role of the natural guard service men. "washington journal" is next. host: the current occupant of the oval office and a man wanting to replace him have interesting things to say about the jobs numbers. we will hear from president obama and romney in a few seconds. first, we want to hear from you. good morning. welcome to this edition of the." "washington journal this saturday, august 4. for the first 45 minutes, we want to know about your current job status. please pay attention. if you have found a job in the last six months, give us a call at 202-737-0001.

if you have found a job in the last six months. if you lost a job in the last six months, 202-737-0002. if you feel that you or underemployed at this time, 202- 628-0205. for all others,202-628-0184. we will keep them on the screen for a while so you can find your category and give us a call and get involved in the conversation, letting us know what is your particular situation. this is the lead story in most of this morning's papers. here is the way it is being reported in "the new york times."

host: the article goes on to say that the u.s. markets closed down --

host: let us know what your current job situation is. our first call comes from new orleans. you just found a job in the last six months. caller: i did. i found a job. host: what kind of work did you find? caller: i am a certified nurse's assistant. host: long have you been out of work? host: one year. -- caller: one year. host: tell us about the process you have to go through to find this job. caller: oh, my god. a whole bunch of applications. online applications. interviews. letters in the mail.

in the rain. going to different job sites. nothing would go through. host: all right. our next call comes from hyattsville, maryland. you say you or underemployed. caller: correct. host: what kind of a job do you have? working as a security guard. host: before that, what was your job? caller: i have been trying to find a job. host: what kind are you looking for? caller: i am qualified to the manager. host: what is preventing you from getting that job? caller: the job market is bad

because politicians are not creating policies for the economy. host: airplane games for the, -- playing games with the economy? caller: they will not compromise. they forget -- if you look back at history, compromise is important. everybody is holding their ground. host: sorry to cut you off. i thought you were done. in the "washington post" massive loss of jobs relative to the monthly gains is a concern.

host: the president was speaking yesterday and reacted to the latest july jobless numbers. he tied future job cuts to middle-class tax cuts. [video clip] >> smarting we learn that our businesses created 172,000 new jets in the month of july. we have now created 4.5 million new troubles over the last 29 months. 1.1 million jobs over the this year. when i started in this job, we knew that this would take some time. we have not had to come back from an economic crisis this people or painful since the 1930's. we also knew that if we were persistent and kept at it and

kept working, we would gradually get to where we need to be. here is the thing -- we are not going to get their if we go back to policies that helped create this mess in the first place. the last thing that we should be doing is asking middle-class families who are still struggling to recover from this recession to pay more in taxes. host: was the president yesterday after the release of the jobless numbers. our next call comes from crystal lake, and illinois. you just lost a job. what did you think about what the president had to say about tax cuts? hello? caller: jim. host: i am sorry. go ahead.

you say you lost a job within the last six months? caller: it was a year ago. host: you are unemployed? caller: can't find nothing. i was a transportation analyst. i am looking to get back into that field. no one will hire you, especially when you are in your upper 50's. host: you think is your age or your job skills that are keeping you from finding another job? caller: age, mainly, because there are jobs in this field, but nobody will touch you when you world. host: the president said that future job growth would be tied to middle-class tax cut. what did you think about that? caller: i am not sure i understand. host: the president is saying

that if the middle class has more money, they will be buying more goods a and using more services and that will turn into -- caller: the have outsourced everything and sold all of our companies overseas. that is why it is like it is. host: we are moving on to karle in chicago. he just sat job. talk to us. caller: i son graduated college and he got a job. the president is not really getting credit for the stimulus which actually stabilize our economy. because it is stable, american ,usiness, unlike in the 1980's

are open. what we have been in recovery, they have been making a lot of profit. the people who -- investors have been making profits. the stock market has recovered. what we have happening is if you ask people who are working, they will tell you they are working harder than what they were into dozens 7. -- 2007. he had a lot of businesses making money and working harder, but just to not hire because you have republicans out here telling them, we are going to make it better for you. we are going to do something for you. we will lower your taxes. we will get rid of regulations. whether they do it for the american people -- we stabilized the economy with our tax dollars

and that made it possible for them to be making profits now. >> that was -- host: that was carl. we want to remind you of the breakdown of the numbers. 202-737-0001, for those who have found a job in the last six months. 202-737-0002, for those who lost a job in the last six months. 202-628-0205, if you feel like you are underemployed. 202-628-0184, for all others. get in touch the thespius social media on twitter -- @cspanwj. the conversation is always going on on facebook.com/cspan or send us an e-mail journal@c- span.org. our next call is from scott. tell us what your job situation is. caller: i have been out of work

for three years. one reason is because of the economy and i got injured. host: what were you doing before you lost your job? caller: i worked in the beverage industry. i do not want to say any names. the beverage industry. in the past, i found i left a job or i had to get a new job for what ever reason, and it took me a little while. i got unemployment. i have never been at this . that . in a lot of people have never been at this point, either. once you have done unemployment and you have exhausted all of your unemployment, you are removed from the list of looking for work. for most people, that is not

true. times will just be harder. it is just that the people that do not have any more unemployment, there statistic is taken out of the system. you do not see them. i think those numbers are throwing off with the reality is on how many jobs there are. these people who have exhausted their benefits are not looking for work anymore -- they are taken out of the statistics. if you add those that are still looking for work, the numbers would be much higher. i am not blaming any presidents, but they are higher than what they are and i think the numbers -- it will be rough for a while longer. host: will leave it there.

that was cut from florida. more from an article in "the washington post." [video clip] >> we continue to have 23 million americans out of work or or underemployed. you will see job numbers that bounce around month to month, but there is no question we have 42 straight months with unemployment above 8%. this is the president's administration who said if they got their way on stimulus, they would hold unemployment below 8%. they have not been below 8% cent. with this number of middle-class

families struggling, it is clear the president's policies have not worked the way he said they would. his team said we would have unemployment at 5.5%. it is still above 8%. i think it is an extraordinary failure of policy and leadership and i think it is a moral failure for a country as prosperous as our own to go four years in a mode which feels too many people like a recession. there are some less said it is a depression. that is an appropriate sentiment. host: back to the phones. james is on our line for the folks who are underemployed. what do you do and what for you doing before? caller: i used to work for the veterans administration several years. my dad was a disabled vietnam veteran. unfortunately, he died and they did not take care of him. i decided to go back to school

at portland state university to get a master's in social work. in the process, i started growing medical marijuana in oregon. it is an interesting source of income. i did want to say good morning, america. thank you for watching. i have been on your show a couple times. host: talk to me about your current situation. are you still a purveyor of of medical marijuana? caller: i am. i want started one of the first in portland. on our linealled in for o for people or underemployed. is the economy not supporting medical marijuana? caller: right now, i am a professional student. there are not a lot of jobs out there. what jobs are there are menial jobs.

you never get the hundred thousand dollars jobs. you get the $20,000 jobs. host: we have a couple of comments on facebook. this one is from richard -- host: those are some comments we have gotten on facebook. next up, new york, michelle just found a job. caller: hello. how are you? host: what kind of a job did you find?

caller: a legal secretarial position. host: how long were you out of work? caller: i was laid off from a position must of member and i just found a new position starting this monday. host: how do you feel the economy is going in terms of supporting workers like legal secretaries? caller: this world is coming back, but we lost over 14,000 jobs at the beginning of the recession. it was unprecedented to lose so many positions. the legal world was affected just like other industries in the recession. it has been very, very tough and i am just fortunate i was able to find something in my profession and not have to go outside of it like so many other people. host: do you feel confident you

can stay here for a while? caller: yes. it is a small law firm. they seem to be pretty stable. i am confident i will be able to stay there for a long time or maybe even retire if i am lucky. the only drawback is that i am not getting the salary that i made previously. that is a huge problem because so many people -- underemployment is a problem. people are not making their salaries. these companies are low balling their offers. they're taking advantage and not paying us what we are worth. they are not paid -- paying people who are experienced. host: in the paycheck before end of the paycheck now -- caller: $10,000 difference. host: that was michelle in new

york. we have a tweet -- host: back to the phones. nashua, tennessee. daniel lost a job. caller: good morning. thank you for taking my call. host: what is the biggest contributor to your situation? caller: i work in the labor field. construction. one thing i wonder is if we are taking into account -- host: are you still with us? to newoing to move on york city calling on our line for others. go ahead. caller: i am talking about the minimum wages. host: what is your job situation?

you are a home health it work? caller: they're not paying me more than $8 an hour. it is not fair. host: are you could your bidding to or are you the breadwinner in your family? caller: yes, sir. host: how many people are you supporting? caller: two. i cannot hardly make it. host: do you have to do anything to supplement? caller: no. host: just went up? caller: only one. we need more money. at least $10 an hour for minimum wage. $7.50 is not fair for us. host: would you have an easier

time because the cost of living is high in new york city -- would you have an easier time existing with the same job somewhere else? caller: i do not know because i'm not living somewhere else. host: all right. let us move on to florida. helen lost a job in the last six months. what were you doing before? caller: i was working as a cashier in a convenience store. host: was a the economy? caller: unfortunately not. there was an incident where i worked. host: you want to tell us? caller: it was a robbery. host: okay. you have been out of work for six months. what are your job prospects? caller: i was offered four jobs recently after i was

hospitalized for a heart attack, which really surprised me. host: most heart attacks do. caller: i was very impressed when i went to the hospital and i had minor surgery. you have to sort of regroup when that happens. host: what was your health insurance situation? did it cover your costs? caller: yes. i had very good health insurance. being disabled, i have medicare and i have medicaid, which means i only have to pay 20% outpatient. host: do you believe you will be employed within the next six months? caller: where i live, i do not believe i will be employed. i am hoping i can be employed within the next year. i know that being disabled for

the rest of my life is not something i need to be -- i hope i am not disabled for the rest of my life. host: all right. that is helen in florida. more from our facebook page -- facebook.com/cspan.

