been working with partners around the world to create a new institution, the nuclear security summit, to keep dangerous materials out of the hands of terrorists. we conducted intensive diplomacy with major powers to impose crippling sanctions against iran and north korea but to enforce those sanctions, we enlisted banks, insurance companies and high-tech international institutions and today iran's oil tankers sit idle and its currency has taken a massive hit. this brings me to return the lever, economics. everyone knows on portended is, but long ago it was thought business grow markets. those who know of they were ever separate have converged. creating jobs at home is now part of the portfolio for

diplomats abroad. they're arguing for common economic rules of the road especially in asia so we can make trade a race to the top, not a scramble to the bottom. we are prioritizing economics in our engagement in every region, like in latin america where we ratified free trade agreements with colombia and panama and we're using economic tools to address strategic challenges, for example, in afghanistan, because along with the security transition and political transition, we are supporting an economic transition that boosts the private sector and increases regional economic integration. it's a vision of transit and trade connections we call the new silk road. a related lever of power is development and we are helping developing countries grow their economies not just through traditional assistance but also through greater trade and investment, partnerships with the private sector, better governance and more participation from women. we think this is an investment in our own economic future and i love saying this because

people are always quite surprised to hear it, seven of the 10 fastest growing economies in the world are in africa. other countries are doing everything they can to help their companies win contracts and invest in emerging markets. other countries still are engaged in a very clear and relentless economic diplomacy. we should, too, and increasingly, we are. and make no mistake, there is a crucial strategic dimension to this development work, as well. weak states represent some of our most significant threats. we have an interest in strengthening them and building more capable partners that can tackle their own security problems at home and in their neighborhoods, and economics will always play a role in that. next, think about energy and climate change. managing the world's energy supplies in a way that minimizes

conflict and supports economic growth while protecting the future of our planet is one of the greatest challenges of our time so we are using both high- level international diplomacy and grass-roots partnerships to curb carbon emissions and other causes of climate change. we've created a new bureau at the state department focused on energy diplomacy as well as new partnerships like the u.s.-e.u. energy council. we've worked extensively with the iraqis to support their energy sector because it is critical to their economy and stability. we have intensified our efforts to resolve energy disputes from the south china sea to the eastern mediterranean. this has been helped significantly by the increase in our own domestic production. as iranian oil has gone offline, other oil has gone

online. levers of power and values we cannot afford to ignore. universal rights exist. governments are obligated to protect them. we're at the front lines of today's emerging battles like the fight to defend the communities and religious minorities wherever and whoever they are. virtually every country that threatens peace is a place where the rule of law is weak. places where women and girls are treated as second class human beings. just ask a woman from pakistan.

as the women who can no longer go to school. the woman in the congo endure rape. the jury is in. if women and girls everywhere were treated as equal to men in rights and opportunities, we would see political and economic progress everywhere. this is not only a moral issue. it is and economic issue and the unfinished business of the 21st century. one of the first things i did was to elevate the office of global women's issue. i am pleased that yesterday the president signed a memorandum making that office permanent.

in the past four years of make a -- [applause] in the past four years, we have made a major push at the united nations to integrate women worldwide. we have seen successes in places like liberia. we have urged leaders to recognize women as equal citizens. we're supporting women entrepreneurs around the world. technology human rights -- i know and not punished here that list and they say, is not all a bit soft? what about the hard stuff? that is a false choice. we need both. i will be the first to

proclaimed loudly that america's military might is and must remain the greatest fighting force in the history of the world. i will also make clear that our diplomatic power, the ability to convene our moral suasion -- we will ensure freedom of navigation in all the world's seas. we will go after al qaeda and its wannabes. we will do what is necessary to prevent iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon. there are limits to what soft power can achieve.

there are limits to what hard power can achieve. it is why i have been talking about smart power. look at our approach to two regions undergoing swift changes. america's expanding engagement in the asia-pacific. adapting our force posture is a key element of our strategy. but so is strengthening our alliances through new economic and security arrangements. we have sent marines but have ratified the korea free trade agreement. we reminded the entire region ofthe irreplaceable role america plays. this so-called pivott has been about creative diplomacy. it elevated a form for engaging

on high-stakes issues like the south china seas. we have encouraged india's look east policy. we have used trade negotiations over the partnership to find common ground with a former adversary in vietnam. our effort has encompassed all the levers of power and more. you could ask a self-declared, how could we approach an issue in the south china sea without a deep understanding of energy politics, diplomacy, smart economics state craft?

