>> thank you for the kind intervention. -- introduction. thank you so much, wendy. downstairs i have a few blog posts that i have done on election, which are sitting at the table. you can read them. they are in great detail and depth. i will read from them, little bits and pieces, but i wanted to start out with facts of what really happened in this election. the fact usually in pakistan are a little hazy and a little fudgy and a little hard to come by. this was the first time a civilian-elected government completed a five-year term and handed over power at the ballot box. in pakistan's 66 years, this has never happened before. governments are usually trounced by the army, and so they never

have completed a full term. thereason i wanted to be was because the excitement that this election generated again is unprecedented, and i have been in pakistan since the elections, and people said it does not make a difference whether we vote or not. those people do not vote. in this particular election, there was -- the number is not quite solid, but it is between 55% and 60% of the election that voted. even in advanced democracies, you do not have that. this truly was an exciting election. there were new motives that came out. my family was one of them. my 86-year-old mother was one of them, she was in karachi where a lot of the bad stuff happened at polling stations.

hergot there, she and sister and her friend at 8:00 in the morning, and they said we will not leave until we have voted him and they voted. there was a revote there because there is hanky-panky that happened, and she was back again to vote again, and her candidate won. [applause] then i have other stories, just being there, so at night a very social society, so there were dinner parties every night. of course, everybody is attending, and everybody had stuff to say, and every single party was represented at these various events. went i was returning back home, midnight, 1:00, 2:00 in the morning, you saw young people reveling in the streets. this is before the election. they are out in cars, shouting to each other, and the

excitement was unbelievable, but i would not have known that, i would have not since that if i had not seen it. and you will not read that in the paper, and even there i did not read that. this has not been captured at all. before the election, you saw all the different parties that were out there rejoicing, celebrating, hoping. and after the election, the winning party, they were dancing in the streets. you could see there were police around, but they stayed back. we know that the army was back because there was a lot of threats, but you never saw a single army guy or an army -- and to me that was remarkable again, because usually in pakistan, there is a show of force by the armed forces.

here, they were invisible. but they were there. i know this. and they were keeping basically the peace. to me, it was one of the most exciting trips i have taken. i go every year. but this was an incredible time to be there. now, one of the facts is that in many parts of pakistan traditional, futile, and tribal structures remain in place and the electorate there followed traditional voting patterns. this is particularly true of punjab, which is where i hail from, which is where the winner hailed from, and so it was somewhat of a foregone conclusion. i said in one of my blogs that he was the favorite. he actually won twice as many seats and votes as the next person. and so he was a clear winner. for is again a first

pakistan. usually we have a hung parliament, and then our coalitions are formed, which basically means that it is a unique structure, like here, where if congress is opposing the presidency, then it is just hard to enact law. we just hope that the right thing now gets done by the winning party in pakistan. i am just going to give a few facts and figures for those come up because i know there are people in the audience who are very familiar with pakistani politics. muslimning party, the league, took 126 national assembly seats and 24.9 million votes. and now i am going to talk about the next two, because one of the electoral votes, the other one won more seats.

the pti, headed by the cricket star, the dashing mr. khan, he took 28 seats, but he took more votes, 7.7 million votes. the ppp, which was the incumbent ruling party, which is the one secular party, which is the benazir bhutto party, they won more seats, but they won only 6.9 million votes. there are still seven seats which are in contention, and it might be possible that there will be a slight shift between the ppp and the ppi. but it will be minor. the fact is that ppi, the new party that generated this excitement, people voted for

them because they wanted change. this is the party of change, because he came in -- and i have a blog on him in particular -- he came in with this message of clean government, because there has been a lot of corruption in pakistan, especially among the ruling elite and his one mission was to have got to get away from this and people flock to him because of that. in previous elections he had not won a single seat. for him to have 28 seats is a monumental task. these are mostly new voters. just to let people know how the vote system works, 126 needs are needed to form a government. 18 independents have joined the winning party, so they have more than enough, so they do not and need to make a formal

religion with another party, an opposition party. but the other two which i find interesting is, each of the parties won majorities in a different main provinces, so the winning party wins in the punjab. then ppp, the incumbent outgoing ruling party, they win the other province, and the new upcoming glamour party, the they win the most difficult province, which is the frontier, which adjoins afghanistan, which is all your terrorism is happening, which is basically the trouble spot in the country. and so i guess this is the price he wins. he has to govern that now. this is not going to be easy for him, but basically what

