estimates. our guest will be with the census bureau and from the pew research center. "washington journal"journal is next.

online, send us a tweet by you can alsoanwj, e-mail us journal@c-span.org. front-page of "usa today -- >>

and foreign-policy, "the cable" looksa t this -- the story drug is on the phone now. national security reporter for foreign-policy, thank you for talking to us. house knowe white that chemical weapons were used?

what are they saying is evidence of this? been a long time coming but the white house is saying to the syrian regime used nerve agent sarin multiple times. between 100 and 150 people have been killed using the chemical agent. this is coming from intelligence and is also follows reports that comes from blood samples taken from people on the ground from members of the opposition. the white house has set a red line. why is this significant and have we crossed it? guest: it has absolutely been a moving target. the president has been extremely cautious to say definitively whether or not president bashar

al-assad has crossed his red line. extent he is boxed himself in once he said the red line is the chemical weapons. it has raised a number of saytions from outsiders who that 93,000 people have been killed in syria. this has been done by conventional weapons so why doesn't even matter if 150 people have been killed with chemical weapons? -- why does it even matter if 150 people have been killed by chemical weapons? now that the united states is saying it has evidence that bashar al-assad crossed this it ons a lot of pressure demonstration to act in response. what we're result of seeing right now -- the shipment

of small arms that the cia is saying is responsible for getting in the hand of members of the opposition fighters. host: this is different than establishing a no-fly zone. how so and what steps are people calling for? guest: there is a big difference rightn that and a no-fly now we are talking small arms with the possibilities of anti- tank weapons. the white house officials have left open the possibility that anti-tank weapons might be in the hands of the members of the opposition. anti-aircraft weaponry is not under consideration at this point. zone is on the table but not likely right at this moment. is a full-fledged military venture. it would require taking out

serious sickness in the air significantserious air defenses and it would put american forces at risk because they would have to patrol the which -- in this sense we're talking about the shipment of weapons and we are not talking about heavy involvement of american personnel put at risk. host: you write in for a policy for "the cable" that there is a question of "waht's next?" what is congress's involvement at this point? guest: that is a very good question. members of congress, especially those that were either on the fence or have already been advocating for more military engagement have jumped on this issue very quickly, issuing

statements along the lines of "it's about time," which can be attributed to a statement by the ranking member of the foreign relations committee. republican chairman of the house foreign affairs committee has previously opposed united that the region has released a statement that the red line has been crossed and it is time to send weapons over. this feeds into so many members of the congress advocating for a military posture. he will probably be emboldened by this decision by the white house to definitively declared that the rabbi has been crossed and advocate for a no-fly zone.

it is really watching for whether the ministration would be involved with a no-fly zone. host: john hudson, national security reporter for foreign policy. thank you so much. guest: thank you. host: we are asking you this morning what you think of this development, the united states plans a summit -- our first call is john in arlington, virginia. caller: i know some of my republican friends cannot wait to get involved but there is also a substantial number that are not really happy about whole thing. obama administration is pushing for a diplomatic solution, which was emphasized in some of their comments, particularly by the secretary of

state and other people, then maybe this is an ok thing at least as an organizational thing. this has the potential to go to world war three. this is not libya. a no-fly zone would be actively involved in the russians in a confrontation if they go that way. it assumes that the syrians cannot throw something out of the country to hit one of our bases, which they might be able to do. this is going up a lot of -- it could be pretty dangerous. some of the stuff is bag. we do not know where the use of gas weapons came from was it a local situation? united states has people that believe that the rebels even try to use captured weapons. it is a little bag. aatever it is -- it is

little vague. whatever it is it should not have been done. let us be careful about this. let us make sure we are objective of the coverage. libyans have people in there, there are saudis in there, there are all kinds of arms going in there. a little bit more objective coverage would not hurt so we do not get into the same situation where we got into in iraq. host: let us look at some facebook comments and twitter tweets.

michaels our next caller, a democrat in philadelphia. calls that have been coming and are typical of what i would expect from people that would not seem to understand or appreciate the legacy of iraq. every case is different. in the case of syria. -- in the case of syria, not only is there a humanitarian issue but obviously there is a concentration of abuses from the government. support more direct from their own super power posts -- superpower host.

we do have an interest in the region. turkey is a nato member. we have interest in israel and jordan. we have troops in a number of those countries. we should just let the syrian conflict keep going with unrestricted russian support for the syrians by the russians, by iran and hezbollah, and not from the people who are being victimized by them. the idea that that side has some problematic evidence -- problematic elements and the suggestion that those elements would be more problematic if we do not fund them distressing into the hands of people that

are more radical. does it make more sense to have funding and support for that moderatehat the more elements are supported rather than the truth fundamentalists? host: let us take a look at a couple of stories. our caller brought up a humanitarian question. we see this headline from a "the washington post," and "the wall street journal," points out --

as john hudson from foreign policy to a list that is not happening yet but there is a question as to whether that could happen in the future. "the wall street journal" says, -- independent.n caller: i remember the axis of evils speech several years ago. host: why are you bringing that up? why is that relevant to this conversation? caller: the axes of evil speech

included syria. host: we are all ears. caller: that included syria. i remember james baker and the third went out throughout the u.s. and set up offices. this is nothing more than corporate international fascism. host: the washington post reminds us that president bush introduced the concept and the axis of evil was meant to include a iran, iraq, and north korea. georgia.will go to caller: in the united states we

had a civil war going on right now 750,000 people were killed in the united states in order to continue slavery. look at the 99%. look at what is going on in north carolina. --t you have is john mccain -- i havet freedom one question i would like you to ask someone. would you ask how many people in syria are backing assad? host: what you think about the headlines we just showed a moment ago that says that the syrian death toll has topped 90,000? at the lost him.

he mentioned senator john mccain. let us hear from the senator himself. before presidential candidates, he spoke on the senate floor yesterday -- [video clip] >> we understand that the american people are war-weary. andemain in afghanistan iraq is unraveling. americans are weary. they are tired of reading the casualty list and the funerals and the tragedy is that the fall american families. that is why neither i nor the senator from south carolina are saying we want boots on the ground. in fact, we do not want boots on the ground. it would be counterproductive. we know it would not lead to victory. we do know we can provide a incredible insistence unchanged as battlefield -- incredible insistence -- incredible assistance and changed the

battlefield. i think it would be wise of the president of the united states to go on national television and explain to the american people why we are stopping this genocide, why we are assisting the people who are struggling for the same things we stand for and believe in. why the united states of america went to bosnia, why we went to -- a no -- to cause of low to eliminate -- democratic congressman tweeted this, -- we are asking you what you think of the u.s. decision to a syrian rebelso aid syrian

