its a rainy and oil imports. expecte more that we can from japan on compliance with and whatanctions, should we look for from the country as we continue to see how sanctions can hopefully bring iran to the table to look at negotiating on what is happening in iran? back their efforts have been significant in reducing their dependence on iranian oil. they have indicated they will continue to make efforts to reduce their connections. , so are our partners hopefully all of those together will help ring pressure on the iranian regime. >> thank you.

-- will help bring pressure on the iranian regime. >> inc. you. >> i want to thank you for your willingness to serve. you are at an interesting time. also regional security issues. i think you are going at a fascinating time and that you are up to the challenges in your future. willingnessr your to serve. >> thank you, and you have a lot of friends in auboston.

time to you for taking visit with me last week to -- tos u.s. -- japan discuss u.s.-japan relationships. while there are many topics to cover from our security alliance gas,pan's need for natural i want to focus our time on one of our significant exports. as i mentioned previously, soda ashes some and you talked about in the past. -- something you talked about in the past. he talked about how he stood with the wyoming commission, and

that putoming 15 votes your father over the top to get the nomination. but 50 yearsit, spokeesident john kennedy .t the university in laramie 13,000 people attended. was on the stage with president kennedy, as was the secretary of the interior who serves on the committee. moment formorable many folks across my state.

president kennedy talked about scientific application of knowledge. ash, and people thought it was a skin condition. a few years ago there was no need for it. even if it had been sought, it be found because techniques had not been developed. now it is a necessary agreement in the production of glass, steel, and other products. as a result of harnessing science for the use of man, this great new industry has opened up. the united states is the most

competitive supplier of so -- in ash in the- of soda world. the green river basin has the deposits.est known it is a key component of glass and chemicals. long been regarded as a standard of quality. japan has a 3.3% tariff, which we discussed. now we have formally join the trend. transpacific harner ship. of all the countries, japan is the only country with a ash.f on u.s. soda it is important to eliminate the terroris when -- the

-- tarriff. my question is will you commit -- if you will advocate for the elimination of this natural soda ash imports. soda >> i would definitely make that commandment. i did pass along your concerns, and they have soda ash so that -- will be important in their negotiations. i look forward to working on this with you. >> we talked about the cash crop. forward toing pursuing every opportunity to eliminate trade barriers, increase imports to japan for all u.s. industry. i appreciate your efforts.

to talk aboute liquefied natural gas, where we had the opportunity to export. i know talking to the ambassador with japan that they have great interest in importing. >> there has been a 43% increase in our sales from japan this and hopefully they will continue to accept more high- quality u.s. beef and natural .as senator cardinal just approved a project, so it is a win for both countries. i look forward to working on that, because it is a benefit for all of us. >> thank you very much. about sodaow more than i ever did. >> congratulations. this is an exciting hearing.

i was struck about the appointment the -- about the poignancy. your father received a congressional medal of honor, and here you are about to receive this post, which is attributed to the deep friendship between the nations. accident.'t happen by it happened because of diplomacy. it happens because of the of the people. we don't have to assume ostilities are permanent. who are we at odds with today? wonderful allies in a few decades. there is a real element of hope and optimism because of this lives ofnd how it the

our two nations. two questions i want to ask. in thenormous upside because of the specific status of negotiations, but i wonder, are there any potential downside is? is there any in your dialogue with folks on the japanese side thus far or your briefings -- that there is a worry in a rebound and with asia generally? is there a concern it would deemphasize the strong relationship between u.s. and that we continue to make sure japan knows how special this relationship is? you for reminding us all. i am conscious of the evolution and how mytionship family and my appointment is

emblematic of that, and it is something i am honored by. states ande united japan are facing an important moment, but it is a moment that is all promised. the asia-pacific region is the future in many ways. trade,% of the world's and there are many opportunities to strengthen this alliance. hopefully i can contribute to that. i am hopeful that whatever issues crop up we can work through as we have done so far. just to connect a couple of

dots, the japanese continued is aase of oil from iran troubling thing. continue to do what enron -- make sure iran does not obtain nuclear weapons. japan has scaled down. we think they can do more, but they have their own energy challenges, especially after fukushima, that put constraints on them. there is a connection between their ability to go further and this issue. i had a dialogue recently with official inrnment another asian country that does not need to be named, but i was really focusing on this issue -- how could we help you reduce your reliance on oil from iran,

and they said the main thing you can do is increase natural gas. important asset for us to contemplate in working with japan. the better they are, the more they may be able to take usitional steps and help with that important goal we share of making sure enron -- he doesn't develop nuclear weapons. i want to encourage you in that regard. >> thank you. senator mccain. >> thank you. welcome, family members and our beloved vicki. i know ted is very proud to have traditionontinuing a

of long-standing service to our nation. i had several meetings, but i think it's important to re-emphasize several points. that tensions between japan and china are higher than any time since the end of world war ii. is very high on the agenda of japan and china, and significanteen presence,a military and the new prime minister on new prime minister is committed to defense spending on the part of japan. a lot of that has to do with concern over the aggressive nature of china in the south china sea. i'm sure you are aware of those

tensions, and i'm wondering if you share my concern about this situation. >> i think it's a matter of great concern. i think as we spoke about the u.s. military and the japan cornerstone ofa the region, and the u.s. is committed under article five of our security treaty to support japan, but overall, our priority is this needs to be resolved through diplomacy and for all parties in the region to seek to lower tensions as much as possible. >> you know the united states position has been that we support japanese management of the islands but do not ornowledge the sovereignty integral part of japan that the

policy embodies. do you agree with that policy? it's a long-standing policy of the united states, so that would be a policy i would try to take further. view of thef our region, there has been an announcement a couple years ago by the administration -- at first they used a word pivot, of there-balancing military in the region. one thing we have been wrestling the movements is of u.s. marines in okinawa. it's a very volatile issue with the people of okinawa. be accomplished, and we have watched with great we still havend

