differences, and we would not have any creative ways. but think that is a great way for innovation, people to delve into their own careers that they want to go for. >> what was your favorite part about making this video? >> i favorite part -- [laughter] i think my absolute favorite part had to be going around with the camera shooting video footage. it was very funny because we went to shoot everything, i believe, on martin luther king, jr. day back in january. we were running around and got a lot. i really liked that. >> what would you like others to take away after watching your documentary? >> i would like for them to know that you should not take life for granted. you should go out and help the world. you should do what you can do to

make the world a better place because we only have one life and one voice and you really need to live it to the fullest. >> thank you. and regulations on your win. >> thank you. >> here's a portion of talia's video. >> in 1957, rev. -- tried to enroll his daughter in school. it was later integrated and had become john herbert phillips academy, which has a diverse enrollments. the first principle of the school would not be in this position now. >> we try to get these challenges through because of brown vs. board of education -- we also use the freedom of speech. all those things are important

especially because of the history that we have here. the children who are coming along, they are able to have the freedom that many in the people in the past did not have. >> you can watch this video in its entirety as well as all winning entries on our website, studentcam.org. >> the final landing and transfer ceremony of the space shuttle discovery. then imf managing director first in the guard -- christine lagarde. >> on "newsmakers" marking the 100th anniversary of that organization with a discussion about the u.s. economy, employment, taxes and trade and the world of business in the economy. "newsmakers," sunday at 10:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. eastern on c- span.

>> one of the things that i saw was the plaza. the children would come out here and play in the plaza and you could hear their voices. that left a lasting impression when they were silenced. my son, a defendant is in high school, he had just graduated and was working in a social security office. his father was a good friend of mine. when i got home that morning, i had three different messages. first of all, he wanted to know what he could find out about it. the third message was when he just cried. >> watch our local content vehicles next up, exploring the history and literary culture of

oklahoma city. on american history tv on c-span 3. >> nasa space shuttle discovery tickets last flight. the space shuttle landed just a few miles from its new home at the smithsonian institution's center just outside of washington this is how the landing looked. it is about 15 minutes. >> we would like an expeditious a landing is possible due to fuel. >> ok. >> we will be landing full length. >> ok.

we can work pretty much anything out to get him landing. but we will keep him in a pattern and get them in as fast as possible. >> appreciate that, sir. >> 34014. >> thank you.

>> i may be moving you made way to get the t-30 on the way. the fuel is critical, ok? >> we are ready. >> all right.

>> and there is one, the t-38, it will be making a right turn. we will try to get him on the ground on any run way possible. sobe may be passing just barely below you on the east downwind. so you need to stay at 2000, kitt? >> holding a 2000. >> pluto 98, when you do break off, stay below 1500.

we will have been cleared to land on one center as soon as you go. tell me you can break up. >> ok. i just want to let you know. all right. >> he has cleared onto the t-38. >> copy that. >> photo, go ahead and cross for now. then hold to the north of it. >> over. >> char, completely clear. >> holding center.

>> turn left, contact to ground. >> klum 95. >> klum 98, clear to me -- pluto 98, cleared to land.

>> alright, study, i know you hear me at home. >> if you want to head back -- >> i would like to get close to the aircraft and get the pictures and then we will be back to nasa. >> he is just crossing of the their -- crossing up theire.

helicopters flying right now. >> we are aware of them. >> he is the only one. the other one is holding out east with the wide left camera. >> we will just shatter them pierre >> ok, thank you. copy that, you will just shatter the subject aircraft for the rest of its taxi. >> yes, sir. >> go ahead and proceed as requested. >> ok. >> pluto 98, right exit. contact from one 3.251.

>> ok, photo, percy eastbound. -- proceed eastbound.

>> at some ponit, when the shuttle stops, we would like to get in front. >> but me tell them. >> on thursday, discovery was officially transferred to the smithsonian and put on display. we will hear from nasa administrator charles bolden and from senator and nasa astronaut john glenn.

this one-hour event is courtesy of nasa. ♪ ♪ ♪ [applause]

♪ ♪

♪

[applause]

[applause] [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, please welcome our distinguished panel of presenters. [applause] [applause]

>> ladies and gentleme >> ladies and gentlemen, please rise for the presentation of the colors and the singing of our national anthem by ms.