this means is that every single party has a vested interest in government, and that they are going to be responsible to make sure that their piece works in conjunction with the center, so there has to be a level of cooperation. you cannot just point fingers only. i'm sure a lot about what happened, too. it inevitably happens in government. yet another interesting thing that happened, the army. i will quote the army chief. he said, in these elections, the people of pakistan not only courageously withstood the threat of terrorism, they also defied the unfounded dictates of an insignificant and misguided majority. he is talking about the

religious nuts. theird they were shown place, they did not win any seats and he did not win many. they won maybe one or two. it is so big insignificant that it does not cap. -- it doesn't even count. over and over again, the population of that country tells us that this is not where they are at. it is just that what we hear in the rest of world are only those loud voices which are speaking this speech of hate and of terror and extremism. i am not trying to minimize that threat. the taliban threat is real and present. two days before the election, i was there, in lahore, and i was supposed to meet the interim

chief minister, who came here and spoke year. and spoke here. she said, we cannot let anyone into the house, we cannot go out. we are not going to be able to vote because the ex-prime minister's son had been kidnapped a few days ago and apparently they had intercepted some intelligence that they were going to be a spate of suicide bombers all over the country. notsaid it is off, we are going to meet the date. -- today. election day dawns, nothing happens, and everybody goes out to vote, and i cannot even tell you what it was like. i went with my brother and we drove around the entire city. there was jubilation everywhere. friends of mine went into the interior part of lahore, which is a really congested, wonderful part of lahore, which is where all your moments are, but it is -- monuments are but

it is also where there is a lot of poverty. even there it felt like a fiesta. what you saw was a little but different, because what you saw in the more affluent areas were the pti, the young party, which was ascendant, and when you went into the interior part, that is where you saw the established party has actually won. if you went all over, then you could see the writing on the wall. you could see the majority was probably going to go the way of what was predicted. the other thing that i found unbelievable was the role that the media played. the television was emulating what cnn or msnbc or anybody was doing during the election coverage. they saw on cnn and nbc. she had two televisions.

at my friend's house. and 80 people in her home andthere were foreign correspondence and everyone you can think of. rolling in and1% and 2%. it was like i was back here. it was exciting. you know what is happening. if you have a clear site,i was screaming, oh my gosh. we were doing the same thing there. before the election day, television, we were educating people about the election process. we were guiding people. -- they were guiding people.

civic duty. if they wanted a change, they had to do this. that made a difference. i was blown away. i would not have known that if i had not seen it. and then there were irregularities. we had that also. inwe have had them here florida, also. [laughter] maybe a little bit more. people were taking pictures. there is much more accountability than there ever has been. the large factor i will mention is we have a resilient judiciary now in pakistan. it is a new thing. i think all of these factors are going to help in keeping politicians a little bit more honest than they have been.

i won't say much about u.s.- pakistan relations. because wendy just sad stuff buti am going to give a little anecdote. i was in pakistan in march. i do not know i would go back. i wanted to be back for the election. at a dinner party, i met with the american consulate general. i met with the german counselor. we were basically quizzing each one. we feel safe when we are there. the spaceamerican contingent said that they would much rather be back in town where there is much more movement. karachi was a little bit scary for themthe german counselor said to me,. of course i feel safe. why would i not feel safe?

i'm not in danger. you guys are in danger. what do they gain if they get mad at me? [laughter] this was his response. the italian ambassador's wife said to me, you know, my daughter goes to the beach every day. it depends on who feels targeted and who is targeted. otherwise, it is not what it is basically presented as in the press. let me see if there is anything else i want to say. i'm not going to read anything from my log because it is out there and you can read it. i want to mention a couple of things that pakistan fears in the next couple of years going forward. they have real problems.

the economy is in shambles. there might be eight to 10 a day in heat when there is no electricity. most people do not have generators. that is a big issue. in the winter, there was a gas shortage. what happens to business? it is directly related to the state of the economy, the state of the energy crisis. the new government is focused on two things -- one, the economy and the energy crisis. they are also very concerned about what is happening in afghanistan. what happens affects pakistan. there was no drug problem and

now pakistan has a drug problem. they inherited a lot of issues because of whatever geopolitical reasons. it is because of where they are situated. there is a real fear of possibly civil war in afghanistan. what does that mean for pakistan? that is one. the other issue is they want the taliban to go home. then they can deal with their own who have been converted. there are difficult issues at stake. they cannot handle other issues within their borders either. i'm going to open the floor up for questions and discussions. toill request my very able

partner to come and join me. we will field questions together. ask anything you want. [applause] >> ok. >> you mentioned the figure 55%-60% of the electorate voted. for about the percentage women who voted? what role did women play? is there a league of women voters in pakistan? how is electorate prepared for voting? >> women were out in force. i was at different polling stations. there were more women than men. i think that 464 women ran for parliamentarian seats. others more than any country i know.