host: our next call regarding our topic for the morning, what is your job situation? the next call comes from silver spring, maryland. she says she is underemployed. go ahead. caller: i am a first-time caller, even though i have been listening for 10 years. host: what is your job situation? caller: right now, i am an instructor for montgomery county parks and planning. i am only working a few hours a week. i am underemployed.

before that, i worked as a data analyst for the fda. about five years ago, i became partially disabled with arthritis. i have been working for the last five years. it has been a struggle because i am over 50. i have been working with the senior employment agencies and i was able to get something two years ago. that was with the national career center and i work at the eta. that ended last year. i found work with the county as an instructor and that is what i am doing. you only can get so many hours a week. host: the do you think even if the economy starts to turn around and more people get higher, and the unemployment rate goes under 8%, that people 50 and older will be the last people to get back into the job

market? caller: yes. unfortunately, i do. even when they do get back in, they will have to get in through senior employment agencies to find work because they will not be able to hand their resùme a in and find a job, even though they are experienced. host: kurt is in new york. he just found a job. you are on the "washington journal." caller: i recently got a job that pays me half of what i was making before after having been unemployed for two years. host: what kind of work were you doing before and what are you doing now? caller: i was a research scientist with the veterans administration. my grant finished up and i lost my position and looked around

and put out resùme nagus weekly weekly and i was told i was underqualified. i am approaching 50. i finally managed to get a job at a wonderful social service agency, a position requiring an associate's degree. i work with a great group of people. we helped disabled people. i am delighted to do this. however, the thing that really concerns me is that this trend has been going on in this country for the past 40 years where -- it accelerated under the bush administration, where we gave tax breaks to the job creators. they owe us. [laughter] host: are right. we will leave it there.

we will move onto charleston, south carolina. talk to us about your situation. caller: right now, i have been making lots of calls. host: what were you doing before you lost your job? caller: i was working as a welder. i was doing construction work. the company just had a slow down and that became a completely off. right now, i am starting to receive calls back from different companies. i have not gotten a job offer yet, but at least i am getting calls back. host: as a welder, it sounds like you want to stay in welding? caller: after being out of a

job for five or six months, right now i am at my tipping point. i am just looking for a job. host: are you looking strictly in the charleston area or would you be willing to take your welding skills to other parts of the country? caller: right now, we are settled. me, my wife, and kids. we just got a house. right now, for me, it would be near impossible just to uproot. fortunately, my wife works here. host: what does she do? caller: she works for one of the hospitals' inpatient accounting. host: we are going to let you go. good luck with your help others. the lead story in "the washington post" --

host: next up is florida. julie is on our line for others. you have taken a pay cut? is that in order to keep the current job you have? caller: i actually have stayed employed, but i have taken three pay cut since january. it has been rough. i have actually taken a second job. host: what kind of a job you have? caller: i do marketing for a

large insurance firm. host: did the insurance company come to you and say either take this job cut or your job goes away? or did you say, you are not going to offer it to -- caller: i did not offer the pay cut. there are so many people looking for work that i can walk or work for this. if i stay, i have to accept a pay cut. host: you said you have a second job? caller: i am doing telemarketing for a financial advisor reaffirm. host: do not call us during dinner kamahl k? [laughter] caller: we are not calling your home. host: we will move on to birmingham, alabama. caller: good morning.

i was laid off back in 2004. i was a data worker and a data processor. i was laid off. i went back to school and finish my education. i got a degree as an air- conditioning mechanic and i started my own business. i worked real good up until 2008 and that my business just took a belly flop. host: what was it that cluster business to go south? caller: everybody was short of cash. i could not get anybody to buy any equipment and everybody wanted me to just repair their equipment. nobody had any money. the businesses are around and

just started shutting up. it was a domino effect. seemed like everybody was laying off. host: the president says that tax cuts for the middle class will get more people employed. do you go along with that? would a tax cut for the middle class mean that more people have income to pay for your services? >> that means they will have more money to spend, but they will have to get the money from the rich. host: are right. we have an e-mail from karle. host: that is from journal@c- span.org. the next call is from debra who just found a job.

tell us about it. caller: good morning. i wanted to say my husband had lost his job in manufacturing. he was an operations director. he lost the job in 2010. it took over 1000 applications for jobs. he landed 1 two months ago 800 miles away in minnesota. we were very happy for that, but it took over 1000. host: all right. on the front page of "the wall street journal" --

host: back to the phones. california. steve just lost a job. you are on. caller: yes. i would just like to say that i lost my house. me and my wife lost our house during the foreclosure thing. i am in the process of getting evicted from my house now because i cannot help my wife pay the rent and the bills. she currently owes the irs $900 because she makes too much money, but she is supporting me, my daughter, and my family. that is not right. host: what kind of a judge did you have? caller: i was a traffic

controller for six years. working on the freeway. host: what are your prospects? caller: i have been putting applications in and going to interviews. nothing. the republicans and democrats do not care about the middle class. what are you going to do to help me? host: we will livid -- we will leave it there. we have a tweet --

host: back to the phones. baltimore, maryland. pamela is employed. what is your situation? caller: hello. i am working, but i have to take furloughs. i have to lose some vacation days.

i took a salary reduction for a year. things are moving along better now. everyone where i work is working. >host: what kind of work do you do? caller: i work for facilities manon -- facilities management for the state of maryland. host: do you feel like your job situation is more stable because you work for the government? caller: yes. the organization is run very, very well. i am grateful for that. we do have very good management. we have had to suffer, as well. these people that talk about people who have benefits that they do not deserve, they are working hard. they are part of a an organization that looks after their people and unions have

taken such a hit over the last few years. it is appalling, the lack of support that is out there by the american people. i think the most insidious aspect of this whole appalling situation is that business has profited so much over these last few years and it is like a dirty little secret. we are here suffering. i hear people describing their situations. they are articulating -- the articulate and educated. i believe business needs to step it up and come to the rescue and start hiring people. host: pamela in baltimore. a couple of items in the news this morning outside the scope of our discussion regarding your situation with employment.

host: also in the news from "the wall street journal" --

host: back to the phones. detroit, michigan. vincent is underemployed. go ahead. caller: good morning. how are you doing? host: what kind of work do you do? caller: i have been unemployed. i was working in retail for four years. i could see the hand written on the wall. eventually, they'll let me go because there was not work to be done. i was working at a hospital for 15 years. the hospital closed. rising.ead keeps as i became underemployed, the debt just keeps up. it is hard out there for somebody that is 50-year-old and trying to find a job.

host: then sit in detroit. some other items in the news -- host: also come in the news this morning from the politics and nation section of "the washington post" --

host: back to the phones. start lake city, utah. barry found a job. -- solly city, utah. . on the job. how long did it take you? -- caller: it did not take long at all. i am working for a security contractor. i wanted to make the people know that there is work in salt lake city. at my job, the people that are hiring broken branch and said we are hiring to anybody who wants to help lynch black people -- host: we will leave it there and move on to new jersey. frank lost his job. your aunt. caller: thank you -- you are on. caller: thank you . at one to

comment on the trend i see taking place. there is something mitt romney is bragging about. my company hired people at $13 an hour to start. they just laid off a bunch of people and are now rehiring people at $8 an hour. these are the jobs mitt romney is bragging about that he will create. $8 an hour. nobody can eat or pay rent on this kind of pay. host: that was frank in new jersey. finally, we have a tweet -- host: thank you to everyone who participated in this segment. coming up, we will discuss the millennial vote in 2012 with paul conaway of generation

opportunity. later, a discussion on the jobs numbers that came out yesterday with lorraine woellert. we want to let you know about it week-long "book tv" program that features the history and literary culture of louisville, ky. a special block on louisville, ky will air at noon on c-span2 and the video segments can be found at c-span.org/ localcontent. we will be right back. >> it was a struggle. this was really tough because books are not food. everybody eats, but buying books in a bookstore was a really small percentage of the population. it was kind of a struggle.

that is true of every small business. you know, you kind of -- it takes a little bit of time to build up customers in to make somebody happy one time and then they come back. you make them happy again and then they tell friends. it takes awhile to build a small business. a lot of the stores that i have seen fail our stores that were opened by people interested in having a business, not that they had an attachment to books or a love of books. they were business people. they saw an opportunity in books to have a business. i think you really have to have a kind of a gut the attachment to books to care enough about them because your customers are like that. they come because they really care about books.

you have to have that kind of same wavelength to be successful. to hand somebody book and say, i love this book. and have them come back to you and say, i am so happy you sold me that book because i loved it, too. you really have to care about them. it is not but take the chips or bread or a product. -- is not potato chips or bread or a product. you feel like you were doing something important. >> "washington journal" continues. host: paul connelly is the president of generation opportunity and will talk about the -- paul conaway is the president of generation opportunity. caller: we are based in -- guest: we are a nonprofit group reaching out to 18 to 29-year- ago. we have hundreds of thousands we have talked in person.

host: your operation is basically charged with getting these folks out to vote and getting them fired up. how is it different than the dnc and rnc? guest: our commitment is to long-term education. we cannot publicly last june. you have groups that are partisan and our political and reach out to political bases. they do pretty good jobs. we are focused on key principles. greater economic opportunity. the advancement in defense of individual freedom. we sweep up a lot of peoples, peoples, democrats, and republicans. host: what is a millennial voter? guest: they are generally considered to be 18 to 29.

