more and are restricting unites. a lot of people are not joining unions anymore. >> he talked about tax reform a little bit. most other interest your say they wanted and then say they are worried that they can lose some tax breaks. thank you so much to both of you. >> thank you. >> today, mia love. then the statute of rosa parks is dedicated in the u.s. capitol. later, a form of religious liberty from stanford university. on religious liberty from stanford university.

>> went to put them down as undecided. -- we are going to put them down as undecided. [applause] i listen to those comments it struck me what a wonderful thing free speech is. >> donald trump's felt was making the justification for attacking iraq. what you did not hear were questions that we have a chance to ask him, how much money is halliburton going to make? how many u.s. soldiers will be killed? how many iraqi civilians will die that i would like those questions answered. >> tonight at 8:00. >> no. remarks by the republican mayor

of saratoga springs utah. at an one of the speakers in situ that provides economic and political leadership training. this is about 45 minutes. >> what a great reception. i want to try to go by memory. the chairmannk for a premium. please give her a hand.

[applause] and crystal, she is the one who ordinate it all of this. thank you for all her efforts. i'm not the easiest person to nail down on events, but this was really important. she was able to persevere and get me here. and thank you to the board of directors. it is an honor to be here and talk to you today about something that is incredibly important to me. that is our country. my parents immigrated from haiti. they had $10 in their pocket.

my parents worked many jobs to try to make ends meet. theythings got tough, tightened their belts and work even harder. the first day of college, i took my dad with me. he tends to be the fun parent. i took it with me and he was really giddy. not sure if it was because i was a last child he was taking to college or if he thought, my goodness, all my children, first generation graduates. he was incredibly incited and walked around as if he's going to school himself. at one point he looked at me and said, your mother and i did everything we could to get you here today.

we have never taken a handout. you will not be a burden to society. you will give back. they taught me growing up i was not entitled to anything that i did not earn, work for, or pay for myself. [applause] growing up my life was centered around self reliance and filled with all the possibilities of living the american dream. we have to remember what this country is based on an america that i know is based off of. it is based and grounded in patriots and pioneers. it is grounded in the beauty of

our landscapes, the farmers who work them, and the artists who paint them. ours in the entrepreneurs, heroic military, it is in our olympic athletes, and yes, in our children who look at the impossible and say, i can do that. most of all, let us not forget that the american that we know is grounded on freedom. that is what makes up our country. it is interesting because you do not hear that from leaders very much. you do not hear the word freedom. your a lot of slogans like "hope and change." it is a great message because you can fill in the blanks. hope and change can mean anything. hope and change can work for me to, but is not exactly the same message. the messaging that wins right now is not what can you do for your country, but what can government do for you? we have completely shifted. it is not a party shift. it is a complete shift and

principal shift. my parents came from haiti because government was too big and the people were too small. but here people can invest their money in something that can work. free markets -- [applause] when a man or a woman can put on a uniform and go to a foreign land and they sacrifice their lives, what are they doing it for? it is not hope and change.

it is freedom. they know that there is no hope without freedom. that is who we are. that is the america that we know. what is next? we have a president that is elected a somewhat he says and not necessarily what he does or else we would not be in such a mess right now, right? so what do we do? hang our hats and say, it's over? trust me, i have wanted to do that at times, but i have children. i do not have the luxury to do that. what do we do? three things. first, make the choice to get into the fight and know why

you're doing it. [applause] many times you run on slogans and that is fine. i'm not telling you to get rid of slogans. gettingnd why you're into it. ask yourself, if i can accomplish one thing while in office, what would that be? if i have to spend every single political capital that i have, what would i do? what would i do with that effort? as a mayor, i ran on a slogan of building a beautiful city, fiscal discipline, and communication. when i asked myself what i

really wanted to do, it would be to make sure our city was financially stable. i wanted to make sure that the city my children were growing up in was a city that was financially stable. with the national debt and the state debt -- i do not want to put another burden on a local level. the best solutions are found at the local level. saratoga springs was incorporated in 1997. we had two state roads. everything was agriculture. we had our own self-sufficient systems. our city started to grow and grow. we never set a residential tax because we were living off of building permits. [laughter] you ask yourself, how is that sustainable? how does that work? guess what happened in 2008? you can participate. it is ok. housing market crashed.

we went to no money coming into the city. we had to do something that was difficult. we rolled up our sleeves and had to cut spending. let me tell you, it is interesting. i believe i live in one of the red states in the united states. he would not believe how many people who wanted to take my head off. it was insane. he rolled up hours needs and we got rid of as much of spending as possible. i was forced to ask myself three questions every time -- is it affordable? is it sustainable? is it my job? when you ask yourself those questions, it is funny how little you are required to do. right? so, we have to ask ourselves

that question. millionfrom $3.5 shortfall to -- we were able to make sure that safety was paid and utilities was paid and everything was sustainable. it had to be our job. right? imagine if you were able to do that in washington. [laughter] it is not rocket science. you live within your means.

that is what my goal was. guess what? we are financially stable and we are doing well. the people who want to take my head off, they started running as volunteers. it worked out great. [applause] so, know why you're getting into the fight. if you know what you're doing it, you can make a difference. two, messaging and the power of personal touch. know every single one of us have an iphone, an ipad, a blackberry, you name it. we communicate through all of these rings. sometimes it can get us in trouble. i was sitting across the room from a friend of mine who

happens to be a director for the utah department of transportation. we were sitting in a boring meeting. i had to do whatever i could to get through this meeting. he texted me back and forth and apparently he was board also. at one point he told me to do something to shake up the meeting. tell this joke. it will be funny. i meant to text, dare me, and i will. but i ended up texting, date me and i will. [laughter] i did not realize until he looked at me from across the room with this look on his face like -- so i looked down and realized, no! i'm happily married. you will see the r's next to the t's on your phone. it is one of those things where i have to be careful. when it comes to understanding

who you are and reaching people, people are tired. when you need to communicate with someone, that is not the best way to do it. how many of you have gotten a holiday message ss, thank you for everything have done in our lives. love so and so. and you're trying to figure out if it is a group message or if it is just for you. i look for things that say, dear mia. but that is not what we do. there is a little girl that lives with her father in san diego. her father used to take her to the san diego padres game. she loved baseball. her father took her to the game one day. she was so animated that most

people who sat around her watched her more than the game. she was yelling at the players and people in the audience. she was really into the game. andgame started going people got rowdy and probably drinking too much. he brought her into a section that was empty. as soon as they sat down, there was a fly ball. it flew and landed in the section she had just moved from. this young man was talking to this girl and really enjoyed talking to her, caught the ball. everyone can see this on the jumbotron. he walks down to where she is and gave her the ball. on the jumbotron, you can see this little girl blows him a kiss and everyone was into this.

everyone thought it was this sweetest thing. she had this young man sign the ball and she said, thank you. this young girl has three kids now. she is an adult. on her mantle is this ball, signed by a young man that she did not know. never really got to know and doesn't know anything about his family are like, but he impacted her life somehow. that is it power of personal -- that is the power of personal touch. april 1 to know that you know their story and understand the story. even i if you cannot fix it, they want to know that you want to try to fix it. think about how our president got elected. not based on what he has done, but how he makes people feel. the power of personal touch.

the next time you talk to someone, remember their story and retell the story. someone else will see them self in that story. last, but not least, we have to instill confidence and inspire people. we face some serious, daunting problems in our country. the pundits of doom and gloom will tell you that everything is bought. the economy is broken beyond

repair and people are powerless to improve their communities. declineat nation is in and our best days are behind us and not ahead of us. that is what they will tell you, that everything is over. when you look at the constant drumbeat of the negative, you always ask, maybe they are right. even the most positive among us have a hard time waking up in the morning. how many of you felt depressed november 2? yeah, right? what do we do? i'm here to tell you that there is cause for confidence. confidence in leaders that are out there trying. confidence that we can improve our communities. fix the economy and improve the nation for crying out loud, we are the united states of america we have never been a nation of fear. [applause]

at the republican convention, i mentioned that every child who looks at the seemingly impossible says, i can do that. as many of you have children or grandchildren to watch olympic athletes do the impossible and say, i can do that? my son watch the trampling of and and went outside trying to perform everything that they did and thought he could do it. that is what is great. we have to instill confidence. that is the confidence you have to instill that into the american people. confidence is not arrogance. true confidence is being ready for the task and having a solid

plan and having the determination to persevere. it is difficult. manyve to do that all stop people have told me after the campaign that this is not the end. it is just the end of the beginning. there is so much to do. i have confidence that we can fix our nation's problems. we can simple five the tax code and have a budget. we can keep the promises he made for seniors. we can keep the promises. we can make sure that we sacrifice a little so our children will have opportunities to do amazing things. every individual in this country should be able to walk

confidently toward their goals, toward their dreams. i have confidence in the american people. as individuals and as a country, we will not cower in a corner. we will not drudge forward decline. we will not go gently into that good night. we will stand up and stand out as examples of everything that is good and right in this nation. we needed to do that. [applause] seeing you here today, you are my source of confidence. every time i go out and talk to people who are willing to get into the fight, i have a little bit more renewed energy. thank you for that. remember our story. it is a good story. our stories have been told through those who have struggled and strived for better. we have to start our morning today.

remember our stories have been told in small steps in giant leaps, from a woman on a bus to a man with a dream, to the entrepreneurs and innovators of today. you know what that took? choice to get into the fight. messaging and touching people personally. it inspired confidence in us. all of the people who have done amazing things inspired confidence. that is the task we have to accomplish. if you will join me in this fight, i will not give up if you do not. if you will join me, we can add

our voices to this cause. wecan make sure that america know and love is america that our children will have for years to come. god bless you all. thank you for being here and having me. god bless this great country of the united states of america. [applause] thank you. >> will you take some questions? >> sure. >> mayor love has agreed to take some questions. there are a couple of microphones. line up behind them.

