlights. china over to japan as a -- >> and china over took japan as the world's seven largest economy -- second-largest economy. china has the world's longest high-speed rail network. it historically covers more than 7,000 kilometers. the train can reach speeds of up

to 350 kilometers per hour. more than 240 countries and organizations took place in the shanghai world expo. it was the biggest ever in the world's history. more than 73 million people visited the pavilion over a six- pavilionperiod. -- over a six-month period. john has also taken its position as the world's number one automobile -- china has also taken its position as the world's number-one automobile market. the figure more than doubles the numbers of vehicles purchased in the u.s., which is still struggling to recover from the recession. >> you are watching a special attention -- in addition --

edition. china showed more than ever why the east is gaining power and influence on the global stage. it dusted off the impact of the global recession and became the world's second-largest economy. it is expected to quicken the to emerging fro economies. domestically, china faced more problems than it would have liked, soaring inflation and a widening gap between the rich and the poor. one of my colleagues has this look at some of the issues that defined china in 2010. >> the year 2010 saw china leading the global power shift from developed nations to emerging economies. at the g-20 consummate -- at the

g-20 summit, the agreement put china only behind the u.s. and japan in the voting power on international monetary fund. the decision came after the g-20 replaced the g-8 as the world's second at -- dominant economic coordinator. china joined a block of emerging nations known as bric, which now represents over half of the world's population, and will serve as its main vehicle in countering the western astonishment. -- establishment. for hundreds of millions of chinese back on, their quality of life has not been growing like their country status. it has been complicated by inflation. china's cpi hit a 12-month high in november. the soaring prices of food and other daily necessities upset

any of the country's medium and low-income residents. >> i am very unhappy with the rising commodity prices. things are getting much more expensive. , we might think that increased prices mean bigger profit -- profit margins -- >> we mighting that increase prices mean bigger profit margins, but it is usually not so. the cost of production and labor is getting more expensive. it is not just food skyrocketing. real-estate prices also frustrated the public. the latest figures show that less than 15% of chinese families can now afford to buy a home. economists say a massive inflow of hot money from overseas contributed to the soaring prices it also opposed to the weakened u.s. dollar -- to the soaring prices. it also published --- pointed to the weakened u.s. dollar.

the government can make money -- make homes more affordable and stimulate prices. >> many hope china will served as a leader for emerging economies and help them gain more say in the governing bodies. at home, it is hoped that the country's leaders will bring more tangible returns to the public, such as better wages and bringing inflation under control. >> china faces its own challenges for the future. if it wants to continue growing at such a fast pace, talk about china's past and future and the shift in power from west the east. we're joined by the unesco peace chair and two other guests.

begin our questions by talking about china's economic situation. is it possible for tunnel to rein in inflation, given the fact that -- is it possible for china to rein in inflation? >> if you are going to ask a question about maintaining growth, it is harder to have inflation. the current inflation results from the stimulus that china put in place when the financial crisis hit, where there was a massive expansion in the money supply. it first hit property. now it is hitting food and other necessities. china wants to maintain its rate of growth. the best policy would be to limit monetary stimulus and bring inflation down. >> professor, what do you think? many food -- many say it is

about food prices, but others say it is about the growing trend. >> it is not just food. it is a central situation. the bank of china should be praised and congratulated. this is not a game. i am not an economist by training you are not increasing -- by train. you are making it harder for people to borrow from banks. you have increased the rates for savings -- have to increase the rates for savings. without that, if your people are going to have the incentive to put the money out of -- fewer people are going to have the incentive to put the money our the stock market. >> china has too many things to

djebel at the moment -- inflation, maintaining the economic -- to juggle at the moment -- inflation, maintain the economic growth rate, maintaining the economic structure of the country. how can china deal with all of this at the same time once again? >> in this five-year plan, i think the central government made it very explicit. we will have exclusive growth. that means we're probably going to see lower gdp growth rates in the next five years. meanwhile, the chinese government will shift expansion more to the short -- to the income gap and also to more social welfare things, especially in rural areas. it is an enormous challenge for any country, especially a country with such a large population. we have to keep our economy growing. we cannot let the economy

stopped completely. >> china is busy dealing with its own economic management. the world should do the same. professor, europe's austerity, emerging economies working on inflation, the united states thinking about another round of economics thinness -- is the world very divided? is there any hope for the economy? >> i think there is a lot of hope for the economy. one has to understand that the chinese economy is not at all what the chinese -- the economy of the united states. china is still its own country with hundreds of millions of very poor people. the priority of the authority's in china will have to continue to be economic growth for at least the next 15 or 20 years. i am a little bit worried, frankly, by this kind of belt- tighten in and this monetary contraction we are seeing in china. some of the central bank policies are designed to limit

inflation might have an effect on limiting growth. the fact is that if there is sufficient growth and a reasonable rise in income, although a bit a price rise is not a problem. >> what about the world situation? is the world to divided also? >> i think the world is going to face a situation in which -- for example, europe. europe has been high cost and high quality. when you see a country like china that is now low-cost, but getting better in terms of quality, then europe is going to have a severe problem. yes, i do see the world getting divided. the problem is the united states. are you going to buy from your traditional friends in europe, even those more expensive, or you want to buy from china -- going to buy from china? these are questions that the united states is going to ask.