-- we see in a comment, cindy writes in -- if you like to join the conversation, republicans can call us at -- let us look at what "the washington post" says --

a caller from texas, independent line. caller: i did not think obama is going to be talked into anything. this is a serious mistake, to get involved in this. -- there are tanks already tanks, billions go to egypt. our casualty'se with our money. senator mccain, with all due respect, he did wear his boots on a different ground. to say boots on the ground -- we talk about people who do not wear them. we are going to end up being on the ground just like in libya. anytime you do this sort of thing we get there with weapons.

did the samey thing that obama was talking about doing himself we would be up in arms protesting just like we did with george bush. tot: would you be willing see some of the actions that are communicated right now, arming rebels, if you knew that was all that was going to happen? that is not how that works. host: let us go to mark in brighton, massachusetts, a republican column. caller: i just want to make a few points. backnk people should step and -- syria is turning the tide. earth would they start using chemical weapons? it does not make sense.

the other point is that al qaeda, which is the rebels -- which leads the rebels -- why are we supporting al qaeda in this fight? aren't they the enemy? with people,pute our people not understanding? host: some news stories make some distinctions between the various rebel groups. let us turn our attention to congress. we learned that intelligence communities -- intelligence committees were briefed on the -- let us hear from georgia republican talking about a no-

fly zone. here's what the senator thinks about it. [video clip] >> i said for the last several weeks that doing nothing -- continuing to do nothing is not an option. we know now that almost 100,000 or exit -- or excess of 100,000 people have been killed in syria. we know that a redline was the use of chemical weapons. we now know that chemical weapons have been used for almost a year by the syrian regime. we have done nothing. i think it is time we act in a very serious way. if a no-fly zone is what they decide to do than i sure our military has taken the right preparations for successful operation and support that. host: our next caller is on the democrats' line from maryland. i'm this point to make a brief comment -- i am just going

to make a brief comment. getow others want to involved in this war we have going on in syria. -- the way i look at it is we should not even get involved. let those people fight it out. they have been fighting since before christ and we are not going to stop them now. adam not know what the policy should be for the country that the way we do things is let them fight and -- let them fight it out. we are going to come take your resources later, your will, your gas. gas.ur oil, your they need to be taught that there are consequences to fighting one another. what i am concerned about is the fact that every time something came up, poor americans are the

ones who have to pay a price. and his rich republicans fight the war. john, an independent call from oregon, go ahead. caller: [indiscernible] -- i got starving kids. how come these corporate rats? host: let us go to laurin from illinois. theer: i think it is to forest to get into another war. they payd out iraq,

this back with $100 oil and we are broke. linda scut alfred from florida on our democrats line. good morning. think the u.s. should mind their own business. we try to please the whole world. we try to police the whole world. you cannot go to the whole world like we own it. there has to be a place where the united states has to say we just cannot do this. we need somebody else to help us in this type of situation. all of these countries

like great britain or china? in the unitede states that are starving, that do not have jobs. we do not have to get a involved in everything. let the syrian rebels by it out amongst themselves. images inre seeing the newspapers of some of the people who live in syria. this is a picture in "the washington times closed " -- -- -- washington times" the you see pictures like one we're showing right now of what is happening, does that does theur opinion, influence your decision on whether or not the united states should do anything?

i missed a little bit of what you said a just wanted to of what you said, but i just wanted to comment on the poison gas. the poison gas facilities they -- last year now mccain is sucking up to them. it is very disturbing. is responsible for a these these $90,000 -- 90,000 people in syria.

one of the things we're seeing oilof this is climbing prices. that is pretty much it. host: i will throw this to you, what the thing about the situation of the people in syria? we have seen a couple of pictures of children and the wounded, does that influence or affect you? caller: it certainly does. i am very concerned and i and a lotat our cia of power in our government are responsible for this revolution. adam inll go to abington, maryland. he is a republican. caller: i want to comment on that last caller. the guy attacking the cia and say we are part of the 90,000 -- he obviously has an issue with

and it isce services way offline. saying maybeleft we should have a no-fly zone for a humanitarian purposes. you have the right saying the same but more so that we are -- we of the ones who represent freedom across the world so it is important we have a no-fly zone because of that purpose. all i am saying -- the most important part president obama has to think about is the exit strategy. if we learned anything from iraq, it was not the entrance, it was not the 30 day invasion that was successful. it is the exit strategy. if they can figure out the exit strategy, how you depart when you have done a no-fly zone, or if you do give some annexes in their howdy make sure nobody gets hurt -- if they can figure , if theyxit part of it

really future plan the american people will support it. people are dying and maybe somebody can do something. host: thank you for your call. nbc looks at a recent poll they did with "the wall street journal" --

reechoing two are democrats line -- we are going to our democrats line in arizona. what you think? can hear me.e you i just woke up but i feel passionate about this. we used agent orange all over vietnam, which is a chemical. bombsd depleted iranian -- depleted uranium bombs. the warsaw never meant to be one, there were meant to be sustained, as well as the afghan war. sendnk it is ludicrous to the military to stop killing, because that is the point of the military. is there any other will be could

possibly do this? many who are talking about sending american soldiers are still talking about sending arms, is that different for you? i think we lost her. here's a tweet. dave from north carolina, an independent, hello. out like to make a call out who said that john mccain makes speeches, warmongering. his people that are going to be fighting this war. that caller was exactly right. you said -- you showed images that are heartbreaking. there was a headline in a couple

of days ago full of images that were heartbreaking. i cannot feel sorry for these people. it is not our fight. i disagree with obama about getting involved in this area in any way. i think it is a complete mistake. we do not understand what is going on over there. at these pictures, isn't it heartbreaking? why do they have to ask us? why do they not ask these other countries that are keeping their distance? while they build we talk -- we tear ourselves down. an article about los angeles court systems haven't closed courts. and firead to cut back people.