they are young adults who are getting into the electric or folks who have been there for a little bit. college-educated and young professionals. for 2012, these are the folks that were very active in 2008 for president obama. host: we have been talking about the unemployment numbers and asking the callers to talk about their situations. in terms of millennial unemployment, we have some numbers from the department of labour. the national unemployment rate was 8.3% for the colonials -- was 8.3%. for the mall and heels, it was 12.7%. what effect will this have in november? guest: it has substantial impact. the real thing that is going on is in the 12.7% figure, you have 1.7 million young americans who are no longer counted by

the bureau of labor statistics. if you took that number and folded it in, you would have a rate of 16.7 million. when you take that and you ask one person on the ground in iowa or ohio or florida, what does this mean? they know somebody or are experiencing it themselves. when you have a national issue that is taking focus to the individual level, that starkly, it will be predominate issue in the election. host: we are talking about the millennial vote with paul conaway, the president of generation opportunity. get involved. the numbers are on the screen. 202-737-0001 for republicans. -- for democrats. 202-737-0002 for republicans. 202-628-0205 for independencts. if you are between 18 and 29,

202-628-0184. continuing on regarding the discussion on the millennials in the unemployment situation, in what you are dealing with, do you find that these folks who came out in large numbers for president obama when he was the candidate in 2008 feel disappointed by the fact that so many of their rank-and-file are unemployed in 2012? guest: there is a tremendous amount of frustration. in 2008, the turnout was 66%. part of that is a tribute to their campaign. they've reached out in and they built a great deal of expectation about hope and change. the reality is many of them are frustrated and only 31% believe

president obama has done a good job on youth unemployment. 77% of them have actually made a major life decision or delayed one because of the economy. this includes getting married, having kids. or the fundamental things that young workers often do, which is which cities to get new skills or new opportunities. they're not doing that because there is no confidence. host: you bring up the major life changes that have been delayed. we have some numbers from the polling company. you mentioned buying a home. 44% of the folks that were polled say they have delayed buying a home. 28% say they are delaying saving for retirement. says paying ofn student loan or other debt. changing jobs, 26%.

starting a family, 23 percent and you're getting married, 18%. this unemployment is having a significant effect on these folks. guest: absolutely. when you look at this, to understand the impact, it is based on individual spirit it is an impact at a local level. it impacts a huge number of industries. housing. consumer goods. the basics of life that young people often go through are being impacted. this is one of the things that when we look at that number, we try to think of it in terms of individuals and make certain that we are connecting. we encourage people to talk about their personal situations. host: paul conaway certification four u.s. presidents, three governors, and is a veteran of more than 100 political campaigns. our first call comes from houston, texas. mark is 29. you are on. caller: hello.

thank you for having me. host: what is your situation? caller: i was speaking on the numbers, the unemployment numbers. -- host: will ask him. it sounded like he was -- i cannot really say. is this something that will be a long-term concern for the millennials? guest: i think so. in order to get out of this slump, you need job creation levels at 350,000 per month. when you look at that number of 12.7%, that issue will be generational. no doubt about it. in terms of entry level job skills and being able to accumulate wealth, this will be a major issue for many years. host: next up is gail calling from albuquerque, new mexico. you are on.

caller: good morning. i wanted to talk about during 2009, we voted president obama into the white house. it seems like the young people kind of gave up and did not help him out by keeping congress democrat. we would have been out of this recession right now and growing at a faster rate if we had not have sat down. the president is trying to do this all by himself. we are trying to blame him for something. it host: before you hang up, you said we young people. how old are you? caller: i am 25. guest: regardless of what your political party is, we strongly believe that people must stay involved in the process. if you were active for president obama and you feel strongly, you

have a duty and loyalty to stay involved. however, if you feel that he has not represented your concerns, you also have an obligation to articulate those. our friend is a democrat. he self identified dead. in terms of blaming yourself, you have to stay involved in the process. we are seeing a lot of folks who originally said the, we will support you and we are active for president obama. they changed their minds. there are changes occurring. host: our line for independent. go ahead. caller: i had heard that the unemployment rate for recent college graduates was somewhere around 50% and that is why it was affecting their decisions on what they were doing and a high percentage of recent graduates were having to go back home and

not be able to branch out on their own? have you had any research on that? guest: we do. there is a study that came out from rutgers that spoke to this issue. what it indicated was that for college graduates in america, the unemployment rate and underemployment rate is 50%. for the country, the question is -- if you have folks who actually have taken on debt and student loans and have saw to better themselves through college and only 50% are actively engaged in the workforce and the rest are underemployed or unemployed, what do you have to say? we do not think that is a good thing. not for the individuals or states that are depending on bride-to stay in them. it is not good for the country, long term. many folks are going home without jobs. they're staying with their parents and trying to pay their loans. that is why we firmly believe

things need to change. host: we have a tweet -- guest: that person is correct. you are able to see some candidates have emerged very strongly. ron paul has a strong following. you have to be careful how you define libertarian because a lot of times, we are talking about a great deal of frustration at bel federal government. people are frustrated with political parties. people feel like they are contributing to the debt. people are absolutely correct about that, to some extent. libertarian as some is -- libertarianism is very strong. in addition to ron paul getting enthusiasm, you have very strong candidates like rick santorum who were able to get the

majority of the useful int -- youth vote in states like ohio. when you have candidates who are not host: you were previously chief of staff under secretary lane ch -- elaine chow. did the republican labor department prepare kids for 20th-century jobs? guest: we have an office on the twentieth century workforce. one of the things is not -- that is not talked about about secretary chow is that she is concerned and dedicated about -- to the work force. she made it a priority as a

cabinet officer. we focus on what the emerging elements of the economy would be. host: our next call comes from tennessee. bill is on the line for democrats. caller: i was on the university of tennessee campus ward. what we found is that early vote is good to have turned out. if you put an early vote ward on campus for the neighborhood, not only do the students vote on campus and in the neighborhood, but they are in pockets all around the city. that enables students to vote early while they are on campus. it is good for student voting

and a good thing to do and something i would encourage all campus wards to do, set up an early voted location. guest: that is something that, when i was young in my career, i was the state chairman for college republicans. we were able to turn out so much vote for the state of maine that we were able to defeat an incumbent senator. the caller is pointing out an important issue, which is early vote. that is true if you are in local to mentes and at the campus level -- local communities and at the campus level. the more you can reach out to folks and encourage them to vote and remind them of their responsibility to vote, it is a good thing.

host: regarding targeted out to reach of young americans and this is to colleges and high schools. this is based on the obama administration's official travel numbers. the states that are in blue is where the president has visited three or more times between 2011 and july 2012. the states with the red dots are states that have been a single visit. this is not lost on the ministration, that they need to target young people if they want to -- lost on the administration, that they need to target young people if they want to be reelected. guest: we have social media platforms and an aggressive grass-roots team. they are talking to folks and they were noticing the number of people talking about official visits at the taxpayer expense of president obama and his

cabinet and subcabinet officials. it is clear that when you look at young adult unemployment levels, this has impacted their enthusiasm for the president. the white house knows it. based on an analysis of their travel, they have done over 400 targeted visits to college campuses across the country in swing states were young adults hang out in where they have a population center. host: we are talking to paul conway, president of the generation opportunity. you can go to their website. we will leave that up for a couple of seconds while we take this next call from green hill, north carolina. james is a millennial. caller: how are you doing today? i want to tell you that there is a huge disconnect on what -- in what you see on tv and what

people say about unemployment. i work in the home health industry and i am on a grass roots level every day to see how regular americans -- my company bills medicaid and medicare. i have two youngsters. one is a graduate with an engineering degree. i see my young people telling me all the time. most of them do not know what is going on in politics. they have no clue. the most frustrating thing for me is that people, politicians will say unemployment and this and that. it has gotten to the point where he and they tell me, we do not know what is going on. they do not know anything about politics because they do not watch it or understand it. then you see people who are frustrated. every day i see this, every single day.

people are getting afdc say, it is easier for me to get food stamps and to find a job. they cannot get jobs because they are under qualified or over qualified for they give up looking. that is the real meat and potatoes going on in this country. we have gotten to the point where everybody has given up. host: paul conway, before you answer that, i want to throw this up. it is a tweet. it says, why is paul conway leading an effort to bring in 18-year old voters? guest: the caller brought up the issue of disconnectedness among young people. we designed the organization to reach out on social media because that is where young

people are getting their information. we have had 750 million views on our pages. we source everything we put up on facebook because we have actually become an information hub for millions of americans across the country. the caller is absolutely right. people are disconnected from the events going on in the news and you will get a great deal of frustration. people are frustrated with the lack of opportunity and they earned dropping out of the process. we are trying to change that -- and they are dropping out of the process. we are trying to change that. to the second caller, it is a great question. i had been opportunity to pull together a group of folks who are all land deals.

i worked closely with them -- who are all millenials. we have a blend of talent. folks who are my age and the majority of my staff are millenials. we have over 900 campaigns under our belts, political campaigns. when it comes to leading an organization, sometimes talent and experience is helpful. they thought so. i have had the pleasure and the opportunity to serve them. our organization is tied into the community. they are masters of the universe in terms of technology. i am fairly good at identifying and building teams. we wanted to make sure we had a team that was world class. we have a vice president that is an expert in running

organizations and tying policy and tactics. our vice-president of communication is another talent. he is a young man who started a business in his house on social media and did quite well. we are lucky to have him. what our national field organizers -- these folks are overwhelmingly in the demographic and they do a great job at what they do. host: would you say that for campaigns around the country, regardless of what the level is, that they can use generation opportunity as a resource for how to better communicate with that millenial voting blocked? guest: we do not -- coordinate with campaigns at all.