not achieved the movement of the to aes out of okinawa suitable replacement base. we know that some will go to guam. some will go to a new base that is being built. i hope you will give this issue of very high priority. okinawa,incident in and you will see a very serious reaction from the people of okinawa, and they have to be ensured we are making progress on the issue, which in my view, has been fraught with delays and expenditures, which is almost an embarrassment. >> i take seriously your concerns, and i thank you for expressing them to me in your

office as well as here this morning, and i look forward to learning as much as i can and studying this closely and move thisth you to forward. >> we look forward to visiting with you and your future at taxpayers expense. think you for your willingness to serve. >> think you. you.ank >> massachusetts is very proud of you today. your mother and father, aunt and all of your family inspired generations of people to public service. you are the embodiment of someone who has dedicated her people and your uncle ted -- every member of really was very

special in the lives of our you are continuing that story, and i think it's important for the country to given asking not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country, and you are doing that today, and all of us appreciate it, following in this tradition your family represents sitting behind you today. i was wondering -- are there any personal priorities you might have going to japan? is there anything you might want to share with us that might be part of something you might want to accomplish during your time in japan representing our country? markey, you, senator and they give for mentioning my family. i feel i am the most fortunate

to be part of such an inspiring family, and i am fortunate that not only is my immediate family here but my cousin timmy who , so the special olympics i'm very honored and happy to have their support. ofope i can make them proud me. in terms of my own priorities, as a woman, i have opportunities to represent the united states and the progress we have made on some of these issues and the dialogue about what needs to be done here and there, so i am looking forward to learning about those issues if i am confirmed. backgroundause of my and because i have been engaged ,n helping younger generations

i am hopeful that because president abe has made education part of his reform, i hope i role inve a significant encouraging young people of japan so this alliance can continue to go forward and they friendshipse same they have enjoyed until now. >> the ambassador lamented the number of japanese students coming to the united states, and that is a big part of the understanding between the nations. your focus is absolutely on the money. it's where we have to be. i just want to tell you how and i think of you,

you're a gold ted is really proud of you -- i think your uncle ted is really proud of you and your service. >> thank you very much. >> you have acquitted yourself very well. >> the record will remain open until the close of his miss on friday. if the nominee receives any questions, we ask you to enter them expeditiously so we can consider them at the next business meeting, and with that, you are excused. >> thank you for this hearing. >> here is a look at the week ahead for congress. the senate meets tomorrow at 2:00 eastern time. on tuesday they will return to executive session to debate and negotiate a judicial nomination. they are expected to debate a bill that funds the government through september.

you can watch the senate live on c-span 2. the house will gavel back in wednesday at noon. expected to come up, a bill to increase the debt limit. members will be looking for what action the senate takes. you can watch the house live on c-span. >> we bring public affairs of vents from washington directly to you, putting you in the room hearings, white house of vents, and offering comp lead gavel-to-gavel coverage of the u.s. house, all as a public service. the cableated by industry and funded by your

satellite provider. now you can watch us in hd. televisionring on laws. ingorneys represent communication testify in this two and a half hour hearing. >> i think were ready to go. good morning, ladies and gentlemen.

to theome you subcommittee on television laws. circumstances surrounding disputes over our satellite .elevision laws when it comes to video, i believe there are some points with which we can all agree. americans love to watch and want to have as many choices available at the lowest possible price. instances the licenses are served effectively, i believe it is safe to say that they are not without shortcomings. the classic example is when a popular show is suddenly unavailable. you go home, looking forward to seeing that particular show, and

you are unable to get it. you are likely to turn off the television and call someone to complain. learn one truth. as we begin this review of satellite licenses, one of goals .o situations our priority will be to protect , butnterests of consumers when there is a problem consumers are left with no recourse. highlyast by our

qualified panel of witnesses. i am pleased to represent the ranking member for his opening statement. is thek you, and today first of what i believe to be a series of meetings to discuss the 119 which extended license until 2014. created aiewer act copyright compulsory license for the benefit of the satellite industry to retransmit television signals to transcribers. the license was originally intended to ensure the availability of programming to

satellite or fighters and to foster competition with the cable industry, which has enjoyed a compulsory license to andansmit content in local instant broadcast symbols since the passage of the act of 1976. the intent of providing licensesy copyright was to facilitate investment in new creative works in the cable industries by eliminating the direct negotiation with the copyright owners for the use of signal programming. through the 119 compulsory license -- although it is and therefore the focus of reauthorization, it is

statutory,omplex, and regulatory framework governing satellite retransmission of broadband signals, making it virtually impossible to consider whether to reauthorize in a vacuum. the committee which has jurisdiction on key regulations that govern the broadcast market has held multiple hearings in this congress on whether to repeal, revise, or reauthorize stella. years ago the judiciary committee also grappled with a number of issues that emerged in the marketplace in an effort to simplify and modernize what was largely received as an

thehronistic regime for revision of broadcast program. most immediately we addressed the transition from analog to digital television. issues the committee considered remained unresolved while new technologies further disrupted the market with innovations we could not foresee less than a decade ago. i believe we have a unique opportunity to tackle some of the big issues that will define the future of video. comp also re-licenses represent complementary licenses represent a departure. when compulsory licenses were first enacted, the cable and

satellite industries were in their embryonic stages. is estimated over 90% of american households subscribed to a pay-tv service. myriad of elements that should be under consideration. these licenses are still necessary to foster competition, of it?ld they be part how many consumers truly benefit from these licenses? is copyright functioning in a way that meets the goals of national media policy? it cannot be denied that

incumbents have entrenched interest and investment in a complex framework created while -- created by law. would an abrupt dismantling of this structure be unfair to those industries and harmful to consumers? 10 current law keep pace with new technologies -- can current law keep pace with technologies that seek to export ambiguities in the legal framework? what constitutes a public performance or retransmission -- for retransmission and consent purposes? the cbs time warner cable dispute resulted in a temporary blackout for some consumers. is that evidence of a broken system, or does it reflect a robust free-market? also, how should we address or should we address a nascent online video distribution model