-- have had to close courts. we have had to cut back and fire people. it is wrong and stupid. the line, you mentioned a humanitarian question, what you think about the geopolitical struggles? we have seen other countries report to the syrian government. do you worry about them haven't too much influence in the country, countries like china or iran or russia? caller: nobody can control another country. essentially it two south. the iranians are going to make the same mistake we made. term gain buthort- in the long run they are pointless out big time. we are losing out big-time for policing the world. headline --

we also see a story about turkey -- it says there was a measure of, among some protesters. of, amongst protesters. the supreme court justices have ruled that human genes cannot be patented in a unanimous decision. that is a victory for women who carry a genetic risk of ovarian cancer. -- future impact on genetic research may be limited. as we look at some other stories, this about the question of these nsa and the breach of

security -- and officials fear that the leaker has more files, we see that from "washington post." looking at politics in washington d.c. -- we are watching immigration to see how the bill takes shape. and then a push for gun control , "washington times" says -- story,t political hillary clinton is taking the

stage and the speculation heats up, according to the york times. it says after a temporary tour -- we will turn our attention to the freedom coalition. we will see speakers including former florida gov. jed bush, representative alan west, and mark sanford. and c- live on c-span3 span radio. we are asking what you think about the u.s. decision to a syrian rebels with arms. let us hear from harry on our republicans line. caller: good morning. i would just like to say few

things. is gettingll assad what he deserves. he rigged the elections and make sure that his regime stayed in power. that is a problem. the of the problem is the muslim brotherhood is mostly behind a lot of the intentions in syria, as well as the fighting. i say this because i have personal knowledge that the so- called rebels' freedom fighters have taken advantage of the syrian christians -- they have committed murders, atrocities, destroyed century-old churches. i believe if the u.s. gets involved militarily it is a very slippery slope we are going down unfortunately our president does not see it that way. potatoes but it was enough to get the administration

to move. i cannot believe we should be supplying arms. humanitarian aid, of course. host: here is what michael tweet sin -- democrats live from kingston, ohio. ofler: we have a lot problems here in america and i believe we ought to focus on that. from sterling, colorado. -- tim. like to comment

about all of the killing. believe there is enough of them relying on the people. the people are paying their bills and put them in power. destruction and the strength of life when there is so much in this world we need to focus on. the sovereigns have to show love and compassion and care of people instead of killing people. i do not understand what is wrong with this world. people are so greedy. when they get power they want more power. that is all i have to say. thank you for taking my call. host: some facebook comments --

mike in georgia, democrats, co- head. thank you for taking my call. i am a supporter of president obama. i have to disagree with this decision. i think he is feeling the pressure of of the scandals. one that is serious is the nsa thing. situation. the dog this has been going on for a year and 150 -- whenever there is a lot of lives it is a terrible thing.

of people were killed with conventional weapons. this to me is a red herring. people like john mccain are out there beating the drum of war. tomorrow he'll be trying to review what happened when some americans got killed with the same weapons he is beating the drum to get sent over there. killed byare being islamists that all were about to help. they have to be careful about who they are about to hand these weapons to. is a tweet -- callsyou for all of your and comments, coming up next we zandi.ned by mark

later on we will take a look at the latest numbers from the united states census bureau on diversity. breaking tenure in was up britain yesterday. he is the longest serving member in u.s. history. theous talking about current state of u.s. congress. -- here he is talking about the current state of u.s. congress. [video clip] >> i feel troubled by the fact that we, the congress, did not seem to learn from the important lessons. that is the meaning of the body of which we are a part of. congress means coming together. together to come work for greek congress's -- for

great causes in which they all have an important interest to share. we have forgotten this. i am hopeful that as we move forward it will come to our mind again how important it is that we pull together to work for a common good. that we come to something that my dad used to teach me, "i can't look at one of my neighbors and say, ' your end of the boat is sinking'". it is important we understand how important it is that this nation is a treasure beyond any pitted it is the first time -- beyond any. it is the first time a nation

forsurvived as a democracy over two hundred years. preserving something of this kind is very difficult. when benjamin franklin came out of the constitutional convention one day a woman came to him and she said, "what have you given that democracy or kingdom " he looked at the woman and said, "we have given you a ."public, if you can keep it our struggle is to keep his republic. host: mark zandi is with moody analytics. strong is the economy right now? economy is growing at

about 2%. the valuable things is to%. just for context, that is what we have been growing in the last four years. this month is the four year anniversary of the economic recovery. sometimes it has been a little stronger. when you look at volatility is 2%. it is not great but steady flow growth. in "theheadline washington post," -- hearing from the fed and what are you watching on wall street? a must to get faster growth we're not going to get the unemployment rate down. it is at 7.6%, that is way too high. a good economy would be 5% of

the unemployment rate. the fed is pushing to get the -- there is quickly some concern on wall street about how exactly -- how much exactly the our point to provide to the economy. we feel this volatility in the stock market. how athe bottom line is lot of people feel and how their personal bottom line is fairing. how are you watching americans consumer habits right now for indicators as economic strait that -- for indicators of economic strength? guest: we are selling about 15 million vehicles. the peak of the recession it was down 2 9 million cars.

16.5d economy would be million. we have made a lot of improvement. if people are feeling really good and feel like they have a lot of discretionary income they will be eating more at restaurants. the unemployment rate at 7.6%. we are watching other numbers, including those that are underemployed. average long-term unemployment is over 36 weeks. what does that tell you? guest: we are improving. the unemployment rate peaked at 10%. that is improvement but it is well away from a good economy. i mentioned five and have been to benchmark. we have mentioned in other statistics that are important for the labor market, how many people are unemployed, that is

still very high. weak, barelys very keeping pace with inflation. the other statistic you mentioned is the number of people who are unemployed for a lengthy period. economy is better and the job market is better. we have come a long way from where we were five years ago but we have a long way to get out of this whole. host: if you like to talk with the chief economist at moody analytics, here are the numbers -- and let's talk about housing for a moment before we go to the phones, we're seeing this headline --

mortgage rates have risen but they are still low compared flee. are we facing in a potential double. a the-- are we facing other potential bubble? guest: we have a long way to go from that. phoenix,ng markets are the bay area of california, these are markets that were crushed by the downturn in prices in the collapse. are a long way off from bubble-like conditions. you could see the flipping speculation -- people cannot get that kind of market. a really interesting statistic, 43% of home sales are for cash. that is not a sign of speculation or bubble. we are a long way from that. host: here is a story in "the

new york times" -- making it impossible for first- time buyers to compete." guest: first part of the recovery is having investors come men -- come in. they change the psychology of the market. two years ago there was a deflationary psychology, people did not want to buy home because they thought prices were going to fall overnight. the investors come in and push up prices, psychology has changed. we are getting to the point where investors -- it is no longer a slam dunk for them. transitionsee the from the demand from investors to the demand from first-time

home buyers. i think we will see the transition over the next year or two. but we are seeing in the housing market is not atypical. host: the numbers from lipper shows that while mortgage rates are at a 14 month high the are still at 3.89%, that is a 30 year average. of refinancingst applications and basic home purchase applications. that ise were at 3.5%, unbelievably low mortgage rates. 3% is still incredibly low. is still very affordable. what might happen is with this rise of interest rates, it might convince buyers that maybe they should buy now or they will lose the opportunity to get these low mortgage rates. we might see the market picked up a little bit of activity. up aght choose things

little bit. host: he is the co-founder moody's -- his focus include macro-economics. on ontwitter, you -- he is twitter. what is dismal scientist? there is a section of your website that focuses on that. guest: it is called the"dismal scientist." thes the idea that economists are part of the dismal science. was goingd the world to go down the tubes because the population was growing exponentially but the food supply was growing led nearly. that became the moniker for economists and dismal scientists. to go withmy idea that name.

