three and a half years and you can see that something is wrong with his perspective. not only have 92% of the job losses been among women, but you have seen 800,000 people overall lose jobs, and values -- home of the lawyers have declined. the median income for the average american has struck by 10%. homes of been foreclosed upon. the president's policies have not worked. he said his stimulus work. that was three and a half years ago. he barred $787 billion and said he would hold unemployment under 30%. he said by now we would be below 6%. .

homes of been foreclosed upon. the president's policies have not worked. he said his stimulus work. that was three and a half years ago. he barred $787 billion and said he would hold unemployment under 30%. he said by now we would be below 6%. you have failed. we have seen it. you cannot hide it. we are going to change it. [applause] there is one place the president has delivered. he said his energy policies would cause energy prices to skyrocket. he was speaking to a group of newspapers the other day, publishers and owners, and he said that this is going to be a defining election. this is going to be a critical election that will determine the course of the nation. not just for a year or two, but indefinitely. this is not an election, in my view, about a person or a party. it is an election about the direction of america. we are going to have to -- [applause] we're going to have to ask ourselves what it means to be american today and in the future. we will have a choice between two paths, one which is outlined by our president, which

is a government centered society, where government calls the shots, where business is the bad guy, we pick up these scapegoats to attack. but a government centered society. then there is the other view, the view that is laid out by this -- by the founders that i subscribe to. america is the land of freedom and opportunity. [applause] i will ask you four questions in a moment. if you have questions that you want to ask, i will do that and do my best to answer them. but a couple of thoughts about government-centered society in contrast with a nation that is free and filled with opportunity for entrepreneurs. one of the onta and doors was talking about how she and -- one of them was talking about how she and her husband started a business some years ago. just sitting around the kitchen table they took out a piece of paper and said, wouldn't be

something to learn more about upholstery? and her husband took an upholstery class. and decided to start a business upholstery and goats. now they decide -- now they employ dozens of people in a business that makes upholstery. it is amazing, the entrepreneurial, innovative spirit of america. and their success does not make us poorer. it is time for us to have a president who will not apologize for success at home and will never apologize for america overseas. [applause] between these jiabao visions of a government-centered society and a free -- between these two visions of a government-center study and a free society, you have these two things.

you have a government and with a trillion dollar deficit ultimately sink our economy in the future. i will cut the rate of spending. i will capet and i will finally get us to a balanced budget. [applause] under this president, will have a health-care setting where the government tells you what kind of health insurance company you must have, and i am convinced, which treatments you can receive and which ones you cannot. if i am president, i will get rid of obamacare and return the responsibility of health care to you. [applause]

this is a president who said that it comes to energy. it is clearly does not like coal or oil or natural gas. he is for all the things that are above the ground, solar and wind. but the stuff beneath the ground he is not for. i am for all of it, above and below. i will get the energy security for this country and i will build that pipeline from canada. [applause] and this president's government- centered society, they love to talk about the economy and they want the economy to do well. they just do not like business very much. what they do not understand is that the economy is nothing but the addition of all of the businesses of america together. that is what makes the economy.

saying you do not like business is like saying you like, that -- like armlets, but you do not like eggs. -- like you like, but do not like eggs. you know the president wants to take the tax on small business from 35% to 40%. you may say, i don't understand what you are talking about. let me point this out. the percentage of american workers who work in businesses that are taxed at the individual tax rate is 54%. a 54% of american workers work in businesses? as individuals. when the president wants to raise the individual tax rate, he is raising taxes on small business. and as he does so, he will kill jobs. and then there is another tax idea floated out by vice president biden.

some of us call him the gift that keeps on giving. [laughter] you know him well. [applause] he is proposing a global tax for businesses. i'm not sure what he has in mind, but i'm sure it will kill jobs. if you raise taxes on working people, you hurt families. when you raise taxes on small business, you kill jobs. that is what they are doing. in the name of fairness, they are killing the opportunity for americans to have a fair shot of a good job at a rising wage. we will put americans back into good jobs by stopping the attacks madness. -- the tax [applause] madness] and i see a member of -- the tax madness. [applause] and i see a member our armed forces. i appreciate your service. [applause] thank you.