in terms of percentages, it works butit was still -- even in the most conservative frontier regions -- there were two women who ran. women ran for seats. they did not allow them to vote and they ran for two seats. [applause] women are a force in pakistan. amazing force in pakistan. that is a story that really does not get told. >> one of the peculiarities of the pakistan system with regard to women in parliament was introduced by -- having reserved seats for women. now they have moved swiftly for those reserved seats. -- to name the women for those reserved seats. that will continue. pakistani elites are very much

behind having female representation. just to stress what she was saying about the border area, it is very dangerous. the taliban was relentless. they made a concerted efforts to keep people away from the polls. it was with the precise goal to kill democracy. men showed up at the polls at the border area, but so did the women. this was a victory for democracy and a defeat for the ideology of the taliban. >> you mentioned that there is a new government. part of the government.

i do not think he has a very good representation for honesty and transparency. can you comment on that? >> it is in my blog post, but i will mention he has been running the government. twice. this is hishe never completed his term. third attempt. most of our civilian government and our military government have been warned for less than honest practices. -- have been known for less than honest practices. the country has suffered at that hands of these self-serving politicians,whether they be civilian or army. which is why the message resonated so much. he is known to set up universities and hospitals. he is known to be mr. clean. the hope was that if he were to win that he would at least do away with this horrible corruption that persists in pakistan.

pakistan is not the only country that has this level of corruption. i can name a few. it's a necessary,but that doesn't change the fact that politicians have been less than honest. everyone that i spoke to said that he has learned his lesson. we hope he will govern more effectively this time and in a less -- way than he has in the past. >> i will chime in on that. the history of pakistan is rife with large corruption. big and dramatic stealing of public funds. withinre are practices the democracy that we here in america would consider corruption which is not corruption. it's actually a part of the way

the pakistan democracy works. that is the patronage system. that is where their democracy works. you are in a village and you would like your -- to get a job at the local government. you go to a political party. you go to your political boss ,whoever it is, the most dominant party in your province. you work through that to get a job or to get your son through school. in exchange for that, you agree to go out and get votes from your village. we call that corruption. >> nepotism >> exactly. but they call it patronage. the spirit of the question was

the big 10-$20 million under the table corruption from contracts and stuff. >> it is same in the u.s. with getting jobs and stuff. >> thank you. that was fascinating. i do not have an answer for this question of why i'm asking it. how does this change pakistan's international relationship, particularly vis-à-vis india and solving the crisis? -- the kashmir crisis. >> that is a good question. the first thing he said was that he wanted to extend a hand toward india. he had tried to do that in the past as well. there was a lot of talk in the newspapers that at his swearing in that the prime minister from pakistan would come.

-- from india would come. that was dispensed with. but there is a lot of hope in that direction. he is focusing more on india than he is on afghanistan. we want to play a role or else they will lose in the geopolitical game. that is the way pakistan is have thoughtbut his trust appears to be more toward india. he sees the trade. that is another very serious thing for him. >> when he was prime minister in his second term, he was moving toward better relationship with india when the military moved against him, the military coup. they do not want to see a warming relationship with india.

a lot has happened since. there has been some very positive steps forward in improving relationships with india and doing trade with india. i think we will see a continuation in the prime minister characters to do so. i think that is very promising. >> there was an event on election night. journalists were at this particular event in india. -- from india. they were all stationed in new delhi. they're covering the election. ofn you're in that kind setting, it seems strange that there should not be more of a cohesive relationship between

the two countries. they have so much in common. hopefully in the next decade, we are going to go to a place there is a lot of cooperation. ok. >> a nice segue to my question that has to do with the army. the army kind of stood back and let this happen. i'm sure they have got good reasons. looking ahead a little bit, do you foresee that the government will have a bit more space to deal with these policy issues without an army coup happening? indication. one never knows. we have a saying that says i'm going to try.