let us hear from dave in quincy, michigan. caller: good morning. i was looking at some unemployment rates online this morning. the chinese have, i guess in the last eight years, have a 4% unemployment. maybe we should hire them to run washington. sure what you're referring to. china. guest: the nation of china. host: their economy has a continuous 4% unemployment while the united states runs about 8%. we should hire the chinese to run washington since they are much better at controlling their unemployment than our administrations are.

hast: the chinese economy the marvelously well and has been experiencing strong growth over the past 10 to 15 years we do need to take their data with a bed of salt. -- with a bit of salt. it is hard to know exactly what is going on in the chinese economy. that is why economists take a look at a lot of different things and try to gauge what is going on in china. what is going on with electricity production, production of electricity is pretty hard to manage the statistic. the tradek at statistics can get a sense from the other side of the trade. is doing well, it has done fabulously well. it has lifted a lot of chinese out of poverty.

we do need to take the statistics with a grain of salt. host: let us hear from pittsburgh, pennsylvania. was calling to say that the economy is doing jobs, but as far as the it is foreign trade and technology that is costing so many american jobs. that needs to be changed. let us go back to "made in america." good point make a that globalization and trade has had some negative impacts, particularly on people that are having a hard time competing in a global marketplace. it has contributed to the

skewing of the distribution of income. bottom half release struggled as compared to the top part of the distribution. this is because of the globalization and technological change. having said that lemme see to things, having globalization has had a net positive for our economy. there are winners and losers, no doubt. if you take a look at the whole shooting match together it has been a significant positive for our economy to help raise our standard of living and it has made us a stronger economy. the second thing i will say is that the dynamics are starting to shift and american companies have done a marvelous job of improving the competitiveness and improving productivity. there are in very good competitive shape. i think going forward the fruits

of the global economy are going to be more evident to us. more jobs for everybody top to bottom. i think there will be a significant net beneficiary of the global process. it has not been as clear in the last 20 years. this was when the emerging world was very difficult to compete with. there now at a point where large middle-class will buy what we produce. we are positioned to benefit enormously from globalization. host: one of our followers of twitter rights in and asks -- the key is our administration has had come together we have to raise the treasury

debt limit and fund the government. the government wants out of money unless we get another piece of legislation. they have to come together before september and sign on the dotted line. if they can do that in a reasonably graceful way, i doubt it will be graceful, but that they can do this without doing too much damage, think we are in pretty good shape. fiscal policy will become less of an issue. my guess is that one year from now, it will not be on the front page. that's because the private economy like businesses and households will be off and running and we will be in good shape. having said that, we have issues longer run. it would be nice if we could make some progress on the obvious issues like entitlement reform. we will not be able to pay for medicare and medicaid 20-30 years down the road unless there

are changes and also tax reform. that seems like a pretty obvious thing. our tax code on the corporate side and personal income side are not helping us. in our competition with the rest of the world. onhink both sides can agree some things. we just need to come together to hear that one out. that would be a big plus. had this story a couple of weeks ago -- it reminds us about the intensity of the brinksmanship that took place back in 2011 over the debt ceiling3. before the end of this calendar year, we saw stories about the economy and negotiations in congress like sequester and debt ceiling. we are about seeing those headlines seven prominent right now. why not? >> i think politics has shifted. imf economists all i am stepping out of my strike zone a little bit. i did sleep at a holiday inn

last night so i will take a crack at it. if the politics have shifted. the couple of years ago, the thinking was that if i push on these issues, i can gain some political traction. that did not work out so well. remember the debt limit the bottle back in the summer of 2011. that scared everyone to death. it did a lot of damage to the economy. the republicans and democrats understand that it is less likely they will go down that path going forward. in terms of what it can do to the economy, it is much less serious. two years ago in the summer of 2011, the economy was still weaker it was only two years into the economic recovery and the collective psyche was fragile. if you have this kind of brinksmanship, it does damage to business decisions about hiring and investment and household spending.

damageit would do less because we are now four years into recovery and the collective psyche is on stronger ground and the employment rate -- the unemployment rate is lower. i don't think it will hurt as bad. it will hurt and it is not wise for politicians to go down the brinksmanship path. from matthew, an independent college. caller: thank you for cspan. do you believe arms sales in any fashion like large arms or small arms in the united states or outside the united states will have an affect on the economy in basic dividend way? believe the value of gold or the value -- or the dollar goes down? regard to arms sales, defense and offense parliament is a big business.

it is a significant number in terms of exports. it is not inconsequential. in the grand scheme of things, the defense industry is small. it is not a big number but it is meaningful. when we sell arms overseas, it is part of the exports that we have to the rest of the world. it is not inconsequential. in terms of gold and the dollar, there is an inverse relationship between the two, or at least there has been a significant one in recent years. there might be a number of reasons for that. the dollar isf falling, that would be inflationary to some degree and it means that import prices would rise more quickly. generally, in an inflationary environment, investors are more

interested in gold. you will see more investors coming into gold the bad drives up the price there are other leakages but yes, in general, there seems to be an inverse relationship between the two. an analyst atdi, moody's. let's hear from marshall, texas, on the republican line. caller: thank you very much. i want to be respectful -- host: are you still with us? yes, i want to say that i take your economics like you take the chinese economics, with a grain of salt. to make my point, i remember when the auto companies were asking for bailouts, gm initially asked for i believe about $14 billion.

the democratic congress told them no, come back with fuel of this and vehicles and we will talk. they came back with about $18 billion they were asking for. no again and a great economist mark zandi testified that the gm projections for sales are too optimistic. you said they would be $75 billion to keep from bankruptcy. and we get the $75 billion and gm still goes bankrupt and, lo and behold, their sales projections were not that far off. they have recovered. that ratedis the one junk bonds aaa? make one quick point -- i am part of moody's analytics so i am not part of the ratings agency. i have nothing to do with the ratings and i don't know what they are thinking there.