denise graves. ♪ ['it's a grand ol' flag"] ♪ ♪ ['it's a grand ol' flag"] ♪

♪ ♪ oh, say can you see by the dawn's early light what so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? whose broad stripes and bright

sts thru the perilous fight, o'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming? and the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air, gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave

o'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? ♪ [applause] >> tamarine card -- the marine guard color before you is unique wild in on commissioner officer carries e ficial better core of the marine corps. the vans is played with the battle corps commemorate to the mpaigns in which the marines have per dissipated. they sn the entire history of our nation from the revolutionary war to the president, declared with palms,

oakley's, and clusters of stars. they represent the campaign of the united states marines. it is the oldest post of the core to be entrusted with the colors of this battle corps. -- custody of this battle color. ♪

♪ >> ladies and john, please be seated. -- ladies and gentlemen, please be seated. in honor of thisistoric event, we would like to recognize the dedication and patriotism of all branches of our armeservices. once your service song is played, please feel free to stand and be recognized. we are proud to present armed forces salute. here is once again, the commandants alone, the united states mine and drum and bugle corps. ♪

["into the wild blue yonder"]

♪ [applause] ♪

["anchors away"] [applause]

♪ copps [applause] ♪

[applause] ♪ [applause] >> ladies and all men, the commandants of, the united states marine drum and bugle corps. [applause]

>> ladies and gentlemen, pase lcome the director of the smithsonian air and space museum, general jack daley. [applause] >> if your blood is not moving now, let me know and i will send a gurney for you. [laughter] w about another hand for the tremendous performance as we have had here by miss denise graves said, the cover -- the color guard and the drum and bugle corps of the united states [applaus marine corps] good morning -- united states marine corps. [applause] good morning. it is my pleasure to welcome you here. this is the most mispronounced name of any smithsonian facility. we are delighted thave you

here to transfer the space uttle discovery into america's collection of aviation and space treures. it is great to see such a large, enthusiastic crowd. and many of you have been standing for several hours. we realize that and we will keep this program moving. but i hope the memories you take from today will make it worthwhile. the center opened in 2003 in the recognition of the wright brothers a century before. the wright flyer is one of the most iconic aircraft in the museum's collection today. and today, we will welcome another. another treasure, one that recommended -- represents the 30-year history of the shuttle program, that symbol of the trams of human space flight. -- a triumph of human space flight. the represent courage, creativity, skill, and that

unique quality that we all share, the american spirit. for every major mileston in space history, americans have participated in the excitement, pride, and optimism ofhe occasion, and today is no different. since 1960, nasa and the smithsonian have worked together to make space objects accessible to the public. discovery is the latest example of this collaboration. on behalf of the national air d space museum and the american people, grateful to nasa for its continuing generosity. it is ok to apply there, folks. applaud there, folks. [applause] without private support, the museum would not be able to present exhibitions and programs. today's ceremony was made possible through the generous support of the boeing co. and

lockheed martin corp. another opportunity. [applause] to set the stage for the celebration, i would like to introduce a short video produced by nasa. please, turn your attention to the screens for highlights of discovery. ♪ >> the space shuttle discovery, named for past ships of exploration, was delivered from it palmdale california factory to the kennedy space center in 1983. since then, diovery has lived up to the historic legacy of its name it has been up re than any spacecraft. in order, a probe -- it carried laboratories to study with u as, and insurance to study the earth and its atmosphere. it became the first spacecraft

to bring his satellite back to earth. [cheers and applause] but perhaps even more compelling than the discovery is enabled in space, the spirit of this vehicle has help humanity to discover on earth. it's missions include flights that showcase how one time cold war adversaries can become a longtime friends for exploration. it's like have expanded space travel beyond boundaries of age, gender, and race, counting among those who flew on it, the oldest astronaut, the first female shuttle pilot, and a first african-american space walker. [applause] but above all, discovery twice proved that america had the will and determination to persevere and to succeed in the face of devastating grief and tragedy, returning america to space after the challenger and

the columbia accidents. discovery is the most this -- most accomplished space shuttle endeavour, amounting to over 5000 tps around the earth, and more than 300 days inpace. [applause] >> although it is impossible to recognize that thousands of people by name who contributed to discoveries achievements, we are honored to have 15 of the 32 commanders of discovery who are here on stage. we have both of co, whose 1985 mission contributed to two satellites in orbit. jo english, whose crude -- joe engle, whose crew delivered

three satellites -- whose crew deliver three satellites. if you are going to cheer for one of them, you ought to cheer for all of them. mike coast who is now director -- mike caots, who is now director of the johnson space center. [applause] fred gregory. [applause] he commanded eighth classified -- he commanded a classified mission. remember your days in space? >> [unintelligible] [laughter] >> you can tell an astronaut, but you cannot tell him much. [laughter] bob, who served on the discovery mission ken cameron, who deserve doniger that said the atmosphere. -- that studied the atmosphere. i got to get these pages here. that is what moister does for