when you are recognized, state your name and tell us where you are from. fire away. i thought that was one right there. we will start over here. >> russ farmer from colorado. what is next for me? >> russ, i'm keeping my options open. we have an exploratory and we will see if we can get things going again. not said before, i will give up if you do not give up. i cannot do this on my own. meet as many people behind us possible. we need to make sure that we

have this message of individual liberty and freedom and we are able to make sure that we get out and we inspire people, inspire everyone. i was able to go to the university of chicago the other day. i reminded the students there that tough things come through service. even though they are hard, in the end they are worth it. i pretty much told them i refuse to sit in this mold that society wants me to sit into. [applause] kingne if martin luther decided to sit back and do what society told him to do. if you decided, they know where my place is -- are our battles so different today than they were then? are they so different when we

passed an amendment back then? they are very similar circumstances. i will not give up. that is the answer to your question. we will continue to fight. orwill be out there one way another. >> one criteria when analyzing your budget was asking the question, is it our job to do this? i would love to know plus some of the things you look at but said that was the people's job, not the governments job. in the federal government, i want you to only what are some things that are questioned the same way. >> a great example, two years ago some residents came to me and said, we need a library.

lehigh has a library, egomaniacal library. libraries are all expenditures and no revenue. i have children, a library is appealing to me. i want them to be able to go and find a place where they can read. you have to ask yourself that question. is it affordable, sustainable, is it my job? is it what was elected to do? is it the proper role? so i said, here is what we are going to do. i will do everything i can to help you with a library. if it is truly an essential service, you can do it. so the resident said, all right. we will go out and do everything we can. they collected books, all books.

what they didn't use they repaired and resold. i got private businesses to come in and sponsor the library. the bank of america sponsored the children's library. we were just building a library. we were building a community. people started getting together for the same cause area on monday night, everybody was therefore the library. the library was making a lot of money. we had a movie night. today we have a full-blown library and it is not on the backs of the taxpayers. [applause] and what is interesting, i was there just the other day. my children volunteered to do -- part of the literacy program. a little boy dropped some gum on the carpet and 20 mothers got up and said, you pick that up. i have to fund raise to replace the carpet. [laughter] weis interesting that when work hard and own something, we really put our time and effort area did it is interesting how much people really take care of

what they have worked hard for. [applause] you did ask me one more. what can federal government? it is written right there in the it is written right there in the constitution. i don't know what else to say. it is clear. if they just followed that, we would be ok. [applause] >> welcome to god's country. i'm class of 2013. i would be curious to hear your thoughts on the unique role of women in leadership. >>oh. not ew, but, ooh. [laughter] it is interesting. i believe what may be a better candidate is that i did not need this job. i has been to a sitting right here, i have to give him a hand. he finances everything i do here.

[applause] i would not be able to do what i do if it weren't for that great man we have over there, he feels like through me he is sacrificing also and doing his service. women have a lot to offer. i mean, gosh. i was a pta mom for many years, laminating apples to popsicle sticks. people in the department of education that make over $100,000 while our teachers are making pennies. we go to the doctors office with our kids, we realize that every time we go grocery shopping, less is coming home and the prices are going up. there is a lot for women to be able to offer. just to let you know, i am not one that always stands on the podium and says i am woman, hear me roar.

i consider myself a wife, a mother, a concerned citizen, and american. i think we need to make sure we are not allowing anyone to divide us as people. this whole war on women is absolutely ridiculous. [applause] i need as many people to get involved as possible. that is including moms that want to make sure that their children have an opportunity of reaching their goals. so, thank you. over here. >> bill marshall. on the subject of messaging with a personal touch, when we saw president obama attack the second amendment, he surrounded himself with children. why don't our congressional leaders take a page from that book, when they are discussing the budget and the budget deficit, and the national debt, surround themselves with children and say, you have just

mortgaged the future in each of these taxpaying children is going to inherit $380,000 of debt. >> i have so much to say about that. [laughter] we are playing this game, i realized this in our campaign, also. we are playing this game where we are like, playing by the rules. we are the only ones playing by the rules. [applause] in our heads we think, that is kind of cheesy, i would we use our children even though we are doing everything we can to protect them? i went to -- i woke up one morning and all over the news was plastered, mia doesn't like autistic kids. my opponent got up and went to an autistic kid schools and said, she will eliminate funding for the students. that is what i mean by, they will win at all costs. we have to be smart. when it comes to personal

messaging, yes. i do believe that we have to do what we can to reach people here. maybe that does mean we bring children into it. they are the only ones who don't vote and they'll all suffer the most. we have to be able to speak up for them. as long as we are not doing anything that i believe puts them at risk, or exposing them in inappropriate ways, i think that we do need to make sure we paint a clear picture of who we are affecting here. if you don't care about yourself, care about these kids. i agree with you. but we have to make sure that whatever we do, our principles stay intact. and that we are able to sleep at night. [applause] >> thank you for taking my question. i am from africa. i am pleased to be one of the

participants of this. my question is this. the greatest lesson i have learned from this nation, is one thing, that this nation is built upon one big pillar. and that is, in god we trust. [applause] what do you think about that? and where is that pillar now in this nation? >> thank you. you are absolutely right. i believe the majority of the american people are god-fearing. i know that i have a moral compass that is based on my faith and what i believe in.

i do have to really understand my print titles. the other thing that makes this country great is that you can come here and worship we want to worship and how you want to worship and make sure that we allow people to make decisions. the greatest confusion that people have that i believe has been clouded over is that, we are not supposed to be free from consequences. we are not supposed to be free from failure. that means whether you choose to believe in a god or choose to make choices, whatever your choices are, you have to be able to read the benefits or suffer the consequences. where i want to make sure that i am able to practice my faith, i want to make sure that other individuals can practice their faith. i do believe in a god. i do believe him a i have my faith and i want to sure that i preserve the opportunity to teach my children in my home

when i want them to learn and not have somebody else teach my children whatever it is. understand this, when you get federal government to do one thing, they have the power to do the exact opposite, also. that is why my principles always stay the same. individual choice and liberty, reap the benefits, suffer the consequences. [applause] >> you talk a lot about children and your mother and son who have been involved in pta and obviously mayor of a community. i had just become president of a nonprofit that focuses on educating kids about the u.s. constitution. getting right in the schools, getting the document in the schools, getting them involved in that process because the learning does not just start with lpr, it starts with kids. start and fifth grade, fourth

grade, things like global warming and such. and talk about our founding documents and what it means to be an american at a young age. >> there are a lot of questions in there. [laughter] let me see if i can answer what i think you're asking me. government takeover of education, land, healthcare, regulation, businesses, is very real. as much as you say, they are starting really early, i want you to know, i live in a red state. i children are coming home with articles -- there is one article my child came home with talking about the president's jobs plan.

at the end it said, good jobs plan, the right plan for today. and she -- pretty much, it had an opinion. this is why, when i say limited government, it doesn't mean that you eliminate everything. that is not what it means. it means that everything is applied at the appropriate levels. and education applied of the most local level is the most effective and the best solution that we can have. [applause] when it comes to teaching our youth, we have got to make sure that federal government is not educating our children. that we are educating our children. [applause] that is how we are going to start. if we allow them to educate our children, what next? they will grow up with ideas and thoughts that weren't

necessarily ours. >> thank you for coming. i am a graduate of lpr in 2002. i work for americans for prosperity. one of the questions i have for you is, in 2008, 56% of the women in america voted for the current guy. in 2012, 55% of the current registered women in america voted for the current guy. what do you suggest in regards to, how do we educate women in america that the policies of the last are really not helping us but hurting us? >> it is all messaging. it is all messaging. somehow we have become the non- compassionate, really hard, strict, i don't even know what to say, warmongering party. somehow. the way they were able to do

that is by messaging correctly. they made people vote with their hearts before they voted with their heads. we are trying to reach people's heads first. we are losing. we have to make sure when we get out and talk about people stories. i have heard so many stories about moms and about healthcare and different things that actually fit our message. we have to start telling those stories. how many times -- who remembers joe the plumber? joe the plumber has a name, a face, a voice. our numbers do not have a name. they don't have a face, they don't have a voice. what we need to do is start taking individual stories and start telling those stories. does that make sense gecko it is all about messaging. if we are able to get people here, they will make the decision there. >> thank you, you motivate all of us. >> thank you.

>> thank you for coming out. i am a graduate of the class of 2010. i got my funny last name in the soviet union. your story really resonated with me. i appreciate the immigrant parents. help one day my daughter stands on stage and is able to talk about how her parents taught her the value of hard work and dedication. my question to you is this, as conservatives, we can't offer outcomes. only opportunities. the flipside of opportunities is failure. our competition is offering outcomes. we promise you a safe, risk-free world. we can't. we can give you the possibility of your dreams. we can deliver them for you. how do we message that and make it appealing?

>> there is the rub right there. one of the things we need to do is get back to the core beliefs. in other words, how can somebody be independent and free when they are completely dependent on a federal government? when i start talking about certain things like this on the road, i talk about, we are fighting the same battles we fought during the 13th amendment. instead of being enslaved by a plantation owner, now all americans are becoming enslaved by the federal government. what is happening is that, if you cannot provide for yourself, if you're not able to make decisions for yourself, you will never be able to reach your potential or opportunity. the policies that we create today take everyone and bring them to the lowest common denominator. when free markets and freedom does the opposite. it takes everyone from the

lowest denominator and brings them up. so, it is one of those things that i believe is very difficult. again, i will go back and talk about individual stories. the reason why my story resonates, because it is real. people like you can see yourself in my story. when i talk about other people and their stories, someone out there can see themselves in that story. if you want your children, i always say, if you want them to have a better life than you have had, you have got to be able to make mistakes. you have got to be up to fail. my father failed many times. but he got back up. through that, i am learning. this is not about freedom from failure. it is about having the opportunity to reach your full potential. it is a difficult message, but we have got to get out and talk about individuals and their problems.

and how they can make their lives better. >> thank you. >> thank you. [applause] >> and ted vail, lpr class of 2009. i am a business person here in colorado. i had the privilege of spending on most a decade overseas, starting businesses in developing countries. you have a unique background and perspective on the following -- what is our role as a country in helping other countries, other people, who we a lot of money into developmental aid, and sometimes one wonders where our principles are in that. what is your perspective yucca >> that's really interesting. during the earthquake in haiti, i still have family members there. i am glad this is the last question. i wanted to say something about that. during that time, i was getting messages through family members of the situation down there.