>> the u.s. already buys from china. china is a much larger source of american imports than any country in europe and has been for some time. there is tension over that. we run the biggest bilateral trade deficit with china by far. we have made the decision that, up to this point, the u.s. is quite willing to adjust to china posturized. if you look at china's foreign- exchange reserves in excess of $2.50 trillion, you can trace them back to the $5 billion deficit -- it dries them back to the big deficit that the u.s. is running. weakness in the american economy could change that view. that is more our problem then china's. >> what about the role of the brick countries -- prepare -- bric countries? will there be more coordination about the economic situation as

well as the political situation with the rise of the emerging economies, as they say? >> i hope so. brazil, russia, india, china -- are premier just visited india -- our premier just visited india a couple of weeks ago. remainer areas, i hopeful. we know there are many issues out there for very close negotiations. in the future, we have to look ahead and remain optimistic. we have to get the work done. >> there seems to be two situations to consider. one, there seems to be division among emerging economies on some issues. some from the west are trying to say one emerging economy as long to be more hopeful than the others. -- is going to be more helpful than the others.

how do you see the coordination possibilities among the emerging economies? >> it india has got a very vibrant sector -- >> india has vibrant garment sector. the private sector is expanding at the rate of three times or four times that of the garment sector. -- government sector. will the government try to restrict the private-sector, not only from the point of view of creating obstacles, but also from the point of view of creating more opportunity for individuals in the government to make money. i think this is going to be a serious problem for india. >> what about coordination between the emerging economies politically and economically? >> even today, 90% of good

research comes from a developed economy. china and india are still very backward in terms of research and innovation. until china and india can become better in this, i do not see much of a chance of our economy's development at that speed. >> the emerging economies need to work on their technology and innovation. politically, china has already been pushed to the center stage. the country has to adjust very quickly. as china been interesting -- has china been adjusting and is it adjusting well? >> politically, yes, we have been pushed into the front and center. for example, on climate change. on some of these responsibilities, we're supposed to [unintelligible] during the financial crisis, china has done an excellent job.

it has been widely acknowledged. in terms of regional cooperation, has done more than many other countries around the world put together. in terms of cooperation within china and india, china should be praised. in general, if you ask me to give a score, i would give china between four and 5. >> would you give that score as well? we're seeing some confidence when it comes to the territory between china and her neighboring countries in asia and the peace in the korean peninsula has been challenged. china has a role to play as a mediator. what do you think? >> there is a split between economics and politics. if you look at the economics, i agree with the professor that china has done well in the last couple of years, trying to meet the expectations that as as the second-largest economy. -- tha tit has -- that it has as

the second-largest economy. it is going to take a while -- a country pushed on to the world stage does not automatically come out as well as it will. we can praise china on the economic side. politically, we hope that china will do better as a becomes accustomed to its new role in the world. >> you are doing very well on our show. let's go to another question regarding relations between the china -- between china and the united states. some say that whether china is mature in finding its own position in asia right now or the u.s. analysis about asia -- idc u.s.-china relations reflected -- how do you see a u.s.-china relations reflected?

>> i, at this from the economic perspective. -- i come at this from the economic perspective. the united states is used to having the only really global economy and now china is a global economy. its interest will range more widely than we are used to dealing with. that is an adjustment the u.s. will have to make. but the china -- china is not used to being a stakeholder at this level. in the climate change discussions, china acts as if it is a developing economy. that is fine. by now, it is the largest emitter of greenhouse gas. china needs to adjust to its weight and the u.s. needs to adjust to its reach. it will take a few years. we should not be surprised by problems. it is a big adjustment. >> any respond briefly, please? >> i agree. i think he is right in terms of

the economics. politically, i think john has been trying very hard to do what it is supposed to do internationally, -- china has been trying very hard to do what it is supposed to do internationally. china is still learning. >> thank you very much. thank you. with that, we're coming to the close of this specific addition -- edition of "world insight." we would like to hear from you. send us an e-mail. that is it for our special edition. join us in seven days or more --

for more on "world insight." goodbye. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2011] >> coming up live, later today, a debate between those running to be chairman of the republican national committee. gentry collins has withdrawn, leaving five others, including the current share michael steele. that begins at 1:00 p.m. eastern here on c-span. also today, the inauguration of gov. jerry brown who defeated businesswoman meg whitman. he will be sworn in and give remarks live starting at 2:00 p.m. eastern. that will be on c-span2. tonight on "the communicators," how the federal government's technology policies directly affect high-tech companies including taxes, broadband, immigration, and education. that is at 8:00 p.m. eastern on

c-span2. this past october, the kennedy school of journalism held an event bang looking at the future of investigative journalism. -- and even looking at the future of investigative journalism. this events a star with a tribute -- eevnt started -- this event started with a tribute to a pulitzer prize-winning journalist. [applause] >> hello. welcome. i am alex jones. i want to welcome you to this wonderful evening. we are here to honor the spirit of a man who has inspired me.