you on a morning like this. just stand up. frank culbertson. he commanded a mission that it astrophysics research. [applause] charlie moulton, now administrator of nasa, and commanded a mission with a scientific laboratory on board. [applause] stay up. [laughter] curt brown, the only one to man 3 discovery missions, including one to service the hubble space telescope arlie mere court. -- telescope. charlie precourt. dr. horowitz, completed the first docking and crew ehange with the international space station. eileen colli, -- [cheers and applause]

flew twoissions on discovery, first as product, and then return commander to the space station. [applause] [applause] steve]. -- steve lyndsey. [applause] he commanded two missions from the space station and brought it home for its final unassisted light. get it? [laughter] will work on that one. c j sterko. [applause] to theivered equipment o space station. alan poindexter -- [applause] became the largest contingent in spa ever at one time, 13 people. and also with us, 13 more shuttle astronts. and welcome pilots bill reedy -- [applause] -- don williams --

[applause] -- joe allen -- [applause] -- chris ferguson -- a [applause] -- tom jones [applause] -- ] -- [applause] tom jones -- [applause] can writer. -- ken ritenour. [applause] steve robinson [applause] casey tornapplause] -- casey thornton. [applause] and last but not least, payload specialist, john glenn.

[applaus this is one of the greatest gatherings of astronauts probably in the history of nasa. [applause] the things we have to do to become an astronaut are incredible. but when you are commander, you are the top of the bunch. this is only a handful of the incredible people at nasa. they are risking their lives every day in space and developing new capabilities to get there. you will not see this again either.

2012 is the 100 anniversary of the marine corps aviation. and we will celebrate this the entire year, and you will see to read of it as a evidence by the new zocor -- the drum and bugle corps. you will see more of it right now. he was a distinguished aviator preserved in the record 35 years and it -- in the marine corps 35 years. it is my pleasure to introduce major general usns he retired, charlie bolden. -- retired united states marine corps, charlie bolden. [applause] >> thank you very mu. to my mazing colleagues who fl this incredible machine and the entire shuttle fleet, thank

you very much for what you've given to my country. there is a group to my left and to my right. you see those? they wear those iridescent green safety jackets and stuff. they are part of the incredible career of people who make i possible for us to do what we do. they represent the united states alliance, boeing, lockheed, you name it. it is the entire nasa family. please, give them a hand. [applause] and i will tell you, if you want to meet some incredible

people and shake their hands and get some stories about where the skeletons are hidden, you can talk to the crowd. [laughter] it is my pleasure to be here to welcome discovery to her new home and opened this chapter of her historically. i welcome all of you to share in the accomplishmentsf discovery and a fleet of which she is a part as we look forward to the future which she has led us. it drew this nation together in times of tragedy and triumph. we are now happy to share this legacy with millions of visitors in this fantastic venue. alongside this historic air and space craft that has changed our world and turned science fiction into science fact, and how does realize what seemed to many to be impossible dreams. we have been able to travel $148,000,221.600 75 miles. miles.5

i was privileged to board discovery twice, first as the hubble mission in 1990, finally as commander when we flew for the first me with their russian crew member in 1994. discovery also was of the mir space station torrez, conducting the -- twice, conducting service missions to the hubble and to the international space station. and speang of the international space station, when the coastguard saw was played got -- kasab was played, -- song was played, a coast guard member was wit us in spirit. dan was with us in spirit. [applause] i also want to looforward to what she and the shuttle fleet have helped to make possible.

the we are embked on an expired -- exciting new space exploration journey. and we are relying on american ingenuity and know how. nassau is partnering with private industry to provide crew and cargo to the international space station, while developing the most powerful rocket ever built, to take the nation are the never before into the solar system politil -- the source system. the shuttle fleet was amazing and we have learned what we will apply to the next generation of space transportation systems. even now, the shuttles have been at transferred to the space center for early testing of the heavy launch vehicle that will take us further into space than ever before, to an asteroid and on to mars. the shuttle and space that we had in order was something we could accomplish it regularly, although i will not say

routely, because every time a human set off for space and leave for the planet, i know we describe it as white, but you will notice it is start a little bit. -- charred a little bit. try going through three dawson degrees and see if you do not get a little charge. -- 3000 degrees and see if you do not get a little charred. ultimately, they helped us construct the international space station, where astronauts have liv and worked continuously for more than a 11 years now, helping with experiments that help to further destinations. that unique laboratory will be our stepping stone to the rest of the solar system. as nasa retires the shuttle fleet, we are transitioning to a new era of exploration. with technology at the forefront to help us to reach higher and leave future generations with greater capabilities. today, we turn discovery over