i want you to know that i know more people in the state of utah that went to haiti to help and i know people in haiti. here is the thing. we as americans have given more voluntarily than any other country. do i believe we have an opportunity to care for those who cannot care for themselves? yes. do i believe that we should, if we have the resources, to help our neighbors who are suffering, should we do that? yes, i did. but the day that we decide that we need federal government to force us to do that is the day that we decide to decline as a society. a day we decided to be less american. [applause] that is not who we are. in my city, we dealt with a fire that burned 6000 acres, and then

a flood red after that. we had 22 homes devastated. i could show you pictures. water from the bottom up. everybody was asking us questions. are you going to call fema, what are you going to do? if there was ever a day when i just wanted to throw my hands up and say, $830 a month is just not worth it. that would have been it. my husband was in the basement shoveling, so is everybody else. the next morning after the flood i got up, went over and 5000 people showed up to much shoveling mud out of basement. when they asked me that question, what are you going to do? is fema going to come help yucca i said, we are going to have this cleaned up before washington realizes we are on

the map. [applause] through volunteer efforts, we were able to clean up the basement in three days. we were able, through our own efforts, fundraising help people repair. hard work, education, thrift, savings will take us far beyond what any government program can ever promise. following -- volunteer work. that is who we are. that is what we need to remind people how we are going to get back on our feet. thank you so much. i really appreciate it. go out there, work hard, don't leave me out there alone. [laughter] [applause] [captioning performed

by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2013] [applause] >> an update on lawmakers work on immigration agreement. a number of senators have appeared on the sunday talkshow saying saying that a deal is at hand, including arizona republican jeff flake and jewel schumer. .- jewel schumer in an article by the washington post, lindsey graham said there is an agreement in concept but it has yet to be written up. it could be rolled out next week. marco rubio of florida says he is encouraged by the progress but that there is no final agreement between the groups involved and must be properly

submitted for the america people's consideration through the 92 senators from 43 states that have not been part of the initial drafting process. you can read his entire statement that he released on his website. next on c-span, a statue of rosa parks was unveiled and dedicated in the u.s. capital, followed by a religious liberty clinic at stanford university. it later, a discussion on electronic privacy and advertising. >> this year, we received a record 1893 entries from over 100 students in steep -- in c- span's student video competition. watch the top videos with their message to the president daily on c-span. see all of the winning documentaries online. in the u.s. capital where rosa parks became the first african-american woman to

have a statue dedicated in her honor their. president obama and leaders in congress make remarks during the ceremony. >> ladies and gentlemen, please welcome our honored guests, members of the house of representatives, the senate, the speaker of the house of representatives, and the president of united states. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the speaker of the united states house of representatives, the honorable john boehner. [applause]

>> good morning and welcome to the united states capitol. this is a red letter day for the american people, and i am glad you are all here and are taking part in the celebration. since the era of reconstruction, this chamber, which once was the hall of the house of representatives, has become home to statues sent by the states. today, we gather to dedicate a national statue of the late rosa parks in recognition of her many contributions to this nation and to the cause of freedom. it is the first statue of an african-american woman to be placed in this capital. [applause]

we are honored to be joined by the president of the united states and members of his and ministration -- his administration. [applause] this is a homecoming of sorts for mrs. parks, who for more than 20 years was an assistant to representative john conyers of michigan. [applause] i want to thank all of the members of congress who are here and work to make this day possible. also with azar eugene dolled -- eugene dalb, the sculptor, and

the codesigner of the statue. [applause] it is safe to say this was not just any project. these gentlemen rose to the occasion. gentlemen, please stand to be recognized. [applause] to unveil the statue, we will be joined by sheila keyes and alain steele, a longtime friend. and cofounder of the rosa and raymond parks institute for self development. thank you both for joining us and thanks to all of the civil rights guests who honor us today with your presence. every now and then, we have got to step back and say to ourselves, "what a country."

this is one of those moments. all men and women are created equal, but as we will hear during the ceremony, some grow to be larger than life and to be honored as such. welcome. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, please stand for the presentation of the colors by the united states armed forces color guard, the singing of our national anthem, and the retiring of our colors.

♪ oh, say, can you see by the dawn's early light what so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming whose broad stripes and right stars -- right stars through the perilous fight o'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming and the rocket's red glare

the bombs bursting in air gave proof through the night that our flag was still there o, say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave o'er the land of the free and the home of the brave ♪

>> ladies and gentlemen, please remain standing as the chaplain of the united states us senate gets -- gives the invocation. >> let us pray. oh mighty god, sovereign of our nation and lord of our lives, thank you for this opportunity to place a statue in the us capital building that honors a gifted, courageous and talented woman, rosa louise arcs -- parks.

we praise you, lord, with infusing her with the resolve to sit down so that millions could stand up, helping to launch a nationwide effort to end the segregation of public facilities. we are grateful for her commitment to bring deliverance to those held captive by injustice, to restore the sight of the ethically and morally blind, and mend the wounds of those hurt by the sins of omission and those who fail to act. mayor life and legacy inspire us to courageously tackle the challenges of our times,

laboring to ensure justice will roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream. we pray in your sovereign name. amen. [amen] >> please be seated. ladies and gentlemen, please remain seated for the unveiling of the statue.

[applause] ladies and gentlemen, the statue of rosa parks. [applause]

ladies and gentlemen, the united states army corps -- united states army chorus. ♪ heaven ring bring with the harmonies of liberty ♪ [chorus singing]

♪ [chorus singing]

♪ [chorus singing]

[applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the assistant democratic leader of the united states house of representatives, the honorable james clyburn. [applause] >> enqueue. -- thank you. mr. president, speaker boehner, leader pelosi, leaders reid and mcconnell, friends, colleagues, ladies and gentlemen.

this is a good time and a great place to honor the most honorable woman. this year marks the 150th anniversary of the signing of the emancipation proclamation which jumpstarted a march to freedom for many, who while in servitude built this great edifice. this year is also the 50th anniversary of the march on washington. it was a watershed event in our quest for human dignity. rosa parks, the first lady of civil rights, the mother of the movement, the saint of an endless struggle, however one wished to refer to her, the statue. forever ordains rosa parks as an icon of our nation's struggles till about its declaration that

we are all created equal. one hour ago, i sat across the street witnessing the opening arguments in the case before the united states supreme court, the case many feel could turn the clock back on much of the progress that has been made and for which we pause today to honor rosa parks. the struggle goes on. the movement continues. the pursuit is not over. to honor rosa parks in the fullest manner, each of us must do our part to protect that which has been gained, defend the great document upon which

those rains were obtained, and will continue our pursuit of a more perfect union. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the democratic leader of the united states house of representatives, the honorable nancy pelosi. [applause] >> good morning. mr. president, leader reid, eater macconnell, mr. speaker, members of the house and senate, distinguished guests. thank you, mr. speaker, for making this day possible. [applause] one distinguished guest who is

not with us or maybe has come late to john lewis. we are on the steps of the supreme court earlier this morning. mr. clybourn stated until this start of the program -- the start of the program. it is an honor to sit in the congress of the united states to john lewis. [applause] and it is a joy to be here to honor rosa parks. when rosa parks was a little baby, her mother sang her the hymn "o freedom, let it ring." she heard that song in church. it would become the anthem and mission of her life. rosa parks would say i would like to be remembered as a person who wanted to be free and wanted other people to be free. rosa parks is being remembered with this statue in the capital,

but this is not the first time her greatness has been recognized here. she has many connections to congress. she is no stranger to these halls. she was recognized with a congressional gold mumble -- gold-medal and strapped with the title "mother of the modern civil rights movement." with the words "quiet strength, dignity, encourage your co-shia personal -- and courage." for 18 years, she was an assistant to john conyers. [applause] they worked together to advance the cause of civil rights and equality. we always ask john conyers to tell us stories about rosa parks. one that i think that is appropriate at this time is john

conyers first met her when he was just out of school. he traveled south to join the civil rights movement after law school and he met her then. she worked on his first campaign. she would later become his first congressional higher, the first hire, the first her city hired on his congressional staff. ready soon, john conyers found out that pretty soon, john conyers found out that people were visiting the office to see rosa parks and not john conyers. [laughter] how about this mr. president? one day she went to him and said she wanted to thank him for allowing her to be honored all over the country and would be willing to take a pay cut for time away from the office. [laughter] because of the leadership of the congressional black caucus and that of leader reid, rosa parks was the first woman to lie in

state in the rotunda of the capitol of united states -- of the united states. [applause] on her birth, her mother had song of letting freedom ring. how proud her mother would be to see her baby eulogized at her passing by two presidents, former president clinton and future president barack obama. [applause] imagine that. i had the privilege of speaking at her funeral, too. but what can you say in the company of that greatness? what i said was that legislation had been introduced by jesse jackson junior and senator john kerry to put a statue of rosa parks and the capital of the united states. [applause] -- in the capital of the united

states. [applause] to place the statue of rosa parks in the capital of the united states. [applause] i got an uproarious reaction to it. what can you say among presidents, past and future, preachers from all over the country? a statue. i promised them that the legislation would pass, and quickly. that funeral was november 2, and on december 1, president george w. bush signed it into law. [applause]

50 years to the day that rosa parks sat down on the bus and -- in montgomery, alabama. 50 years to the day. [applause] rosa parks should feel right at home in the capital, joining sojourner truth, dr. martin luther king and many other american heroes. she will inspire all who walked these halls, especially young people, with her quiet strength, her pride, her dignity, her courage. i told you she was recognized by congress and friends of congress. now i would like to share with you comments from one of my invited to get. the race all great, willie mays baseball great, willie mays. these are the same injustices that rosa parks did when he was growing up. he could not be here today but sent a letter and said i could share these words about her. he said more than this, and i gave the complete letter to

roses. -- rosa's nice -- niece. he said, change does not happen fast. one person's actions inspiring another. she simply did what was natural. she was tired so she sat down. that simple act sparked outrage. that outrage spread, and one person's actions inspired change. we will try to remember to encourage change when served justice. today, we will remember with admiration the simple act of a brave woman. we will remember, we will honor, rosa parks. lovely words from a fellow alabama and -- alabaman, all- american icon, willie mays. her bravery, serving justice, and inspiring change, may this statue long be a tribute to her

strength and spirit, the legacy and leadership areas may god bless the memory of rosa. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the republican leader of the united dates senate, the honorable mitch mcconnell. [applause] >> mr. president, you honor us with your presence. thanks for being here. [applause] speaker boehner, leader reid, leader policy, members of the parks family, distinguished guests and friends, we gather here today to remember a woman whose legacy has already outlived her time among us.

we honor her, not only with our presence, but with this permanent win minor of the cause reminder of the she embodied. with this statue we affirm that the courage and the cause of rosa parks not only earned her a place in the hearts of all americans, but a permanent place among the other figures in the fall -- in this hall of national memory. rosa parks may not have led us to victory against the british, she did not give a single speech in the senate or the house am a poor blast off into space, or point the way west in the western wilderness. yet, with quiet courage, and unshakable resolve, she did something no less important on a cold, alabama evening in 1955.