the you know the state of our military readiness right now? our navy is smaller than any time since it was founded in 1917. our air force is smaller and older than any time it was founded in 1947. by the way, the 1917 number is not when the navy was founded. it is any time since 1917. and the air force, since its founding in 1947, is smaller and older. our troops are stretched to their breaking point. going back to iraq and afghanistan and multiple the point is, our president wants to cut the number of ships, aircraft, and personnel. my view is that the strong america is the best for an allied peace.

i will add to our military and give our veterans the care that they deserve. [applause] this is a defining election as to what course of america will take. will it remain strong militarily? will we be committed to low taxes and to growth, jobs, higher incomes, will we preserve a americans' freedom and opportunity? will we encourage small business or crush it through more regulation of like obamacare and dodd-frank and sarbanes oxley and one thing after another? i'm convinced that we will need to do something we should have done three and half years ago, and that is, to elect a conservative president for the united states.

i intend to be the president with your help. [applause] let me turn to you for any questions you may have. those of you that are in the sun are going to have a hard time. this is just a test. the detectives always put you in the sun to get the real truth out of you. yes, sir? there is a german right back there. hi, there. -- a gentleman right back there. hi, there. >> there's a lot of discussion on individual tax rates in this discussion, less about corporate tax rates. i know your plan would take it down 25%, but what additional steps would you take to get competitive and bring some of those companies back home from other countries? >> those that are not familiar with this, some countries have

figured out that business is a good thing, not a bad thing. and if they have tax rates that are lower, it might come out over time, -- it might over time, encourage businesses to grow there. with the highest tax rate in the world, we are encouraging businesses to leave. we have to be more competitive. we have to bring our tax rate down toward the european level. can you believe that? get our tax rate down 25% -- down to 25% and then have some of the deductions and so forth that have been worked into the code over the years. there are other things we can do. this is a strange one. only government could come up with this idea. let's say, you have a business with construction equipment, like caterpillar. and you decide you are going to build a factory in china to

build equipment there. the will not ship it back to the u.s.. it is too heavy. you'll try to keep it there and compete in china. you will ship the designs are there. and you are over there in a factory and it makes money. you pay chinese taxes, of course, because you'll be competing with the chinese construction equipment company. but if you want to bring money home to america, we will tax you for bringing it home. up to that 35% rate. if you want to keep it in china, you do not get tax by america. think what companies do. they keep it outside the u.s. it is estimated that over a trillion dollars in profit is held outside the u.s. because they do not want to bring it back and get hit with what is known as the repatriation tax. that makes no sense. bring money home. let it come back to create jobs here. make the businesses grow here. [applause] that is one more change.

thank you. yes, ma'am? >> i really have more of a comment appeared to be this, and you're going to have to go nose to nose and toaster toes with all of the untruths. it has to do with the data that is out there. i hope you're willing to do it, and that your campaign will do it. [applause] >> i heard a shout over there, harry truman's "give 'em hell." the truth came out as he spoke of pres. medvedev in russia. he said, i can be more flexible. you do not say that to the head of russia without making it clear to anyone listening that you have planned after your reelection that are different than those you are telling people during election. it will be a hide and seek campaign.

