state has done a good job in the last several years with cooperation with mexican law enforcement. we have made headway along these lines. outside of the illegal drug trade and trafficking of drugs, there is also a human interest story. in touring the desert, the governor knows this, you see water bottles. diapers. not having that border security is an invitation for human suffering. one of the cases i've prosecuted in wyoming was a girl who brought her older sister along with her. they were fearful for the people that brought them over, that if they said this to law enforcement, these things would happen to them. governor brewer, of course, is

there. but the interior states also see this and see what a porous border does. it causes human suffering and it is not necessarily a success. one of the interesting things there was the issue, as i recall, that the block -- the border split. the tribe was very interested in having that open. on top of that, governor, help me, right along the border? we saw a video clip of armed men coming through their with

families and tents in the middle of the night. this was eight years ago, nine years ago. how is that going? >> governor, the fact that when you were down there i was still the chief of border patrol, i think that i remember you down there. both of those have actually worked out. three historical crossings have been there. i have considered the members of the tried and they cannot get

use those crossings. the nation has come up with what is known as the western hemisphere tribal initiative, which has basically given the states, the border states, and thus the ability to use a limited amount of travel documents that they can apply for and used across there. now, they have not gotten to that point yet. when we do get to that point, they will be able to cross back and forth as citizens. this goes back to the treaty of 1835, when that nation was split. the other question that to ask relates to the forward operating base is where our officers are deployed. they live and operate in those areas. this year as part of a $600

million supplement that will bring us up to 10 forward operating bases in that remote area. they are absolutely essential to operations. i think that you will be pleasantly surprised to see the difference from when you saw it the last time to what the border is now. still a lot of work to do. >> are the shadows still operating? >> they do operate and are currently working for ice. >> thank-you. >> [inaudible] we do appreciate it. i look forward to further discussions with you. with that i would like to turn it over to my co-chair to introduce our next speaker.

mr. flynn? >> thank you very much. dr. flynn is a leading expert on societal infrastructure agreements. he has published works, including those that came shortly after 9/11. more recently, the acclaimed book theme that the edge of disaster, rebuilding a brazilian nation. he has been working as the president at the center for national policy and has been focused on that work, leading the effort to organize a summit in washington, d.c., as we approach the 10th anniversary of september 11 and those attacks. in addition to those accomplishments, as it is cochaired by tom kean prior to

being selected to lead the senate for national security studies at the council of foreign relations, an expert adviser that we have come to know as the rudman commission. that commission does make impressive recommendations about the high likelihood of terrorist attacks on our soil. dr. flynn, i appreciate your excerpt on the homeland security council. we serve on the resilience taskforce, which recently published to this report. we did our is amongst the minds of the nation.

after the attacks, all of us understood what it meant to respond. including the recent successful operation in pakistan. we understand what the company met in terms of the information sharing the two talked about. in terms of building up that capacity and personal protection equipment, resilience is a new term. i am not sure that it is a continuum as much as it is a constant cycle. dr. flynn will talk with us about this today. how can we build and redesigned a free and open society that is better able to recover

economically, socially, in terms of transportation and everything else after these devastating attacks. were they natural or man-made? >> i could not be delighted to be here. in the border patrol, i am a post card officer. at the end of my career i had the opportunity in the revenue commission, produced in 2001, the level one national security challenge on the soil. we were not well prepared for it.

the reality is that despite a long career span with the coast guard like the apartment of homeland security. front lines are not at the border. that is not what is happening with our brave men and women. it is the greatest asset that we have. i would like to put an exclamation mark on that tied directly to 9/11. the first, first and foremost, the only successful counter- terror is an operation on that day was conducted aboard united 93 by the brave men and women on that airline. wase's certain destination

the u.s. capitol building. cuff those people were protected by one thing alone, everyday americans supporting that claim, keeping it from its destination. we have an obligation in government to play the role that we play, but let's not lose sight of the fact that we have this asset, everyday americans, who will step up to support that mission. the second is a story that virtually very few new yorkers know. september 11, after the towers came down, many new yorkers went south. some of them discovered for the first time that man had was an island. a colleague of mine did something rather spontaneous. calling out of the broadcast

frequency, he asked any available boats to come to lower manhattan and help these people off the island. ferryboats, tugboats, barges, yachts, converging on lower manhattan, evacuating close to 500,000 people. all over the course of several hours. putting that in context, the great dunkirk evacuation of the british troops, resulting in the certain destruction of the expeditionary force, we know that from world war ii. we celebrate it. the same thing happened on 9/11 band we do not know the story. of course, we need to invest

more. let's put these numbers into context. since 9/11 what we have spent on the wars in afghanistan is close to $12 trillion. $275 million per day, every single day for 10 years. the total amount we have been spending annually in programs to better gauge the american people, to work with law enforcement or public safety, roughly 75 minutes. not to say that we will not spend what we can as a nation, investing in these things. but are we investing enough in this great asset that we have?

dealing with the dangers that confront us? the fact is the terrorist threat has fundamentally changed over the last 10 years. the current and now the parting national terrorism director highlighted this as well. terrorists have essentially gone into smaller operations with increasingly homegrown dimensions, operating as lone wolves within two's and threes. central al qaeda, with the death of osama bin laden, is not able to orchestrate the large-scale conspiracies that we saw on 9/11, but it does mean that terrorism is more likely to come out smaller homes. without sophisticated conspiracies, you do not have the smoke signals and tripwires that help you or leon.