she helped unite the spirit of america. which the founders so perfectly expressed in the opening words of the declaration of independence. would the form of government they so brilliantly outlined in our constitution. for some, rosa parks served as an inspiration to stand up against injustice. for others, she was spurred to reflection and self realization. she had the ideals of freedom, democracy, and constitutional rights with the reality of life as others lived it. as president bush put it upon signing the bill that authorized the statue, she set in motion a national movement for equality and freedom.

which is why we are here today. rosa parks is often portrayed as a quiet, unassuming figure. she lives in america's collective memory, in a pair of rimless lasses -- glasses, hair pulled back, neatly dressed in a simple hats and dress or scaring stoically ahead in that famous photo as prisoner 7053. we should not let that overshadow her tenacity. this was a woman who paid her own way through school by cleaning classrooms when she was just a child. a woman who was so determined to exercise her civic freedoms that she took the segregationist era literacy exam. a test designed to keep so many african-americans before her from registering to vote. not once, or twice, but three

times. until she passed it. today as americans, we are united in reimagining rosa louise parks, clutching her purse in those tense moment as montgomery city bus number 2857 rolled down cleveland avenue. we are reminded of the power of simple acts of courage. on an otherwise ordinary evening in montgomery, she did the extraordinary by simply staying put. in the process, she helped all of us discover something about ourselves. and about the great region through -- regenerative capacity of america. we have the ability as a nation

to recognize past mistakes. we have had the strength to confront those mistakes. it has always required people like rosa parks to help us get there. as of the changes she helped set in motion, entire generations of americans have been able to grow up in a nation where segregated buses only exist in museums. where children of every race are free to fulfill their god-given potential. and where this simple carpenters dr. -- daughter from tough lady herm tuskegee could become a o. what a story, what a legacy, what a country. thank you. [applause]

>> ladies and gentlemen, the majority leader of the united states sent it -- senate, the honorable harry reid. >> 100 years after rosa parks was born, more than half a century after she sparked the civil rights movement, the united states is still striving to ensure every american is not only created equal by god, but treated equally in the world. as america shapes its future, struggles with its past, a past in which equality was our principal, but not always our practice, two of the best motion picture's this year were nominated for academy awards. "lincoln" and "django unchained" offered cinematic treatments of our nation and slavery. one film provides a view of the evils of slavery. the other depicts our difficult journey to end it.

150 years after president lincoln signed the emancipation proclamation, we are still considering, in film, in photo, in art, in activism, how to eradicate slavery's unsavory successors. racism and in the quality. -- inequality. in the doorway to my office, i have a doorway to the president in the oval office. let me tell you why it is there. i got up to read the newspaper, and i saw this picture in the "washington post" that appeared all over the country. we have these wonderful military officers who serve in the honor guard in the white house. rest in the fancy uniforms, they serve their tour of duty, and traditionally what happens is the president invites them into the oval office office. the officer and his family. this officer was invited with

his wife and two children. he, as an american -- african american, are his children and wife. the picture was not posed. the photographer did not have time to take the picture that he wanted. this little boy, jacob, said to the president, this innocent little boy, said to the president of the united states the president could not hear him. he said, what did you say buddy? he said, can i fill your hair? i am sure this boy had been teased at school because of his hair. so the president leaned over, and this angelic child is feeling his hair. when he finished, he looked up at the president of the united states and said, it is just like mine. [applause]

i show that picture to everyone coming to my office in the entryway. even today, after months and months, the signed picture the president give to meet causes me to shed a tear. to me, it is a potent reminder that although our journey is not over, this country has come far in its short history toward righting injustice and living up to its founding principles. without the sacrifices of rosa parks, this presidents' day, this photograph, so much of the progress we have made to perfect our union would not have been possible. today, our nation pays enduring tribute to the woman who moved the world when she refused to move her seat. [applause]

>> ladies and gentlemen, the speaker of the united states house of representatives, the honorable john boehner. [applause] >> i want to thank all of you for joining us in this wonderful ceremony today. in many ways, the statue speaks for itself. which is a blessing, because no words could do justice to rosa parks. here in the old hall as she casts an unlikely silhouettes. unassuming and a lineup of proud stairs. challenging all of us once more to look up and draw strength from stillness. as a child, rosa parks was shy, reserved, at least on the outside. on the inside, she was absolutely absorbing the gospel.

listening closely to god. who, as she said, was everything to me. through every ordeal, she would repeat some scripture to herself area at from corinthians, we were all made to drink from one spirit. from luke, the parable of the persistent widow who prays and craze for an unjust judge until finally he sees the light. when warned that she would be arrested, rosa parks did not have to look for a far for courage. she did not have to look anywhere. i felt determination, over my body, like a quilt on a winter night. humility is not compatible with bravery.

we put god before ourselves when we make in god we trust not just a motto, but a mission, as rosa parks did every burden can be today we speak for a nation committed to remembering, and more importantly, emulating rosa parks. so we place her here in the chamber where many fought to prevent a day like this. right in the gaze of jefferson davis, the president of the confederacy. it rings to mind -- brings to mind lady liberty herself, rising woman the titans of finance and presiding over new

york harbor. clear for all to see. when these trappings of ceremony come down and people from all walks of life and back round and beliefs passed through here, some to cast a vote, some on a tour, the ordinary route, but one that have a century ago would have been improbable. i can think of no more perfect way to capture the vision of a more perfect union than to which ms. bartz has already started. -- ms. parks has already started. it is my honor to except the statue of rosa louise parks, a lady liberty for our time and all-time. with that, it is my pleasure to introduce the president of the united states. [applause]

>> thank you. thank you very much. mr. speaker, leader reid, mcconnell, leader pelosi, leader cliburn, friends and family of the distinguished guests rather tear today. this morning, we celebrate the seamstress, slight in stature, but mighty in cordage. --courage. she defied the odds and injustice.

she lived a life of activism but also a life of the nifty and grace. -- dignity and grace. in a single moment, with the simplest of gestures, she helped change america and the world. rosa parks held no elected office. she possessed no fortune. she lived her life far from the formal seats of power. today, she takes her rightful place among those who have shaped this nation's course. i think all those persons, in particular the members of the congressional black caucus, both past and present, for this moment possible. [applause] a childhood once -- friend once said about ms. parks, nobody ever cost her and got away with it. -- bossed her around and got away with it. that is what an alabama driver

learned in 1955. 12 years earlier, if he had kicked her off his bus simply because she entered through the front door when the back door was too crowded. he grabbed her sleeve and pushed her off the bus. it made her mad enough, she would recall, that she avoided writing his bus for a while. -- riding his bus for a while. when they met again that evening in 1955, rosa parks would not he pushed. the driver got up from his seat and insist that she give up hers, he would -- she would not be pushed. when he threatened to have her arrested, she simply replied, you may do that. and he did. a few days later, rosa parks

challenged her arrest. a little-known pastor, new to town and only 26 years old, stood with her, a man named martin luther king jr.. so did thousands of montgomery, alabama commuters. they began a boycott, teachers and laborers, clergy and domestics, through rain and in sweltering heat, day after day, week after week, month after month, walking miles if they had to. arranging carpools where they could. not thinking about the blisters on their feet. the weariness after a full day of work. walking for respect. walking for freedom.

driven by a solemn determination to affirm their god-given dignity. 380 five days after rosa parks refused to give up her seat, the boycott ended. black men and women and children reid boarded -- re- boarded the buses of montgomery, newly re-segregated. they sat in whatever seat happened to be open. [applause] entireat victory, the edifice of segregation, like the ancient walls of jericho, began to slowly come tumbling down. it has been often remarked that rosa parks's activism did not begin on that bus. long before she made headlines,

she had stood up for freedom, for equality, fighting for voting rights. rallying against discrimination in the criminal justice system. serving in a local chapter of the naacp. her quiet leadership would continue long after she became an icon of the civil rights movement. working with congressman to find homes for the homeless. youthing disadvantaged for a path to success. striving each day to write some wrong -- right some wrong, somewhere in this world.

and yet, our minds fasten on that single moment in the bus. ms. parks, alone in that seat, clutching her purse, staring out a window. waiting to be arrested. that moment tells us something about how change happens or does not happen. the choices we make or don't make. for now, we see through a glass. scripture says, and it is true. whether out of inertia or selfishness, out of fear or a simple lack of moral imagination, we so often spend our lives excepting injustice -- accepting injustice, rationalizing inequity, tolerating the entire liberal

tolerating be intolerable. but like the passengers on the bus, we see the way things are and -- r, children hungry in the land of plenty, entire neighborhoods ravaged by violence, families hobbled by job loss or illness, and we make excuses for inaction. and we say to ourselves, it is not my responsibility. there is nothing i can do. rosa parks tells us, there is always something we can do. she tells us, we all have responsibilities to ourselves and to one another. she reminds us that this is how change happens.

not mainly through the exploits of the famous and powerful. but through the countless acts of often the anonymous courage and kindness and fellow feeling and responsibility that continually expand our conception of justice. our conception of what is possible. rosa parks cingular act of disobedience launched a movement. the tired feet of those who walked the dusty roads of montgomery helped a nation see that to which it had once been blind. it is because of these men and women that i stand here today. it is because of them that our children grow up in a land more free and more fair. a land truer to its founding creed.

that is why this statue belongs in this hall. to remind us, no matter how humble or lofty our positions, just what it is that leadership requires. just what it is that citizenship requires. rosa parks would have turned 100 years old this month. we do well by placing a statue of her here. honor can do no greater to her memory then to carry for the power of her principal, and courage born of conviction. may god bless the memory of parks, and may god bless

the united states of america. [applause] >> please be seated. unitedand gentlemen, the states army chorus. ♪ america, america god spread his grace on thee o beautiful, for spacious skies

for amber waves of grain for purple mountains majesty among the fruited plain ♪ america, america god shed his grace on thee and crown thy good with brotherhood from sea to shining sea ♪