we have a number of tools available about how to be effective on talk radio and television. we also see a lot of folks that are mimicking what we do on facebook, copying things. it is the sincerest form of flattery in some ways. we have also seen an uptick of organizations trying to address millenials. this demographic is wide open. if anyone feels they have a lock on this demographic, they do not. this is a discerning generation. you need to go out and tell them what the solutions are. they will hold you accountable and they are looking for results. they are living with the problem every day. they want results. host: let's go back to the phones and our conversation with paul conway, the president of opportunity -- operation

opportunity. caller: i wanted to expand a little bit on a couple of calls ago saying they supported obama and after that everybody went home. the point is, we have to realize the that that one person, even the president, does not to say this is what i want to happen. there are 535 other people who are important. what we have seen happen with this gridlock situation that we have is we have a party that is actually decided that since they did not win the white house, the way of eventually winning the white house is to make sure the person in there was not successful at anything they attempted to do. i am saying, that is our biggest problem right now. we have to realize that falling

victim to that kind of trick is not going to work. even if the other side wins this time, it will be a close election. now the democrats get to do everything they can do to stop whenever ms. romney tries to do to actually fix our situation -- mitt romney tries to do to actually six our situation. so that the next election, the economy will still be bad and everybody will blame that one person. host: we will leave it there. guest: the caller is from new orleans. new orleans is a place that is near and dear to my heart. i participate in rebuilding after hurricane katrina. -- participate in rebuilding after hurricane katrina. some folks would like to say there is block and tackle going on. i think it is more complex.

when you have a congress that is elected by the people and some of those representative take a look at things based on principle. some of the disagreements with present -- with president obama are bipartisan concerns. it is interesting that the caller is calling from new orleans. take a look at the city of new orleans and around the gulf coast. there was a moratorium on oil and gas exploration in the gulf of mexico. the mouth of flowback on that was led by mary landrieu, -- blowback was led by mary landrieu. we are talking about jobs on the gulf coast. these are good, hard-working folks who are trying to get their boat mortgages paid off, get to rebuild. when you have a shutdown of a major element of america's

hinchey independence and the acceptance of that was based on principle -- america's energy independence had and the exceptions -- acceptance of that was based on principle. when we take a look at that issue alone, we see that a lot of the frustration and the push back on administration issues is bipartisan. .ame thing with colal i representative -- a governor, joe manchin, has taken at a stand and said that we put out a coal mine, you are putting a community out of work. sometimes when you take a look at what is: on on the hill, it is a matter of principle, not just politics.

host: we have an e-mail that says paul if a bright fellow. can he suggest two or three programs he wishes would have been implemented or have been dropped? it is imperative that these cures be attempted at the national level. could worthwhile levels -- progress be tried out at the state level? guest: it is a good point. i did some time in st. louis on a campaign. great city. what i would say is this. he is correct in that a lot of the experimentation on great policy is being done at the state level. there has been a slight change. at the federal level, it is all genius and experimentation that should happen at the federal level. both parties are trying to reach engineer programs with today

are job-training programs to cater to the interests of the state and what is best for the citizens of the state. job training, in particular. governors know what the emerging needs are for skills based on the industries that are in your state or the industries they hope to attract to their states. at the federal level, folks want to create one uniform standard of how job training should be done. we think at the state level, you have some of the most interesting experience -- experiments going on. you can look at governor perry in texas and scott walker and governors across the country and see a lot of that experimentation being driven. with welfare reform, you had coming thompson -- tommy thompson who took welfare reform into virginia and drove the issue of experimentation in welfare and make sure that welfare was there for those who

need it, but that there were transition benefits for those who were taken off of it. he goal was to get people back -- the goal was to put people back to work. host: our next call comes on our line for democrats. you are on "washington journal" from georgia. caller: mr. conway, i have heard people condemned president obama for the last 20 minutes or 30 minutes. everything is obama. let me say this. how many things have congress worked -- have congress worked on this year? -- how many days have they worked this year? they have worked less than 45. out of the 45 days they have worked this year, they voted on

repealing obamacare. they have done nothing constructive. to help these young people get a job, not one thing. no matter what president obama has proposed, they have been against. it does not matter if you will negotiate and find a middle ground. they do not want to find a middle ground. if that is what the country wants, gridlock and stagnation, continue to vote republican for the cities who do not intend to negotiate or tried to be an impartial and come to an agreement -- or try to be impartial and come to an agreement. host: could congress get more work done if they spent more time in d.c.? guest: i think there is an issue there to be honest with you.

we are in an election cycle. there is a rush to go home. folks have to raise money to run for office. we are at that point in time in 2002 when there was a frustration with congress on both sides of the aisle with homeland security. a lot of folks thought congress should stay in town to get the job done. people worked on that issue when they were running for office. when you have a national issue that permeates so many different people, this is not a partisan issue. this is the american people, getting americans to go back to work. you can see government as the impetus to create that or as an impediment to it. at the end of the day, the people decide these things are the president and the congress. to make an argument that they should stay in town to be more

focused on those things that benefit young americans -- i agree with the caller. we come from a perspective that more can be done to get regulations and taxes out of the way and help the people who have the motivation to create jobs. penalizing and throwing the trio at people who want to employ people is not -- vitrol at the people who want to employ people is not the way to get it done. host: when asked which of the following would make young people more likely to vote, young americans indicated facebook reminders. 38% e-mail and 28% public service announcements and 13% said they would vote if they had a reminder with a phone

call. we have a caller. caller: when you talk to young people, the number 1 concern for young people is jobs. president obama has no plan for jobs for young people. nobody knows what his plan is for young people. when you have 50% of young people graduating for -- from college without jobs, it is terrible. when you ask the president about jobs for young people, his plan is to stay on your parents' health care until you are 26 years old. i think it is about time that mitt romney asked young people, if he went to college for four years only to move back home and be on your parents' health care,

you have what obama thought. if you have your own job and your own health care, start your own business to be able to live in a prosperous way in america, vote for mitt romney. it is really clear. host: frank in baltimore. paul conway? guest: the caller hits on a couple of important points. one is, do you really think young adults aspired to be further dependent on their parents or government? based on the people we talk to and the hundreds of thousands we engage on the ground, we do not think people aspire to go to college to become dependent. the caller hit on an important point. as far as encouraging the candidate to reach out, here is the most important thing. i think the president and his team recognize that in 2007 and 2008, you must engaged folks.

he must do it early and you must do it with the mechanisms and the means they use every day. that is why we go out on the facebook platform and talk to folks. as far as candidates connecting, the number one thing a candidate can do is this. understand that they are intelligent and understand that this generation watched 9/11 and volunteered to serve in two warrants. they witnessed an economic collapse. -- a volunteer to serve in two wwars. -- wars. if you are a candidate in either party, you have a responsibility to talk to these people. they are looking for solutions. they are not looking for party labels. they are much more interested in people who have the courage to say what they believe. host: next up is toning, a

millenial. caller: i have been to your website and i like what you are doing. you claim you are a nonpartisan group. what is on the website reflects conservative or libertarian thinking. in a country of 300 million people, what does small government look like and what distinguishes it from a big government? guest: great question. if you go to our website, you will see that we have a priority of different sources on there. the brookings institution, the heritage foundation, a wide range of sources. the language in particular -- some say it is partisan. we disagree. we want greater opportunity for

all americans and smaller government and greater protection for individual freedoms. smaller government, we do not believe it is an issue that is owned by one party or another. look at john f. kennedy's inaugural address and ronald reagan's inaugural address. they said government should be in service to the people. what does it mean in modern terms? what is a smaller government? smaller government is smaller in scale in terms of the number of employees. is the government responsive to the people of? if you have a government that is telling people that is telling people -- a government that is telling people that the gulf coast is not doing what is right in terms of oil and gas, that is not a response of our small government. host: some more numbers we got

from your organization regarding millenials and their thoughts on national security. independence 61% and indebtedness to foreign powers, 52%. 80% see china as a danger both economic and military. only 22% would decrease production of domestic oil sources -- domestic in its resources like oil and natural gas and coal. 53% believe lowering business taxes will increase hiring. 59% believe the economy grows when people are allowed to create businesses without

government interference. many favor reducing federal spending to balance the budget. the troy, michigan on our line for democrats. you are on the line -- detroit, michigan on our line for democrats. caller: for all of the young people listening right now, paul conway is part of the problem. he was in the labor department with george w. bush. they lost 700,000 jobs a month when george w. bush left office. host: that is henry in michigan. guest: obviously, there was a job loss in the bush administration. that is a fact. but the question is, what is being done to address that and is enough being done?