we are here to talk about journalism -- i am very glad that i know that the class of 1955 is a well- represented here. a sponsor of this is the harvard crimson. is there anyone else that is a co-sponsor that i should mention? i also want to say how very pleased i am that david halberstam's widow and daughter are here. please join me in welcoming them. [applause] david halberstam is, as i know all of you probably know, was a graduate of harvard in 1955 and managing editor of the crimson. but he was also a significant

figure in american journalism in a different kind of sense. he was really the beginning of a new kind of american journalism. highly educated, idealistic, committed in a kind of social way to being a journalist in order to use journalism to make this a better place. it is not time. there was idealism in many cases. he was someone who really looked at journalism as a profession that was suitable to a man who went to harvard. that was very unusual in his time. david halberstam graduated in 1955. he went to the smallest daily newspaper in mississippi to

began his journalism career covering civil rights. he then went to the national tennesseean. he then went to the "new york times" in 1962. i want to tell you a story about that because i think it gets to something that is very much the point of the spirit of david halberstam and also what i believe journalism is all about. let me take you back. david halberstam went to mississippi to cover civil rights. what he found was a situation that was morally repugnant. what was really also important was that he found that the enemy was, in this particular case, often the government. that was a big change. the government, the generations before of journalists in the united states, especially before world war ii, look at themselves as allies, as partners in

journalism. they wore uniforms in world war ii. david halberstam and his contemporaries cut their teeth in a world in which they were actively answering back to government power and often criticizing it. he went to vietnam in 1962 and was one of the very few american newspaper or journalists of any kind full-time in saigon. he began sending back reports about what he really saw and what he had learned. this was something that was very, very unhappy to the jfk administration, the jack kennedy was president at that time. while this was happening, at the "new york times," a man had become a publisher in the spring of 1963. he was not supposed to become publisher. he was considered to be much too

inexperienced, much too unpolished. he was not a man who was thought to be ready. nevertheless, his brother-in-law died in he became publisher. and he was now, in 1963, trying to figure out how to be publisher. and the publisher was an ex- marine from world war ii, a very patriotic man, but a man who barely got through college. what was he going to do is publisher? he got an invitation in october 1963 to go to the white house. there was a legendary white house washington bureau chief of the "new york times" that was invited for lunch. so he goes to the white house, and the walk in. there's jack kennedy. the power of the white house and

using everything to overwhelm this young publisher. and he began immediately to tell them that he has got to get rid of david halberstam. david halberstam is too close to the story. he is not objective could you have to replace them, withdraw them, and you've got to get him out of there. it was apparently one of the signs. and punch basically said, in effect, mr. president, you can go piss up a rope. he marched out of the white house and went back to the washington bureau. he called david halberstam and cancel his vacation, which had been planned. because he was afraid it would be interpreted as acquiescing to the presidency. scotty was so proud of him. he felt like this was the

moment when it punch came of age. flash forward 30 years. this is important. the fact that the "new york times" backed david effectively made it possible for the ap and other news organizations to do the same. they set the tone. the tone was, tell it like it is. 30 years later, the "new yorker" magazine is sort of celebrated the prizewinning vietnam journalists. five of these, including david, -- there were five to one pulitzer prizes for their be an on coverage. at the end of this day, they went to a restaurant on the upper east side of new york, which was kind of a media hang out, to tell war stories and drink and congratulate each other for a living 30 years after vietnam and how great they work. i am sure there was some of that.

and there in the restaurant was punch with a group of people. david told this story himself. he said, i looked over, and we talked about it and realized that what we did cannot have been done without punch. so we wanted to tell him that we appreciated it. so the group of them, 5 pulitzer prize-winning vietnam war correspondents, send punch and his table a bottle of dom parent on champagne. my point is this, this is the time of david halberstam's, and it was time of the "new york times." and we're here tonight to talk about journalism as he experienced it, a journalism as this group and i -- i am also a amurnalist, as far as you cor concerned as we know it, and also journalism for a generation

that is now coming along and facing a different world and the world of its own with own challenges and difficulties. but with the issue of journalism and the pleasures and joys of it very much still the same. i will introduce our distinguished panelists. but first, i want you to look at a brief clip of david halberstam talking about journalism. >> it was not about being popular. i did not care what washington wants. it made my editors nervous. what was important was that my readers, this we walked into sight, one day, which i thought was going to happen sooner or later, not be surprised. that was my mission, just to let my readers know. and i understand something else, which was -- intuitively, i was only 28 years old. i am understood that i was part of a great tradition, that by

chance history had catapulted me to a moment where journalism mattered, that there are moments -- you know, there are a lot of terrific stories. it was a great time. civil rights movement. journalism mattered in the civil rights movement, because this was a country trying to define itself for modern era and coming out of a few did past. vietnam matter as well, because the government was lying. when the government does not tell the truth, then the power of journalism goes up. >> we have a distinguished panel. i want to introduce them but then we're going to have a conversation to the first, with ourselves, and later, we hope with many of you. without further ado, let me introduce our distinguished panel. do your far right is charles sennott, one of the executive founders, editor, and vice president of globalpost.com,

which is a new, and i mean a very new, online international news site devoted to international news alone. charlie comes from a very distinguished background as a globetrotting foreign correspondent for the boston globe. he would have probably still been at the boston globe if in 2006 it had not effectively abolished all of its international reporting, which is one of the problems that we have today. charlie had the idea that there was interest out there in international news, and he and his partner could this together. -- put it together. it is a for-profit venture. this is something that has been underway for less than two years, and it has already won incredible recognition and awards. next to him is martha raddatz.