we will find out what he is going to do. i think we have some idea because of what we have seen in the last three years. [applause] thank you. yes, ma'am? >> [inaudible] >> for those who could not hear the question, what can we do to get more refineries in the u.s.? we will build refineries if there is oil to refine here. but if we continue to make it harder to get oil from here or from canada, why build a refinery? there is no particular need for it. the marketplace and competitors will build refineries if they are needed. and if there is raw material, namely crude oil that can be processed. we have a president whose administration has reduced the number of licenses that have

gone on federal land to drill by half. and he has reduced the number of permits to drill on federal land to one-third of what they need to be. we are not drilling for the production we are going to need tomorrow. therefore, people are not building -- people who build refineries and pipelines and things like this look at it and say, we will not need these because we are not ruling out. and this president has an have out -- and add out talking about how oil production has risen during his presidency. that is thanks to the prior president. and then he blames someone for higher oil prices. guess who he claims? he blames me for the high price of gasoline because i do not want to raise taxes on all oil companies. i do not like raising taxes on anybody. this president goes around and tries to find some group of americans that other americans may not like a lot or trust a lot.

then he says, let's tax them. it is their fault. this plane, this trying to divide america is not only wrong, it is dangerous. we are one nation under god and united we will stand and lead. [applause] >> how many czars do you plan to have, or do you plan to return to the good -- return the government to only three branches? >> i cannot imagine using that term. it is just amazing. the obama administration has added about 135,000 government workers. that is a lot people. it these entrepreneurs here, they do not begin to employ that many. it is a huge number of people. and the problem with 135,000 more government workers is not just that they have to be paid and have to get retirement

benefits and pensions and so forth, but they have to do something. and they do. they intrude in your life. they audit you, inspect you, regulate you. there are too many government workers. [applause] i look forward to eliminating government programs, not just cutting them, getting rid of some of them. do you know how many job training programs we have? we need job training programs for people who find themselves out of work and need new skills and get new kinds of jobs. but we have 49 different job training programs at the federal level. and a report to eight different agencies. think of the administrators, the bureaucrats, the salaries, pensions, the health-care cut. it is just outrageous. i would take all of that money and i would give delaware their fair share and say, you use this to train your own people in the way you and delaware think best.

[applause] >> my name is roxene wagner. it is a pleasure. i hope this is not inappropriate, but have you chosen a vice president? [laughter] >> i'm here to announce today -- [laughter] -- that i do not even have a list. this decision by senator santorum is unexpected. we will begin thinking about that at some point, but i cannot tell you when or who because we have not made those decisions yet. a lot of these decisions about the campaign going forward, we will be thinking about that this week and making a number of decisions. i have been thinking about process, not individual names. i do not want to get started too quickly, but are you available? [laughter]

yes, sir? >> as a 19-year-old american, i'm sure everybody knows about gasoline. as the president, hopefully, what are you going to do -- opec, if there is something happening in part of the world, they decide to make announcements to make it go crazy. also, donald trump has made comments about how opec is ripping us off. it has become more clear. as president, what would you do? >> i would take advantage of the oil resources we have here and allow additional drilling and provide licenses for additional drilling on federal lands. i would also build a pipeline from canada so we get more supply of oil here. i would take advantage of natural gas.

natural gas has come into its own in a big way. [applause] it sounds like you already know about this. we have always been able to grow vertically into the ground. but now we can go vertically and horizontally. as they go horizontal lee, they can tap into pockets of natural gas, or oil. and by pushing fluid into the pie, they are able to push the oil out. that is called fragging. this technology has allowed us to get 100 years of additional natural gas. it can be piped to our transportation networks on the interstate highway for long-haul trucks or fleet inside cities. it weakened the event of our oil resources, gas resources, coal resources -- we can take advantage of our oil resources, gas resources, coal resources. we always say, this is great that we will not have cars that require oil. yes, it requires coal. half of our electric energy

comes from coal. these are the things i can do to get the price of gasoline where people can afford it again. one of these women here describe to me her business and the fact that they have a fleet of 70 trucks. when gasoline prices go up by 25 cents or 30 cents a gallon, that makes a big difference. because trucks do not get 30 miles to the gallon. we will have to get serious about taking advantage of our energy resources. and by the way, in case you did not know, i spent my life doing what these women are doing. i spent my life in business. i understand why jobs leave. i understand why it is government is such a burden in various types of businesses. why is that government kills