obviously, we disagree with it. service under president bush, i am prod of that service. i have no apologies whatsoever. -- i am proud of that service. host: our last call comes from san francisco. jan is on our line for republicans. thanks for getting up early in san francisco. caller: 25% of african-americans are unemployed. a chicago paper was asking president obama what you are going to do about this, about the crime and everything in chicago. what is happening is we have lost hope. we gave him the congress, the presidency. what we are wondering now is, why hasn't he rolled up his sleeves and met with his jobs committee and attempted to get

jobs for americans? rounding -- romney promises us jobs. he is a trustworthy person. the washington post gave president obama 3 pinocchios. that means he is not telling the truth. in 2008, he promised he would work on the space program. instead, he let everybody go and got rid of the space program. we need to make change and we need to help our young people. obama is bringing in illegals and he says he refuses to do anything about people coming here illegally. that will bring more welfare and fewer jobs. host: we will leave it at that and we will give paul conway a

chance to respond. guest: take a look at key demographics. in the hispanic community, the unemployment rate for a 18-29 urals is 29%. the-year olds -- year olds is 29%. each issue for young adults is who is pushing hardest for the the key issue is who is pushing hardest for creation of jobs for all americans, especially for young americans. you are looking at a generational said that in the ability to purchase things and built their careers. the question is, is it fair for one generation to leave the next

generation less prepared than it is now? that is something republicans and democrats can agree on. the idea of america is that you pass on something that is better. if you are not doing everything you possibly can to create jobs and get people employed, that is a problem. people are looking for solutions going into 2012. host: we have been talking to paul conway, the president of generation opportunity. thank you for being on "washington journal." coming up on the program, lorraine woellert of bloomberg news joins us for a discussion on the unemployment numbers. and we will talk with lt. general william ingram, jr. from the national guard. on "newsmakers," john cornyn

talks about where he thinks republicans can pick up senate seats and which vice- presidential candidates and which person he likes for mitt romney. he sees the senate candidates interacting with the romney campaign. you can see the entire interview on sunday at 10:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on c-span. it is also available online at c-span.org. >> do you see some states where it would benefit your candidate to run with mitt romney? >> there would have to be some coordination in terms of voter id and get out the vote efforts. it will benefit the romney campaign and other senate candidates. it is too early to tell about tv

advertisements, which you mentioned earlier. that is something i have not heard much about. it is too bad early to tell. >> what advice would you give the romney campaign? many say he is not doing enough to tell his story. what advice would you give to the republican candidate and his campaign? >> governor romney must be doing something right because he is essentially tied with the incumbent president of the united states. he has been taking a beating all summer long. he has kept his powder dry, wisely so as long as his numbers have not moved. most people will start to concentrate on the presidential race during convention when he gives his acceptance speech. this will be like the defeat of 1980 when jimmy carter was

leading ronald reagan until people realize that ronald reagan was a viable alternative to what they thought was the failed presidency of jimmy carter. the numbers began to move significantly. that is when people will start to pay attention, at least the people who decide this election. >> have the people been fair to mitt romney? >> i think president obama has gotten quite a few breaks. i have not seen mitt romney get a few breaks. no one expects them to get breaks from the media. >> "washington journal" continues. host: lorraine woellert is here to talk about the unemployment numbers. of our guest is going to talk to

us about the numbers and with the growth and decline has been. welcome to the program. among the various headlights out this morning, this is from the arizona republic. jobs data a mixed election message. talk to us about how each campaign is going to try to use these numbers to their advantage in the next couple of months. guest: romney has a stronger message from this number. the unemployment rate hit go up. that is not good for obama. romney is already accusing the obama administration of being an extraordinary failure on jobs and the economy. he will keep going in that direction. obama is talking of the 163,000 new jobs. that is good.

he is blaming republicans for not passing his jobs agenda in congress. host: a similar headline in the orange county register this morning. jos report muddles. moderate republic -- moderate job increase. note illuminating help to voters who are mired in a weekly jobless recovery and flooded with familiar promises from barack obama and mitt romney. the employment snapshot seems to mix to jolt a consistently close race. with numbers going up and down the way they are, is it conceivable that the job numbers will have less of an effect on the electorate than a lot of people are writing about now? guest: i think that is true. the jobs story is over at this

point. nothing is going to change between now and the election. it will continue to be bad. these monthly numbers everybody is waiting for will not push the campaigns in one direction or another. this is how it will be. host: were there any surprises in what you saw in the numbers yesterday? guest: what it is 63,000 new jobs was higher than economists thought it was going to be. the range we heard -- 160,000 new jobs was higher than economists thought it would be. the range we heard was between 70,080 thousand. how much of it was statistical -- 70,000 jobs and 80,000 jobs. host: the report from the bureau of labor statistics shows that

the unemployment rate was up to 8.3%. 5.2 million are long-term unemployed, meaning they have been out of work 27 weeks or more. if you want to get involved in our conversation with lorraine woellert, you can give us a call. the number is 202-737-0001 for republicans and 202-737-0002 for democrats. our focus -- our first call from -- is from our line for independents. caller: regardless of how large an amount of jobs that were created, we are still on a positive trend. the last administration went

out with negative jobs reports. bloomberg is not nonpartisan. bloomberg tends to be on the more conservative side. i do not know why this young lady would be on television saying that romney has a better position than president obama. romney, when he left massachusetts, his job creation figures were less than what president obama's are. to make sure what no one knew, -- to make sure no one knew, he spread out his numbers. guest: you are right. there are 27 consecutive months of growth in jobs. the problem is there is not

enough of them being made. this is a positive trend. we are going in the right direction. people would like to see more growth, stronger growth. host: some of the numbers provided by d bureau of labor statistics as far as jobs are concerned -- by the bureau of labor statistics as far as jobs are concerned. the service and drinking establishment jobs went up 29,000. manufacturing is up 25,000. health care is up 12,000 and utilities were down 8000. in illinois, cathy is on our line for democrats. you are on the air. caller: my husband has worked for caterpillar for the last 17 years. he has walked out on strike.

their first deal was a $7 an hour pay cut. , three times more in health care and they are raising the price in health care. everything is a negative. this plant alone last year made $3 million less than $1 billion. their top ceo late 56% more in his income in a $14 million bonus. what can we do? we are entering the fourth month of layoffs. host: lorraine woellert?

guest: caterpillar is an interesting company because it is so global and so huge. they have said how worried they are about the global economy, not just here in the u.s. a lot of companies like caterpillar are being cautious with their work force. they are not hiring, that is for sure. they are looking for ways to cut in the face of what we see as a synchronized slowdown in the global economy. you raise an interesting point when you talk about your husband's salary. a lot of big companies and industrial companies like caterpillar complain about something called the skills gap. they cannot find workers that have the experience or the training to do certain jobs. that is really fascinating when

we have so many millions of people unemployed. why can they find these people? we are not really sure what the problem is. it may be that the companies do not want to take on the training or they just do not want to take people for these jobs. host: lorraine woellert covers the u.s. economy and indicators for bloomberg news. et.have a twea because the best because of a gallon of gas will be the equalizer in terms of the employment numbers. talk about what kind of factor because of gas will play in november. guest: it is interesting how big a fact that number will be. it is surprisingly important to

a lot of voters because it affects their everyday cost of living in a big way. host: as it is suggested in this tweet, because of gas goes down and the unemployment rate stays the same, do you think more people would be inclined to re- elect the president? guest: could be. host: david is on our line for independents. caller: how are you to it? host: just fine. your question or comment. caller: on the health-care debate, both sides have some fault here. as far as attacking what they called the obamas plan, bush wanted a medicare increase. both sides are putting a post to

that plan. between democrats and republicans, there is a big elephant in the room in terms of insurance companies. why don't we look at what insurance is making a year and what they pay a year? the insurers or the doctors, one of them has to lose money. why doesn't anyone audit the insurance companies? i don't think it has ever been done in history, an actual audit of these companies. we only have 2% net growth a year. just on the surface, it is a ridiculous claim. no one would stick around making 2% a year. guest: i am not an expert on health care. i think there was something in the health care bill that

required insurance companies to give rebates under certain conditions if they were not using premiums to cover actual claims. something like that. this has started to come back to people. maybe that is something you are talking about. host: next up is carrie on our line from -- cary on our line for democrats. caller: over the past couple of years, i have watched our employment growth. we see new employees come in daily. we have hired almost 1000 people in the past couple of years. my question for the young lady -- and i know she is from a conservative leaning newspaper -- our economy is contracting by a%. -- 8%.

if this was a conservative, you would be out there talking about how bad the economy is going and all of these jobs that have been created. i want to know why the republicans are trying to downplay the success of this president and trying to stop him at every turn? guest: they want to win the election. they are spending -- spinning i t anyway they can to win the election. host: a twwet -- tweet that says, what percentage of the jobs that were created were temporary jobs? guest: the temporary jobs are growing.

this is at least the second report that showed growth. that is a good thing. people think of that as a leading indicator. companies earned tipping their toe in the water. we -- companies are dipping their toe in the water safe, we need someone, but we do not want to hire them full-time -- in the water say, we need someone, but we do not want to hire them full-time. host: we have a caller. go ahead. caller: i heard that 190,000 jobs were lost. i wonder why that number is not getting more traction or why people are not mentioning that number much. that adds to the unemployment.

i used to be from new jersey. there is a story there. host: we will leave that for another time. lorraine woellert? guest: the report that came out yesterday is actually two surveys. one is the establishment survey where they poll corporations, companies, employers. the other is the household survey where they go door-to- door and talk to people. these the two surveys come up with two different numbers. the household survey gives us the unemployment rate and the employer survey gives us the jobs numbers. that is the one that people think gives us a more accurate number. that is the number of people tend to look at. host: these two charts we have show that on the left. we have the unemployment rate

seasonally adjusted. this one shows how it has gone from 9.5% in july of 2010 down to where it is now at 8.3% in july of 2012. on the right, the non-farm payroll seasonally adjusted from july 2010 shows they were losing just under 100,000 jobs and 90,000 jobs per month. now we are up to 163,000 jobs in july of 2012. dallas, texas. ron on our line for independent s. caller: i want to ask a question or maybe your guest could give a comment. many parts of the dismal job growth we are having because we

have a do nothing congress. i would like her to comment on that if she could. guest: companies i talked to are worried about congress and the fiscal clef, the $600 billion in taxes and -- cliff, the $600 billion in taxes that will go into effect if congress does that act. they are paralyzed. they do not want to spend any money. they see what is going on in europe. the fact that congress has not fixed this yet has a lot of people worried. host: michael is on our line for democrats. from pennsylvania. go ahead. caller: in 2010, the republicans won the house of representatives running on jobs, jobs, jobs.