think about burma. this took a blend of economic and political tools. the country's leaders wanted the benefits of joining the global economy. they did not want to be an international pariah. we needed to engage with them on many fronts to make that happen while boosting investment in upgrading our diplomatic relations. then there is china. how we deal with one another will define so much of our common future. it is uniquely complex. as i've had high level chinese

leaders quote back to me, we're trying to write new entered to what happens when an established power and a rising power meet. we have to be able to use every lever at our disposal all the time. we cover both traditional issues like north korea and also emerging challenges like climate change, intellectual property concern as well as human rights. this approach was put to the test when we had to keep a meeting of the dialogue on track while addressing a crisis over the fate of a blind human- rights dissident. such an incident not long ago my will have scuttled the talks.

have through confidence- building built enough resilience into the relationship to be able to defend our values and promote our interests at the same time. there will be other tests. we will continue to walk in china's rise if it chooses to play a constructive role in the region. the future depends on our ability to engage across all these issues at once. that is true as well for the middle east and north africa. i have talked about our strategy in this region including at speeches and in my recent testimony before congress. there has been progress. american soldiers have come home from iraq.

people or electing their leaders in egypt and libya. there is a broad coalition to stop muammar gaddafi from massacring his people. and a cease-fire is holding in gaza. all good things but not enough. unifying french companies and building demographic institutions. the impasse shows little sign of easing. the assad regime considers to slaughter its people. iran is pursuing its nuclear ambitions. we continue to face real terrorist threats from yemen and north africa. i cannot pretend that the united states has all the solutions to these problems. we are clear about the future

we see for the -- and the people. where people live in dignity and not dictatorships. there is no doubt getting to that future will be difficult and will require every single tool in our toolkit. you can have a true peace without directing the active conflicts and the underlying causes. you cannot have the prosperity that should be available unless there is a vibrant private sector and good governance. you cannot have truth and security unless leaders start leading, unless country start opening their societies and not shutting off the internet or undermining democracy. building schools and not burning them. there is no dignity in that. there is no future in it either. everything i have discussed and

all that i've led off has -- there is a big challenge of global power and influence to maintain our leadership. but this is an enormous opportunity. the united states is uniquely positioned in this landscape. things that make us who we are are beautifully matched to the demands of this era in this interdependent world. we have to keep pushing forward on this agenda.

consolidate our agenda in the asia-pacific without taking our eyes of the middle east and north africa. keep working to curb the spread of deadly weapons. manage the combat mission in afghanistan without losing focus on al qaeda. pursue an economic agenda that sweeps from asia to latin america to europe. keep looking for the next burmas. they are not any position where we can all applaud the which has begun a process of opening. capitalize and intensify our efforts on climate change.

take on the emerging issues like cyber security across our society. we are the indispensable nation. are the force for peace. we have to get it right. leadership has to be earned by each new generation. the reservoirs' of good will will not last forever. in some places, they are depleted. new generations of young people don't remember gis the breading -- liberating their country or americans saving millions of lives from hunger and disease. we need to look and focus on those issues that matter most to their lives and futures.

the united states is still the only country that has the resolve to rally nations and peoples together, to solve problems on a global scale, we cannot shirk that responsibility. our ability to let alone is unparalleled when necessary. we are surely the indispensable nation. it is recognition of our role and responsibilities. is why all the decline this are dead wrong. the united states must lead in this century even as we lead in new ways.

we know leadership has its cost. we know it comes with risks. recenteen that began in months. leadership is an honor, one that chris stevens and his colleagues embodied. we must strive to be worthy of that honor. that sicker charge has been my number store every day that i served as secretary of state. it has been an enormous privilege, the 7000 in washington in more than 270 posts around the world. they work every day in often dangerous circumstances because they believe the united states is the most extraordinary force

for peace and progress the world has ever known. so today after four years in this job, i say our nation is even stronger. i confidence in our future is as well. i know what it's like when the airplane touches down in some far off capitol can i get to feel the responsibility to represent the world's indispensable nation. i am confident my successor and his successors and all who serve will continue to lead in this century just as we did in the last -- smartly, courageously to make the world more peaceful and more safe and more free. and for that i'm grateful. thank you. [applause]