jobs. my objective is to make government the ally of jobs, the ally of small business, and encourage job growth. [applause] >> mr. romney, if the supreme court upholds obamacare, when you are elected president, what are you going to do? >> well, one, we will not be very happy with them. but i actually believe they will do the right thing and overturned a obamacare. i certainly hope so. [applause] i agree with those justices that ask the questions. even justice prior ask a question about who could read this thing back to thousand 700 pages, how could the court piaster read such a thing? -- who could read this thing? 2007 hundred pages, who could read such a thing?

he has been giving waivers to obamacare to various unions. i will take that idea and give a waiver to all 50 states, so they do not have to follow obamacare. [applause] because some states will not accept that waiver, i will also have to get it repealed. let me tell you, i will not replace it with nothing. we will work piece by piece to find ways to bring the cost of health care down so it is more affordable. families are having a harder and harder time, particularly if someone in the family is ill.

there are things we can do to get the cost of health care down, and they must be done. there are some things i would like to do, but piece by piece. we cannot afford trillions of more federal dollars. this kind of deficit spending must be stopped. [applause] you got a young lady behind you. >> if you are elected president, besides obamacare, have you compiled a list of priorities that you will do in the first days of your administration? >> thank you, and it is a long, long list. i will not take you through all of it.

let me tell you some of the things i would do by executive order on day one. one, i will grant a waiver for obamacare. number two, all of the obama era of regulations i will put a hold on and remove those that killed jobs. [applause] 3, i will remove corporate tax rates. four, i will label china a currency manipulator, which allows the president to be able to crack down on where they have stolen intellectual property or have had a unfair trade that kill jobs. to me, this is about getting our economy going again, short-term and long-term. those are some of the things i would do right off the bat. then other things. we've got to repeal sarbanes oxley, dodd-frank, obamacare. we have a long list. [applause]

i want to take the top tax rate that americans pay and i want that about 20% of where it is now. how will i pay for it? i will limit the deductions, particularly for high income folks so that the high-income folks pay the same share they now appeared on not looking to lower taxes on the wealthy, as the democrats always charge. they will share the -- pay the same burden a share now. but by lowering the marginal tax rates, that helps small business. instead of paying 35% tax rate, they will pay more. these are the kinds of things small businesses need to do to grow and add jobs. we have to understand that we are in competition. i am told that your time is up and my time is up. we are in competition for jobs. we are in competition for the best jobs. we want to rising incomes.

we want our economy to be so strong. and by the way, that means all of our businesses, to be so strong that they will form the strongest military in the world. we want to have the best schools in the world. we do not. we want to care for veterans and seniors in the best way imaginable. we want these things to be once again the american experience. we will have to work hard to encourage enterprises to get them to grow again, to get them to hire here. everything we are doing from education policies to labor policies to tax policies, we got to encourage enterprise. this is not hard. the we have this dichotomy.

the president is looking for someone to blame for his own failures. he is looking for some group to blame tuesday, let's tax the people, let's regulate these people. we want to lift all americans. that is the right course for america's future. [applause] i love this country. i love america. don't you love this country? i love this country. [applause] the founders were eager brilliance -- either a brilliant or inspired, and probably both. they said the creator gave us our rights, not government. and among those rights were life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

we will be free in america to pursue happiness as we choose. this freedom, this opportunity to bind -- to define america as a nation, these guys in washington do not understand that. they think that government bureaucrats, smart as they are, can live our lives better than we can for ourselves. they are wrong. free people choosing free enterprises have built the strongest economy in the world and the greatest nation on earth. this is not time for government. this is time for free people. i will restore america's freedom and get america strong again. thank you so much. [applause] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2012] ♪ ["born free" by kidd rock]

