their ideals. and in these records there are, no doubt, many unfavorable remarks made by our political opponents. as well as the expressions of affection by our friends. we may hope that future students will rely upon our friends for confirmation. [ applause ] >> herbert hoover lived until he feels 90 years old. he set a record for -- >> he was -- until last year, he was the longest -- longest serving ex-president of all time jimmy carter for that last year. >> two moderate presidents lived longer than he. lived into the early 90s surpassing lou hoover's record until that time. tell us about her death. >> she had been physically active as we talked about. riding a horse, camping, sleeping on the ground up until her late 60s.

she had wanted to live in palo alto but herbert found he liked the intellectual stimulation of new york city. they had an east coast-west coast kind of marriage until 1940 when he convinced her to make her base with him there in new york city and they lived in an apartment in waldorf astoria. and she had gone out to dinner with a friend, january of 1944 and started to say let's walk back, such a lovely evening and changed her mind and said let's take a cab. said good-bye to her friend, went upstairs to her apartment. bert was getting ready to go out with a friend of his. he said let me say good-bye to lou, when he went in, she was collapsed and died on the floor of a heart attack. >> timothy of sun city, california, you're on. >> my name is timothy large.

i'm the grandson of gene henry large, the sister of lou hoover. and i just wanted to express how great it was and how much i appreciate her as well as her husband. and i was born in palo alto and i wanted to express the really good care for their kids, grand kids, and relatives. >> we hope we've done a fair job tonight telling the story of your relatives. thank you for your call. that's a great -- before we go to her legacy, where is she bury? >> buried in palo alto. then they exhumed her body and there was next to bert at west branch. >> when the government opens again and all of the institutions are back, you can go to west branch and visit herbert hoover presidential library there. a question for both of you, since they were a couple who really approached public life

together. what should their legacy be? >> i think it is as a first lady, the legacy is the way in which she tried to utilize her role as first lady to make a call to action with the public. she believed in them and kind of duck tailed. you had a legacy in terms of presidential couples for how to -- the delicate balance between the political side and increasingly expected to do. i think lou hoover starts along that path. >> take a call from marlin in bismarck, north dakota. i want to hear your answer to that. >> hello. >> hello. >> i was a 6-year-old boy during a campaign of hoover and al smith.

and a lot of the biggest things was repealing the 18th amendment. and i grew up in the swedish community in nebraska, all of them conservative, very religious. everybody voted for hoover. also, the market crash in '29, the bank busted at the same time. and i was 7 years old then. and i wanted to go down and collect the money when the banks broke. we -- hoover dam was named for him during the hoover administration, the midwest drought started where the storms started all the way from north dakota all the way through nebraska down to oklahoma. >> marlin, thank you. i'm going jump in at that point. because you've given us a good opportunity to ask. ask what should her legacy be and how should we view the hoover administration in hindsight?

what's the thesis going to be after writing this biography. >> my thesis is if she had not succeeded in a woman in a position for 13 years, we would remember a lot more of lou hoover now. lou's activism and a lot of her nonpolitical agenda and working with the girl scouts in 4-h set the stage for future first ladies to have causes and things that they supported that they did not necessarily have to have political repercussions or political connections. as far as remembering them for the depression, i think they were in -- i don't think that they were -- i don't think anybody knew how to handle this. this is the first one as we all know now that lasted as long as it did. and the thing we have to remember is we did not pull out of the depression until we entered world war ii. even after all of the

legislation that he was able to get congress to pass, that in and of itself did not allow them to improve the economy until things changed rapidly. >> our thanks to our guests on the story of lou henry hoover and the thanks to the white house historical association for their help throughout the series. ♪ [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2013]

>> next week, eleanor roosevelt. on pearl attack harbor it was the first lady who spoke to the people. she gave an address on the radio that she wrote. eleanor roosevelt traveled constantly in support of the president's new deal policy and causes like education, a living wage, and civil rights. as first lady, she held regular press conferences and invited only women reporters to cover them and she was the first first lady to travel overseas without the president. the first to address a national political convention, and the first to write her own daily syndicated column. join us for a two-hour program as we explore the life and legacy of eleanor roosevelt on first ladies, influence and image next monday, live it 9:00