of --he line gets a taste when bill lyon gets a taste of blood blood, it is very hard to wean -- when a lion them away from it. they have tasted power. be an easyoing to thing to divest themselves completely but that there'll be some weaning away from the old powerful army. >> they have learned their lesson. they understand it is not in the interest of the army to run a civilian government. they have pulled back thethe population started turning against them. they have pulled back in the last several years from having heavy involvement. i think there'll be a continuation of that. there are issues where they will say, this is our turf. turf.

those issues will be afghanistan and the handling of the nuclear weapons arsenal. somenk there'll be continuation of army control and those areas at least. -- in those areas at least, maybe others. >> yes. go ahead. >> this is changing the subject a little. i wonder whether there is a country being affected by climate change and whether there is a concern about water and natural resources and whether this has entered into the campaign at all. between any difference the candidates if they discuss that? >> i think that would be a step beyond. they do not have energy or access to energy. they just one energy at any cost at the moment. once they have that, then you come to whether you want a sustainable kind of method.

at the moment, electricity is a big issue. water has been a huge, political issue. india and pakistan share the same source. another reason for political strife. i do nothing climate change and -- i don't think that climate change and that kind of stuff has really entered the discourse. there are basic things they are dealing without the moment. ofit does affect the lives the pakistani. political entered the discourse. it is not an issue between one party or the other. remember the floods two years in a row. one could argue it is not a natural disaster. it is a man-made disaster.

the irrigation system has become -- so many years of neglect. heavy rains have flooded it. the agriculture production is being degraded year after year. the flooding came from excessive melting of the glaciers. that is climate change. they are deeply affected by climate change. >> we will have sharon and then deedee. >> was there any talk about our drone program in the media or socially or anything? >> we always talk about the drone program.

it is one of the most unpopular programs there. warranted or not, that always becomes the one issue that everyone stands behind. it is our sovereignty that is being -- >> right. drone attacks have scaled back. in president obama's recent speech, did you see that woman who was carried out for protesting? it was medea who spoke here. it has been a major issue. it will be a major issue. it is very easy to hide behind. it has been a great whipping boy in pakistan. >> within the election and the campaign, drones is captured by

imran khan. -- he made this a signature issue. he was against the drones and corruption. that explains for his wide popularity among youth and women in particular. he intends to negotiate with the united states because it is a sovereignty issue. to take a deeper dive into the issue, it gets far more complicated. a public policy of pakistan and the military and the government is to oppose the drone. privately,however, our program is helpful when it goes after targets. like the one that was killed yesterday. the pakistani taliban have the goal of overthrowing the

pakistani state. there have been some collusion when the targets are clearly enemies of the state. where it gets confusing even for us is that those targets are not americans. they do not target americans. there are other groups that cross the border and target americans. unitedre, people in the states that support the drone program in pakistan, ask questions. as to whether we should only support, as was initially intended, al qaeda -- whether we should support the afghan taliban in pakistan were,

thirdly,are they pakistanis'enemies? the pakistani taliban. there is a raging debate in that continuum. for moral and futuristic reasons. they oppose it not because they oppose drones, but because it is going after people who were not our enemies and putting us therefore in danger. >> let's do it here. deedee. >> after the election, what is the role of the climate of extremism now? -- what is the climate of extremism now? are people going to be less extremist? is religion going to play a more important role or secularism? how do you see it? >> that is a complicated question. generally, religious parties with religious leaderships, it

is the secular wars that got heard. there have been religious leanings. with parties in the past. one of the reasons that [indiscernible] was previous ousted by the army was because they wanted to call himself something similar to the pope. no such thing in islam. he had ambitions soreligion was very much about his agenda at that time. conventional wisdom has it that he has learned his lesson. he is not going to do that. that remains to be seen. the population has made its voice heard. they have said that is not the route they want to follow. i want to divert a little bit and then i will hand the microphone over. my son is in the performing arts.

he is between new york and pakistan. he tells me that it is such a vibrant scene in pakistan. there is a renaissance happening in that country because it is full of young people. there's so much positive energy there. rah,e always been rah, rah, but my son has more this time around. there is only one way to go and that is up. [laughter] not to contradict anything that she has just said, because i agree with everything she has just said, but to draw a clear line to between the threats of pakistan from extremists and terrorist groups with those that are below just -- with those that are religious, you can be terrorist.

sometimes we confuse the two. on the extremist side, the terrorist side, i'm still pessimistic. many of the indigenous pakistani terrorist groups are from the punjab. this is still very active. what will the new government's reaction be? i would like to hear what nuchhi has to say. i'm not very optimistic. the terrorist groups are getting more interwoven in society. governmente to see the would not be intimidated by terror.