i think the title is senior foreign affairs correspondent of abc news. but the fact is she has been one of abc news' most distinguished reporters for many years. she has been a lot of that time going to places like iraq, afghanistan, and pakistan and doing the kind of journalism and reporting that david halberstam representative loved. she has won awards. one of the ones that she won that as suspect means a lot to her is one in the name of daniel pearl. daniel pearl was the "wall street journal" reporter who was kidnapped and executed and assassinated, murdered. he represented the danger and the complexity of the world that journalists who are in the most dangerous spaces, and martha has been the white has corresponded and senior foreign affairs correspondent for abc, as i said, but she has been all over the world and has done these --

the shoe leather kind of reporting that is at the heart of the spirit of david halberstam, i would say. next to me is stephen engelberg, a colleague from my time at the "new york times." he is an investigative reporter. he has spent his career essentially as an investigative reporter at the "new york times" and that the "oregonian" in portland. now he is a managing editor of propublica, which is the most watched and worried about non- profit venture for investigative journalism. again, it is a different model from the other two. this is a nonprofit model focused on investigative reporting. this is a distinguished report. i told him before the program began that i wanted to talk

briefly before we get into this. i wanted them to talk about what it felt like -- these are people like david, who have given their entire careers to journalism. david was killed in a car accident on his way to interview someone. that was his life, and it was his life all the way of to the very end of his life. all of these folks have done the same. they have made their careers journalism. i wanted them to talk quickly about what the became a journalist. but more importantly, what from their experience at its best journalism feels like, what it feels like. charlie -- >> you know, there are a couple of different key experiences you have. one is when you get that piece of information that is going to break that story wide open.

the other one is being in the right place at the right time. you often have to work really hard to be in the right place at the right time. for me, you know, the reason i came into journalism was, you know, my family had a house painting business. my oldest brother had a job at nights as a photographer for the boston herald. and i would go and run his film for him. i will not get very long to do this, but for a few minutes, i kid neil court side and watch the celtics. just for a minute. -- i could stand courtside in which the celtics. just for a minute. and i thought i always wanted to be courtside in be a journalist. the experience of having done this and the people i grew up reading, the boston globe, which led to this day, and i always wanted to work there, was to see these great journalists and traditions that david talked about in the clip of feeling heir to something, to a proud

legacy. to me, that was a career of trying to break stories in be there at the right place at the right time. being in afghanistan in 2001, being in iraq in 2003, covering those stories really captured that -- you cannot call it a joy, but david sounds of the perfectly where he says it is that moment where history catapult's you into a place where journalism matters. >> do talk about that moment that you just described. when you're doing an interview and someone says something and you know -- >> you know you have got him. >> you know you have the story. >> i worked with been bradley at the boston globe, he was truly a fantastic editor. i remember the glee with which i could call him up, ben gridley, jr., i could call him up and tell them what i got. covering the big dig.

i began going out drinking with a lot of engineers. there was this thing called the 9a contract that i kept hearing about. i remember this moment of being with a bunch of engineers who were chatting about this thing called the 9a contract and knowing that this is where the story is. one of them have let it slip that there was no way this was going to work. and this was going to cost at least $500 million. and knowing i have got the place where i need to go to to find that contract, to get the design specs, and say i got it. i think that informational got it is one feeling. but one that is equally powerful is the sense that you are in the moment. you're on a story. you have worked hard to get there. i had that feeling intensely in

afghanistan in 2001, that i had covered al qaeda for eight years, from the first world trade center bombing in 1993 when i was a street reporter for "the new york daily news" and was covering it like a cop story. we had a great city. billy boiled send me to egypt and pakistan and the west bank to follow the suspects, copper reporting. the new fast forward to that moment of september 11 were you cover that for eight years as a cop reporter, and now you're going to afghanistan to cover what will be the world of change, an extraordinary moment for our country, and a war that will last for a long time. that was the moment for me of that sense of history bringing you to a place where journalism matters. >> more than double- >> why i got into journalism, this is always a little bit embarrassing for me. i was not like you. i was not looking at people thinking, i want to do that. i really was kind of a loser.

>> [laughs] yeah, right. >> i played too much pool entering to much beer in college, and i kind of fell into a. i started working at the lowest possible level at a television station. i loved it. we were saying a little bit before we came out here, now 29- year-old daughter worked for a short time after college and news channel 8 here. and she would call and say, you know, mom, i do not love the story -- >> it is a local station. >> it was local. she was not on there. she was writing. she would say, the story today was so boring. i thought, you're not cut out for it. i did not say that. but you know what, i loved every story i covered. i really did. i think it is this a disciplined curiosity that you're telling stories. it is what i always say to journalism students, you know

what, you really cannot go on the news and say this happened, this happened, this happened. you have to tell people why it mattered, and you have to be excited about it yourself. a couple moments for me that were exciting, and they are all very different. you talk about the interview were you say, ok, that is going to make news. i travel with vice president cheney a few years ago, several years ago. it was kind of a nothing trap. i got sort of thrown in on this trip and had not traveled with the vice president. i do not think the vice president loved having press along anyway. he never said hello to us and we were on the same airplane. i cannot tell you how tense these interviews are with public figures, whether it is the president, vice president, or the secretary of state. you have 20 minutes, and they're giving you flashcards. you want to drill down into some subjects, and they would lead

you to to this up all the time. vice-president cheney is sitting there, and he is quite the presence. he is kind of looking at me, and i said, vice-president jenny, two-thirds of americans say the war was not worth fighting. he looked at me and said "so?" >> that is a good moment. >> and i was just stunned. and i know i am on camera and i have to react. and i think it just said that to him, so, does that matter? he stayed right with it. that moment became quite the news story for quite a while. those interviews were, during the time that a cover the white house, the interviews were, to me, i guess what i am proudest up over the years and have

covered the war is, both of them, since they began, sometimes from the pentagon and a lot of times overseas, is that during the time when iraq was truly in danger and the national intelligence estimates that there were in the midst of a civil war, and the administration was saying everything is fine, it is going to be a success, everything is going well. i know the surge has been going a lot better, but at this time, it was not going well at all. i was traveling a lot because i was the white house correspondent, but i was still able to go overseas and then come back and face the president. i remember asking him once that he thought it was a civil award and he agreed with his national intelligence estimate. indeed, no kidding, looked at me and said it is hard for me to say living in this big beautiful white house, you have been there, i have not been.