the house of representatives has not had one house bill. it is time for the house of representatives to go back into democratic hands. let's get things done. thank you. guest: i can agree with you that they are not doing much of their. we are going to have a busy november and december when they get back. host: joy sent us this e-mail. when releasing unemployment figures, baby dies prior months. -- they revise prior months. guest: everybody gets agitated about this, including me. it makes the change look different. apparently, this is a routine

thing. the numbers are almost always realized up because they get more information coming in and they use the prior datapoint. there is this question that, anything less than 100 -- any change less than 100,000 might not be material. it could just be statistical noise. you can look at this 163,000 and say that is a good number, but maybe most of it is not a real change in jobs. ben bernanke, the federal reserve chairman says we need 150,000 to keep up. that is what we have been doing on average last few months. host: when these numbers are refi, you say they are generally buys up. when the numbers come out,

nobody talks about the revision. is there a statistical margin of error that does not affect the policy or the politics involved? guest i think that is true. it is almost nobody that gives it inning weight in terms of the economists i talk to. they are the express. host: back to the phones. from massachusetts,, sean is on the line. caller: when you come up with these statistics on jobs created, can you break it down in the future? how many are well-paid jobs? how many are minimum-wage? people in well-paid jobs have to work at fast-food restaurants.

on how the republicans ran on jobs, jobs, jobs -- the only jobs the government makes our federal jobs. host: from the graphic we showed earlier, according to the bureau of labor statistics, the sectors with little or no change included transportation, financial activity and the government. lorraine woellert. guest: the caller had an interesting point. the number of underemployed people is growing. these are people taking part- time jobs at fast-food places or whatever. that has become a big concern for people. it is a hidden number. then we have been discouraged worker who has been looking for ever and cannot find a job and

decides to check out of the system. those people are also still out there. when you think about it, the numbers do not look good. host: from connecticut, russ is on our line for independents. caller: i have a comment about the fiscal cliff. tell me if i am missing something here. you are talking about the loss of all of these jobs in january. it seems to me that the tea party andy republicans are talking about -- and the republicans are talking about every time we extend the debt, the tea party is pushing back. we would have the loss of these jobs anyway under the republican plan. the only difference is they would not be in defense. they would be in other areas. am i missing something?

guest: the loss of jobs would theoretically, not just from government contractors who would lose income because of budget cuts -- like defense companies you talked about. in theory, the loss of jobs would also come from the higher taxes that companies would have to pay. they say they will do less hiring or lay people off as a result of that. host: from minnesota, leonard is on our line for democrats. go ahead. you are on "washington journal." caller: the numbers on unemployment. 8.3%. we always focus in on unemployment. we have 4.3% unemployment, not 8.3%. businesses are working their

people over time because it costs more to hire people. as far as government -- we had a stimulus package and the republicans fought it every step of the way. we would have people building bridges. i did not know what the administration is going to do, but they passed a bill for stimulus for construction to put people to work. as far as the new tax bill coming up, businesses were making profits and they were cutting taxes and no one was crying. it is a crying game as far as i am concerned. host: your thoughts and what you are reporting on the stimulus and how that the elected -- affected jobs growth?

guest: there is evidence that it created jobs. another stimulus is, how are we going to pay for it? this goes back to the prior caller. the money has to come from somewhere. that is why we are approaching this fiscal cliff because no one can figure out what to cut and whose taxes to raise. host: we had this on bloomberg.com. service industries in the u.s. expanded helped by a pickup in orders. explain what that means. is this the trends were where jobs are going to be? -- the trend for where jobs are going to be? guest: it is a highly watched survey. it was very positive. we are now producing more goods

and services than we have been over the last several months. yet the unemployment remains high. we are basically doing moreof w. productivity is probably at an all-time high. the orders number is important because it does indicate it is forward-looking. we expect people to be buying so we have to be ready. there is tough in the pipeline moving through with the idea that the consumer will spend money. that is a positive thing. even host: with this growth in orders, it sounds like companies are going to focus more on hiring part-time workers. guest: part-time or doing more with what they have already and that is because of the

uncertainty. everybody hates that word. uncertainty about what is happening in the european economy, chinese economy, brazilian economy, and here at home. host: we are talking -- our next call is from john. your honor. caller: good morning -- you are on. caller: good morning. i just wanted to say something about bloomberg. if you follow this whole financial issue, bloomberg released information on tarp and what the bank's head and they levered up trillions of dollars in debt off the books. that being a separate issue, bloomberg is putting information at.

i think it is very very good. i see these jobs numbers and in massachusetts, we had -- massachusetts used to do their own jobs reporting number and they had created 40,000 jobs. the governor turned that service over to dls and they revised that down to 9000. as a person -- i am very concerned with how people are politicizing these numbers. i always hear in the 1980's clinton saying that he kind of

created all of this budget deficit being when we went through a technological revolution with microprocessors and i kind of thing we are in that mode right now. we are in an information revolution. host: we in an information revolution? guest: i think so. the caller makes a good point. everybody tries to politicize the numbers. that has always been the case. with all the information out there, people are seeing through a lot of that and i think it is becoming harder for the politicians to spin. because of different ways information is presented on the

internet and -- i think about people are not buying it. they come to their own conclusions. >> we were talking about the numbers. here is a tweet -- your thoughts about that? guest: government actually lost jobs in this report. we think that one reason for that is teacher layoffs. overall, the government has been pretty good. in this report, it declined. host: loretta. john on our line for independent. thank you for waiting. caller: i just want to clear some stuff up. government does create jobs. if you believe in the economic base multipliers, which grover norquist does not come up for

every job that is created, that government worker goes to the grocery store, buys cars, and the other person has money and they spend it. denice in economics works. what does not work is austerity. you cannot do it. if you look at the history of american tax breaks, our most prosperous times work when taxes were above 40%. some of our bad times were when they were down around 20 to 25%. if you look back to 1937 when they put fdr into austerity measures, that was a mistake. it was a mistake with reagan. the republicans are trying to push a model that has never

worked and has never been proven, statistically. it is killing us. host: john in colorado. lorraine woellert? guest: when i talk to companies and economic -- economists, they are all pitching for the fed to do more stimulus. in addition to congress acting, they are all looking for the fed to inject some more money into the economy. that is what they are looking for and they were very disappointed this last week when ben bernanke did not act. host: oklahoma. carroll is on our line for democrats. go ahead. caller: i just want to say that there are jobs. i mean, you can have a job, but you may not get paid what you are worth in this economy.

nobody is getting paid what they are worth. they are just working their workers to death and when they die, everything is ok. wages are going up. host: what kind of work do you do? caller: i work at a correctional facility. the private facilities do not get paid as much as i do. host: you satisfied with your pay a and your health insurance benefits? caller: i am satisfied with the health insurance, but not the pay. the pay has been stagnant for several years. they have increased the population of the prison, but not the staff and not the pay. they have added more prisoners and not had any pay increases for several years a and we have

to stay with the job that we have. other people who get a job, they work for a week and then they decide that they are not getting paid enough. then they get mad at union workers because they get paid, but they do not want to be in a union. i think they should all get a job in get off of unemployment because there are jobs to be had. host: me ask you one more question. tell us the pay scale for the workers at the prison versus the workers that are at the private prison that you were talking about earlier. caller: private prisons start out at minimum wage. the state workers' wages are much higher than what they would

start at the private facilities. the private facilities do not offer them the insurance or anything. they are just basically not well run anyway because they take the most inexperienced people. their staff is not well trained. host: am sorry. we are one to leave it there. lorraine woellert? guest: we are back to the idea of productivity when companies are trying to do everything with fewer people. she is right that the wages are not growing. in this report, it looks like payrolls edged up 2 cents. that is basically nothing. host: the private and public sector? guest: is for private and non-

farm. host: columbus , ohio. you are on. caller: yes. there was a previous caller that indicated that the government increased jobs in the private sector. i want to ask -- i do not understand why people think the government does not create jobs. most businesses need help from the government. this enables them to hire more people. the government is very much involved in creating jobs in that way. i just wanted to get the view from the guest on why it is that people are saying that the government does not create jobs. i would like to get her comment. host: lorraine woellert?

guest: as you know, obama famously stumbled the other day when he tried to make the point saying you did not build this. he was referring to what you are talking about, the idea that government provides infrastructure of all sorts to allow business prosper in this country. he did fumble in the way he said it. the romney campaign and others have used that as an opportunity to bring on more support from corporate america and small businesses. host: next up is our line for independents. caller: last year, they were saying over 55,000 companies have moved overseas and that was just last year. i am just wondering, how many

jobs is that? i would like to know how many come to seize these -- companies have moved this year. i am sorry. i am nervous. host: that's ok. take a deep breath. caller: when the king was running on creating jobs, they had no idea what happened when they got in there. we did not know that they would have the problem that they had. if they want to hold obama for saying they did not create jobs, romney said he likes to filre people. guest: we saw a lot of jobs going overseas in manufacturing to low-wage countries like china where things can be made cheaper, but the interesting

thing is happening now where a lot of skilled jobs are actually moving to the u.s. for example, auto makers are opening plants in south carolina. airbus is opening its first u.s. plant by next year. the jobs are moving in both directions. i think that what we probably would like to see is to have the higher skilled jobs stay or move into the u.s. host: lorraine woellert has been our guest. she is an economy reporter from bloomberg news. if you want to read her articles, find them on line at bloomberg.com. thank you for being on the program. in an earlier edition, articles, they had this with a headline guard reserve training experience.

host: coming up, an interview with lieutenant general william ingram jr., who will look at the future of the national guard. we will be right back.