that in the future may very well displace the traditional distribution methods altogether? are these internet-based video distribution models the new kids on the block, entitled to comparable statutory imposed obligations and prohibitions, or is the time for government intervention over? these are a few of the broad policy questions that i think are relevant in this space. i believe we must determine whether the current regime is working to ensure that content providers and distributors, old and new, are appropriately compensated and incentivized in a way that provides a

competitive environment for consumers. we have an impressive and diverse group of expert witnesses today, with very different views on how the marketplace works, and how it has developed, and most probably what the rules of the road should be moving forward. i look forward to the testimony today, and to continuing this dialogue in the future. i yield back, mr. chairman. >> thank you. the distinguished gentleman from virginia, mr. bob goodlatte. >> thank you, mr. chairman. i look forward to the testimony of the witnesses. for decades, the vast majority of americans have relied upon satellite and cable services for access to a wide variety of video content ranging from nighttime entertainment for their families, educational shows for their children, local and national news with information that informs them,

and public access channels that empower americans to see their local state and federal representatives in action. as a numbers of content continues to increase, consumers subscribe to additional sources. americans are embracing these additional services to such a degree that society has coined two new terms. cord shavers, and cord cutters. for those who are reducing or eliminating traditional video subscriptions. according to the fcc's latest report, in addition to free broadcast content, 100% of americans have access to two satellite services. 98% have access to these services, and one local alternative. 35% have access to two satellite services and two local alternatives. marketplace competition has grown significantly since the last activity in this area in 2010, when congress enacted the satellite television extension

and localism act. there are three compulsory licenses in title 17 impacting this industry, one of which expires at the end of 2014. this committee will concern whether a reauthorization of this compulsory license is warranted. as the written testimony demonstrates, some interested parties are advocating for congress to undertake more than a simple reauthorization, and look at other matters surrounding the video marketplace and competition policies that appear to have become more prominent recently. one core factor this committee will weigh as we consider these important issues is ensuring that copyright owners maintain the right to distribute their intellectual property as they choose, and this committee has traditionally disfavored compulsory licenses. another core factor we will weigh is ensuring competition in the marketplace. consumers and intermediaries benefit where there is robust competition. efforts that involve competition issues deserve this committee's

oversight and ongoing attention. the written testimony of the witnesses this morning highlights the importance of both issues to the video marketplace. as this committee continues its oversight and legislative activities, i look forward to hearing from all interested parties about their perspectives and concerns. i thank the chairman and yield back. >> the chair recognizes the distinguished gentleman from michigan. >> the satellite television extension and localism act is full of options that we have

witnesses to. i want to thank the chairman for keeping the witness list down to seven. i understand we ran out of tables and were not able to put on any more people than are here. i want to consider these options. i look forward to the witness testimony. two considerations. one about copyright owners, and the other about consumers. we must protect copyright owners because it is there a property that forms the basis of the

entire scheme. compulsory licenses are generally not favored because they distort the marketplace and result in below market rates being paid to content owners. second, we must enact policies that protect consumers and safeguard competition. consumers benefit from increased competition because more competition usually produces lower prices. copyright owners do not benefit financially from retransmission consent agreements, which is at the heart of these disputes, despite the fact that the signal only has worth because of the programming contained on the signal. i think we must focus on principles of localism, people who subscribe to cable or satellite television have so

many options, there is never a shortage of something to watch. even with all these choices, people still highly value their local news, their local sports. they need these local channels to deliver emergency information. localism and the affiliate relationship also benefits copyright owners by allowing their programming to be publicly performed in every market across the country. i conclude by observing that there will be circumstances in which these principles will conflict. i look forward to working to

ensure that the public interest can best be served through satellite carriage of broadcast television signals. i think the chairman for allowing me to make these brief remarks. >> we have a very distinguished panel before us today. i will begin by swearing and the witnesses. if you would please rise? do you swear the testimony you're about to give is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you god? let the record show that all witnesses concur with that. i will now introduce our panel. we appreciate everyone's attendance at this hearing. our first witness, executive vice president, chief research. he's responsible for overseeing development and research, while serving as deals liaison to his industry associations. he received his ba in psychology

and sociology from the state university of new york at stony brook. our second witness is executive vice president, general counsel and secretary of the dish network. he is responsible for legal and government affairs forh es. he received his bs from the university of vermont. the third witness testifiedtoy l association of broadcasters. he has more than 25 experience years of experience. he received his ba degree from the university of virginia. chairman goodlatte has asked permission to introduce our next witness. >> it's my pleasure to welcome our fourth witness and my constituent, mr. earl mckenzie, chief operating officer, testifying on behalf of the american cable association with 35 years telecom experience. he is responsible for daily operations of many subsidiaries. he received his ba in accounting from the college of william and

mary. >> our next witness is our fifth witness today, vice president of public policy. he's responsible for the company's regulatory and legislative affairs, and received his bachelor's degree from santa clara university. our six witness -- sixth witness has testified today on behalf of major league baseball. he joined in 1977 and has served as outside counsel to major league baseball on copyright and telecom issues for more than 35 years. he attended northwestern university. our seventh and final witness has testified -- is testifying on his own behalf today. he served as former president of abc television network, and

former executive vice president of the walt disney company. he received his ba from the university of maryland. we will start with you. you will be the leadoff hitter today. as is obvious to all, we have seven witnesses. this can take a long time. we try to apply the five minute rule. when that green light turns to amber, that is your signal that the time is running out and you have a minute to go. at that point, we would appreciate it if you would wrap it up. we will a tried -- try to apply the five minute rule to ourselves as well. why don't you start us off? >> thank you. my name is paul do not owe, and i'm executive vice president chief research offer -- officer for nielson. nielsen is a global media and marketing research company that measures what people watch in 100 countries.