during that time, i think that day after day with the administration saying it is going just fine, but every night the american public being exposed to what was actually happening, i think the american public figure it out. it does not mean we went on the air and said everything is terrible and horrible and they are liars, it was that we went on the air and said, look, i am here, and i just got mortar and rocket hit. i have talked to a lot of people, and here is what they are saying. to me, day after day after day of doing that and having the american public figure that out, and president bush understanding that they needed to change strategy, they needed to do something different. frankly, that was a pretty courageous move to say that i know everybody says to get out but i am going to go, i am going

to double down on this one and send in more troops, and certainly the security situation improved dramatically. and we talked about this one, too. reporters really never get calls in the middle of the night. it is the old-fashioned besser you're on the phone all day or they will call you when something big happens. no one really ever calls you when something big happens. but when zarqawi was captured in iraq, and he was the head of al qaeda in iraq, i got a great phone call at 2:00 a.m., and how that fought to me was, not tonight, i am too tired. i was actually writing a book at the time. i worked all day covering the white house. i went home and had just hit the pillow. then i got the call, and they said "they got him." and i said, what, the god who? cozily in the middle of the night are never good. it is something better they want

you to do "good morning ameritech," which means you have to get up in two hours. that was one of the moments where i cannot believe i just got the huge story. it was great. it feels good. but what feels the greatest is really telling a story. i loved it when people come up to me and they do not say that i saw you on tv. they say i remember that story you did in iraq or i remember the story did in afghanistan to me, that is a meaningful thing about my job. >> i stumbled into this business as well. i was a very odd college freshmen. i showed of knowing exactly what i wanted to major in and do, and the most certainly was not journalism. i was going to be a historian. i knew i freshman week that that is what i was going to go to college to do. along the way, i got sidetracked into this journalism thing and had some internships and so on. the sort of totally fell in love with it and decided that given a

choice between right seeing a rough history and writing a history were you could ask follow-up questions, i would rather actually interviewed the people i was writing about. but i think it was a deeper thing than that. a little bit of personal background, i am a first- generation american. my father was a jewish refugee from germany. as i thought about it over the years, the choice of career was not so coincidental. in my heart, i have always believed that if people only knew proof, if people had put in their hands the actual fact, there would be a different outcome. people talk about the bias in journalism. for my money, most journalists and are reformers. they believe democracy really will make a good decision if only they know. our job is to actually communicate that. i have two very quick examples.

i was working the "new york times" washington bureau in the late 1980's and there were general speeches saying that the libyans were building a chemical weapons factory and they had gotten support from european countries. and that was it, and everybody said oh, well, that is terrible. khaddafi should not have those weapons. i asked everyone in washington to tell me who was doing this, and they all said it is classified. i was talking to one guy who said you knew it, and i said, come on, give me the name. he cannot do that. i said, what letter does it start with? he said, you're out of your mind. then i said, ok, split the off of it in half. where does it said. not a word. i began going everywhere i could. everybody threw me out of their offices. i walked into the office of the man i never met before it was in the state department.

he was not working on this any more but he had. i never met the man, but i said it would be enormously important if people knew who this was. and he said, that is right and you'd be surprised. and i said, do you remember the name? and he said, it has been a year, i cannot. let me think for a minute. there was this silence. i could hear my heart beating. and he said, ok, it is a german company. it is something like einhausen. and as it, how you spell that? and he said, i do not know, i do not speak german. so i call the bureau in berlin during christmas time. this court -- the correspondent was home. there was just this kid who spoke good english, very energetic. tom cyber. and i said, we're looking for a company that makes pesticides, because that is how you can make chemical weapons. i said, their german. they probably came across hard

times financially about five years ago, but they're looking pretty good right now. the most of the contract somewhere. about three hours later he called me at home, and he said i think i have something. i ask the name. and he said it was not einhausen. there was not one of those. but he said there is an inhausen. there were almost bankrupt five years ago and now they're very flesh. an asset at think we should call this man. we actually interviewed this man, and he turned out to be the guy. his denials were quite amazing. even said he jewish family, and that is why you never do this to its own people, but in fact, he had done this. myself and michael gordon broke this story. bill safire wrote a column, the headline of which sent the germans into absolute orbit and

created an international sensation. and the headline was auschwitz in the sand. >> ooh. so how did it feel when you got that word -- eimhausen? >> it wasn't indescribable moment. the second indescribable moment -- it was an indescribable moment. i went to this meeting and my friend covered arms control. we sat down, and he said this is my colleague who covers the cia. i look to these two guys and i said, look, we have the story. we know all about it. it is the spider in the web. but in fact, all we had was the name. the guys looked at me and said, did you get a briefing from the cia about this? and i said, look, i do not

discuss my sources. [laughter] i would not talk about our conversation. and they said, did they tell you what the state department wrote? they said we're running this whole thing. not them, us. at that point, they began to lay out in an army to be dealt things we knew nothing about, all of which turned out to be true. that was the moment where i thought, oh, my, this is really fun. >> i think all of you guys can agree that there's that moment right before it goes to print or right after you have been on the air in your like -- i hope this is -- even if you have the most bold and of sources, there is a moment where it is absolutely terrifying. >> in that story, that moment came. people visualize washington as a place where leaks are handed to you. finally we get the story, and i went to see a very senior adviser, chief of intelligence for the state department, and as