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republican presidential candidate rick santorum is ending his campaign. he made the announcement in his home state of pennsylvania. he is joined by family and supporters. it is always an honor to be here. gettysburg, such a historic town. first and foremost, i want to thank everybody for the outpouring of paris over the past weekend -- of prayers over the past weekend. we had a difficult weekend. good friday was a little bit of a passion play for us with our daughter, bella, who is the joy of our lives, getting unfortunately -- getting,

unfortunately, very sick. she is a fighter. she is doing exceptionally well. she is back with us and the family. we look forward to spending a lot of great time with her. but it did pause -- cause us to think. as the role that we have as parents in her life and with the rest of our family, this was a time for prayer and bought over the past weekend. just like it was, frankly, when we decided to get into this race. my wife and i and the kids sat at the kitchen table and talk about our hopes and fears and concerns. we were very concerned about our role as being the best parents we possibly could be to our children and making sure that they have a country where the

american dream was still possible. i think a lot of concern that we had for our family was that, what was going on in washington, d.c., and all the problems that you've heard me talk about on the campaign trail, that the american dream was slipping, not just from the hands of average americans, but for all americans, that that dream was slipping away. as the parents, that we ought to go out and do what we could take and that responsibility for our children and for children across this country. we started out almost a year ago now. i told my story, our story of our family, my grandfather, who came to this country and worked in the coal mine. my father, who served our country in world war ii. we have talked throughout the campaign about my stories and

the stories of our family. after a while, it became less about my stories and more about what -- what kept us going were your stories, the stories of people across america that we had the privilege of getting the chance to know and to interact with. when you travel around -- one such story was a guy named jack who had a pickup truck -- chuck who had a pickup truck, who joined our team. drove around for months in his dodge ram truck because he believed that we had the best opportunity to turn this country around. i met a lot of folks in iowa but i will never forget. -- in iowa that i will never forget. a man of strong convictions welling up with tears, about what is going on with our country, particularly national security.

the constitution is one of the vitally important legs we have forgotten. alike -- people like wendy, our best volunteers. she passed away shortly before the caucus. she is someone i remember, her passion for the least of us. those of us on the margins of society, as many would have looked at her. even today, it is because of our daughter, bella, folks into our rally one after another -- folks came to our rally one after another. children in wheelchairs saying, "i'm for bella's dad." just a beautiful idea of a not-

story, but their stories. -- of not my story, but their stories. told to forget it, we were still winning, touching issues and raising issues -- touching hearts and raising issues that people did not want to have raised. a young man came to our first event in oklahoma. he had spina bifida. he wanted someone who spoke about people who are overlooked by society or do not seem to be as valuable as others in society. folks like the duggars, the duggar family who traveled with us in their bus and gave us their time and energy because

they believe in the importance of having strong families as part of a strong country. we cannot have a strong economy, as you have heard me say over and over, without strong families and a strong moral fiber that makes us the moral enterprise that is america. even on things like a sweater vest -- [laughter] amazing thing, that sweater vest. it happened on a night i was doing in a bent for mike huckabee -- doing an event for mike huckabee. i gave a pretty good speech that night. all of a sudden, the twitterverse went wild, saying "it must be the sweater vest." from then on, the sweater vests became the uniform of the campaign. we sourced it to a company

making them in united states. we went to that little company in minnesota in the middle of winter. it was a beautiful day. we got a chance to see that little plant that had been around for almost 100 years. it turned out where the best customer that the mills there have ever had in their history. it has been a wonderful story after story of people who have come forward. those who put together a song in tulsa called "game on." over 1 million hits on youtube 4 that catchy little tune -- for that catchy little tune. even those who want to make it a winner-take-all primary. it has been inspiring to me, the stories that we have been

engaged with. it turns out that it really was not my voice i was out communicating. it was your voice, the voice that you gave me from the stories and experience i had. people say, how did this happen? how were we able to come from nowhere? it was because i was smart enough to figure out that if i understood and felt at a very deep level what you were experiencing across america and try to be a witness to that, tried to beat an interpreter of that -- be an interpreter of that from your voice be heard and miracles could happen. mircale after -- miracle after miracle happened. i want to thank god and thank you for everything you have given.