♪ [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, please stand as the chaplain of the united dates house of representatives, the reverend patrick conroy, gives the benediction. >> let us pray. we give you thanks, almighty god, for your gift to our nation of rosa parks. you're good and faithful servant. one of the finest citizens of

montgomery, she took a heroic stand by sitting. her prophetic action, one among so many during an oddly greatest time -- oddly-grace time during our american history, change the course of has lived on as it our continent. a central catalyst in the which came to define the civil rights era, or cause lay deep in the record of so many racial injustices. now, this congress, united as once it was, when honoring her with the congressional gold medal, honors the mother of the modern-day civil rights movement with this statue. wewe leave this lace, may never forget the incredible bravery and sacrifices of those

like rosa parks who call us to greatness as american citizens. give us the grace, oh god, to remain vigilant in guaranteeing that no person in our great land should ever suffer injustice, like so many of our national heroes and heroines once did. amen. >> ladies and gentlemen, please remain at your seats for the departure of the official party. following the departure of the official party, guests are invited to form a viewing line to pass the statue at felipe hall. additional instructions will be

provided to our guest at the capitol visitor center. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2013]

stanfordn c-span, the university religious liberty clinic. later, the supreme court or a argument from last week on california same-sex marriage ban. >> but she should tyler becomes the first lady. but she passes away just one and a half years later. madonnank of her as the of first ladies. she had actually posed as a model at a time when that was needless to say frowned upon. wasll accounts she bewitching. she certainly be which john

tyler. who married her. being first lady. who toldes joy tyler the marine band to play hail to the chief. she greeted her guests seated on a throne of a raised platform with purple plumes in her hair. it is almost as if she retreated to that more queenly role that marcia washington had deliberately rejected. at 8:00y night, live eastern, on c-span and c-span 3. also on c-span radio and c- span.org. >> next a discussion about religious freedom in the u.s., including the right to wear religious clothing at work. on the mandate for employers

covered contraception. from stanford university law school, this is one hour 25 minutes. start?e could could we start bal? -- could we start now? >> first of all, welcome to our panel here. more importantly, the inaugural event of the first law school clinic on religious liberty. i am not a judge, but if i was, i would have been banging my gavel, but we are here and we have started her, and let me say before i have an opportunity to introduce the panel, that it is

a true pleasure to be here and true honor to be present for this occasion just by way of personal anecdote, to get a sense of why what we are doing is so important here, my first job was built on a dare. card a thriving baseball business going up, buying and selling them. i never got a summer job because i was making more money buying and selling baseball cards to my little friends. when i was about 15, a work colleague of my father said, you will never ever get a job at mcdonald's because of your turban. i said, you are wrong.

i can get a job at mcdonald's. based on a dare, i give up my lucrative baseball business and work for mcdonald's. low and behold, two weeks later, i was indeed fired. it was not for the reason you might think or that we feared. what happened was during a low in the afternoon shift, i had a big mac sauce fight with one of my co-workers. and i was fired. [laughter] that said, the concern my community had with regards to the interception of the expression of their faith in the public square, are very real issues. the very real issues here in the united states today that still exist and having this law school in a wonderful marriage fund, the gold standard

meets the gold standard, and they had a baby called the religious liberty clinic with jim over there, it is quite a marriage and bodes well. i welcome you here. i am very honored to be here. let me introduce the panel and we will hand it off. immediately to my left is a name everyone knows. the professor's bio is there for you. i will not read from it. i am all struck as a law student. a long time ago, i did read his articles. mine was on religious liberty, a legal clinic we had to take to graduate and write a paper. at the time, the act was still more than the federal government. i wrote my paper about that and read some of his comments on it. it is a pleasure sitting on the panel of someone i read when i was in law school. the second to my left is judge bea. i will not read his bio but it is very inspirational to know is in a position he is in

now. speaks to the strength of our country that we can incorporate and elevate americans of any background and make them a part of the decision makers in our society. two to my left is hanna's smith. i will say this. i read her bio. let me say this about this clinic and the work with religious liberty. i am a sikh who happens to be liberal.

let me say this. in this work, there are many issues -- and it is not like this in the rest of washington -- that progressives and conservatives agree on. there are many issues. the beauty of the marriage between my organization and the fund is we found those intersections and we worked hard together. having hannah and being able to work with someone like her is part of the work with the fund speaks to the strength of

people being able to find ways they agree, taking religious liberty and lifting all of our boats by fighting for one community. more to my left, rabbi meir soloveichik. i will say this. i had a chance to read his indication he gave at the republican national convention. if you have not had a chance, it is not in the bio, but it is worth looking up. it speaks to values of liberty that impacts us all. it is quite inspirational. finally, all the way at the end is the proud papa and proud mama. our hopes are with him and his leadership of the clinic. i am so happy he is here. i will hand it off to judge bea. >> thank you very much. i am very happy and honored to be here to inaugurate the religious liberty clinic with a distinguished panel of knowledgeable speakers. the clinic in this area is needed to clarify through litigation.

at least one area of religious questions and the display of religious subjects in the public area, the public square. a year ago, justice thomas highlighted the apparently confused state of supreme court jurisprudence in this area and the denial of the utah highway patrol association vs. american atheists. he wanted the court to grant to clear up as far as the crosses placed along utah highways to commemorate fallen troopers, whether the lemon test should apply to religious displays in public areas. he said, since the inception of the endorsement test, we have

learned a nativity scene displayed on government property violates the establishment clause. except when it does not. he was referring to the nativity scene unconstitutionally placed in the courthouse that was an issue in the aclu case. inconstitutionally placed the rhode island park. he went on to say they display the 10 commandments on government property and that also violates the establishment clause except when it does not. a text was hung in the courthouse in mccrery, and it was unconstitutionally. and a slab place in the public

park was constitutional. finally, he said, a cross displayed on government property violates the establishment clause held here in utah, except when it does not. the cross is on county seals and buildings and they were unconstitutional. a cross sculpture outside the city's complex and ural crosses on the school wall was constitutional. there was hope on the cross issue that it might be cleared up in a case that involved an 8 foot tall cross in the middle of the federal park. until the land was sold to a veterans' organization. a cross by the side of a public

highway marking the place where a state trooper perished was said to need not be taken as governmental support for beliefs. forcase was remanded further proceedings. i commiserate with justice thomas that the utah highway case was for a totally different reason. on like justice thomas, i was able to see quite clearly the reason why apparently conflicting decisions were reached in the 10th amendment and cross cases. i am surprised the line drawn in those cases has not been commented on. it is all quite simple if you

just pay attention to the facts. the prohibited need to be seen was in the courthouse. in the other, it was in the park. the 10 commandments, it was in the county courthouse, and that it was in the park. crosses, they were inside county courthouses, while the others were outside. this led to a bright line of authority which lawyers could advise clients and judges to decide cases. if it were constitutional. [laughter] under a roof, it was unconstitutional. thank goodness the role is not completely abandoned by the courts. we are told it is not a decision of merits and does not not completely abandoned by the courts. we are told it is not a decisioncreate precedents.

i am here to urge the religious liberty clinic to litigate to a clear determination, does the rule still stand? [laughter] i will now call upon each of the panel members in the order in which they were introduced and i will speak for approximately 10 minutes. then we will open up, if we have time, to the rest of the people here to ask questions. professor mcconnell. >> thank you. one of the most revealing an inspirational moment around the founding occurred in philadelphia in celebration of the ratification of the constitution. the city decided to hold a great public festival in honor of the ratification. there was, of course, food

involved. so they had tables of food to ease the occasion. theg the tables of food at public celebration was a table of food appropriate for the jewish residents of philadelphia, a table of kosher food. i think this event is emblematic of something that was in the united states other previous nation. we were not the first place to have some kind of religious freedom, but this public

celebration in philadelphia shows what kind of religious freedom was going to be enjoyed in the united states. first of all, it is one based upon principles of inclusion. it is welcoming. it is not mere toleration. it is not that we have some officially dominant group, although, demographically, there was a dominant group. not officially and not publicly. the others are not just tolerated but are welcome, are fully part of the event, and secondly, this is in public. there have been regimes in which the freedom of religion is understood to be a completely private matter. in the statement by mendelssohn, in connection with france, he said to be a citizen in the streets but a jew at home, but that is not the message you get from the stable of kosher food in philadelphia. it is ok to be a jew in public, too. it is not a matter of to the private.

the spirit of freedom is perhaps unique to the united states in the world, but even with that kind of sounding, and even with the amendment tofirst things have not always been so happy, and especially not always so happy for minorities in america. he was not then chief justice but the man who was going to become chief justice of the supreme court fought on the convention to exclude roman

catholics. it was a big fight. he was defeated alternately, but that was an attempt, and it was not long after, and that was a time when catholics constituted less than 1% of the population of the united states and were no threat out all. as larger numbers of roman catholics came to these shores, especially from ireland but also from other places in conflict between protestants became much more severe.

in one famous decision, a 12- year-old public school boy was beaten with a cane, because he refused to recite the words of the lord's prayer from the protestant version of the king

james bible. when the people of the school board, the government of philadelphia voted to allow roman catholic students from the public schools to use their own version of the bible, and riots broke out in philadelphia, and the catholic church was burned down. in the wake of the civil war, the president of the united states made a speech to an important political event in which he said now that the civil war is over, the great divide is going to be between between superstition on the one side and enlightenment on the other, and he meant the divide between roman catholics and protestants. and as the 19th century wore on, normans became one of the major targets. they were on the verge of attacks. the entire country was in salt

lake city preparing to attack mormons in utah, and had it not been for the civil war breaking out and those troops were wanted elsewhere company the wars would have started, and as the century wore on, congress voted to disband the church and sees all its property. one of the most ironically named cases in the history of the supreme court toward the end of the 19th century is the case called the late church of jesus christ of holding the act of

congress, which approved the dissolution of the church and seizure of its property. other groups have had difficulty as well. jehovah's witnesses were the principal of victories in the middle of the century. i believe it is 30 cases involving conflicts between jehovah's witnesses and local governments got to the supreme court during this time. the witnesses do not win all of them, but they win almost all them, except they did lose the one in which the challenge being required to pledge allegiance in school, this is prior to the addition of words, under god, so this had nothing to do with that.

it had to do with pledging allegiance in general, and the supreme court of the held that during the beginning of world war ii, acts of violence against jehovah's witness broke out all over the country, so we principles we start with and principles we stand for, but they are principles that continually need to be fought for. the because they are on books does not mean they are going to be enforced. it requires vigilance. it requires effort. it requires lawyers, and that is what we are here about.