that we have the story and would you like to add anything? then the story broke, and the germans started off by denying it. the state of, would not say anything. we went and said we know this is true. we said, you made this mess, you can get out of it. and i thought to myself at that moment, are we sure? >> the title of this conversation tonight is spirit of david halberstam. you are the managing editor of an organization that was created in a kind of sense of desperation for investigative reporting. it was created because a couple in california were willing to endow for release three years. investigative reporting, because the perception was that it was

genuinely in jeopardy. and when the existence of this was announced, the call went out for people who might be interested. the former editor of the "wall street journal" said it is actually very discouraging, because we're getting overwhelmed with applications from very, very good journalists, for places like the "los angeles *." it was dispiriting because they were prepared to leave jobs like those at the "los angeles times" for something that may or may not survive for very long, but it was certainly not the platform that the "los angeles times" had been. you're probably the top model of nonprofit journalism right now.

what do you see in terms of the likelihood of the survivability of this kind of reporting that you have done, you have spent your life that, that david halberstam and body? >> investigative reporters are optimists, first of all. you have to believe that if you keep banging at this locked box, it will actually contain something. so i am an optimist. i think in a long, long run, investigative reporting will flourish. i think ultimately, what we are seeing in this revolution in newspaper and journalism and the media business is that you need content that is original. i think they're ultimately will be a commercial argument for finding things out that nobody else knows. i certainly hope that is the case. i think you can make a real commercial argument for it. in the long run, there's great hope. the transitional time we're in right now is a very ugly one. >> is your perspective sort of

toys of who you have the ability to hire if you have the money to hire still as overwhelming as it was when this was announced? >> it is a little bit less than it was. and it is interesting why. in many areas, i would say we have got 1300 resonates when we started and have gotten more. >> these are real jobs. what made it so appealing was that these were jobs that were paying living wage, that were going to create a news room. it was going to be something that was genuinely for real. it was not a hopeful start up. it was something that was really going to be well-founded, at least as long as the founders did not get mad. >> and so far, so good. the one area where it has changed a little bit, and it is

interesting, in the world financial of journalists right now, where we are competing with say reuters and the "wall street journal" and limber, all of which are very well funded in different ways, we're always below that i am i know. financial journalism is probably a little bit healthier. but that is because bloomberg and writers haven't ever kind of thing where they're charging companies for information as well as producing journalism. >> you are from the world of traditional media. commercial media, for-profit media, media that is in many ways endangered abc. maybe not as a network but abc news. who knows? i am do not know. i am asking you. did david halberstam represent the beginning of a generational change?

he has talked about the great tradition that he was sort of part of. but i would say that he said of established a tradition, one willing to take on government in a way that is not the general way in the past. and we're members of the succeeding generation in the folks from the crimson and other students here tonight are people who represent another generation. what you think abc news has to say to the generation that is coming on a they are interested in a career with this? >> abc news has an investigative unit, which is great. really, all the networks do at this point. i think one of the things the networks realize is that if you do not have an investigative unit, you really are not a real news organization. that the fines un helps define a news organization that they will put that kind of money into

investigative units. one of the things you all know well about investigative reporting is sometimes it does not pan out. you may have just invested a lot of money and time into something that did not happen. that you did not find out what you thought you might find out. there was no one doing anything wrong, or least that is what you found out. i think everybody in journalism today is worried, because we're in this incredible transition. i cannot tell you how many younger people come up to me and say i want to be a foreign correspondent sunday, just like you. >> can you have them call global post? >> yes, i will. i love that the pill is still there. i love that someone can look at what i do or what charlie does and say, and all his young, fabulous staff to run into oversees all the time now -- he

does have the best staff. because they lived there. they really know what to ask. to me, the networks offer -- in all the white noise and all the journalism that is out there, i think it is more difficult for people to figure out where to turn. i think it is difficult to figure out what is important. even if you go to the "new york times" on the internet, if we have the paper in front of us and i am doing that less and less, quite frankly, and reading in more and more on the internet -- in the old days, the story on the right is the most and corn and story that you should read. i told my children growing up that all they had to do was read the first paragraph of every story, except one, on the front page, or they had to read the whole thing. i tried. that story on the right was the

story that was most important. i look to the internet at night. one hour it is this, the next to that, and the next that. i worry about that for generations that does not quite know it is important, and there are so many choices. trust me, i go on our website reading about lindsay lohan, too. i do not want to say that people do not. i mean, there are so many stories to tell. summer entertainment stories. summer foreign-policy. but you need a little bit of all of them. i think that the network people forget this. we have 8 million viewers every night. if that is a pretty astonishing number still. we still have 8 million viewers. i think what we can offer and that the networks are kind of one of the last areas, despite what everyone says about mainstream media, we're horrible, i frankly think it is

the most objective news you can get on television, and you can tune in and watch world news or brian williams, and you get 22 minutes of the day's news. they're very few places you can go in that economy of time to get the day's news. that is what i hope we stay with. i know sometimes the networks think we have to do a different model because we're losing viewers, but to me, the most attractive thing about what we do is that we present what happens on a daily basis on those programs. it is great, and i do that all the time, too. but if i miss the evening news, and i look at all of them when i get home, just spinning through them, i think you're missing out on being a citizen.

i worry about that. i worry about the generation that does not know what the important stuff is. and you are losing a professional class that has invested their lives in figuring out what the important stuff is. that is not meant to sound arrogant, but we do this for a living. and we try to interest people in what is important. >> you represent another model still, which is a startup model, but it is a four-problem model focused on news. there are a lot of the start- ups, but they're very few. talk about what the conviction and the optimism was that inspired global post and what it is now.