a voice to those who, in many cases, are voiceless. have tried to be a witness not just for your stories and your voice, but to provide a positive vision, not an negative campaign. we did hundreds of town hall meetings. we were not trashing anybody. we painted a hopeful and positive vision for our country, one that was based on how we could get this country turned around, not just economically, not just economically, but reflecting the hopes of americans, not just the fears of americans. the hopes of americans confronting the violent, radical islam, the surge of iran, what we could do to take on the problems of a sluggish economy as washington has grown so big.

we put forth a solid and concrete plans, many of which came from the people i had an opportunity to interact with throughout the campaign. we did focus a lot on the families, and the dignity of human life and a moral enterprise that is america. one of my favorite articles was one that joe klein wrote. "rick santorum was inconvenienced -- "rick santorum's inconvenient truths." we talked about how we would build a copy -- a country from the bottom up and we carry around our copy of the constitution. that got the tea party folks excited. we talked about the operator's manual of america being discarded by those in washington. i tried to bring to the battle what abraham lincoln brought to this battlefield back in 1863, november 19.

he talked about this country being conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. he was quoting the declaration of independence. we talked about the declaration as the heart of american exceptionalism. we will never be a country that can go forward as a great and our book country unless we remember who we are -- great and powerful country unless we remember who we are. that is what our campaign was about -- what made as americans, how we built the country from the bottom up, how we could be successful in the future, how we must believe in ourselves and leave in the ability to go forward and do the same thing. against all odds, we won 11 states, millions of voters, millions of votes. more counties than all the other people in this race combined. we spread the message far and wide across the country. what we found is support and a deeper love for this country. every state that i went to -- everyone who follows as around

would hear me say, i love this state. it was a love affair for me, seeing the differences. seeing the wonderful people of this country who care deeply about where this country is going, who care deeply about those who are out there feeling left behind and, in some respects, feeling hopeless. ladies and gentlemen, we made a decision to get into this race and our kitchen table, against all the odds -- at their kitchen table, against all the odds. over the weekend, we made the decision that this presidential race is over for me and we will suspend our campaign effective

today. we are not done fighting. we will continue to fight for those voices. we will continue to fight for the americans who stood up and gave us that air under our wing that allowed us to accomplish things that no political expert would have ever expected. there is a lot of greatness in this country. we needed leaders who believe in that. who are willing to give voice to that. who are willing to raise us up instead of trying to provide for us and do for us what we can better do for ourselves. that is the message that came to me. it is one that i feel very good about continuing to talk to americans about. i walked out after the iowa caucus victory and said game on. i know a lot of folks will now write game over. but this game is a long way from over. we will continue to fight and make sure we defeat president barack obama, that we when the house back, and that we take the united states senate, and

we stand for the values that make us americans, that make us the greatest country in the history of the world, that shining city on the hill, to be a beacon for everybody for freedom around the world. thank you very much. god bless you. [applause] >> thank you, everybody, for coming. appreciate it very much. >> about rick santorum and exit from the presidential race at

the top of the hour. you can watch this and other campaign events of our website. campaign2012.n.org/ >> this year's student cam competition as students around the country what part of the constitution was important to them and white. >> the rights of citizens of the united states to vote shall not be abridged by any state on account of sex. >> generations of courageous women marched, and they were arrested. >> congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. >> [inaudible] they changed america.