>> thank you, madame secretary for was to have to say and for the last quarter years. the me ask the first question. he gave a comprehensive talk that touched on many levers and made the case for various forms of our power. is there and obama doctrine or a clinton doctrine that ties together and helps explain what

it is we should do and how we should do it? >> as you can tell, we believe america must continue to be the indispensable nation and the global leader and that requires us to lead alone and to build coalitions and networks that will put responsibility with others and expect them to play their role in a rules based global order. it is not always easy to talk about what we are doing every day everywhere in the world. if you look a what we have done, we have kept faith with that kind of mission. >> all the way in the back. wait for the microphone.

>> i am with nbc television. some of the success is attributed to you is many are fixing the relation with arab and muslim world. look at the statistics, the favoritism is lower compared to the bush administration. what is gone wrong? thank you. >> i have followed closely public opinion and i think it is fair to say the united states for the past decade has not been viewed favorably by a high percentage of the people in

any of the countries in the middle east or north africa for a number of reasons. we have a strong support for israel over the many years. this is not the obama administration, clinton administration. i think it is unfortunate because what the united states stands for is in line with what the arab revolution have been publicly espousing. i think that we have done, and i take responsibility with the government and congress and perhaps the private sector -- we have not done a good job

reaching out in a public media way or culturally to explain ourselves. i am always encountering some many conspiracy theories that are made up stuff that the media promotes about the united states that is untrue. our response is nobody will believe it or we cannot contests it. i think we should be in there every single day. i made a point of reaching out to al jazeera. it was relentlessly negative about us. i said that is inaccurate and deeply unfair. their response was, your government never put anybody on al jazeera.

i said that is going to change. you cannot expect a change unless you're not willing to get off the bench. that is our fault. we in our efforts to support democracy still are held accountable for supporting the government that were there before democracy. you deal with governments of all kinds. highly anyone believes china respects human rights. we did business with other regimes and some of the cause lasting negativity towards us which i thought was unfounded. there are reasons for all the points that you made that go more to the heart of american

values. but we can do a better job in refuting some of what people are led to believe. >> alan foreman with the state department. you have outlined an ambitious program of work for the department of state. tell us about the budgetary that will be required to carry out that agenda? guest: i'm glad he asked the question. with had some success in the first years of my tenure to increase our budgets and our work force to be able to deal with the myriad of challenges

and opportunities we face. we are moving into the budget negotiations and a potential sequestration which will be disastrous. people will focus on what sequestration will mean to the military. hundreds of thousands will lose their jobs. bases will have to be closed. programs will have to be stopped. the defense department will have to say, wristy immediate effect and will not only be about our military might. it will be about the economy. there was a decrease military spending as we get prepared for

this absurd sequestration idea. the state department, we cannot look at military programs that are producing weapons but we can look at people being furloughed. we can look at cutting back on security, has been a challenge we have inherited over the years and which i tried to explain to the congress. can look at the cutbacks in passports the american people deserve us to provide and on and on and on. we are 1/13 of the defense apart and budget. will we do affects americans'. it's not just programs over there. it's what we do it through those programs that make it possible for us to have jobs and

travel easily. thank you for asking. this is a government wide challenge. i was giving a speech in hong kong and all these sophisticated investors and officials were lined up to say, "is the united states going to default on its credit?" i said we will never do that. oh, lord, please be -- [laughter] are we going to have mindless sequestration? are we going to handicap ourselves? i hope not. >> diana? >> center for strategic and

international studies. i think all of us want to say how honored we are to of had you as our secretary. i'll move on to question. for those who served during the cold war, it was easier to identify american interest. we had more of a moral compass. when you talk about protecting and advancing american interests, it is becoming more difficult in identifying american interest in a transnational world and the various vested interest groups. what advice do you have to give to your successors in terms of defining american interest and redefining? guest: that is an excellent

question. protecting america has to remain a core interest. our security is not negotiable. we have to work better on intelligence so we do not make very unfortunate mistakes. security first and foremost. i don't think any official could put anything before that. we need an open transparent free market in which americans are able to compete on a level playing field. we can compete, we often can

win. the deck has been stacked against us in recent years. state owned enterprises or indigenous protections that are behind the borders and so forth. it is in our interest to help write the rules for the 21st century global economy and to think about mechanisms to enforce those rules. we have to continue to events american values which correspond to universal values. i am reminding my counterparts when i talk about freedom of expression, freedom of religion, those are not just american values. the world agreed to those values and we are going to stand up for them.