>> this weekend on "american history tv," what was the turning . said of the civil war? >> the failure and the emergence as a successful field commander marked a decisive moment in the eastern theater that pro-family shaped the larger director in -- profoundly shaped the larger direction. >> on the week-long june 52 battle that drove the army away from the capital. tonight at 10:00 p.m. eastern and sunday, more from "the contenders." key political figures who ran for president and lost. >> i would remind you that extremism is no vice. >> this week, barry goldwater, the 1964 republican candidate who lost to lb.

-- lbj. >> sunday, live on "book tv," we will talk with the former columnist of bennett college for women. we will begin at noon eastern europe on "after words" -- >> what i do is look at this enhow we got there today. are there trends that run through our relationships. with the amount -- with the ultimate goal of trying to take account of what transpired on both sides. >> 0 east analyst -- middle east analyst on middle east and iran. part of "book tv" on c-span2. >> "washington journal" continues. host: lieutenant-general william

ingram jr. jain says to talk about the army national guard and its future. -- joins us to talk about the army national guard and its future. guest: to be here. host: talked about an article that was in "usa today" this week where general odierno talks about more drilling time and more training time for members of the guard and reserve. give us your thoughts about that. guest: i think there may be a slight misunderstanding. he spoke of selected units that will be doing extra time in preparation for engagement operations and other things that will happen following -- the best majority of the army national guard will go back to one weekend a month and two weeks' annual training. as well as other professional

education. host: talk to us about the difference between the army national guard and the army reserve. guest: the army national guard is mentioned in the constitution. it gets its routes from the militias. we celebrate the birthday of the national guard as 1636 with 375 years old. we will be 376 in december of this year. because of the militia heritage, the national guard has a dual mission. they are organized in 54 states -- 50 states, three territories and the district of columbia. in non-federal status, the report to the governors of the state can territories. they also do the dual mission of homeland security in domestic response. -- and domestic response as well

as the federal mansion in bel overseas or fight. host: how often do members of the national guard serve? we talked about the one weekend a month and the two weeks over the summer, but how often are their being called up to go into assignments that we typically think of as being those of folks in the regular army? guest: it depends on the international situation. we have been called to every conflict the u.s. has been engaged in, including vietnam on a small scale. it depends on the needs of the army. in the case of the army national guard, for the last 10 years, we have been called very regularly. over 500,000 army national guard soldiers have served as federal

soldiers since the beginning of the fight. host: are talking with lieutenant general william ingram jr., director of the army national guard, about the future of the army national guard. we would like for the folks who are listening to get involved. 202-737-0002 for republicans. democrats, 202-737-0001. independents, 202-628-0205. we have a special line this morning for members of the national guard -- 202-628-0184. 202-628-0184. even though we are talking about the future of the army national guard, if you are in the air force, we will take your calls, as well. talk to us a little bit about how one qualifies to serve in the national guard. is there a difference between what it takes to get in as opposed to getting into the

reserves or the regular army? >> int -- guest: it is the same. the qualifications are the same for all three components of the army. component one is the active army. two, the army national guard. 3, u.s. army reserves. the requirements are identical across the components. host: we have some facts and figures regarding the army national guard be cut from the guard. there are 358 army national guardsmen across the 50 states in the territories. the army national guard has been mentioned is the largest of the seven military reserve components. the army and air national guard are under the command of the state governor, except when mobilized for missions when overseas. they're under the command of the president. talk to us about the mobilization for the mission. a lot of times, we see national guard troops serving in

situations that have to do with national disasters. to make that decision? the governor? does that come from washington? guest: the governor. the first responders who are most -- emergency management is part of the state. as members of the national guard, we work for the governors. their commanders inside the state. we are a research -- resource that is available to them. typically, working for the department of emergency management in that state. we are never in command or control operations inside the state. host: we are talking with lieutenant general william -- william ingram jr., director of the army national guard. our first call comes from indiana. paul is on our line for republicans. go ahead.

caller: good morning, general. i have a couple of questions. what part of the service -- what part does the fed have in -- between the state and the fed? guest: i think that understand your question. the federal government provides the could function for the army national guard. the equipment in the money to run the guard in training status comes from the federal government. the state comes in as involved with the facilities that are in that state.

it is a combination of federal and state money. when we on stayed active duty, the state pays the bill and reimburses the federal government for use of federal equipment. host: next up is colorado springs, colorado. welcome to the program. caller: good afternoon, sir. i am a special forces officer in the national guard. we have very unusual jobs. i was wondering -- you have the regulation on one deployment every five years. however, for the green berets, i was wondering if the requirement will be changed? so that we could be deployed more? guest: for certain units, it is

a demand-based request. as you said, you have been used more than normal during the war fight. as we move forward, i would expect that to continue. i think army guard special forces -- many people in your organization volunteer as opposed to being in the torelli called to active duty. i would expect that to continue for the new to and -- near-term. host: this is regarding guard duty overseas. most guardsman's have served in numerous locations, including afghanistan, bosnia, the horn of

africa, iraq, kosovo, kuwait, and the philippines. just over 50% of current army national guardsmen are combat veterans. when situations like iraq and afghanistan start to ramp up, when the war in vietnam started to ramp up, is it any easier move for the president to call on guards and reserves then send them into combat situations rather than try to expand the numbers in their regular service ranks? guest: there are a number of answers to that question. number one, it is a political decision for the use of military force. the use of which military force is a political decision. the decision to call actually -- actually, not to call the national guard to full mobilization for the nom was

based on -- via non- was based on the criteria that subsequently, calling the national guard along with the other reserves of the services to do before the first gulf war was a political decision as well as iraq and afghanistan. first and foremost, the use of military force is up to elected officials. secondly, the guard a and the other reserve components of our services provide backup to the parent service. the army national guard with fake -- 350,000 soldiers organized in formations that are deployable, combat support units, at a much lower cost per individual when they are not being used in federal status. that is an insurance policy for the nation. we are certainly capable.

we have proven capability in the last 10 years of war. we are rea and available whenever we needed. host: william ingram jr., the director of the national guard. he has been such since november of 2011. his job includes guiding formulation and implementation of all programs and policies impacting the army national guard. he's our guest for the next half an hour. for lauderdale, florida. our line for independent. you are on. caller: good morning, gentlemen. when it comes to the guardsmen and reservists, they are part of the u.s. army. an integral part. considering that, they are considered federal troops to a degree. the disposal of each state's governor. i understand and appreciate

guardsmen being called out for natural disasters such as the hurricanes. however, in matters of civil disobedience such as the situation with a guy living in the new work area and what has occurred in miami, when federal laws are being violated during these disturbances, is it not indeed 8 part of the federal government to authorize the deployment of the state's guardsman's? or is that up to the discretion of the governor? guest: in the situation that you were speaking of, the guard would be called to federal service under the control of the president. he has that authority and the ability to federalize the national guard at his discretion. typically, for civil unrest, the guard service first for the

governor. it is an option for the president, as well. either or. i hope i answered your question. host: jacksonville, florida. on our line for republicans. go ahead. caller: good morning, sir. i appreciate your service. with the current up-tempo in a daugaard -- the guard, how might this affect the recruiting and retention in the long term? you may have a problem with that. host: before we let you go, tell us about your service. how long were you in? did you spend time overseas? caller: yes, sir.

i am a vietnam veteran. bosnia, afghanistan, and iraq. i have all of my teachers. [laughter] host: when you went up and did your service with a guard, talk to us a little bit about being able to come back and pick up your life as a civilian, particularly your employee min. -- employment. caller: i was a full-time technician so i fell back into employment with no problem. i know from being a leader that i had the traditional -- that people are having trouble gaining employment. my concern is that the up-tempo has a and negative effect on

recruiting. guest: i appreciate what you have done. to answer your question, my background is as a traditional guardsmen, as well. i served for the first 30 years of my career as a traditional guardsman with full-time job. i understand your question very well. i think in the last 10 years, the soldiers that are currently in the army national guard certainly expected to be deployed. i am not sure that that was the expectation 20 years ago. employers have stepped up a ly and i really see the guard involvement declining rather than increasing. there will be certain units that will -- i am sure you are familiar with the army force generation model that says you

are being a window once every five years or once in a five- year cycle where you are ready and available for deployment. we build up on that cycle. general odierno was speaking to the people in the available window and certainly not all of the units in the available window, just certain ones, to do specific missions. they will know well in advance and they will be prepared. their families and employers will no well in advance when that window of availability will occur. i feel very comfortable with the force that we have today and the fact that they have done such a tremendous job in the past. i will not say finally, but during this evolution in the last few years, we have defined

-- we have gone to great wings to make sure families are as well-prepared as our soldiers are. host: next up is virginia. rick is on our line for independents. you are on the "washington journal." caller: thank you for you and everyone serving the country. what is today's policy toward treason? guest: rick, thanks for your question. i do not think there has been any change in that policy. there has been no change. host: we will move on to new hampshire. barry is on our line for folks in the guard. you are a retired guardsmen? caller: good morning, general.

i was a soldier in the army. later on, i got -- i was an army aviator. i retired out of that. we were required to fly as much as the regular army. in order to do that, they have additional flight training periods. when i started going to my unit, they said we do not want you to fly on the weekends. we want you to come in and get because you get paid for them. we were doing a lot of additional flight training time. for more duty then others were doing. when retirement time came, it turned out that we did not get paid for most of those aftp's. that may not be the right way to

put it, but you get the idea. that is something that maybe should be adjusted for the aviators. i will take a comment through -- my computer. i did enjoy my time in the guard. people do say thank you for your service and i say i enjoyed it. i paid for it. it was a great time. i met wonderful people. i am 73, but i would do it if i could. guest: i really appreciate your service and i appreciate the question. i am not sure about the answer concerning retirement points for aftp's. to my knowledge, they are included. they may not have been several years ago. they certainly are now.