garrett every era has its own issues. do not expect the same problems today, but every era throes of its own religious conflicts, and i want to conclude by guessing what are the main sources of conflict we will see. it seems to me there are two. one of them is spurred on by the increasing diversity of religious practice in the united states. in one hand that tends to support and strengthen the underlying political support for religious freedom, but it also creates problems in bureaucracy. it becomes so complicated to deal with problems, so i think a lot of the cases we see and some of the cases the clinic have lined up to litigate are relieved bigotry cases, but

they are bureaucratic indifference cases. it is where we cannot bother, we cannot take the trouble to deal with these pesky people wanting to do on things but we do not quite understand i do not always sympathized with. it is easiest to say one-size- fits-all and the same rules apply to everybody, so i think bureaucratic inconvenience is a major source of problems in our era, and this is maybe a little more skeptical and a little bit darker, but i do also think sociologically in this country that we are developing a somewhat different religious divide. for many decades, the largest religious divide was the protestant-catholic divide, and a lot of religious liberty issues swirling around that problem. i think, and i think sociologist would support the increase in the device is not between protestants and catholics, not between one religious group and another but between religiously committed citizens and those who are not, militanthose being

atheists and some being indifferent. these going to see clashes between those with deep commitments to a variety of traditions, all different but having something in common, namely this type of allegiance for those who think it is reactionary and do not approve, so my guess is if this clinic is going to be addressing the religious freedom issue, i we will probably see each of those, but this i know for sure.

it is needed. it is not because the united states is uniquely and persecuted. it is not. i believe we are the freest and most welcoming country and the world. i think there is a lot of the spirit of the table but philadelphia is still among us, but not always, and we still need to fight and to litigate and to protect. >> now we are going to hear from the rabbi in new york. >> thank you, judge. it is an honor to join a distinguished panel. celebrateoy as we this extraordinary occasion. i want to analyze the american- jewish perspective of the uniqueness in america. yogi berra once once called the mayor of dublin, ireland was jewish.

he said, only in america. my hope is to reflect on a certain only in america story that allows us to understand what we are celebrating tonight. a was july of 1776 at colonial jew by the name of jonas phillips sent a letter to an acquaintance uprising his friend of the extraordinary events occurring in philadelphia. he displayed a copy of the declaration of independence.

his letter is in the london department of public records office. the ship bearing this letter was ordered by the british, who could not make heads or tails of the communication but for the copy of the declaration and closed within. seeing the declaration, the british thought it was a patriot-coated communication, so they brought back to england for further study. his letter was innocuous, and the sole reason the british were unable to read it was because it was written in yiddish. the letter may have been insignificant, but jonah did embody the declarations principle. he became the first advocate for religious liberty in this new

nation. when the constitutional convention met, philip wrote a letter complaining of all public office holders in pennsylvania were required to affirm the new testament was given by divine intervention. he said, it is absolutely against the religious principle of the jew and is against his conscience to take any such notes. he has been out they create a country in which in his words come on all of society is on equal footing, meaning we are able to engage public service while remaining true to their respective police. phillips added, of the jews have been faithful, and they have been foremost in assisting the states with their loss. and have bravely fought bled for liberty they cannot enjoy, so consider there are 3000 jews in north america at

this point, and he is writing to george washington, the most famous man in america, and telling them they were not truly free. the constitutional convention ended up creating a constitution that bans a religious test for federal. he was called to testify in a philadelphia court on a as courts were in session six days a week. phillips refused, explaining saturday was his sabbath, and he believed of true quality demanded he be allowed to

mandate the dictates. he called this the first recorded case raising free exercise issues following the adoption of the first amendment. phillips' arguments fell on deaf ears, and he was fined 10 pounds for refusing to violate his religion, but the story does not end there. if you have ever to word monticello, thomas jefferson's home, you might have missed the jewish material area, which reads, levy died 5591, jewish year. this is the daughter of phillips. she was very closer to the home than jefferson himself. we be ended of buffeting the estate and saving it from ruin. it is fitting and perhaps providential that the man who lived his life fighting for religious equality fathered a family and save the home of the man who authored the declaration that all men are created equal. the story of the family and the jewish graves provides us with a platform with which to approach to religious liberty, seeing monticello as a home

different faiths can preserve together. they used to discuss whatever biblical passage he was reading. as the blair said in britain, we do not do god. this was a private thing. it was just him and the prime minister, and he would ask religious questions on his mind. he said, i have reached the boring part of the bible. he said, which boring part have you reached, the prime minister? blair says, the tabernacle. it does go on a bit, doesn't it? it does. the book of exodus describes nurses, the different contributing -- 600

verses, the different tribes contributing whatever they have tabernacle in god. to serve in creation of the universe genesis by god, 34 vs.. he pointed out synagogues are built by a committee, so it takes much longer. the lesson he says is not only theological. it is political.

the tale of tabernacle and appears not in leviticus, but rather in exodus, where israel is emerges as a coveted nation. he says, they must build something together. some brought metals. others jewels. others their skills. unlike the creation of the world are the mighty alone, the tabernacle indicates it requires individual efforts by many. how do you turn our group of people into a nation? god answer is dazzling in simplicity. a nation is filled by building. you get them by creating

something together. the tabernacle is integration without assimilation. we are not all the same. we each have something unique to contribute, sunday we can give. stockholm we build together, and the tabernacle story teaches us we need not deny our differences to come together as one nation, so it is fitting jonas phillips family saved jefferson's home and gave it to america, an embodiment of the home we built together, and the jewish headstone represents integration without assimilation for which jonas phillips thought. the founders believed only by allowing religious difference can jeffersonian the quality be achieved. findople of faith themselves common on and not only then will they find themselves on an equal footing. and apply this the quality religion different from race. human equality means differences based on race are irrelevant and must be overcome. the ideal of free exercise of

religion is that people of different religious convictions are different and those are precious and must not be disturbed. this is an eternal testament of the ability of americans to preserve our differences while being welcome for unique contribution we can make to this country, and it is an eternal reminder. we need reminding of this once more. in an age many seem to believe religious difference or even faith itself is not worth protecting. and this past year we have seen the administration put forward an argument to an incredulous supreme court. two centuries after jonas phillips was fined for refusing to obey a legal obligation that violated his religious beliefs, they threaten similar things

for refusing to obey a law that violates their religious beliefs. if americans cannot serve society while remaining true to their beliefs, jonas phillips would say they are not truly free. this story is as important as it ever was, and that is why i feel so privileged to be here as this clinic is being inaugurated. on july 4, 1826, 50 years to the day the declaration was signed, john adams died in quincy, massachusetts. his famous last words were thomas jefferson survive. jefferson passed away the very day several hours before, but adams spoke the truth. thomas jefferson did survive because the ideas he articulated endured. 200 years ago jonas phillips fought for the realization of principles. this clinic carries on the

funding, to make america the home we can truly build together to fulfill the vision. it is my hope that through the success of your efforts at the clinic in stamford we will be able to echo adams and say thomas jefferson survives. monticello's legacy survives, and jonas phillips lives as well. thank you very much. >> our next speaker is hannah smith. >> thank you very much. it is an honored to be with you today. i just want to recognize some of my colleagues. our executive director, are two deputy general counsel, as well

as art director of development. -- our director of development. they have been instrumental in helping bring to pass this day, and i want to recognize their great efforts. i would like to commend the efforts for his leadership in creating the first religious clinic in the nation. i think it will unite people of goodwill who seek to protect civil liberties. i want to congratulate them for their work that promises to be a successful endeavor. i was asked to provide some background on the fund for religious liberty. some of the issues of the day as

well as some of the litigation efforts we are currently involved in 10 minutes. i am going to do my best. this is a non-profit, non- partisan public interest law firm based in washington, d.c. it is the only such organization in america that protects religious freedom of people of all faiths. we were founded in 1994 by a devout catholic, and since then the fund has defended religious freedom, where people of all faiths including hoodies, hindus, native americans, zoroastrian to. we believe religious freedom is a god-given right to all people. we believe protecting business rights to protection is important to our society.

we choose our cases carefully to set a precedent, important issues throughout the country. we were in the court of public opinion by appearing in national and local news outlets and also in the academy through publications and now through this clinic. we were domestically and abroad, but tonight i am going to speak primarily about domestic litigation initiatives. our national concerns to religious freedom today, i want to talk to you about some of those briefly today in the time i have with you. the first area is the effort to restrict, to organize and shoes

religious leaders -- choose religious leaders. some of you may recall a significant victory last year at the supreme court. we have in the audience the attorney who argued that case before the supreme court, so the background is that for 40 years the supreme court recognized a constitutionally-based rule recognizing several decisions for employment laws. the office argued the ministerial exception should not exist. this was challenging the existence of religious a economy and the hiring and firing of

religious employees. alternatively, they argue even if there were an exception, it should be limited only to those who perform religious functions. last january, a unanimous opinion of the supreme court rejected both of those arguments, calling them extreme, remarkable, and untenable. i want to underscore how rare it is to get unanimous consent of the supreme court, especially in a case like this. they held business is a protection. you might ask, why is there still a concern? the answer is found in this particular category in another decision from 2010.