of the auto bail out, i was quite proud of my role in that period. was a very difficult decision, obviously, it's very difficult time and there was no good answer there. i thought it was important to help the automaker is navigate through the bankruptcy process. this was simply because they could not go away normal bankruptcy. if they went to bankruptcy, like gm and chrysler, they would have come in all likelihood, been liquidated. there was no financing to help them navigate through the process as there would be in a normal time when financial markets are functioning normally. that was not the case back in late 2008 and early 2009. i think it was necessary for the government to step up and provide help. it has worked out pretty well, i think.

chrysler is now out of the hands of the government and gm is very far along the way. government will lose some money on the deal, it is not clear how much, it depends on the price they get from gm stock. at the end of the day, it saves taxpayers money because if the government had not stepped up and help gm and chrysler out and they have been liquidated, -- this was a judgment call -- this is my judgment -- it would have been a real mess. millions of jobs would have been lost in a time when we were already losing millions of jobs and i don't think we could have taken the chance if i were king for a day, i would have done some things differently. there were some things i did not like about the process. but this was a very difficult time. people had to make decisions very rapidly. views,ompeting political it is hard to do that. i think what we got was pretty good. i'm actually quite pat -- proud

of that period. it was an important time and i'm glad of my role in it. host: we saw in the economics blog in " the new york times." let's look at what we see in terms of federal jobs and a sequester. in may, we saw 14,000 jobs shed and since march it has been 45,000 altogether and prior to that, we saw about 4000 jobs per month already. we have seen a real uptick. what are you watching for and what are your concerns about the sequestered? impact andving an

you can see it in the gdp data. there were big cuts in defense spending and the furloughs are heading in the q3, 900,000 government workers will have some furloughs during that time. they are now starting to kick and so it is having an impact that is one of the reasons why the economy is still growing that is why we are growing 2% because of these fiscal theeases are weighing on economy. thegood news is that negative consequences of all this has been less than i would have anticipated to this point. the script is still being written and next month for the month after, when you have made back, i may sing a different tent but so far, it is weathering the storm pretty well. that goes to the strength of the private economy and the second point is that these cuts on

fiscal headwinds, if there is no fiscallicy changes, the headwinds will fade as we move into next year and a better private economy will start to shine and we will feel better. our next caller is from grand rapids, mich., democratic column. caller: good morning, you started off early talking about investors are buying up housing , corp. investing as i call it. a group of investors, let's call them banks, buy up all the houses which they already talk through foreclosures and the houses are only worth so much. when they go to resell on the market, they jack up the prices and because of the job market, everybody works at burger king and i cannot afford to buy a

house of the banks get all the money and all the property to the point where they have everything. i do not understand when you take out the people like myself, how does that help the economy when banks are buying property? that does not make any sense. the other thing is when you talk about jobs, what happened to the promise of the education of nafta? that was supposed to be the biggest -- biggest thing. the high-tech jobs were supposed to get trained for, they are cutting education, they are met privatizing education, our colleges are so expensive. i have three children and we have never -- we can't even send them to college. there is no way. that is the average life of the

average american. that is the majority of americans. host: let's get a response guest: you sound very frustrated and i can understand that. the housinge question first and then the question about education. in terms of the point on housing, the investors that are coming into these distressed markets and buying these properties, there are two types of investors. one is called mom-and-pop investors. these are people live in a neighborhood, just a normal homeowner and they see a foreclosed property in their neighborhood and they can sense that that property has very good value because they know where they live and they know the school district. the step up and are buying property. in fact, roughly speaking, half of the purchases by investors

are not by big institutional financial wall street types. it is just a mom and pop investors. in terms of the institutional investors, they are not the big banks. the big banks are actually selling the property. are hedge funds, private equity firms, groups that come together and pool of money to get a because they sense an opportunity. bossedppens in every market when things really go bad. you have these opportunistic investors that come into really did not make the mistakes the bad times. they did not make the bad loans or extended themselves. they are in good physical -- financial position and they are coming in and buying up the property. that is part of the process. i sympathize with the idea that prices are now rising and it will make it more difficult for first-time home buyers to come

in because the prices are now higher. on the other hand, if these investors had not come in, the market would not have turned and prices would still be declining in the first time home buyer would still be locked out of the market. hass not ideal, but it worked reasonably well. deep into those investors are, it is not the same big banks that got us in trouble with a bad landing back in the mid part of the last decade. in terms of education, i am on board with you on this. i think we are really falling short with respect to educating our kids. if we are of the day, going to have a strong and viable economy for everybody, we need to bring up the educational capability of the population and that is k-12 and higher education.

energy timeot of and resources in providing student loans but that is not improving the affordability for these kids because many of the universities are capturing the state of laws by raising their tuition. the poor kids are really going nowhere. we need to re-think educational policy and think about how we can increase the supply of educational services and make it easier for kids of all income groups and all parts of the country to avail themselves of those educational resources. i think we need -- we really need to work on that. we will not sell the next month or next year but of which are working on it today, it will help the generation of tomorrow. "the wall zandi, street journal" at this story yester day --

from twitter - i can't get my mind around and i can't get why anybody would use big coin. ith all these safeguards, does not feel safe to me. .aybe i'm not a first mover i will let someone else go first and see how it goes nc of it works out but i am skeptical. a year or two down the road and see how things go. sterling host:, kentucky, independent college. where i live, i work for an auto supplier four.