have to say. >> i think the government is going to be fully in control. up until now, everybody has given in to thesethese right wing forces have tried to curry support. to set the tone. we will wait to see what happens in the next few months. the chief of the party has had religious leanings himself. i do not know where this is going to go with him. supportedthe past these groups whether it was clearly are not, but we do not

know what his government will be like now and which way he will go. he can set a very clear agenda. the hope is that he will be very clear on this one issue. importantof the most issues facing pakistan. >> the indications to look for then for bringing stability is to build up a police. that is a vehicle, the institution -- it is not the army. the police have been abysmally funded. inas very interested providing assistance to the police.

president musharraf,he told me, you do not know how bad it is. when a policeman is in a village, he is likely to be sitting under a tree. someone comes up to him and says, my house was robbed. come to make a report. he says, ok. lend me a piece of paper and pencil and give me a ride back here. are. i have not heard anything yet police. >> and there's a lot of intimidation that happens. with the police not to by the police. i come from a well-known family. i got struck by a lowly police man.

get stopped by a lowly police man,i said, don't you know how i am? that has been the culture. breakl be very hard to that culture and empower the people. it will be a long, drawn out process. let's go in the back. >> thank you for sharing your experience with us from your perspective. i know that women voters are on the rise in pakistan. thes curious about administration of the election. were women involved and working in the polling places? there were some at your mother's precinct. share with us the good, bad, and ugly. >> women are a very active force in pakistan.

there was a place where most of the bad stuff happened. in karachi. i think it is criminal more than anything else. it is like a little mafia that is run by one of the parties. theyr polling station, would not allow -- to come in. -- the ballot boxes to come in. there could be no voting. in a lot of places, because everything got delayed, they were even one hour. -- there were given a one hour reprieve. in that time,a lot of shady things happened. ballots were stuck in the trash and they stuff the ballots. my brother told me one of his supplier said to him, you know what? you know what my family did?

we sat down after 5:00 and we said, all a 20% voted. only 20% vested. we cannot go to 100%, but we can go up to 85% to make it credible. you had to have a fingerprint. but three of them sat there and they used every single finger of their they filled out the ballots. i met with the eu -- i had a long discussion with them. this is right at the end. i was in islamabad. i was at a dinner. they said if we can see it, we can't report it. you really cannot monitor. >> you cannot do the math. i have talked to other election observers locally that there

weren't -- i cannot remember the figures -- let's say 5000 ballots and only 4000 actually voted. you can do the math. all of that said, the conclusion are, there's no dispute in the election. women were involved. this is a clear election. as nuchhi pointed out, the expected a certain ballot. -- they expect to have a hung up ballot.

everybody accepts the victory. >> it was a clear victory. 186 million people. other two parties had more votes and more seats but that is three or four. i think there were 86 million registered voters. this is nothing. question. >> ok. >> i have a good picture of the political aspects of pakistan. i do not have a picture of the family structures in pakistan, possibly on the lower end of the scale better access to education and healthcare. can you comment on any of that? >> pakistan has a huge population and huge problems of policy. -- with poverty. the state by and large has not

done the job it should have done. i have always to the state has abdicated its responsibility in providing education and health. the kind of thing society expects. i'm going to give a very personalized view on this. friendseen all of my and those who have lived abroad and gone back. lived like me who have abroad for 15 or 20 or 25 years are going back because they want to be there and give back to it. i know so many people who are setting up schools and clinics. a huge amount of charity work that is happening in pakistan. it is part of religion to give back to the needy. more than thatthere's a huge amount of, unemployment.

in people are employed household and homes. theses how a lot of people get their employment. a lot of families take care of their servants and their children. they send them to school and take care to education. it is an imperfect system at best. lots of issues. a lot of overpopulated -- poor countries face, not just pakistan. >> i would like to say what i learned the most about the family structures -- you help me with the title and the author -- other rooms, other voices. >> the author's half pakistan and half american. brit, i think? american. ok. he writes about the upstairs and downstairs syndrome.

his story appears in the new yorker. mosaan hamid he wrote a book. it has a catchy title. he wrote the reluctant fundamentals. the filthy rich in rising asia or something like that. it is the same structure on both sides of the title. white tiger isthe book talks about how the underclass lives in these societies. he talks about chauffeurs. that is like a class in itself. there are many, many books out there. what time is it? >> [inaudible] >> we will take quick questions. take two questions.