in the u.s., we are widely known for our television audience measurement service. over the years, nielsen has developed innovative technologies allowing us to expand our measurement services. through these technologies, nielsen has the capability to measure consumer internet purchase habits, listening trends on terrestrial internet and satellite radio, and help consumers utilize social media. our instrument reports are relied on by a range of public and private sector stakeholders to facilitate business transactions and engage consumer trends. it is also used by the federal government to define markets. most discussions of stella and its predecessors begin with a conversation about nielsen's dna.

the designated market area is a collection of counties which share a predominance of viewing to broadcast stations licensed to operate within a given standard metropolitan statistical area, as defined by the omb. predominance or dominance of viewing is defined to indicate that for a particular county, homes may view broadcast stations licensed to operate from different but generally nearby metro areas. the dma with the predominant viewing is that metro area whose broadcast stations have the highest share of audience for that county. we start with new york and los angeles and continue on through the 201 dna markets. existing dna regions are testified -- tested to verify

that the dominant share of viewing from each county continues to be from broadcast stations licensed to operate from within that same home metro. all assignments are based on share of household tuning between 6:00 a.m. and 2:00 a.m. sunday through saturday -- tuesday through saturday. there are rules that nielsen exercises when it appears that the predominance of viewing may be shifting. these rules try to balance the need for stability in television markets. at the same time, the need to assure that town these are assigned to dna -- counties are assigned to dna. if there is a shift to broadcast stations from another dna, that shift must be statistically significant. nielsen instituted the dna system in the mid-1960's to measure the number of viewers in a particular area, and to connect sellers and buyers of

advertising. it allowed for the creation of a market where buyers and sellers of local television advertising could do business with each other based on impartial information by third-party. advertisers need to know that they are directing towards audiences they want to serve. with an estimate of $72 billion for the entire year, that is a market that fuels the great entertainment and news programs this country produces. with the emergence of satellite and cable, the landscape of the industry changed. the new technology allowed companies that carried television programming to expand their boundaries, specifically television stations who were previously limited to being viewed in the local dna. while new technologies open new horizons, they also create new problems for the television industry.

the industry needed rules to determine which local stations could be carried in which local markets. in 1992, congress and the fcc established rules governing which local television stations could be carried in which local markets. nielsen's designated market areas were adopted as a guideline for determining which local stations could be carried. nielsen did not recommend the use of the dna's purpose, nor were we ask for technical assistance on the use of the dnas. it was a decision made entirely by congress. as he were to learn more about future trends and video use, we will be happy to assist you however we can. i look forward to your questions. >> thank you, and congratulations. you beat the illumination of the red light. your entire statements will be made part of the record.

>> chairman goodlatte, ranking members, members of the subcommittee, i appreciate the opportunity to testify today. i am general counsel of dish network. dish is the nation's third largest paid tv provider. we are the only provider of local television service in all 210 local dma's. consumers can use features to have greater choice and control over their viewing experience. dish pays billions of dollars for the right to distribute content. we believe that outdated laws need to be upgraded. public policy should support preservation and expansion of consumer video choices. as distributors like dish offer

advances in technology, some programmers are crying wolf, saying this time the threat is real and they will not be able to survive the onslaught of innovation. the challenges to the dvr are a perfect example. we believe in consumer choice. we believe congress should protect consumers against the growing problem of blackouts caused by retransmission consent dispute. in 2010, there were 12 blackouts. in 2011, 51. in 2012, almost 100. in 2013, we have had 84 blackouts which puts us on track for a record-setting year of 120. the length of the blackouts a number of consumers impacted are increasing. the consumers are the real victims of these one-sided negotiations. some broadcasters are coordinating their negotiations with each other. the american television alliance, a coalition whose membership encompasses cable,

satellite and telco providers, and in which dish is a member, has unified and called for changes to the outdated retransmission consent rules. we propose that when a local network station is pulled from a consumer due to a retransmission consent dispute, the video distributor should be able to provide another market's network signal. the broadcaster whose signal is supported would be compensated under the distance signal royalty rate. this will at least allow consumers to keep their network programming while negotiations continue. if the broadcaster's local content is as valuable as they assort -- assert, importing signal is a poor substitute, and there will be incentive to reach agreement. americans living in remote and underserved areas have benefited from stella. stella allows americans residing

in predominately rural areas to receive distant network signals. the distance signal license sunsets at the end of 2014 and without reauthorization, 1.5 million american households will be disenfranchised. third, in the three years since the last authorization, the video industry has not been sitting still. americans increasingly want to watch on the go. over the years, dishes has done much to responding -- respond to change. in summary, we believe the government should work to ensure competitive realities. thank you, and i look forward to answering any questions you may have. >> thank you, mr. dodge. i commend you for beating the light. >> good morning.

my name is jerry waldron. i'm testifying on behalf of more than 1000 free local over the air television members of the national association of broadcasters. your broadcast constituents urge you to keep in mind two principles. first, free, locally focused broadcast television should remain available to american households. your review of stella should not be used to create new exceptions to copyright law that undermine those contractual relationships between broadcasters and satellite or cable companies

that enable broadcast. for broadcasters, localism is coverage of local news, severe weather and emergency alerts, school closings, high school ports -- sports, local elections and affairs. our broadcast stations are also a way the local businesses inform the public about its and services -- goods and services, and create jobs and support your economies. there is no doubt that your constituents rely on our service. broadcast television remains unique because it is free, it is local, and it is always on even when other forms of communication may fail. the subcommittee should ask whether the expiring section 119 signal license continues to promote localism, and whether it is in the public interest. it could be argued that the distance signal license served