things really slowed down. they got to be where they were laying off but right now, things are really looking good. went from eating baloney to eating steak, if you know what i mean. guest: that is great. what schools should do kidsart looking to put into more career-type trade work in schools and start teaching them in sixth and seventh grade or maybe eight grade and start figuring out what type of path they would need to do in life. instead of teaching abc is in school --

all these other countries, that is what they do that is so they can get a step ahead guest: you make a good point. germany, for example, spends a lot of time and energy with regard to educating kids for various kinds of tradecraft. they don't necessarily go on to college and university in higher education. they learn a trade and some are quite good at it and that has been very helpful for the german economy. verye has been struggling sick evidently in the last couple of years but yet the german economy is doing quite well there are efforts in the united states to go down a similar path. some companies are teaming up with universities and they tell the university that i will help pay for faculty and your laboratory and help pay for training. in return, the university will give input into your curriculum process so i know that when

these kids graduate, they have the skills and talents necessary to do well in my business. that is a fruitful way to go in terms of trying to improve the educationa of the population. we need to raise the educational temperature of the population and that's the only way we can compete and let people from the bottom to the top. host: from cnbc - what policy decisions would you like to see coming from the federal reserve chairman, ben bernanke, and we will see and deliver his semi-annual testimony next month. what are you hoping to hear? guest: clarity. his message got a little model of the joint economic committee a few weeks ago. he created a bit of confusion as to exactly what he has in mind with regard to quantitative easing in interest rates. i don't think his views on

policy had changed her what they have in mind has changed, is just the message got a little model. next wednesday, he has a press conference and i think he will be crystal clear in what he is thinking nothing has changed body has to be clear about what he is thinking and that will help calm market and we will be off and running. it depends on the outlook for jobs in particular but my sense is that by the end of the year, before he leaves the chairmanship, he will begin the tapering process, -- he's got his foot flat and the excel his foot flat got on the accelerator. caller: thanks for taking my call. mark, it sounds like you're optimistic about the economy and its outlook my question is --

how do you think the immigration bill they are trying to force down our throats, possibly legalizing 20 million low-wage workers, that you are probably not going to collect data lot of tax money from that will get more benefits than us, how will that affect our economy in the coming years? guest: here's one very important thing i think the immigration bill needs to do. that is to make it easier where people with lots of skill and education come to the united states and stay in the united states. in my view, if you are a foreign national and you come to america and an accredited american university and get a degree, we should make it easier for you to stay because these are talented and skilled individuals. they will have high incomes that will generate a lot of tax revenues and take care of themselves and their families. if you come to this country, you've got to be very

intelligent and motivated and ambitious. they will start companies and generate jobs and there'll be a net benefit to the economy. if anything comes out of the immigration process, i think that is the most important thing. there is a lot of moving parts here and some have negative economic consequences but we can get that one thing done, i think it will be a huge plus. host: democrats line, hyperion caller: thank you for taking my call. it is my understanding that in the last century, the strongest source of u.s. well was manufacturing. it seems like we lost at least half of it permanently how, if ever, can we recover without manufacturing? guest: good question, i am optimistic about manufacturing and i think it is coming back. if american manufacturers survived what we went through

and are coming back, that is a bright spot and they are primed for growth. aerospace, computer technology, sophisticated materials come sophisticated instruments -- various kinds of chemicals and pharmaceuticals -- i think we will do quite well with regard to manufacturing and the energy revolution which is real is a for manufacturing. the use the kind of energy in their manufacturing process. we have low natural gas prices and that offers an opportunity for manufacturers. 10-20 years from now, manufacturing is going to be a bright spot for the economy. host: last call, deer park, washington, independent line. caller: this is a complicated question. in kiwi,on per month

since the dollar is no longer fungible and the lead can get free money. why don't they let the american people do the flip trip? .he dollar is printable the elite, of for the american people remember your face, thanks. host: are you still with us? the kiwi is $85 billion a month so it is bigger than you think. is not a slam dunk positive. there is a lot of negatives. host: quantitative easing, for those who don't know. the guest: is referring to the buying of these bonds. sympathize with your concerns

about the quantitative easing. fedpolicy makers at the argue over this all the time. they talk about the down sides to what they are doing so no one is comfortable with it. at the end of the day, it is a net positive for the economy you bring up the dollar, if you look at the dollar and a broad trade- weighted basis, the value of the today is exactly what it was equal to five years ago before the recession. it has been up and down like anything in the financial markets but the value of the dollar has held its own. it is hard to argue that it has been debased in any way by this policy. it is not what anyone would like that this economy is not what anyone would like. extraordinary times take extraordinary action. at the end of the day, this will win the day. one year from now, if you ask me

back, i think we will be doing , so muchst: mark zandi for being with us today. coming up next, we'll take a look at the latest numbers from the census bureau on diversity in america. all weekend long, cspan 3's american history tv and cspan to's book-tv will feature the history of literary life of north carolina's capital city, raleigh. here is the raleigh mayer talking about the city today. growinggh is a rapidly tempered we have about 414,000 people in the city of raleigh now and about 1.5 million in the metro area. we are the fastest-growing city in the country are the last 10 years. we have a very diverse economy here as opposed to some cities that are focused on one thing. one of our blessings is our university system. we have a research triangle park, research and development

has always been a key piece of what we do and we see clusters -- clusters of video game in which is used in the military for virtual trading. alternative energy is very big. the fact that there are so many different things i think is really helpful. we did very well during the recession because we did not have any one huge section of our economy that failed. some states have home rule and the cities have more latitude to do what they want but we're the kind of state that the state sets the parameters for what we can do and enables legislation. sometimes, we might want to step out and do things more, we have to get permission from them. sometimes there is give-and-take and sometimes they might not like what we are doing. have a state legislature that represents an entire state. we talk about the two economies

of north carolina. we've got cities like raleigh and charlotte which are booming. investing in ourselves and we have a great history of people that believe in this place and understood what it took to make it great. it plays like this does not happen by accident. -- a place like this does not happen by accident >> >> she started her teaching career in 1916 in a rural school on a sea island off the coast of charleston. she continued her career in urban schools in south carolina and spent most of her teaching career in south carolina. in 1956, the state of south carolina passed a law forbidding state employees from belonging to subversive organizations such as the naacp.

she lost her job and a retirement and then she developed the citizenship education program to be used during the civil rights movement. >> the like -- the life of teacher and civil rights activist septima clark,. this is saturday at noon eastern on c-span 2's book-tv and sunday at 5:00 on cspan 3's american history tv. "washington journal" continues. week, we take a look at the latest data from the census and we're joined by alexa jones, a cheap of population estimates, thank you for being here. we're also joined by a devera cohen from the pew research center. what are the big takeaways? we saw headlines in the papers talking about the latest census

news. what are the big takeaways? guest: we released our 2012 estimates yesterday for the nations, states, and counties by demographic characteristics. there are a lot of data involved in this release. there is a couple of this slide. group are fastest growing this year. the hispanic population increased to 53 billion and we saw an increase in the number of counties that are majority- minority many 50% of the population is other than non- hispanics white allowed. a 11% are now majority-minority. we also see the u.s. population getting older. this is not uniform across the country. do the headlines shows there are more deaths than births with whites?