it is not always easy. we have to pick our time. on the first level, do what we do because it is in our interests. we have to continue to do that. as you got to the second level, how you adapt that to the world of today requires us to be more clever we are trying to do that. countering violent extremism. maybe there are 50,000 violent homicidal extremist in the world. but they are able to maximize their impact and their messaging through the internet. what we have tried to do is to get in there with them, to undermine them and to rebut

them. it is something we did in the cold war. more lessons i think we can transfer from the cold war to today. we don't have some monolithic soviet union. we were engaged in pushing out our ideas and our values, refuting communist propaganda. the cold war ended. "democracy has triumphed. we do not have to do that anymore." that's a terrible mistake. i have tried to convince congress and others if we do not have an up-to-date broadcasting board of governors we should have won at all.

other countries have government messaging that is now predominant in summoning places in the languages of the places. we transport our entertainment around the world, which doesn't always convey our best values. [laughter] we abdicate in investing in it and modernizing what are broadcasting potential could be. are many more examples. if it look at how successful we were in the cold war, we never went to war with the soviet union or stop negotiating with them. we engage in a lot of sophisticated diplomacy around the world. we supported certain people in elections because they were more democratic than other people. we did a lot. we did so much to help those on

the side of democracy and freedom survive beyond the iron curtain. i have a long list of things i would love to see us doing in a modern way that we have not yet adapted to this new time. >>third row. >> immigration reform has been seen as largely a domestic issue. if you could give us your views on what extent immigration reform will help us deal with other countries and to foster u.s. values abroad. >> my last bilateral meeting was yesterday with the new foreign secretary of mexico. we talked about the benefits to

the united states and mexico and all of north america and better integrating our economies, particularly our electricity grid and so much else. immigration reform is the right thing to do for america and for people that are here that have been here for a long time and have made their contributions to this country have been law- abiding and contributing residents. it is to our benefit with our neighbors to the south. what is happened has been a slowing down of immigration from mexico because as our economy was struggling and jobs were not as available and the

mexican economy was growing, people did not come or they went home. to the immigration flows are coming from further south where there's a lot of instability and significant poverty. we have to have this comprehensive immigration reform which means border security and help with border securities further south so we can move on to dealing with the 11 million people who are here and creating some path to citizenship. that will be a huge benefit to us in the region, not just in mexico but further south. at the same time we need to do more on border security and internal security in central america. we should be proud of the role

we played in stabilizing columbia from the drug cartels and the rebels. we have made a lot of progress with mexico. the result that these countries are squeezed. their internal workforce will not have many opportunities once we do immigration reform and once the mexicans get serious about the border. then i think we ought to do more with the central american countries to help them. >> is spoke about the indispensability of american leadership and how the world will be a worse place. their comments about sequestration. are you optimistic about the

policies that will allow us to sustain that kind of leadership? >> absolutely. if you look back, we've done some stupid things. [laughter] with that all kinds of government sponsored or condoned discrimination against all kinds of people. we have made our mistakes. it doesn't mean we're perfect. a're still trying to form more perfect union. look at the sweep of american history. sometimes it takes longer than it should. eventually overcome our discriminatory tendencies and fears. you have to take a longer view.

certainly in my view, that is one for optimism. >> i will simply say that john kerry has some larger manolo blahnik's to fill. thank you, secretary, for everything. >> that was very good. [applause] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2013] >> on friday, an outgoing secretary of state tellurium clinton thing to the status. they were very proud of their work. she served under president obama since january 2009. this is about 15 minutes. [applause]