its purpose in 1988, when the satellite industry was getting started. served its purpose when dish and directv first launched their small receiver services in the mid-1990's. in 2013, when dish and directv are two of the largest three paid tv providers in the country, the distance signal license is a vestige of a bygone area -- era. over 98% of all u.s. television households can view their local network affiliates by satellite. the number is growing all the time. no public policy justifies treating satellite subscribers in the local markets as unserved, which would deprive viewers of the benefits of locally focused service. there are no technical reasons for failing to serve all markets. the subcommittee should continue to encourage localism and

consider whether the section 119 license should expire. in re-examining stella, you are likely to hear from those seeking enactment of new exceptions to the copyright laws that would undermine broadcast retransmission consent rights. arguments that broadcasters have too much leverage, or that retransmission fees are directly responsible for rising cable bills are wrong. local broadcasters and pay tv providers both have an incentive to complete retransmission consent negotiations. they always do, before any disruption occurs. there are exceptions, but they are rare. disruptions from retransmission consent represent 1/100th of 1% of all annual u.s. television viewing hours. consumers are 20 times more likely to use television programming service because of a

power outage than because of a retransmission consent dispute. in the small number of instances where these negotiations have resulted in disruptions, there is one distinct pattern. the involvement of time warner, directv, and dish. since 2012, these three companies have been party to 89% of all the disruptions nationwide. in contrast to what some suggest, retransmission consent payments are not responsible for high and rising paid tv prices. two cents of every cable bill dollar goes to consent fees. that is true despite the fact that during the 2011 season, 96 of the top 100 most-watched primetime programs were on

broadcast television. the committee should understand the retransmission consent negotiations are about more than just fees. these negotiations increasingly include hard discussions about how we can distribute our content across a variety of new platforms, such as hulu. your local broadcast constituents urge you to rebuff calls from the paid tv industry to expand the narrowest examination of stella solely to give them an unfair leverage to market-based negotiations. they give for your time -- thank you for your time. >> good morning. your mic is not on. >> good morning. as a smaller rural provider, our costs per subscriber are greater. despite the higher cost, we still provide our customers with the same service enjoyed by urban customers. it is a challenge not made any easier by certain laws and rules that govern our business. one of the simplest issues i

have raced to the committee today is the competitive disparity that stems from the fact that certain laws governing the tv industry are reauthorized every five years. the cable industry does not benefit from such periodic reviews. congress has not made a broad legislative change to the cable rules since the 1990's. if congress wants to conduct such a review, one set of rules that has worked and should not be changed is the cable copyright license. it continues to serve its goals and compensating copyright holders for the retransmission of their work. any stakeholders agree no significant change to the license is necessary. if congress were to repeal the license, it would be burdensome for the cable firms to anticipate all the copyrighted

works that would need to be cleared before they are aired on broadcast stations. the repeal would create uncertainty in the marketplace for us and our customers. should congress reach a different conclusion, any change to the existing license must coincide with reform to the broadcast carriage rules such as retransmission consent, because they are legally intertwined. there are a number of problems related to outdated rules and regulations governing the cable industry. with limited time, i will focus on two. this committee should be aware that there are dozens of instances where separately owned broadcasters in the same market are colluding against the cable operator with her negotiation retransmission consent. this typically means that two

broadcast stations with exclusive market rights that are protected by the government use the same negotiator to conduct negotiations.

♪ are is

but there is one lesson that is already abundantly clear. our country is drowning in a sea of guns. one of monday's victims was a district resident whose family already had been tragically touched by gun violence. arthur daniels was 51 years old. that day, the simple act of going to work, going work in the morning, cost him his life. sadly it was a price his family had paid once before.

his widow, priscilla, told me how their 14-year-old son was murdered just four years ago, shot in the back while running from an assailant. senseless gun violence like this is an all too everyday fact of life here in the district and in our nation's other big cities. but it is a fact of life which we must stop accepting. the navy yard, sandy hook, aurora, virginia tech, columbine, the streets of our cities. why is it that every time we seem to let ourselves become inured to the horrific violence that these places represent?

why is it that these tragic consequences and these tragic occurrences never seem to move us any closer to ensuring that guns don't get into the hands of criminals or mentally unstable people? i don't know the answer. i do know this, that this time it happened within the view of our capitol dome. i, for one, will not be silent about the fact that the time has come for action. thank you. >> ladies and gentlemen, as admiral hillard has indicated, our navy lost 12 teammates during monday's attack. these were members of our navy

family. these are our shipmates. they are mothers and fathers, sons and daughters, going to work to provide for their families and serve their nation. you know, the nature of our navy family is that we serve together and we depend on each other in times of need. we celebrate each other's successes and our triumphs, and we grieve together in times of sorrow. now these shipmates dedicated their careers to building and maintaining the finest navy in the world. they worked alongside one another for a purpose greater than themselves. simply put, they are the best naval engineering team in the world, a team that designs, repairs, maintains our ships and submarines. they plan and manage budgets, and they research, design, and build our future. this team is the genesis of the united states seapower.

it all starts here. but above all else, they are part of the navy. navy strength has been and will continue to be the resilience and endurance of our people during times of crisis. whether an attack on pearl harbor or more recently the bombing of the united states ship cole, our navy pulls together with resolve when tragedy strikes. members of our navy family demonstrated true courage at the navy yard last week. it was apparent in the actions of, for example, a navy civilian shipmate who happened to be a former hospital corpsman, as she carried one of her fallen co- workers and performed c.p.r. in an attempt to save his life.

or the individual who ensured the safe evacuation of a blind co-worker. these are examples of what defines our navy shipyard. it is ship mates taking care of shipmates. we will remember the fallen in the events of last monday, and we will grow stronger as an institution maintaining our commitment to build the world's strongest navy. to the families here and to the navy yard shipmates, we mourn with you today. we will stand with you going forward in the difficult times ahead. we will remember your loved ones, and we will be with you. god bless you, our navy, and the united states of america. thank you.