how do you determine that and what the numbers? use a number of sources, data sources, and i have a chart on the source of growth. by race and ethnicity. the population estimates used most recent census. than the national population grows by natural increase and net immigration which is the movement of people across the borders including the movement of the armed forces overseas. this chart shows that the source of growth barrie's by race and ethnic groups. if you look at that bars, the total net credit for each population group, is natural increase in yellow. if you look at the non-hispanic white population on the right,

you can see that the natural population ishat slightly negative. there are more deaths than births to that prepared the population still grew for that category because that emigration out with the national increase. host: if you'd like to join the conversation, here are the numbers to call. we see that the u.s. population is up but it is slowing. what are you seeing beyond what is happening to the white population? what is happening overall? >> there has been a slowdown in growth for a number of reasons. one reason is that international immigration, people moving here from other countries, has slowed

dramatically, particularly since the onset of the recession in 2007. we have documented that the unauthorized population of people who come here without legal status, that migration slope has reversed brother may be more people leaving them arriving. that has had an impact on overall growth. the other thing we see is a slowdown in fertility, births, with the onset of the recession. we see if your number of births and lower birthrates among all groups. impact. had an may have leveled off and maybe when the economy picks up, as it seems to be, people will have babies they postponed having. the third thing that has slowed somewhat is migration, people moving from place to place. that has had an impact in various states and local areas. host: tell us about these numbers in terms of the population. guest: the total population

reached about 314 million in 2012. shows the relative size of population groups in the country. alonen-hispanic white population was almost 198 million or 63%. hispanics are the nation's next largest group of 53 million in 2012. they comprised 17% of the u.s. population. from there, you see the black, and native pacific islanders. as we look at the question of who was making up the bulk of american publishing, what could the effect be an entitlement programs as we look at spending that has to happen as the nation ages but also spending that has to happen the poor need to rely

on programs like medicaid gu. guest: the median age is rising. the 65 and older group will go up dramatically. it is now 13 or 14% of the population and will rise to about 20% by 2016. at the same time, the working age population, people 18-64, will decline as a share of the overall population. that means essentially there will be fewer workers per elderly person. right now, there is 4.5 working age people per 65 plus americans and that will go down maybe 2.5. people might keep looking launder at older ages. be an issuegoing to and that has been identified by social security and others. that is the engine.

we also have to look at who is the future work force and the future population. most of the growth will be coming from the non-white population, latinos, asian- americans, african americans. we need to look at how those groups are doing in terms of their education and their incomes and well-being. that will tells where the country will be going in the coming decades. host: let's here from ohio. caller: i think you just answered my question. i was asking about the aging work force. i am concerned about the opportunities for young workers to enter the workforce because of that factor. that is a good question to raise. some people have mentioned that as elderly people stay in the work force longer and, indeed they are, the trend toward early retirement seems to have been reversed over the past decade, many people are finding they

cannot afford to retire so they stay in the work force longer. or they just want to stay in the work force longer. what effect does that have been young people? some of these older workers are taking jobs that younger people wouldn't be a qualified yes. certainly, is an issue the public is concerned about, something that needs to be watched. host: lebanon, ohio, yes. caller: what is the trend of individuals declining to self- identified themselves ethnically and secondly, if that trend continues, at what point would make the date set statistically insignificant? guest: that's a very good question. i don't have any particular information on the trends in self-reported. to report as their

ethnicity. we need to rely on people to form a basis for the population estimate. earlier thetioned aging of the population and we see that the non-hispanics white alone population is nearly 15- years older than the hispanic population differentiate between a non-hispanics white -- wide use that title? terminologye that as a traditional term to represent the majority of the population of the country which is non-hispanic white alone. with census data and we estimate that forward. those are people who said both that they were not his back and also indicated they were white alone, not in combination with any race. bureau treatsus

hispanic as an origin? guest: hispanic is an origin and you can be hispanic or non- hispanics. for race, you have your choice of any race group on the form or others you can write in and you could be raising combination or a loan. in terms ofo we see the aging of whites but also the ages of other groups? at the chart,look you can see the breakdown of each population by three major age categories. there is the under-18 population in orange, 18-64 in yellow, and 65 + is in teal. those of their percentages of those at the crowds that are in the age category. for the non-hispanic white alone population has most of their

number is in the aging population. host: georgia in florida, welcome. -- you galsve got look very lovely today. a someone being called black? if they are 3/4 white, they are always tagged as black. i have known sicily and that look more black than president obama. when someone is a tinge of black, do you put them in a black category? white wooden to put them in a white category? host: how to use self- identified? guest: i am 100% caucasian. we rely on self-

reporting. it is a matter of how that person identifies themselves. if they identify themselves as black along, they would be single race black or if they identify themselves as the company's abrasives, they report them on the census form and that carries forward. we make an effort to not make decisions for people about what their identification should be. it is about what they themselves shuster reports. host: let's look at the percentage change in the black population. tell us about the numbers. guest: this map is interesting. it shows the percentage change in the population in the last year. one thing you'll notice is that while we have traditional areas of a high concentration of a black population in the south in particular, you see increases in the black population in areas that are not those traditional high proportion black population areas.

in light aren't in the south, they declined in the percentage of the black population. host: why are these numbers significant and what are you watching? guest: one of the things that is knows about the black population is have concentrated it is in the south. there has been a trend toward return to the south for movement to the south in past decades. in the '70s and '80s, there was net loss of the black population from the south. here paint a vivid picture of how concentrated this population is in the south despite the dispersion. host: let's hear from mike in bennington, vermont. caller: i don't understand, i am kind of offended -- who is paying for all these studies?

we're trying to bring the country to gather and yet we have a program like you are doing. i don't understand why we do this to ourselves. if somebody is here illegally and whatever color they are, they should be allowed to be left alone and not steady to death. if they are illegal and want to be here, whatever color they are, they should be allowed to come here and live like our country want them to be. host: let's get an explanation of how the process works. start by saying the population estimates are built on the senses and we don't actually go out and do additional data collection for this particular effort. we rely on data that had been collected via the census and the national center for -- national center for health services and other sources. it is not a unique data

collection to gather this set of information. it is vitally important to know the composition of the united states and where people are located and how many people are there, what their characteristics are. it serves as a way to help states and local government where to locate services and what kind of services might be needed any particular area. we hear all the time that local governments appreciate the population estimates because it gives them a sense of how their local area is growing and changing. alexa jones is with the u.s. census bureau and d'vera at thes a senior writer pure research center. let's look at the population over 65 and where it is growing. in yellow, we can see areas where it is growing 25% or more guest: i wanted to mention that

on ball, the population aged 65 and older is growing. in the last year, increased 4%. it merely makes up 14% of the u.s. population. this is due in part to the baby boomers aging into the 65 + category. or 66 in baby boomers 2012. this shows the proportion of each county that is 65 years of age or older. the county's john and yellow are ones in which more than 1/4 of their population is 65 +. and we see that highly concentrated in retirement areas like florida. host: what do you read from this? are there any surprises here, and the areas where we expect retirement communities or what are we watching? guest: one of the important changes is something not shown on this map which is what will the baby boomers to as they age?