homegrown problems are bad for the national security apparatus. the front lines of terror prevention will be at states and localities with everyday people. we know that there was a near miss with the times square bombing. he was not on anyone's intelligence radar screen. he went into times square, short of the compound, drove by a squad car, parked his suv, getting out with it the intent to ignite it. the person that spotted it was a t-shirt vendor with better situational awareness than many local policeman. looking for squatters or customers? you are sure to know your neighborhood. he had a relationship with the

police. meaning, again, that our front line includes these guys. the opportunity on the 10th anniversary of 9/11 gives us a chance to reflect on where we came from and where we will go. something about what i wish we had done 10 years ago. here is how you can help. we know that we all shop and over dramatize, but we recall the unity and selflessness of this country in response to that. yet we did not give people meaningful things to do. i know that i was speaking recently to a young woman who was a senior executive in the

market to bake cookies for three days. people wanted to help and they did it in any way that they could. in a larger sense we told them to go shop and travel. a promise that we cannot deliver on. in the three years that we have built from the bottom-up, the focus has to be at the community and individual level. washington does not have much credibility these days. you have the credibility to ask americans these basic questions, where were you and what were you willing to do? what are you willing to do now? answer that question by asking them to do three things. be better prepared for the first 72 hours to look out for you and your family.

a smart thing for you and your family. but it also takes the load off the front line players. second, one out of five americans cannot help themselves. they may be old, infirm. offered to be there for them if something goes wrong. they might need help with the identification process. they may not know the person next door. that is the person that needs help and we need ways to connect that. third, volunteered. for the 13 citizens, the ways that they can volunteer, but the way that you honor the tragedy of that day, you honor the men and women in uniform who have been making the sacrifices by doing something.

being more able to volunteer and support the limited resources we will always have when confronted by emergencies. finally, we need to roll up our sleeves and find out what makes a community brazilian. we know that some of them when they are hit, they cannot get back up. others did not did knock down. there was such strength there. on the gulf coast of mississippi, we have done a good bit of work. slammed by the deepwater are rising. that scrappy part of the country is as resilient as it gets when it comes to responding, helping each other out how to forward.

that is the strength we have always had in this country. how do we do it? we can identify what makes the community better able to stand up to a disaster with a vision for how it responds to the public, drawing the assets from leone in the government level from what private sectors can bring to bear. you have to engage up front. you cannot simply call out afterwards. we know that there is a resilience institute over the last four years that identifies the how to that community should have to become resilience. here is what to do. we should be able to assess that, tying things like insurance to provide vanities --

benefits to communities that achieve that level. the cost will not be so great and we will recover quickly. we have to invest in doing it and that is something that can only happen at the state of local level. they can champion good things when they happen. it is why i am so thrilled to be with you today. leadership is going to happen at this level. resilience as part of the national security council, there was an office of security policy that they are talking about turning into something real, happening at the state and local level. something that americans will respond to unless you use this

10th anniversary as a teachable moments to remember, reflect, and most importantly to act and move forward. i would like to take any questions you might have. >> questions, thoughts? >> you have expressed it so very well, the sentiment that we all take time to reflect upon, what we are feeling as a country, the spirit, trying to recapture that. one of the things that i work done, the country seemed to forget this very easily. your suggestion of how we get

people involved reflects complacency. it will not happen again, as you pointed out. it is something that we need to be prepared for now. a great suggestion. certainly of of the by court in wyoming. -- certainly i will do my part in wyoming. every sort of group that we have working on homeland security, getting citizens involved in this in a big way. building upon that spirit that you spoke about. >> thank you, governor. in washington, d.c., focusing on new york, these were high rise

stories such as i shared at the outset with how to become resilience. anything that a more modest scale, that is the emotion that is tied to them. the deep emotions we are all familiar with online/11 is the shock and trauma. it will come back, if you acknowledge it will be there. now we need to harness it by asking -- what can you do? children, perhaps, asking, where were your parents on 9/11? what are they willing to do now? access like that would be powerful for many adults. my daughter just turned 16.

she was 6 on 9/11. i know that she was focusing on this and saying that this is a part of the day. something that i think we could really help with in terms of bringing great strength back to our society. >> as we think about this, regarding resiliency and better inform citizens, the most important title and citizen, part of it also involves physical construction as well. i am wondering, governors do best when we see best practices, best models.

i am wondering, if you talk a bit more about carry? and regional resilience? talk about the notion and best practices. for example, i think that after the devastation of katrina and horrible stories of people being left behind without generators, required as a part of the licensed homes, that they all have generators. we also require that many new school buildings be built to accommodate rolling generators that in the past we were able to purchase france, serving as a shelter, looking at a time a black out. i a understand that those are steps toward resiliency.

we might emulate or point out. >> one thing that we have done, that many of us were not aware of until a couple of years ago, when we become overwhelmed with state highway resources we have a web of mutual assistance in place that the mayors can call upon. i suppose that that is sort of a resiliency. what are the models? >> thank you for providing the information with other

governor's offices and fall. let me make a pitch for some states that are not unified. as we have seen with some places, if the power is out for the human stations, there is a problem. practical things. one of the key functions that we want to make sure of, is there a continuity in the face of risk? what a reasonable measures are up front to mitigate that destruction? focusing on continuity of function, protecting infrastructure, how do we feel the continuity of a bridge is what mobility provides? within that context, what are

the vulnerabilities? what are the reasonable measures? with a deep dive into these communities with a southeast focus, drawing from that information from the last three years that people from across the country and other practitioners have come up with. that there is a basic process on the delivered lines. we need to focus on the finding that. they have not done as good a job as they could.

>> they are pushing them out. >> i am excited about the geography. >> what is the provision we have for addressing that risk that has to be laid out? inventory such as you have suggested, drawing on profits and private sectors to deal with that risk. the key is we know that this is the company that realizes that if you cannot get back up on their feet, neither can they. if the schools do not open quickly, your parents do not come back and do not shop. if they are evacuating, they rush to get back. getting back to class, they are spending money and are back in the community, helping you out. the private sector should support that when they can. support that when they can.