administrators from private universities around the country are using that decision to create and enforce policies which inspires student organizations to allow students who do not adhere to their fates to be leaders in their student groups, and these policies are having the effect of driving religious student groups off campus and perhaps into extinction, so that is the first trend. the second area of concern is discrimination against churches and synagogues and mosques and want to exercise rights to use privately owned property or enjoy it now access to public property. now they recognized the islamic center in tennessee when local community groups tried to prevent the building of a mosque in the community. although the building commissioner approved a mosque in our regular meeting, after

having provided regular public notice for such a meeting, a state court judge held the notice was not position, because of the tremendous public interest surrounding the mosques. the judge suggested they should have been subjected to heightened legal standard. we filed a separate lawsuit along with the department of justice requesting the court grand buildings, arguing subject in the mosque to different legal standards and a christian church violates the constitution. the judge granted a temporary restraining order, which meant the mosque was able to complete the finishing touches of the building in time to celebrate ramadan. the third area of concern touches upon conscience rights. good it is religious freedom of individuals to be free from government regulation that require them to expensive drugs it violates their religious

convictions. they actually represent several religious pharmacists in illinois and washington state, challenging regulations and require them to stop and dispense what they believe to be abortion-inducing drugs, even when doing so violates their convictions. in illinois, the regulations have been definitively struck down. that is the case are referred to. my colleague continues to represent our client after the district court found the regulations unconstitutional. the fourth area of concern is protecting the liberty of incarcerated not persons. the fund currently represents several jewish inmates, challenging the department of corrections in texas and florida

to make sure the clients are provided kosher food during their incarceration. are lawsuits are based on the act that prevents the government from placing a substantial burden on religious exercise of the prisoner, and even if it was ruled general of applicability, and those cases are ongoing. this area of concern relates back to the judges' comments, and that is the area of all evidence of public life. this is manifested in lawsuits insisting courts stripped undergone from the pledge of allegiance. the becket fund has been bringing this lawsuit from california to massachusetts. they say the phrase under god confirms a foundational premise,

namely that human rights are not in doubt by the state but are rather derived from a source beyond the state's discretion. but they did not advance religion but reflected deeply rooted political philosophy of the founding fathers. they believed these rights derived from a source greater than a government made of man. the ninth circuit agreed and upheld the pledge based on those arguments. i want to touch upon the last areas of concern. the next area of concern is state provisions rooted in discrimination against faith communities. they have recognized it was rooted in anti catholic bigotry. today they are used as one weapon that would enable students attending private

schools to benefit from public funds on an equal basis with public school students. the fund currently represents several disabled children and their families in lawsuits brought by the school districts against the students. the school districts are seeking to prevent these disabled students from using state scholarship funds in private schools tailored to the needs of these disabled children, because they may be religiously affiliated, and they are using the state amendment. finally, i will briefly touch on the last category, which is the government mandates that force individuals and communities of faith to choose between violating a law and violating religious convictions. this is something alluded to earlier. the mandate cases, there are

currently over 40 of them going over the country. the becket fund filed the first of these cases last fall, and we are listing on behalf of eight different clients in several courts around the country, so in closing, i want to see the need for this religious clinic in stanford is the queue when we find ourselves drawn into litigation on all these fronts i elaborated on, defending the rights of organizations and individuals. i fully believe they will train the next generation of lawyers to do the work for jews, christians, and people of all faiths. thank you very much. >> our next and final speaker is the clinic director. he will speak on the advancements of religious liberties.

>> thank you, a judge. thank you, fellow panelists and all of you for joining us. a special thank you to our friends from the beckett fine. it is great to have you with us. as evidenced by your presence in today's festivities and ended the enthusiasm of our students who are here with us, we did we are off to something special in founding this project. we also think the future of religious liberty is bright. what i thought i would do is take a different tack and describe our clinic and explain why we think religious liberty provides a fantastic opportunity to teach students to be first rate lawyers in service of those in need. that is the purpose of education, and this offers a fantastic way to do that.

the clinic offers a unique opportunity. it joined 10 other first-rate programs that teach professional skills how to be a lawyer through student representation. the students handle the cases themselves with real clients. students enrolled full time during their term. the clinic is all the students do during that time, which is a fantastic opportunity to practice law in real time and to get a sense of what it means to be a lawyer. we think it is an opportunity to learn by doing through our

supervision and to do so with ample time they might not get in the fast-paced world of litigation, to reflect and to learn, so they are not only ready to practice law on day one but also have an advance sense of what it means to be a professional, a lawyer in service of others. any other assessment of our legal culture today shows the need for clinical education. we believe religious liberty offers a dynamic way to teach skills. not only does it involve many of the profound and interesting questions we have been discussing on this panel, but the hands-on way to learn in a deeply human way. most lawsuits involve broken human relationships or misunderstanding between and

among people and religious liberty cases are no exception. our clients come from a wide variety of religions, cultures, and our crown, and they in -- and background, and they involve what lies at the heart of human beings. they might have a different take. that is where we come in. misunderstandings are particularly important for minority religions or underrepresented faiths. that is where we try to focus our efforts. what an awesome challenge. representing clients who look up the conflict they are facing is a particular challenge to being a counselor in the full sense of

the word, so we think this is a great way to serve the community. we think it is a unique way to contribute to liberty, which is another thing we have been emphasizing. in this process, we hope the clinic will serve as a source of unity and helped lower the temperature in some disputes that are seen as disputes over religion. a lot of times we see headlines about religious liberty, and they instantly jump to controversy over religious practice, and the principle we are addressing is freedom, not necessarily what one chooses to pursue with that liberty. we collected short statements of support from folks around the country and around the world

expressing support of our clinic, and one in particular struck me, how to evade this universality principle. it comes from an australian, the cardinal archbishop of sydney, australia, and he wrote, none of us can avoid confronting questions about the value of life and the best way to live. whether the answers are religious or not, having the freedom to answer them and to live our lives in accordance with our answers is fundamental to our society. i wish the clinics' success as in joins the effort to understand religious freedom and its importance to society. our document reflects this universality. this winter alone we are working with jews, christians, muslims, native americans on a variety of

matters. we are representing a prisoner seeking a circumcision. now about was denied. a land-use case involving some of the challenges. prisoners seeking to engage in a sacred pipe ritual, which is a native american case. i think that emphasizes a foreign nature and the efforts to tell the story so we can understand universal interest at stake. the employment case where employees were fired for observing the sabbath, and zoning issues over the efforts to feed the homeless, and saving the best for last, our students.

we have 10 students who come from a wide variety of backgrounds, although they share an enthusiasm in common. we believe the law school will be enhanced in efforts to make in it now professional and also a deeper understanding of what it means to be a leader. i want to thank you for being here. i look forward to hearing your questions and getting to know more about you. >> taking off of something professor mcconnell said, the difference between the division between are protestant and catholic division and our non- religious portion, as our

society has become increasingly secular rise, it is difficult to express the importance of religious liberty to people who are not religious. what do you say to the non- deliver about why it is important and 21st century american? >> i think most people for their deep views not on the basis of abstractions but on the basis of experience with other people,

and one way in which this could be done -- i am struck by the fact that myer and i have the same view that the story of human beings mattered more than theory, and i think that is at the heart of much of this. when you learn about real people and what they value and what they undergo, that is the sort of thing that changes hearts much more than an abstraction. >> anyone else? >> i think particularly when you are dealing with religious practices that may seem foreign, you can read about religious practices on a piece of paper, and given whatever your background or experience is, some of them may seem strange or on or maybe not that important,

but when you talk to the client, they are willing to lose their job over this or they are willing to lose a benefit at school. it lends depth to it, and you can show how important it is to them personally. they did not looking at this as a big intellectual challenge, that this is your job or whatever, and i think the professor was right at communicating that helps. >> i would agree with everything the panelists have said. i would add one other point. one of the interesting things. while there is a religious secular divide, it will be the source of a lot of religious liberty litigation that will take place, coming from the perspective mentioned before,

given the tension that used to exist, one of the most remarkable things that has emerged is very different faiths but have found they have something in common. even as they do not do away with the disagreements about religion, that is quite extraordinary. if you read descriptions of the original and new continental congress when they got together in 1774. it was suggested they all open with a prayer together, and they said they could not know possibly play together because they were divided between baptists and episcopalians. that is one of the religious

device that made it impossible to pray together. at our student orientation day, we are sitting in a circle, and he said, i feel like i am sticking out being a presbyterian with so many of his italians. meanwhile, the guys with the yarmulkes are thinking, i hate when that happens. that is the worst. we talk about our religion and how much we have learned, it was profound. the flip side is there was a profound issue on both sides but

will continue to affect religious liberty, but there is one part of the story we can add to that as well, which is some of the commonalities that might not have existed 50 or 100 years ago. >> some of these religious practices are particularly of minority faiths are not very popular and sometimes misunderstood. i remember a priest wanted to sacrifice certain small animals in his home as part of his ritual for ordaining into his religion, and we took him on, not to necessarily defend that particular religious practice but to defend the practice of

being free to worship in your own home. you can bet his neighbors were not pleased with animal sacrifices he wanted to perform in his own home, but we took that case, and the unanimous panel agreed with us that the city's attempts to limit his ability to sacrifice these animals for certain ordinances was a violation of this act, so many of these practices, in particular, may be unpopular, but as we are in a diverse society where there are a lot of minority views clamoring for recognition, i think what we need to explain perhaps to those who do not understand the need for religious freedom is that religious expression should be included in that diversity. they should not be left out.

>> i guess i will just talk about now a member of faith that is different and how do we explain or get a party that does not understand or have no faith at all to feel empathy and perhaps our commonality with our perspective. i think the decision in france, which continues with regard to the wearing of what they call conspicuous articles of faith to public schools cropped up. one of the arguments that resonated with a lot of folks, the state of frances a. we are

going to regulate your dress in a public school. but still exists, and now for people with no faith, my turban is an expression of my beliefs, just like your shirt now that is red is your expression of the feeling you should wear a red shirt, but at the end of the day it is a form of expression. at the end of the day, it means they have an actual reason beyond pure expression makes me feel uncomfortable. society must actually be burdened in a way that is substantial. otherwise, the state can burden the expression without a significant reason.

that is the argument we have made for people with little faith or no faith. >> has been on what has been discussed by the members of the panel, given the increasing diversity and religious beliefs, the difficulty of defining what we mean, shouldn't we move to a system of general conscience protection and abandon what appears to be updated appeals? >> i think looking at the history is really important. this protects religion, so there is a reason why religion in our society is special and is given special protection.

judge mcconnell has written in some of his articles there was language proposed during the drafting but would have protected conscience more generally, but that was rejected in favor of the current one. there is also this sensex religious conscience is special not just because it demands certain rights but that it has certain duties. people have duties to their creator to somebody outside of themselves, so religion is special not just because of the rights of because of the duties it requires. >> hannah is right on the matter of history, but there are those

who think this is philosophically wrong. there is a recent book fired a university of chicago professor and makes this case, but it is not a first. a highly regarded historian wrote a book called the godless constitution in which he wrote religion should have no more or less protection than general motors, so there are those who argue philosophically. i think there are reasons the framers were wise to differentiate. in many contexts i do favor extending protection more broadly. very frequently i think that is the best solution to particular

conflict between of public policy and individual commitment. sometimes when you open the door to broadly, it forces a weakening of strength, that if our position is really that everyone-the same right to do whatever they think is right, that is such a broad proposition, necessarily the content is going to have to be watered down, because as john locke wrote, it cannot be that everyone is a legislator and to themselves.

also, we have two provisions of the first amendment. there is the exercise provision, and there's also an establishment provision, and they work together wonderfully well, and abroad conscience interpretation of the establishment principle simply does not work. many people are quite conscientiously, have strong beliefs and which environmentalism. they may feel really strongly. environmentalism is treated the same way constitutionally. we cannot have environmental protection agency. we cannot have laws based upon principles of environmentalism. it is a free exercise that

requires a constitutional matter we distinguish between the two, so i think it would not work. to have an establishment clause and the free exercise clause for conscience in general. >> i think we have a few minutes left. i would like members of the audience to approach the microphones and ask your question. please identify it yourself and identify any group with which you are associated, and ask a question of the panel member or the panel as a whole.