to the smithsonian with great expectation that as we have always done, nasa will continue to inspire young people today and tomorrow to dream of space, to dream of on covering the secrets of the universe, and take steps to pursue their careers that will make them the exploration leaders of tomorrow. the hope we leave you with today is that this magnificent flying machine that carried more people into space than any vehicle ever before will be a testament, not only to overcoming the human and technological obstacles of the day, but a tangible example that our dreams of exploration, of reaching our higher potential are always within reach if we stretch for them. to the smithsonian institution and the national air and space museum, i know you will take care of discovery as you have the many, fax -- space tifacts that you're taking

care for more than a decade now. -- more than five decades now. i know that sunday, my grandchildren will be able to stand in awe of this great white bird that our innovation is continuing to pursue. to innovate and create the on the next horizon. now we have another speaker will talk a little bit more about the incredible life of discovery. >> the space shuttle began in august of '94 through its final flight in march 2011, during which it delivered the permanent multi-purpose module to the international space station. discovery launched a year in space during 39 flights over 27 years of service and travel

more than 148 million miles during 5 miles -- 5038 orbits of earth. all told, the space shuttle's lost half billion miles in space over 30 years of space flight and 135 missions and conducted scientific research. >> those machines include the delivery of interplanary probes that deployed the servicing of the hubble space telescope. we remember discovery fondly and wish her well at her new home at the center in virginia. [applause]

>> overseeing the museum with its 19 research centers and its global duties is a big job. especially with the 37 million objects in the collection. nasa is not the only whone who can use numbers. but when it comes todding that to the national collection, the secretary is an enthusiastic supporter. it is my pleasure to introduce the secretary of the smithsonian institution, dr. wayne kollhoff. [applause] >> thank you. it is a pleasure to be here. i have one of the best jobs in the world. i even have a general that reports to me. notice he did not show up when he introduced me. [laughter] -- choked up when he introduced me.

we are so proud of jack and his staff. and let's give them a big hand. [applause] we value charlie and our great partnership. i am proud to be here with our fellow region's chair and the members of the board. i would like to ask the members of the board of regents to stand up. [applause] of course, it is always an honor to see our friend, senator john glenn, who is certainly a supporter of the smithsonian and a legendary pioneer of space travel. discovery is just one of the latest artifacts on display here. senator -- you can see the

fiberglass from the mercury program, or the drug store mera he bought and modified to take on this historic flight. now, this magnificent engineering marvel, discovery, which will be a centerpiece here at the center. f. scott fitzgerald famously noted there are no second acts in american lives. senator glenn dispel that notion when he reprise his after not role on this very shuttle at the age of 77. now, discovery begins its own second act as an engine of imagination, education, and inspiration. as secretary of transportation ray lahood said tuesday when it landed, that was a wow moment in american history as people stood and cheered as a discovery made

its final flight. in 2009, i had the pleasure of introducing center glen at the john h. quinn electors. or commemorating the 40 it -- 40th anniversary of thapollo program. he said something that struck me. in 1969, people all over the world said we landed on the moon. that united all cultures on our planet. many, if not most of us, have some personal connection to the shuttle program and the discovery. we had an employee for 30 years who worked on the shuttle program from its inception. as president of georgia tech, i was touched when we were presented flags from space in our archives. two were from the discovery. [applause]

discovery and all of the space bridging were good at cultures. the astronauts represented a full spectrum of our diverse society and work alongside counterparts from europe, japan, and canada on the international space station. no matter where you are from, with hard work and dedication, by learning math, science, and engineering, you might travel to the stars. as discovery embarks on its new mission, it will continue to teach that lesson. although millions of people will have a chance to see it in person, we can reach many more worldwide. all this week, people are sharing their discovery photos, comments, and memories. on tuesday, we will use something called instagram.

results in 24 hours or remarkable. 10 million people talking about the landing of the discovery. amazing. that has helped us and nasa bring our science and educational program to the people of the world. we are especially excited about discovery's potentialo help reach students and inspire young people everywhere. young people in the audience today, we are glad you are with us today. you will grow to be the next engineers and scientists. our scientists today represent the best. maybe one of our young visitors will even be the first after not to set foot on a distant planet in the distant universe. discovery is not just a reminder of human ingenuity -- it is a challenge to keep the wizard in