will0 per day turn 65, they stay in the work force longer and get themselves a boost toward retirement and potentially boost the economy? what will their health status bay. so far we hear they are healthier than their parents that there is concern about some chronic conditions like obesity. what will their retirement decisions be. slowed since the recession began. i think that may have affected some retirement destinations. ill people so-called age in place or go down to traditional areas like florida. the future of this group is unknown and being closely watched. host: we are talking about the latest sense of the census bureau information. our next caller is from southampton, pa.. caller: good morning and thank

you for cspan. changingcinating, the demographics. i am a little older and there is a really change here in my state especially college-aged people. i had children in college and they seemed obsessed with the race issue. it is different with a lot of taboos. one of the big things about the immigration issue is that the so-called amnesty and the change in numbers of eligible people are people brought into the country. it has political implications. when youerspective, people who are unemployed or underemployed, financially, we are in bad

shape. talk about aging and social security. it is being estimated by a think justthat the cost of this, for the 11 million alone, will be in excess of $6 trillion over their lifetime. we certainly do not have the money. the other thing is the fact that we are giving green cards to 1 million people per year. what bill law will do is it will increase that so that over the next 10 years, there will be 30 million people that would be brought into the country. we see a story in " the new york times " --

how do we look at those numbers in terms of people coming in. people are coming into the country versus the ones born in this country, our these numbers significant tax guest: we have seen a slowdown in new immigration to the country, especially folks who are not here legally. that may have an impact on the population going forward. looksk the census bureau at that its projections. we are doing a set of projections later this year. we will also consider whether the slowdown in emigration might be something that will last and not have a longer-term impact. emigration is certainly an important force and has been for balking at the problems -- populism places that have lost population in some areas. it is a contentious issue. our own polling shows that most americans still feel there is conflict between immigrants and

u.s.-born americans. it is a conflict that is perhaps as old as our nation and we will just keeping working get out. host: joyce is on the line from florida. happy -- i am understand self- reported that the categories are not there. if you are half black and half white, but parents might call kids- white and when the become of age, they call themselves black. need a category for biracial, black and white at least. that is where the figures will get sorted if they are not already distorted. there is not a category for them. just choosing which you want to be today and choosing what you

want to be tomorrow -- that does not make accurate. when you go to a doctor's office, the same thing is there. there is nothing there except for the category of other. i don't understand with all the biracial children today why there isn't more categories. we collect the senses and have estimates of the combinations of multiple race. for these particular figures i brought today, they are grouped to give an easy way to talk about this. he'd go on our website, census and gotgov, you can see the details and communications. we have each individual combination available at the county level. i think there is rigid data there.

host: let's hear from charlotte in tennessee. caller: i wanted to talk to alexa jones - it sounds like a collection data is racist to me. out howpoint is to find services are given to state, local, and federal, you would go by in come. i really don't like the census report. like thet is targeting lady said kellogg by racial, why not american, american. it just makes me uncomfortable. host: ok. guest: i would like to emphasize that it is important for us to have this data at local level so

people can make decisions. it is not asserted that people are tying funds says of the to a population group but it is that we need to know who is where and some of the reasons we did the population by these democratic process, is so local leaders have the information. there are places where you need information on race to be able to make decisions if things are being handled appropriately. how: can you weigh in on the pure research center uses the numbers? bureauwe love the census and we wish they had more data and we got more often but we're happy with what we get. where wet race issues have a center that is a project of research devoted to hispanic

and latino issues. we have looked at the growth of that population because it is not the fastest growing in terms of numbers but it is the largest minority group and one that will be contributing to the largest number to various groups, especially the work force. onalso used census data family structure, on who is having birth, marriage, or lack thereof. we make a lot of use of census bureau data. host: can you address the other calls we receive for the viewers raised concerns about how the numbers are used or how people self-identify? why is that still useful? the census bureau will say everything they collect is required by congress. , thatple feel concerned

is where you make those ideals known. race has been a trouble since this country was founded and how we measure risk categories has changed a lot with the times. census and at the the 1800, there were many sub- categories of groups who do not use today. even today, many people feel theirself identification does not fit the categories offered. i know the census bureau is stubborn -- studying how to refrain the question in the future and have been some proposals from outside like the former census director, who just set people up for itself identified by whatever means they want. by whatevertified means they want. from barry inar

new hampshire. caller: one of the callers has touched on best. i think it might be beneficial if we did not categorized by race. i'm not sure what benefit we get by doing the analysis. thing with regard to the aging of the population, certain people were either federal government employees or work for certain companies are required to retire at a mandatory age. becomes theage minimum age. everybody works until that age. as an airline pilot, i had to retire at age of 60. i am 74 and still in good

health and still pass my faa medical and i would have been working the last 13 years paying my taxes and i was earning a decent income. rather than collecting social security and living like a drain think the, i mandatory retirement is something that should do -- that we should address. utah rob the older population. i would like to hear your comments on that. this is not directly responsive to the mandatory retirement age but there has been a bit of a movement toward what people call encore careers for older people. you could get a part-time job to keep your brain active rather

than just retire. put outone thing i can there. i think we have seen mandatory retirement ages rise in the past and maybe this time to take another look. host: let's hear from michael in new york. caller: one question -- what is the birth rate of these is a killer groups? i believe the neutral birth rate is 2.11%. is there any data on that? that would tell us how fast the population is going toward hispanic or black. host: we've looked at those numbers and you can tell us about it. guest: the numbers are available on the census bureau website.3 there are good statistics on the website. source of growth -- you can

see the high numbers of hispanic and black birds of large numbers of asian and we have more information on the website. host: that website is cebsus.goiv. thank you both for being here. we were also joined by the pew research senior writer, vera cohen. we appreciate your time. we now go to the floor of the house of representatives. chaplain conroy: let us pray. god, our father, we give you thanks for giving us another day. bless the members of the people's house as they gather at the end of another week in the capitol. endow each with the graces needed to attend to the issues of the day with wisdom that the