>> my name is george. i am from the music department. a question about lines drawn with religion. instead of having animal sacrifice, human sacrifice. in other words, religion can encompass that. that is probably enough for this one. >> we are not going to do human sacrifice yet, if that is what you are asking. >> the subdivision, obviously, there are limits. there has to be limits, and governmental interest would protect human beings, so we have to recognize there are some moments. >> one way you can tell the difference between a compelling interest and something else is whether it is applied across the board. human sacrifice is forbidden across the board.

killing animals is not forbidden across the board. we kill animals in slaughterhouses for food and we kill them for leather and for pest control. there has been arguments about animal sacrifice. justice stevens asked whether it was legal to boil a lobster. [laughter] it turns out we can kill animals for all kinds of purposes. the virtually you cannot kill an animal for any count in florida is because you think you're god requires it as an act.

i think the gulf between these is very different. you might also ask if you're thinking of this contraceptive mandate case -- why is it that pre-existing health care plans are perfectly free not to include free and no deductible contraceptives within their plans? it is because there is a political promise made that if you like your health care plan, it does not have to change. that means that for millions of americans, we are not enforcing it here and is no contraceptive mandate across-the-board. it makes me think that requiring people with a conscientious reason when we do not require people across the board to do it suggest a certain focus on the consciences.

pharmacists are free not to stock shelves for all kinds of reasons, but not conscientious reasons. look at what the government does and not what it says. when it allows something in a context -- that is where -- that is the typical pattern for unfairness. >> my name is catherine. >> step closer to the microphone. >> given at this particular

moment, religious freedom is often held up as a justification for policies that target the gay population and are justifying bullying gay kids or nonbelievers and members of other faith. there are practices that are very controversial in today's environment. had you intend to make the clinic a source of unity and to lower the temperature around this debate? >> well, getting back to my general point about focusing on the religious liberty aspect of it as opposed to the particular practice, you are right that the

practices involved can be controversial. what is important for us to do is lowering the temperatures in the cases we take on. we are not a litigation group that has a particular goal in mind. by selecting our cases in a way that is sensitive to the controversial -- i'm not shying away from it, but understanding that the main goal is to teach students and trying to balance that is what i plan to do. >> can i add something? what i have noticed and i do not think it would be any different with the clinic issue -- with regard to watching what the government does and what it does not say, this is a strand of

cases in which our organization is a minority organization and this is issues that are often unusual. the government is going to allow a practice for secular reasons, but does not allow it because it happens to be religious, that is a problem for liberty. there is a small ceremonial sword in the case of being brought into a federal building. they're all sorts of dangerous objects. there's a federal statute that allows hunters to bring in guns.

it goes back to what he said. watch what the government does not what it says. if you're going to look at these practices that are dangerous for secular reasons -- and proud of beckett for always defending. it does is liberty piece that most people can agree on. >> one last question. then we will be entered. >> i'm from the church state counsel. i want to thank the coalition. and thinking about many of your comments, i wonder if that devaluing of conscience -- you

mentioned the secular divide is one of the key issues. two summations i hear a lot is from colleagues inside the beltway that we have had only two religious issues in america. perhaps the corollary being that the common view outside the beltway of religious reason is that it means freedom to believe as i do. wonder if you could maybe respond to these perceptions of the devaluing of conscience. is it the greater threat from the secular or from the religious? >> anyone want to tackle that one? >> what you say makes me all the more persuaded that religious liberty needs to be articulated

by some people whose agendas is neither the left nor the right. if what you say is true, we are in desperate need of people to say that neither are those things should happen. the government should not be running the church and the church should not be running the government either. we need a voice for that. >> i think that is exactly right. think theologically for a moment. my uncle, in his essay described how they find themselves in a situation. i'm a stranger and a neighbor among you.

meaning, believing in a covenant that you have sets you apart from another. and it sets the person of faith apart from some analysis. he is also adding that he is your neighbor. not just politically, but as a neighbor that you see their needs. it is one thing to speak about rights, but it is engaging each other and experiencing together and the duties that we have to one another. i highly recommend a book by a catholic professor. she moved to scranton. a block in scranton.

[laughter] she wrote about her experience. she experience lives that were totally different from hers. she wrote a small book about her experience. whether you are a person of faith or not, these issues are when we experience people as both strangers and neighbors. when you experience them as a neighbor, that is when you experience what makes them unique in what you have in common. >> one last word that answers your comment about the left and the right.

thank heavens they were both wrong. [laughter] thank you. it is 6:00. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2013] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute] >> on the next washington journal, we will talk about the 149 air traffic control towers that the faa is closing you to sequestration. .ur guest is mary schiavo then a look at the future cost of healthcare under the affordable care act. and we will explore the irs and how it has processed the 270

million tax returns filed last year, worth more than two $2 trillion.ion -- live aton journal is 7:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. next, rob sherman, the head of privacy for facebook. he joined a discussion on targeted ads and how personal information is used on mobile devices. from the colorado technology department, this is one hour 10 minutes. thank you toll, julie and julia for getting us going. the first panel described and that pamphlet is the benefits of new technology. i just want to say, one minute introduction to the thinking behind that topic as our kick off topic. and then i will turn it over to my panel to get us going.

to start -- obviously, the whole day is on technology and privacy. we want to start with a discussion of new technologies and/or changes in technology that are either worrying people or offer promise. we in particular did not want to start by just -- with just a litany of, oh no, here are oreral things, one website one is doing and pile on. but to really look in a balanced way that changes in technology are causing privacy threats and potentially creating solutions for some of the things we will be talking about the rest of the day. that is looking back at the discussion that the commissioner and julia just had. they are talking about potential problems in the mobile space for

example and potential solutions. that was probably the technological solution. that is the goal. to au have not been spoken panel discussion before, let me just give you an overview of how this typically functions. at least, our panel will have some comments from two of our progenitors -- from our presenters and then discussion of time andiod then we will leave a significant chunk of time for questions from the audience. we are slated to end this panel at 11:30. i will make sure we have enough time for your questions as we go. have a tradition that we ask that the first question be from a law student. if you are a student in the room, and i know there are many, please be getting ready because otherwise i will have to call on you which is not good.

of the overview of how the panel functions all day. excited to have all of our panelists from this first panel with us. it's another tradition is we typically do not introduce everyone on a panel because you have their bios in your pamphlet, so please take a look. but i want to start with some comments from both ryan and ashton. sort of like commissioner bill and george -- and julia, they have been in a conversation between the two of them leading up to this panel and will each make some comments in sequence, but they are sort of dovetailed together and then the rest of the panel have a chance to respond. ryan, i think you will go first. we are going to stay seated. it is a little easier on c-span. so, you are up. >> ok. thank you, scott. inc. you so much for inviting me.

-- thank you so much for inviting me. i am flattered. i always find the programming here is so sophisticated and at the same time very accessible. that brings together a lot of different kinds of people. thank you so much. what i want to talk about is part of a project i am working on about changes to advertising technology and marketing. ok? historically, technology for the last few years, historically online advertising technology has really engaged in what i want to call advertisement matching. this is the idea that you are a democrat, maybe you will get ads for subarus. for instance. all of this technology and effort is being spent to make sure that you connect with the advertisement that is best for you and that the advertisement reaches you.

there are dangers in that, right? a good examples of how people can get segmented and redlined by your profile. you will not see certain kinds, but there are also benefits. there could be more relevant instead as using subaru of a lexus. ism thinking about how that changing. one of the things i want to talk about today briefly is that tonge from ad-matching persuasion profiling. what is -- what does that mean? well, the idea is that all of biased in the way we think about things. all of us are susceptible in different ways to different kinds of deviations from rational ideas or choice. for instance, i might be a sucker for a authority.

if you tell me that nine out of 10 experts agree that this is the right toothpaste for me, i might be very inclined to do it. whereas he does not care about authority. that drives them away from the product. he cares about scarcity. if he hears that this particular toothpaste is only available for a limited time offer, he will be more likely to purchase that. writer mark -- right? these things are discoverable about us. you can figure them out on the same data points that you use for at matching. you can figure out the means by which you should pursue consumers. there are folks who are working on techniques that permit you not only to match the right advertisement, a subaru added with a democrat, but to pitch the subaru added in a way that is most likely to influence the particular consumer.

right? i find that to be potentially concerning. and also, not to have some of the same benefits you have with advertisement-matching. this is one of the three different ones that i will talk about more in the queue when &a.y -- in the q it is different from what has happened before. i wantedhe baseline to establish in my thinking. i turn it over. >> that is excellent. i think that is a really good segue into the stuff i wanted to touch on. ofant to highlight two types persuasion. one, which he described, is extremely personalized. preferences and his

for authority. the other is the types you could only make by having data about a lot of people in general and knowing how their behavioral biases tend to frame their interactions. last night, a lot of casinos offer a technique to bring back people who lose big in the casinos. what they do, it is an interesting technique. they will profile your maximum spent before you leave. let's say when you lose $3000, you leave the casino and go home angry. what they do is they have those loyalty cards. her know that ryan's is thousand dollars. when he is down $3000, they will send him a free room and a ticket to a show.

the floor manager will give him a ticket to the show and not to keep him playing for longer. people tend to remember the last point of experience. what they try to do is color the last experience in a way that will leave him feeling like he was down, but he had a great show. it wasn't so bad, maybe i will come back. these types of insights across people in general are potentially problematic in that they break our own personal mental model of how we are able to process a tip. we might not be aware of these implementations on our behavior. maybe we are aware of them on an individual basis, but not able to extract related across the date -- across a large database. both the general and the personalized type of profiling currentlying that

exists, i had the pleasure of working with the wall street journal on a couple of stories recently regarding how willnies or how merchants personalize or profile consumers -- information about consumers in order to somewhat favor the exchange in the marketplace. one example is a story about a month ago now about how surgeon car manufacturers will, for example, profile consumers by name and e-mail address directly. when youwill track send a note to a dealership to go see a car. they pitched their product as the dealership -- the service will be able to tell the dealership all other cards you look at, what models, what colors, how often and how long ago. and when you get -- when you go onto the dealership, the dealsh