>> global post starts as a split screen here in boston. i have been working at the boston globe. i had a fellowship at harvard. i have come off of 10 years old, is a foreign correspondent. i have covered iraq, afghanistan, and i feel like averaged that moment where this work really matters. is that moment at which the boston globe pulls the plug on its foreign operation and decides they are no longer going to have any international news. i have been feeling very sad about this great institution that i love. i know the people who had to make those decisions are said, too. but something is going to have to be born out of this. i intend to do with a lot of journalists do, to think about starting a non-profit. because those of us, even i think i have a real entrepreneur real streak, but i do not have that business skill. i am thinking, i will look to get $30 million. i would love a huge grant.

i know i could pull the team together. where do i get the money? i start with a not-for-profit model. i am doing this while my four sons are pounding up of men on the floor boards in my little basement office, and i am thinking i cannot leave the boston globe unless i really have funding. it is very hard to build a not- for-profit. it is very difficult. and just about the moment i am approaching despair, i come see you and others. i was putting together an advisory board, and several of you mentioned that i might want to talk to someone else in town here who has another model, which is a for-profit models. that was phil baldone. martha's old boss. he really had a business plan of how he felt he could do this. and it made a lot of sense to me. he shared it with me. i think he saw in me someone

with the contacts and network to build that team. we shared an editorial vision of what we wanted it to be. we were right in sync. had he invited me to come in with him as a co-founder, he had lined up a lot of the investment, and we were able to go forward and do this startup. that was 2008. i left the boston globe on st. patrick's day 2008, and we launched global post in january 2009. we launched with zero traffic. we're now getting past a big milestone of 1 million uniques per month, which is how you to the metric on the web. that is 1 million people every month to come to our site. there is a great engaged audience that is there. we have about 65 correspondence on contract and about 50 countries. we have about 100 correspondent in total who are writing for us all the time.

they're all over the world. they are a mix of real young people who are getting their first shots and being a foreign correspondent peter their mid- career veterans who find themselves short of crashed on the rocks of the collapse of the establishment of journalism. there also wonderful veterans who have been around for a long time, like david greenway, who writes a column for us. he is going to afghanistan for us this month. that is 50 years of experience in david. we have some 20 years and some with two years. but we had this team. it is a little bit like herding cats. they're all over the place. but i think what binds them together is the sense of that tradition that david halberstam talked about. david halberstam was part of something that i am is sad to say no longer exists. that is the added that you can start at the small paper in the

deep south covering an important story on the local level. then you get to the tennesseean and then you get a big shot at the big city paper. that is what i did. i went to the bergen record. i covered hudson county, a jersey city, and looked across the new york city. then i finally got to "the new york daily news." then i went to the boston globe. that journey of going from one paper to the next is largely over for the younger -- you know, for the students cheered the crimes and who really want to take on this career, it is going to be a different path. what we're trying to do global close to say we want to be about the next generation of foreign correspondents. we want to start a new kind of model that is basically a free- lance model and say, here's a shot to go off to a country where you have some facility for the language, and you need to live there. it is a prerequisite of hours

they live in a place about which you write. because that is the only way you can get at those stories. so we are trying to create something new they can replicate the experience that david halberstam had. which is to get that moment that every foreign correspondent is waiting for. which is that intersection when history, as he put it, catapult's you to a moment when journalism matters. and that -- you do not know when that is going to happen, but it is the thing everyone is out there looking for. the more people we have in the world trying to do that, the more eyeballs we have in the world, i think the better we are as a country, and we need to start building these new models. because we cannot let the great traditions of journalism die. we have got to start thinking about rebuilding. >> i know you wanted to talk about a particular story that just appeared on global post. it will help people understand what global post does. we have the visual of this.

explain. >> this is a story that we did last summer. what we have been trying to do a global post is to think about how we can stay with a story but also create an environment of understanding that takes you in depth. this is a history of the taliban. i started covering the taliban in 1996, because the then- foreign editor of the boston globe sent me and said there's this new movement called the taliban and check them out. it fantastic photographer started covering it at the same time. we have known each other for a long time. this was a journey back to understand that. there's one story that needed the photographer nor myself broke that was inside this series. and that was by our kabul correspondent. we were having lunch in kabul, a big ngo hang out. this swarthy ngo came past and

give her a hug, and she said he has a contract or they actually have to pay the taliban protection money. i dropped my fork and said, excuse me? and she said, yeah, everyone knows that. an acid, and no, they do not. check please. we literally started reporting the story, and he began to dig in on the story. she did not break it perfectly. this was not sort of a spotlight boston globe six-month investigation, but she got the first story of that said usaid gives hundreds of millions of dollars a year for contractors and subcontractors. when it gets to the subcontractor level, that is where there are afghan contractors. and those subcontractors are absolutely paying off the taliban for protection. it is a protection racket with a straight 20% of the contract. we began to do the math on that. we're talking like potentially

hundreds of millions of dollars. certainly scores of millions of dollars. and we began to think this is just a huge story. a global post, we do not have all the resources we need to get that story. partnering with propublica are getting more funding to take us a deeper is what we need to think about if we're going to really get those kinds of stories. we know we have the people in place to confine them. we got it far enough down field that usaid began to investigate. the next screen just came out last week. usaid spend one year on an audit. it was protocol in the middle of the night, but they did give us a phone call saying the report is out, and we're giving it to you first. it basically confirmed our reporting that the taliban is taking 20% cut off of afghan subcontractors in afghanistan. one contract is $5 million.