we will take three, >>. >> and wondered what the proposals are in the campaign and now for the economic problems? what is this program? -- what is his program? >> stock market in pakistan went up when he was elected. there's a lot of confidence in him. he's a businessman. i do not think he has put forward any plan or agenda. but there is a perception that if there's anyone good for the economy, it is him. he is a pragmatic guy. he knows how the system works. i do not know of any plan that he has put forward. >> we will know tomorrow. he will make his first address to parliament tomorrow. sayreviews where he will about the economy. he will cut government subsidies and cut back on the size of government by combining

various ministries. at the same time, the analysts have noted that in his budget you has increased the budget for his own private cabinet multiple times. we will see. [laughter] >> that is the best answer. we will see. >> could you say briefly what is happening in terms of education, secular, religious education? especially of the young people. >> it is hard to keep up with population growth. schools are mushrooming in pakistan but so is the population. i'm not very sure about the

extent of religious schools. i will tell a little anecdote. i was at a place in islamabad. a woman organized discussions. this was a discussion on gender in islam. you can see young men were there. they were lower, middle class. there were not well versed in english. they have this discussion with a woman who is conducting this. they were scholars of islam. one of them was going to the islamic university. i did not know such a thing existed. they had open minds and they were willing to discuss. they're going intominute issues i was not aware of myself. the speaker was well aware of what they were talking about. that was such a positive thing.

here are these young men who you think would be responsible for the taliban attacks. womanant to hear this talk about women issues. they had open minds. they said they would come back again and again. >> to reinforce that point, which is a good one, right after 9/11, we have this notion that all terrorists were bred in -- madrasas. thousands of questions about it. over the years, we have done some research. we know a lot more about where the terrorist come from and how they recruit and how they are educated. the studies revealed that the majority of suicide bombers are educated in public schools. they are educated in public curriculum.

which was redesigned during the '80s andhas a lot of what we would call hate language. a small percentage of suicide bombers came from -- madrasas. point number two, most of the young people in pakistan today are not even educated in schools. they are educated in private schools. it costs less. the still probably follow same curriculum, but the government in the past has provided three percent of the national budget for education where 60% of the national budget goes to the [indiscernible] defense. it is simply not the investment

of pakistan. private schools. threen sometimes the percent does not get spent. that is education crime. one more question. in the back. >> my question is about youth as well. you talk with great enthusiasm during the election. and particularly for the imran khan party. i wonder at this point whether the youth is disaffected it is the party did not win over all? or is their satisfaction that nonetheless? >> i think it is a bit of both. there was a huge amount of expectation.

it was beyond reality. they thought there would be an upset and they would upset the election. -- they thought they would sweepthere was disbelief. of the election. never really in the cards. how could this have happened. that was never really in the cards. i think the people in pakistan are happy with the way this election went. i think there's a huge amount of anticipation about things changing. everybody is looking for change andwe hope that will happen sooner rather than later. thank you. [applause] >> i want to say our president has a whole collection. of these mugs. [laughter] with her permission, i will pass this on. to madame ambassador. thank you. we want you to come back. thank you. terrific program. [applause]

>> what would with the world be like if they southern confederacy was on the southern border of the united states of america? think for a minute of the united states from baltimore all the way down to around florida and down along the gulf coast at the end of texas that would be a foreign territory. it would not be part of the united states. in fact, the united states would have no real access to either the atlantic or caribbean except for a narrow path from baltimore north as far as boston. the greatudden, atlantic coast of the united states is narrowed down to a point where it can easily be blockaded, everything has to be funneled through there. it does not mean the united states would collapse. it means the united states would no longer have anywhere near the presence in the western

hemisphere in terms of dealing with british intervention or french intervention. roger ransomauthor this weekend. we look at the life of palm springs, calif.. on c-span this morning, "washington journal"exam is the political news of the day and at 11:00 a.m., the trustees report on the fiscal health of medicare and social security. paul theutes, scott american alliance of manufacturing on the state of job creation and manufacturing in the u.s. and at 8:30, the outgoing federal regulatory commissioner discusses legislation to regulate electricity, natural gas and oil markets.

at 9:15, a look at the latest trends in school crime, violence, and safety. ♪ host: good morning and welcome to "washington journal". eric holder met with a handful of media organizations yesterday to talk about how the justice department has handled recent investigations of journalists. solvent media groups declined to attend because it was off the record. those that did have headlines along the lines of saying the attorney general will work to shift policy on the media. "the wall street journal," this morning --