>> as a military organization, we have experienced all too often the searing pain of combat losses and honored the main who, in lincoln's words, have sacrificed their lives on the altar of freedom. today we honor 12 patriots who made the same sacrifice in the service of their nation, this time here at home. we rightly set aside special days and solemn rituals to recognize, honor, and revere the men and women in uniform who have paid the final price in the defense of our freedoms. these nine men and three women deserve no less. their work, and that of thousands of their civilian colleagues around this city and country is critical to our nation's security.

without the civilians at naval sea systems command, we literally would not have a fleet to put to sea, and we could not operate without the navy's capacity and command. -- are a critical part of the navy marine corps team and the navy marine corps family. and we are a family. uniform and civilian, we work together, serve together, and overcome together. as a family, we grieve together. together we will assure that they, like those who have gone before them, will be remembered and honored as heros. because that's what they are. heroes. ordinary people facing extraordinary circumstances. an ordinary monday became a day of extraordinary horror, but also extraordinary heroism as law enforcement officers and

other first responders ran into danger to aid and protect others, as colleagues, friends, and strangers assisted each other in danger even at the risk of their own lives. we memorialize those we lost. the courage we witnessed on monday did not end with that awful day. on tuesday people returned to their work, and by thursday much of the navy yard reopened. thousands whose lives had been in real peril three days before would not let fear keep them away. still, we know it will take time for those with wounds, physical or invisible, to heal. the shock and anger of what occurred on monday will take us time to deal with.

this act of evil defies comprehension, defies understanding. 12 wives, husbands, fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters, children, workmates, colleagues taken from us suddenly, violently, cruelly. but what can never be taken is the love and our memories. and as we remember these individuals we cherished, it should not be as victims. their lives should not be defined by the terrible, inexplicable way they were ended, but rather how they lived and the rich legacies each of them left. and these are unique individuals. as i've spoken to their families and friends and common threads

emerge, love of family and country and the value and pride placed on working for america and the values that others place on their work and on their lives. today, one by one, we will hear their names and remember them and mourn. they join so many other navy and marine corps heroes whose lives shine forever bright. we remember semper fortis, semper fidelis. we remain forever faithful, forever courageous.

>> mr. president, mrs. obama, on behalf of the more than three million men and women at the department of defense serving across the nation and all over the world, i want to express our deepest sympathy to the families here today. know that our thoughts and our prayers are with all of you. today we come together at this historic post to begin a long road of healing and recovery. it is a path we walk together. we walk with the families, all who loved the fallen, to help ease the pain, hoping that grief and sadness will one day end and cherished memories of those we loved so much will take their place.

we walk with those injured and scarred by this senseless act of violence to help them regain their strength, hoping the horrors of last monday will soon recede. and together we will recover. we will remember the first responders. we will remember all. the first responders who ran toward the sounds of gunfire, including officers -- officer scott williams, injured in the line of duty. we will remember the valor of the navy yard personnel, all the people in the building 197, and we will remember that in the face of tragedy, the united states navy is, once again, responding with resolve. as we remember the fallen, we also note the timeless resilience of the institution that the victims were part of, that they so proudly supported and the nation they so humbly

serve. god bless the families and friends of those who we remember today. and god bless our country. >> secretary hagel, secretary mavis, admirals greenert and hilliares, and mayor gray. leaders from across this city and armed forces, to all the outstanding first responders, and most of all, the families whose hearts have been broken,

we cannot begin to comprehend your loss. we know that no words we offer today are equal to the magnitude, for the deaths of that loss. but we come together as a grateful nation to honor your loved ones, to grieve with you and to offer as best we can some solace and some comfort. now, on the night that we lost martin luther king, jr., to a gunman's bullet, robert kennedy stood before a stunned and angry crowd in indianapolis and he

broke the terrible news. in the anguish of that moment, he turned to the words of an ancient greek poet, aeschylus. "even in our sleep, pain which we cannot forget falls drop by drop upon the heart until, in our own despair, against our will, comes wisdom through the awful grace of god. pain, which cannot forget, drop by drop upon the heart." the tragedy and the pain that brings us here today is extraordinary. it is unique. the lives that were taken from us were unique.

the memories their loved ones carry are unique, and they will carry them and endure long after the news cameras are gone. but part of what wears on as well is the sense that this has happened before. part of what troubles us so deeply as we gather here today is how this senseless violence that took place here in the navy yard echoes other recent tragedies. as president i have now grieved with five different communities were ripped apart by mass violence -- fort hood, tucson, aurora, sandy hook, and now the washington navy yard.

and these mass shootings occur against the backdrop of daily tragedies as an epidemic of gun violence tears apart communities across america from the streets of chicago to neighborhoods not far from here. and so once again we remember our fellow americans, who were just going about their day, doing their jobs, doing what they loved. in this case, the unheralded work that keeps our country strong and our navy the finest fleet in the world. these patriots, doing their work that they were so proud of, and who have now been taken away from us by unspeakable violence. once more we come together to mourn the lives of beauty and to comfort the wonderful families who cherished them.

once more we pay tribute to all who rush toward the danger, who risked their lives so others might live and who are in our prayers today, including officer scott williams. once more our hearts are broken. once more we ask, why? once more we seek strength and wisdom through god's grace. you and your families, this navy family, are still in the early hour of your grief. and i'm here today to say that there is nothing routine about this tragedy. there is nothing routine about your loss. your loved ones will not be

forgotten. they will endure in the hearts of the american people and in the hearts of the navy that they help to keep strong, and in the hearts of their co-workers and their friends and their neighbors. i want them to know how she lived, jessica gaarde said of her mother kathy. she is not a number or some statistic. none of these 12 fellow americans are statistics. today i want every american to see how these men and women lived. you may have never met them, but you know them. they are your neighbors, like arthur daniels out there on the weekend polishing his white crown victoria. and kenneth proctor who, if you asked, would fix your car, too. sylvia frasier was the friendly face at the store, who took a second job at walmart because she loved working with people.