so our tax dollars going to the taliban. that story resonated. it got us a lot of attention. i think we're trying to find a way that we can do those kinds of stories now. that has really become the focus for me. we want to keep the daley machine going with great feature stories in great coverage, done by people who really know it. and we take it deeper into the store is a matter? can we do the kind of stuff that david halberstam loved to do? >> what david halberstam did was that he was a professional journalist. he made a living, a modest one out of college, but wages grew overtimes. he began writing books. he spent the rest of his career effectively as a book writer, a journalist who wrote books.

my point is this, you have talked about a new model. propublica paid a living wage. you have made a career. you have had a daughter and paid a mortgage and lived a life based on being paid in a way that allowed you to be a professional journalist. there's a lot of thought now that professional journalism may genuinely be an endangered concept. is it important? >> first of all, yes, absolutely it is important. one of the things -- the initial rush from the internet began destroying the business model side of this. people say it will not be so bad because we will have crowd sourcing. the crown will investigate things. it turns of that if the crowd were that good at reporting, there would already be reporters. crowds of people do not actually find that much out. the crowd sourcing thing has been the great disappointment.

i do believe that the future will bring us more stability. we cannot overstate how much of a transitional time this is. a couple of quick facts for the audience. when i worked at the oregonian, we were in newspaper that was gaining 50% of our revenue for the internet, half of our dollars, from classified advertising. our business model was simple. you want to sell your car, give us $100 now, and by the way, you have to type it. what can be a better model than that? we would save you do not like that, just do not sell your car, and we were the only game in town. craigslist comes along. the effect that has on the business side of things cannot be underestimated. down the road, we all know the ethical decision in journalism is giving away content for free. has to be the stupidest idea i have heard of. but we did it, it is done. now we have to clot that back.

over the next few years, we will see that people will begin charging small amounts of money to large numbers of people. i think the business will ultimately merge in a way that we do not yet know. it will stabilize. there will be living wages. people actually want information. i think it will pay for it. >> what about the talented amateurs, the people who graduate from harvard and really have a passion for it? that seems to be being refreshed again and again. is that going to be enough? is there a need for people who send a kid to college and pay a mortgage from the profession of journalism? >> first of all, i do not think the media has done a particularly good job of letting the american public know what we do is important. i really do not. i hope you are right about everything you just said. because i think we have sort of stood back in been stunned by

all the changes. there are a lot of really smart people working on trying to keep up with this. but in effect, the public does not understand the importance of journalism in many ways. i always say, you miss us when we're gone. and the content, there are tons of young reporters here, too. to me, there's a new model -- a denial no if you know nick, if a young journalist who freelances for a living. he is fantastic. i first met nick find pakistan. he moved to pakistan with his wife, and they lived there for two years until the got thrown out and there vis the pulled because he wrote something in the "new york times" that musharraf did not like or the isi did not like. but nick and his wife have managed to get a house, pay a

mortgage. i think it is a harder model than perhaps what i went through, and i do not think any of us got in it for the monday. but that steady job, one place, all the time. >> working for the man. >> yeah. i think nick has a wonderful model. he loves what he is doing. he writes for the "new york times" magazine all the time. because he's talented. if you're talented and a great journalist, you'll do ok. >> this matters a great deal. recalled us. i had a similar career to david halberstam. i was a copy boy at the "new york times," caring around pieces of papers. i was one of the last of the boys in america. i went to the north va pilot at age 22 and was suddenly covering a school busing as a person who recently got out of high school, really. i do not have kids. i did not have a family. i had no idea what it was like to be an adult in our society.

i was sitting there trying to tobussing in the south -- trying to interpret busing in the south to an entire community of people. i was way over my head. nothing wrong with it. i have put many young people in places better way over their head. newspapers for people who do not have families, in their early 20's, and have no idea about life, i think newspapers would be more poor for it. >> i think the young journalists like nick will grow into that as well. >> they leave and nobody comes back, we will have a problem. >> we see an interesting model developed. if you see a young, very talented person -- i will give you one example. vecky.e it talented photographer.

she is well educated but cannot write. she cannot ride out of the box for someone who has done it for 10 years or so. but she has a gift as a photographer. she goes to turkey for us, lives in istanbul, and begins to unpack that place. has an affinity for it, understand its history. a she slowly start sending back these photo essays that tell us things about turkey that are really interesting. she begins to write well to the images. by doing simple reporting, interviews, quotes, building the story. she started slow and is now getting very good. we had to pay her in a way that probably was not that different than david halberstam wide made it that first newspaper that he went to, where he made probably nothing and was trying to make his name. thesee're seeing is that younger correspondence can be getting -- can begin putting together lives and they can write books, have their own

blogs, do free-lance for people. it is a different life. it is a harder life. the idea of being the boston globe middle east correspondent, living in jerusalem, my family is well-taken care of. i never owned a new car in my life until the globe least one for me in jerusalem. it was a stunningly generous way of telling you to go out and cover the world the way the boston globe used to be able to afford to do it. it was the luckiest thing. it was the greatest job you could ever have to be working for a big, a great newspaper as a foreign correspondent, from my point of view. now it is hard. if you guys want to do this, it is difficult. you have to be your own grant. you have to be entrepreneurialism. you have to think about where you want to take your career. you have to make the decisions. i would never let niki good to afghanistan or iraq. no way she is ready for that. no way she is ready for that. but she put