-- exploration is the essence of the american spirit. let discovery rekindle that spirit so we remember what we did before and we can do again. thank you. [applause] >> our next speaker is himself an american icon. at 90-years of age, he has served our country in many capacities and has contributed to the space program in many ways. in november, he received the highest civilian award from congress -- the congressional gold medal are his pioneering space exploration. it is my privilege to introduce someone who made his historic first flight

please welcome senator john glenn. >> thank you. thank you very much. perhaps this started with a pioneer sippers landed on this neland that americans have always had a curious nature that has served us well. what is over the next hill? what is around the next bend? if we could just learn how to separate out of this chemical, it could use it to do whatever? explore they did. it paid out beyond their wildest dreams.

they sent out scouts followed by wagon trains over insurmountable obstacles of forests, mountains, rivers, does it. sometimes there were -- deserts. sometimes there were losses but they moved on. a good trip was about 10 miles as they made the six month journey to oregon or california. discovery in the tvel that 10 miles in just two seconds. albeit at a little higher altitude. new science breakthroughs were changing our nation. railroad replaced wagon trains. gasoline engines brought on tomobiles. 23 years after the last wagon train, the wright brhers flew a hawk in 1993. for tens of thousands of years, people looked up at the blue sky

by day and the stars and moon by night. they wondered what was up there. could we ever go otheir? where to go if we could go up their attacks there seem to be insurmountable odds against that ever happening. we must count ourselves among the most fortunate people of all time when we could realize that ages old dream can finely go. mercury and gemini i developed our abilities followed by apollo and neil armstrong's never to be forgotten first footprint on someplace other

than the earth. we transition from apollo to a new vehicle, the space shuttle but was intended to broaden opportunities for orbital activities. it certainly did. itis the star. it has the most extensive record of all the fleet. the missions included a wild bunch of things. it bame a science platform for nine flight, a telescope repair station. this has literally wrien the astronomy books for all time. it is a flat out truck. it was the first space station delivery truck, at 13 flight it made to put together the space station that goes over us even today. discovery westerly a heavy haller any space station. that station is now doing continuing research with 15

international partners for us and the most unique scientific laboratory ever conceived. the unfortunate decision made a 0.5 years ago to terminate the fleet prematurely grounded our discovery. we recovered and now we moven with new programs and possibilities unlimited. today we alshonor those who may discover possible. the work force kept if flightworthy. they were represented here today by 15 former flight

commanders. today they take on a new mission. it is important. it will be on display not only as a testament to the events of our time, but also as an inspiration to future generations. adobe symbol for our nation a space flight and hope unchallenged and leadership and aspiration to explore and to excel. that is a big mission. we recently celebrated its 50th anniversary of our first orbital flight in a speech to congress. i closed with a statement that i would repeat today. as our knowledge of the universe in which we live increases, may god grant as the wisdom and guidance to use it wisely. thank you. [alause]

>> thank you. an internationally known physicist, our next speaker is also helping to shape e future of the smithsonian. it is an honor to introduce the chair of board of regents, dr. france cordiva. >> thank you. i would likeo add my welcome to senator glenn. our colleagues from nasa and all our guests here today thank you for your support at the smithsonian.

it is your support of our american values of freedom and exploration and discovery. i would like to congratulate the staff of t national air and space museum. i do not know about you, but i will never forget those two big birds touching each other like that. wasn't that extraordinary? i am particularly pleased to be here today not only in my capacity as chair of the board of regents but also as the former chief scientist for nasa. and as president of perdue university where one of our goals is launching tomorrow's leaders.

at perdue, we have had 22 of our alumni go into space including the first and last astronauts on the moon. following senator glenn's remarks, hundreds of engineers and scientists who have helped ensure that the shuttle program makes a tremendous impact for us all. since before senator glenn first orbited the earth in 1962, at nasa and the smithsonian have recognized the need to preserve and make it accessible artifacts that can best tell the story of american in space.

as a result, millions of americans annually visit the national air and space museum including this, the hockey center. there are thousands of historic objects that have interested. some of these are iconic. but there is maybe less so. parachutes, engine parts. all of them help us understand the unique flight that the space program holds in our imagination. before discovery can officially joined them and the national collection, we have a little bit of paper work to complete. the agreement transferring discovery from nasa to the smithsonian.

i will now like to ask the general bouldin and general dailey as representives to step forward. senator glenn, would you please join them as the witness? >> i am a witness. [laughter] [applause]

>> no. sure they don't screw it up. >> keep an eye on them. it is done. >> the space shuttle discovery is not officially part of the national collection. quite the pc presiding. we can learn a lesson. can you notice how the suspect of these guys are? -- how disrespectful of these guys are? or let them aw