she was the diehard fan you saw at the game. kathy gaarde loved her hockey and her caps. season ticket holder for 25 years. they were the volunteers who made your community better. frank kohler giving dictionaries to every third grader in the county. marty boudreau leading the gospel at church. a man who left everything he knew in india and raised his family here and dedicated himself to the united states navy, vishnu pandit. they were proud americans, like gerald read who wore the uniform 25 years, and michael arnold who became one of the navy's leading

architects, of whom a colleague said, "nobody knew those ships like him." they were dedicated fathers, like mike brigel coaching his daughter's softball teams, joining facebook just to keep up with his girls. one of whom said he was always the cool dad. they were loving mothers, like mary francis knight, devoted to her daughters and who had just recently watched with joy as their older daughter got married. they were doting grandparents, like john johnson, always smiling. giving bear hugs to 10 grandchildren and who would have welcomed his 11th grandchild this fall. these are not statistics. they are the lives that have been taken from us.

this is how far a single act of violence can ripple. a husband has lost his wife. wives have lost their husbands. sons and daughters have lost their moms and their dads. little children have lost their grandparents. hundreds in our communities have lost a neighbor and thousands here have lost a friend. as has been mentioned for one family, the daniels family, old wounds are ripped open again. priscilla lost arthur, her husband of 30 years, only a few years ago. another shooting took the life of their son, just 14 years old. i can't believe this is happening again, pricilla said. these families have endured a shattering tragedy.

if ought to be a shock to all of us as a nation and as a people. it ought to upset us. it ought to lead to some sort of transformation. that's what happened in other countries when they experienced similar tragedies. in the united kingdom, in australia, when just a single mass shooting occurred in those countries they understood there was nothing ordinary about this kind of carnage. they endured great heartbreak, but they also mobilized and they changed. and mass shootings became a great rarity. yet here in the united states after the round-the-clock

coverage on cable news, after the heartbreaking interviews with families, after all the speeches and all the punditry and all the commentary, nothing happens. alongside the anguish of these american families, alongside the accumulated outrage so many of us feel, sometimes i fear there is a creeping resignation that these tragedies are just somehow the way it is, that this is somehow the new normal. we can't accept this. as americans bound in grief and love, we must insist here today, there is nothing normal about innocent men and women being gunned down where they work. there is nothing normal about

our children being gunned down in their classrooms. there is nothing normal about children dying in our streets from stray bullets. no other advanced nation endures this kind of violence. none. here in america, the murder rate is three times what it is in other developed nations. the murder rate with guns is 10 times what it is in other developed nations. and there is nothing inevitable about it. it comes about because of decisions we make or fail to make, and it falls upon us to make it different. sometimes it takes an unexpected voice to break through, to help remind us what we know to be true. we heard one of those voices last week. dr. janice wolowsky's team

treated the wounded. in the midst of one of the briefings, she spoke with honesty as someone who sees often much violence. "we are a great country," she said, "but there is something wrong. all these shootings, all these victims. this is not america." "it is a challenge to all of us," she said, "and we have to work together to get rid of this." and that's the wisdom we should be taking away from this tragedy and so many others. not accepting these shootings as inevitable, but asking, what can we do to prevent them from happening again and again and again. i've said before, we cannot stop every act of senseless violence.

we cannot know every evil that lurks in troubled minds. but if we can prevent even one tragedy like this, save even one life, spare other families what these families are going through, surely we've got an obligation to try. it's true that each of the tragedies i've mentioned is different, and in this case it is clear we need to do a better job of securing our military facilities, deciding who gets access to them. as commander-in-chief i've ordered a review of procedures up and down the chain. i know secretary hagel is moving aggressively on that. as a society we clearly have to do a better job of ensuring those that need mental health care actually get it. and that in those efforts we don't stigmatize those who need help. those things are clear, and we

have to move to address them. but we americans are not an inherently more violent people than folks in other countries. we're not inherently more prone to mental health problems. the main difference that sets our nation apart, what makes us so susceptible to so many mass shootings is that we don't do enough, we don't take the basic common sense actions to keep guns out of the hands of criminals and dangerous people. what's different in america is that it is easy to get your hands on a gun. and a lot of us know this. but the politics are difficult, as we saw again this spring. and that's sometimes where the resignation comes from, the sense that our politics are frozen and that nothing will change.

well, i cannot accept that. i do not accept that we cannot find a common sense way to preserve our traditions, including our basic second amendment freedoms and the rights of law-abiding gun owners, while at the same time reducing the gun violence that unleashes so much mayhem on a regular basis. and it may not happen tomorrow, and it may not happen next week. it may not happen next month. but it will happen. because it's the change that we need. and it is a change overwhelmingly supported by the majority of americans. by now, though, it should be clear that the change we need will not come from washington, even when tragedy strikes washington. change will come the only way it ever has come, and that's from the american people. so the question now is not

whether as americans we care in moments of tragedy. clearly we care. our hearts are broken again. and we care so deeply about these families. but the question is, do we care enough? do we care enough to keep standing up for the country that we know is possible, even if it is hard and even if it is politically uncomfortable? do we care enough to sustain the passion and the pressure to make our communities safer and our consumer -- country safer? do we care enough to do everything we can to spare other families the pain that is felt here today? our tears are not enough. our words and our prayers are not enough.

if we really want to honor these 12 men and women, if we really want to be a country where we can go to work and go to school and walk our streets free from senseless violence, without so many lives being stolen by a bullet from a gun, then we're going to have to change. we're going to have to change. on monday morning these 12 men and women woke up like they did every day. they left home and they headed off to work. gerald read's wife, said, be home for dinner. and john johnson said what he always said. "good-bye, beautiful. i love you so much."