>> the 19th amendment to the united states constitution was ratified on august 18, 1920. the constitution allows states to determine the qualifications for voting, and until 1910 most states disenfranchised women. this was a combination of the women suffrage movement. >> i am a citizen of this country and culture, and the only way i participate fully is by voting. i feel it is my right and responsibility to vote. >> susan b. anthony directed the amendment and first introduced it in 1988. it was 14 years later when congress submitted the amendment to the states for ratification. one year later it was ratified by the regulated number of states, with tennessee

ratification being the final vote needed to add the amendment to the constitution. >> the 19th amendment is ratified with the perfect 36 states, which happened to be tennessee. 35 have done it. the arrests had said it would not. tennessee became the first perfect 36. >> 1834 seneca falls convention in new york is traditionally held at the start of the american women's rights movement. sucked rich was not the focus of the convention, however, and the advancement was minimal in the decades preceding the civil war. the women's suffrage movement a cold after the war during the reconstruction era. during this time women's rights leaders focused on the inclusion of universal suffrage up the reconstruction of moments.

despite their efforts, they did nothing to promote women's suffrage. to go for too long women in most countries, like my mother did not have the right to vote where she came from. it is only here. in a democracy like this we have to treat this as a great honor. >> continue settlement with the western frontier and the establishment of a territorial constitution and allow the issue to be raised continually at the state level. existing state legislatures began to debate state suffrage bills. they were unsuccessful. of birds at the national weath level persisted. -- efforts at the national level persisted.

>> the great, courageous americans that fought for our liberties. >> 19th amendment was written by a susan b. anthony. the proposed amendment was first introduced in the u.s. and as anthony amendment. he had frequently attempted to answer women suffrage provisions into all related bills, but did not formally introduce a constitutional amendment until january of 1878. they testified before the senate in support of the amendment. the proposals that in the committee until it was considered by the full senate and rejected and a 16-34 vote in 1887. not until 1914 was the constitutional amendment again considered by the senate, where it was again rejected. >> i think it is very important

that women have this ability to choose what it is they think it is important for themselves. >> another proposal was bought -- brought before the house in january of 1918. president wilson made a strong and widely-published appeal to the house to pass the amendment. it was passed by the required two-thirds of the house, with only one vote to spare. the vote was carried into the senate. wilson again made an appeal, but on september 30, the proposal votes short of passage. >> it took a lot of efforts and civil-rights and women's rights and human rights to bring as to where we are getting today. there was considerable desire

among politicians of both party before the 1920 general elections. the president called a special session of the congress of the proposal would be brought before the house again on may 21, 1918, it passed the house. on june 1st it was brought before the senate. within a few days come illinois, wisconsin come in michigan ratified the amendment. their legislatures being in session. other states followed suit of a regular pace until the amendment have been ratified by 35 of the necessary 36-state legislatures. on august 18, 1920, tennessee narrowly approved the 19th amendment. the 15 of 19 members voting yes. this provided the final ratification necessary to an

academic. when we become a force they see what been in a different way. >> if my entire family did not vote, i would not have the same understanding of the importance of voting as i do now. >> the 19th amendment gave of women the right to vote. it took more than seven decades to achieve it the change they sought. >> go to studentcam.org to view the document trees. continue the conversation on the

facebook and twitter. >> today's conference will focus on the u.s. criminal justice system. that begins live at 9:00 eastern. this afternoon, the head of the major league baseball players association, michael wiener, will be at the national press club talking about collective bargaining. the last year labor deal reached with owners and players. coverage at 1:00 eastern, and also on c-span to. -- 2. >> guest: right luther king is a man of all the people i have met with and talked with and spend time with over the years, the man that, the american individual that i admire most of all of all of them. he is my personal hero. why? because martin luther king put

his money where his mouth was. [applause] >> his career spanned over 60 years. mike wallace died this past weekend at age 93. what any of his almost 50 appearances of the c-span video library, including interviews with the iranian president. >> in a moment, a look at today's news, plus your phone calls come e-mails, and tweets. president obama campaigned in florida yesterday for changes to the u.s. tax code. today, the discussion on the tax system and what changes could mean for the economy and consumers. americans for democratic action host this event live at noon eastern. coming up this hour, we will talk with derek kravitz