[applause] >> good afternoon, everyone. madam secretary, four years ago, i stood on this same spot and had the honor of introducing you to the men and women of the department of state. from that first day on, you have touched the lives of millions and millions of people around the world, you have left a profoundly positive mark on american foreign policy, and you have done enormous but for all of us and for the country we served. we will miss you deeply, but none of us -- [applause]

but none of us will ever forget your extraordinary leadership, and each of us will always be deeply proud to say that we served in hillary clinton's state department. [cheers and applause] and so now it's my great honor to introduce one last time, the 67 the secretary of state of the united states for america, hillary rodham clinton. [cheers and applause] >> oh. thank you. thank you. oh. well, just, all of you, the

people i have been honored to serve and lead and work with over the last four years, is an incredible experience. when i came in to this building as secretary of state four years ago, and received such a warm welcome, i knew there was something really special about this place, and that having the honor to lead at the state department and usaid would be unique and singular, exciting and challenging. it has been all of those things and so much more. i cannot fully express how grateful i am to those with whom i have spent many hours here in washington, around the

world, and in airplanes. [laughter] but i am proud of the work we have done to elevate diplomacy and development, to serve the nation we all love, to understand the challenges, the threats, and the opportunities that the united states faces, and to work with all our heart and all our might to make sure that america is secure, that our interests and our values are respected. as i look back over these past four years, i am very proud of the work we have done together. of course, we live in very complex and even dangerous times, as we saw again just

today at our embassy in ankara, where we were attacked and lost one of our foreign service nationals and others injured. but i spoke with the ambassador and the team at there, spoke with my turkish counterpart, and i told them how much we've valued the commitment and their sacrifice. i know that the world we are trying to help bring into being in the 21st century will have many difficult days. but i am more optimistic today than i was when i stood here four years ago, because i have seen a day after day the many contributions that our diplomats and development

experts are making to help ensure that this century provides the kind of peace, progress, and prosperity that not just the united states, especially young people so richly deserve. i am very proud to have been secretary of state. i will miss you, i will probably be dialing ops just to talk. [laughter] i will wonder what you all are doing, because i know that because of your efforts day after day, we are making a real difference. but i lead in this department confident, confident about the direction we have sat, confident that the process of

the qddr, which for the first time has enabled us to ask hard questions about what we do, how we do it, whether we can do it even better, because state and aid always have to be learning organizations. we owe it to ourselves, we owe it to the president, we owe it to the american people. and so i will be an advocate from outside for the work that you continue to do here and at aid. so it has been quite challenging week saying goodbye to so many people, and knowing that i will not have the opportunity to continue to be a part of this amazing team. but i am so grateful that we have had a chance to contribute in each of our ways, making our

country and our world stronger, safer, fairer, and better. those of you who are staying, as many of you will, please know that i hope that he will redouble your efforts to do all that you can to demonstrate unequivocally why diplomacy is right up there with defense. it is because we are united and committed to do whatever is required to fulfill the missions we have assumed as public officials and public

servants. so next week, i would expect that all of you will be as focused and dedicated for secretary kerry as you have been for me, and that you will continue to serve president obama and our nation with the same level of professionalism and commitment that i have seen firsthand. on a personal basis, let me wish all of you the very best, whether you have been here all week, or 30, or even 40 years, pat. [laughter] let me give you the very best wishes that i can, because i am proud to have been a part of you. i leave thinking of the nearly

70,000 people that i was honored to serve and leave as part of a huge extended family, and i hope that you will continue to make yourselves, make me, and make our country proud. thank you all, and god bless you. [cheers and applause]

>> on friday, john carey became the 68 to secretary of state in a low-key swearing in ceremony. -- john kerry became the 68th exec pretoria's state taking the oath from elena kagan be. we will bring in those remarks here on the c-span network and online at c-span.org.

>> on newsmakers, senator chuck grassley talking about this week's hearing on guns, emigration laws, and other topics. today at 6:00 p.m. eastern on c- span. "john mccain's 2000 campaign, when he ran for president, it is the most memorable of any that i have ever covered. we will never see it again. here he was facing george w. bush who had all of the face cards of the republican party backing him, republican governors, all the money. john mccain went out and held a 114 town meetings and he stayed until every question was answered. you see the light bulb going on over people's heads.

when eric going to get a patient's bill of rights? he answered, never as long as my party is owned by the health- care industry. it was just this refreshing candor. it was totally open to the press. there was just a welcomeness no one had seen before or since. >> columnist and political littlest mark shields on the washington press corps and has life in journalism tonight at 8:00 on c-span's q&a. >> you have some hotshot who just got his computer science degree from stanford, he is getting offers from all over the world. it's not really competitive. >> congress can do a lot. >> congress can do a lot.