even in our sleep, pain which cannot forget falls drop-by-drop upon the heart until in our own despair against will comes some wisdom through the awful grace of god. what robert kennedy understood, what dr. king understood, what all our great leaders have always understood, is that wisdom does not come from tragedy alone or from some sense of resignation in the falibility of man, wisdom comes through the recognition that tragedies such as this are not inevitable, and that we have the ability to act and to change to spare others the pain that drops on our hearts. so in our grief, let us seek that grace. let us find that wisdom.

and in doing so, let us truly honor these 12 american patriots. may god hold close the souls taken from us and grant them eternal peace. may he comfort and watch over these families. and may god grant us the strength and wisdom to keep safe ♪ur united states of america.

o beautiful for spacious skies for amber waves of grain for purple mountains' majesty above the fruited plain america, america

god shed his grace on thee and crown thy good with brotherhood ♪rom sea to shining sea

o beautiful for patriot dream that sees beyond the years thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears america, america god shed his grace on thee and crown thy good with brotherhood

from sea to shining sea america, america america

>> [speaking foreign language] in the translation it says, from bhagavad gita, hindu holy scripture, "weapons cannot cut it, nor can fire burn it. water cannot wet it, nor can wind dry it." the second passage. [speaking foreign language] the translation, "as a man sheds his worn out clothes, takes other new ones likewise, the embodied soul casting off worn out body enters into other new bodies."

a small prayer in from hindu scripture. [speaking foreign language] and this translation, "from untruths lead us to the truth. from darkness, lead us to the light. from death lead us to immortality. o peace, peace, and peace." may the treasured souls of our 12 dear friends rest in peace.

>> a reading from the letter to the romans. it is god who acquits us. who will condemn? it is christ jesus who died, yes, who was raised and is at the right hand of god, who indeed intercedes for us. what will separate us from the love of christ? will anger, distress, persecution, famine? nakedness, peril, or the sword? no. in all these things we conquer overwhelmingly through him who has loved us. for i am convinced that neither death nor life nor angels nor rulers nor things present nor things to come nor powers nor height nor depth nor anything else in all creation will be able to separate us from the love of god in christ jesus our lord.

the word of the lord. >> would all of you join with me in praying and reading together from the ancient prayer book we know as psalms. this reading is from the 23rd psalm. will you read together with me? the lord is my shepherd. i shall not want. he maketh me to lie down in green pastures. he leadeth me beside the still waters. he restoreth my soul. he leadeth me in the paths of

righteousness for his name's sake. yea, though i walk through the valley of the shadow of death, i will fear no evil. .for thou art with me. thy rod and thy staff, they comfort me. thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies. thou anointest my head with oil. my cup runneth over. surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life, and i will dwell in the house of the lord forever. let us pray. almighty and eternal god, we have gathered today to honor our fallen colleagues who died while serving their nation. these whom we regard as civilian sailors, as shipmates, were

beloved fathers and mothers, grandfathers and grandmothers, sons and daughters, brothers and sisters, and they were our colleagues, our neighbors, our friends. as we remember them this day, we give thanks for what they have meant to us. for their love, for their courage, for their dedication to service, to our navy, to our nation. we mourn their deaths and we grieve and we miss them terribly. and even as we grieve, we are also thankful for those who responded in the face of terrifying violence, for those who strove to end it, for those who gave medical assistance. for those who lent a helping hand or put an arm around a shoulder, we give thanks.

gracious lord, you heal the broken hearted. you bind up their wounds. we commend to your care the families and the friends of those whom we have lost. the psalmist reminds us that we are not alone. whether we ascend to the heights or we descend to the depths or take the wings of the morning and dwell in the utter most parts of the sea, even there your hand shall lead us. if we walk through the valley of the shadow of death itself, your right hand shall hold us. so we ask you, hold us now. comfort each one of us with the great power of your love. and in our grief and our confusion, give us light to

guide us into the assurance of your love. we pray this in your holy name. amen. would you please rise as we recall the names of those whom we have lost, and remain standing for the navy hymn and for taps. following taps, please remain in place for the departure of president and mrs. obama and the families. these are our fallen colleagues. michael wells arnold. martin bodrog. arthur lee daniels.

sylvia rene frasier. kathleen gaarde. john roger johnson. mary francis knight. frank edwin kohler. vishnu pandit. kenneth bernard proctor. gerald eugene read. ♪nd richard michael rigdell.

almighty father, strong to save, whose arm hath bound the restless wave, who bidd'st the mighty ocean deep its own appointed limits keep o hear us when we cry to thee

♪or those in peril on the sea. [taps]

♪

[chorus sings the battle hymn of the republic] his truth is marching on.

amen. amen. ♪ she talks about her role within the agricultural department and her duties as chair of the council of inspector general on integrity and efficiency. after that, "washington journal their co-later in the day that two: 30 eastern, live on capitol hill for a homeland security meeting on human trafficking.

>> this week on q&a, phyllis fong, and the chair of the objectivity and efficiency. >> phyllis fong, what's an inspector general? >> an inspector general is a public official whose responsibility it is to review the operations of that inspector general's agency, to make sure that programs are delivered effectively and with integrity. >> what does your background have to be? >> well, the statute that created inspectors general stetz that ieg's need to have generated expertise in a number of professions, any one of them, auditing, investigations, law enforcement, public management, and above all, be people of the integrity.

>> how long have you been the inspector general for the agriculture department. >> since december of 2002. >> how would you drip this specific job at agriculture? describe this particular job at agriculture? >> at agriculture, my job is to oversee the operations of all of usd a's programs to make sure that they are being delivered as effectively as possible. and so what that means on a day-to-day basis is that we in the iag's office conduct audits to make sure that programs are running effectively, that improper payments are not going out the door. and we also conduct investigations. when ever there are allegations of wrongdoing in a program, either by a department employee or by a person who's receiving benefits, it's our jurts to run