i remember there were additional training assemblies that we did that were not included. there were additional retirement plans you could obtain in a year. it may have affected you. that was a role at the time. host: have a tweet -- guest: theoretically, that is probably a possibility. the likelihood of that is a political decision on the part of the governor. that is an often -- option to

use as appropriate. in that case, it would be augmenting local law enforcement, but that is a decision the governor would have to make. host: in making that decision, with the governor be looking at things like the size of the group or whether or not there was violence involved? guest: i would think the crux of that decision would be available forces to use in that instance. the national guard and that particular case would not have law-enforcement capacity unless they were deputized. there is usually many other options that are more feasible and more economical than using the national guard in a situation of that nature. host: previously in his career, william ingram jr. has been called to the pentagon to serve as special assistant to the vice chief of staff of the army and has been the chairman of the army reserve force's policy

committee. he was appointed general of north carolina, overseeing the largest mobilization of the north carolina national guard since world war ii. back to the phones. michigan. garrett is on our line for democrats. you are on. go ahead. caller: general, i had a curious situation. i served in two different areas of the military. the air force reserves and active army. i made a mistake in my 14th year. they gave me a general discharge on honorable condition and they will not let me back in, but they let criminals in. they will not lie 8 -- allowing a good soldier back in because i made a mistake. is there any recourse? host: can you tell us what it was?

caller: phil the drug tests. -- i failed a drug test. a drug test randomly. i filled one. -- failed one. guest: because of the character of your discharge, we are prohibited by law and regulation from readmitting you to the service. i am sorry about that, but that is the rule. host: let us move on to maryland. brad is on our line for independents. go ahead. caller: hi. i have a question about -- the way i understand it, the structure of our military was disbanded after -- i know the condo deal was disbanded -- kind

until deale was disbanded and we carried on. after a conflict was over, the army dispersed and we were baton a militia style to keep everybody's training of and keep the defense ready. i was wondering -- i think that is the best system to utilize this in order to keep us from overseas engagements that are less than desirable. but, i was wondering what the lieutenant general thinks about our strength as a nation? our ability to think about this if we were on a solely militia- style and -- host: sorry to cut you off. that was read. we have a tweet from --

guest: to answer both questions, if you look back in history, our founding fathers were very protective of keeping a small standing army and a well regulated militia in case bad things happen. they were very wary of a large standing armies at the time and they cost money. you fast forward to the 21st century. after every conflict that the u.s. has been a engaged in a sense -- we have always drawn

down the military after an engagement. in my mind, the reserve forces provide an insurance policy to the nation. totoday's fast-moving world, be able to reconstitute an army, especially the most capable one in the history of the world, takes time. you would never want to completely drawdown active duty forces. that would seriously damage the security of our nation. however you can regulate the active forces with the strong back of the reserve components provide security to the nation. in this time of fiscal difficulty that we face and our economic situation in the u.s.

investing money in the guard and reserve and other reserves of the services is probably a very good investment and could return on the investment, especially with the very season to force -- season to forcd force. host: steve, you are on the "washington journal." go ahead. caller: i just have a few questions as far as foreign troops and gun confiscation. as i understand it, and i was in the air force, but everybody swears to uphold and defend the constitution of the u.s. i guess i just want your comments on those few things. guest: thank you for your

service. regarding -- that is another difference in the garden and the other title 10 reserves as well as the active duty forces. daugaard -- we are available to the governors to enforce the laws of the state during unrest or other hold ups if we are called to duty and not engage in the laws. host: next up this louisiana. go ahead. you are on. >> yes, sir. i am currently in the louisiana national guard after 18 years. i have a question as far as the apft's. all the way from the e1's to the

top, it seems like in a lot of the louisiana guard units, there are more overweight people than you can imagine. the only ones you ever see taking been apft's are the traditional national guardsmen. you never see the full time staff taking them. a lot of the staff are overweight. how can someone make sure it is there that their scores will not be the same? guest: that is a local issue, number one. every soldier in the army national guard comes under the same physical fitness regulations and the physical fitness test is twice a year.

it is once a year. you would have to take the book with your chain of command. -- take that up with your chain of command. [laughter] host: all of those letters he was throwing out. guest: the army physical fitness test. host: apft. the flag officers have to pass it? guest: along with everyone else. [laughter] host: our guest is general william ingram jr., the director of the army national guard. he will be with us for another 30 minutes. louisiana. rb on our line for independent. if you are on. go ahead. caller: good morning. i spent three years in the regular army. i am proud to say when i

underwent basic combat training and advanced individual training, they all trained together at that time. you meet all kinds of different people from all walks of life in the u.s. it was a good experience. i am proud of it. thank you. guest: thank you for your service. i can tell you that i enlisted in the army and i went to basic training in louisiana many years ago. i share your exact experience and reflect on that often. the army is a melting pot. the guard is, as well. thank you for your service. host: general was commissioned in 1972 in commanded at the platoon company and battalion level. 119's -- 119th infantry.

he was commander of the task force in croatia. back to the phones. tennessee. martin is on our line for republicans. you are on. go ahead. caller: i would just like to comment -- i noticed you had some desert storm achievements. i would like to congratulate all the members of military in their service, as well. i am thankful that they have such good -- sunday, people like host: martin in tennessee. general, but you plan on making

a trip to the other side and running for office? guest: actually, i plan to retire after this job. actually, i did not serve in desert storm. the service awards that i have are actually from the balkans. i did a couple of tours in the balkans early on in bosnia and kosovar. thank you for noticing. i appreciate your service, as well. host: michigan. gerald, your honor. -- you are on. caller: when they have national guard, i would prefer they have international car that serves throughout the entire world. i would also like to know if we are being double dip, as far as our taxes go, because i'm paying for the soldier in michigan as well as if he goes to the army, and also about the schooling --

i understand a quarter of our people cannot even get into the induction. because they cannot pass the entrance exams. i would like for you to comment on that. thank you. guest: thank you for your service in the navy reserve. to answer your question about eligibility, only about three in 10 are eligible to join the guard based on medical history, education, and based on passing the test, as you mentioned. the recruiting pool is somewhat smaller than one would think and all of the services and all of the reserve components are recruiting out of that same pool. i think i understood a question about military school.

everyone in the army national guard goes to the same schools usually at the same time with their active duty counterparts as well as u.s. army reserve counterparts. an army school is an army school. we all use the same ones. we all have the same education requirements. professional education as we move through the ranks. host: the general is a distinguished graduate of the officer candidates school in north carolina, military academy at fort bragg. specializes in courses of firepower control anti- terrorism, and national security and strategic leadership development. he is a graduate of the u.s. army war powers. north carolina. michael, a retired member of the national guard. you are on. go right ahead. caller: hello. get to see north carolina is

represented. regarding iraq and afghanistan, we had a lot of brigades deploying that were under the u.s. our program saying that they had a -- --usr program saying that they had a certain number of recall. what steps are you going to take that when you call on those states to have the guardsman activated at the upper grade level, when they present that they report to -- guest: michael, thank you for your service and the north carolina national guard. my experience has been, and that was a tag in north carolina

before 9/11. we mobilized almost 20,000 soldiers during my watch. we made sure at the state level that units that we mobilized have the right numbers of people and the appropriate training. we had to cross a lot of people at that time. i think across the nation, the generals in states have been very diligent. there were a few short notice mobilizations back in 2002 and 2003, that we have not quite build up the mobilization station capability to do certain things. but some units did come to the station ill-prepared. both guard in preserved at that time. before they left, they were ready to do the mission. we work through a lot of issues

to make that work. also, it was an evolution from the first mode until the day -- would not recognize the difference in how much we have improved in doing that. that improvement really took hold about the mid-2000's. host: as a member of the national guard, can i go to my commanding officer and say listen, i would like to volunteer to serve in this particular mission or this particular theater or am i only going to be sent when my unit is mobilized? guest: there is a website. we have a web site available for people that want to volunteer to fill positions. we use that website regularly. i cannot remember the acronym for the website. tour of duty or something like that.

it is out there in the it is available for soldiers that want to do additional duty. host: for those looking for information regarding the army national guard, go to arng.army.mil. next up is dead be on our line from democrats calling from new york. -- debbie. caller: it is in the capitol district of new york. host: what is your question or comment? caller: thank you for your service to our country. one comment and one question here my whole family goes back generations being in the army. very proud. i live with a guy who serve in the marines. there is a comedy routine all the time.

from what i understand, the whole premise of the military is to protect this country. i cannot fathom why some branches of service have not been sent to border states to stop the issues. we have a border control agents which cannot shoot even though they are being shot at, but why have an we done that? -- why have we not done that? why have they not been sent to border states? guest: again, the military is an instrument of power that the elected officials can choose to use or not. regarding the border states, we have had people on the border --

i am trying to remember when we first did that, i think since 2004. we currently have soldiers assisting the customs and border patrol today. host: lieutenant general william ingram jr. has been our guest. he is the director of the army national guard and we thank you for being here. if you want more information, go to arng.army.mil. thank you. we want to tell our listeners and viewers about what is coming up on tomorrow's edition of the "washington journal." we start with marvin kalb. he will talk about foreign policy of mitt romney and barack obama. we will also have a discussion with discussionatul grover on

the current doctor shortage in the impact of the affordable care act. we finish up. sandra krebsbach and she will talk about manufacturing and factory workers in the u.s. that is on the rise. in roman at trade school is at an all-time high. that will be up for discussion tomorrow morning on "washington journal." thank you for watching. see you again tomorrow morning at 7:00 a.m. eastern time. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2012] cable satellite corp. 2012]