3,m. eastern on c-span, c-span and c-span radio. we are offering a special edition of the book, "first ladies of the united states of presenting a biography and portraits of the first ladies. it is available for the 1295 --ed price of $12.95. aboutbsite has more the first ladies including a special section, welcome to the white house. produced by our harner. cycling life in the mansion during the first tenure of the first ladies. >> the shutdown entering its third week. c-span is asking for your thoughts. >> the parties need to grow up and so this so people can get

back to work. how can you go to a different country and talk about setting up to policy when we do not even have diplomacy between the two parties here? >> i am going to say veterans from the vietnam era, those wounded twice. difficulties, and i have received compensation from the veterans department. and the bill was sent over to the senate by the house -- they tabled the request to pay us, to open part of the veterans department so that we could receive compensation. how are we supposed to live? we served our country. we did not ask any questions. we served our country and now

the democrats in the house -- in the senate refuse to pay us so we cannot live. we got to [inaudible] >> as far as obamacare goes, i understand it was a law passed, and i stand behind that. however, i do not like the fact that the president can change things at will. we're so worried about what the republicans want to do, it is obama who made the first move. he is the one that started giving all these exemptions. if that was good enough for me, why is it not good enough for them? >> if we had the british system as they dissolve dissolved hard -- parliament if they are not working for the dollars they're getting.

>> my greatest concern at this point is there is no discussion of ways to increase revenue into the federal government. balancing aars of budget, i have always had to look at increasing work time, working overtime, getting a second job. my children have worked to entry jobs to be able to get through school. that all the congressmen need to consider the opportunities of revenue -- and thisthis need to decrease the debt of the american people. >> joe manchin spoke to reporters about the government shutdown and the debt limit negotiations. after his remarks we hear from john hogan of the north dakota talking on the senate floor about the shutdown.

>> this is extremely positive. you just feel good when you see the senate start working the way you know it should work in congress -- and congress hopefully moving the right direction. we should never get to a shutdown. i have said this before. we take an oath as a public servant to serve the people create it is not to basically invoke any hardships her pain. it should be to prevent that from happening and when this happens, kind of a self- inflicted pain that was put upon the people, that hurts. it hurts from that standpoint. [inaudible] >> we are going to get the us done -- this done. everyone is positive and working in the most positive manner. i would have to say that they have an outline of what they want. it is just putting the dates and times and things of that sort,

making sure it works for everyone procedurally. >> [inaudible] >> i do not know. i assume that all four of them are talking. four of them are supposed to be going to the president and meet with him at the white house sometime today so they must all be working together and i'm sure -- the house is as important as the senate. we all worked together. it takes both of us. i feel good about it. i really do. this is a positive time for our country. >> i come to the floor to make an appeal for action, action on opening up the government and action on addressing the debt ceiling. we have been negotiating now, not only our leadership, senator reid, senator mcconnell, but the members of this body, republican and democrat, we have been

negotiating, talking about many different ideas but not only do we need to come together and find a way to address the debt ceiling and to get the government open. the kind of ideas that we have discussed include the short-term extension of the debt ceiling. certainly, members on my side of the aisle feel that we have got to also address the underlying problems that are leading to our growing debt and deficit. we need savings and reforms as part of addressing that debt ceiling. also we have talked about ideas for a continuing resolution to reopen the government. one that follows established law. by that i mean the budget controller that establishes budgetary caps that need to be kept in place and honored as part of this agreement. the continuing resolution we

have talked about what also include flexibility for agencies to prioritize spending subject to congressional oversight, but we have got to have budget discipline. we are spending more and weird -- than we are taking in. whether it is a family, a business, whether it is the federal government, that does not work so we have got to exercise budget discipline. also we talked about ideas that might include addressing the medical device tax, possibly repealing the medical vice tax or at least deferring it for two with. and paying for it pensions moving under revision similar to those in map 21 and we have looked at and talked about requiring income verification under the affordable care act to avoid fraud. ideas that republicans have put forward and i think there has

been broad support for on the democrat side of the aisle. an agreement composed of these kinds of ideas would open government and address the debt ceiling on a short-term basis, but the reality is, we need to find savings and reforms to address the underlying problems that are driving our deficit and our debt. as part of a debt ceiling agreement, we need to have savings and reforms that underlie -- our problem. our problem that we are spending more than we taken. we cannot just raise the debt ceiling for another year and a trillion dollars in debt to the debt that we owe -- already have of $17 trillion. it is kind of like going to the bank. when you go to the bank and you talk to the banker and you say i want alone, i want to increase

the loan and raise my credit limit. the banker would say, he maybe willing to give you the loan but he is going to say what are you going to do to address the underlying problem, the problem you have that you are spending more than you're taking in, what are you going to do to address that? and i am sure if you said i am not going to do anything to address it, you might have a hard time getting blown, right? that is true whether you are a family or a business. that is true for the federal government. so let's put the necessary savings and reforms in place. the president and his budget identified more than $600 billion in changes and savings and reforms that he could support to mandatory spending programs. we have talked to him about those time and again. now is the time to implement those savings and reforms to

those mandatory spending programs. i will give you an example of one that i have been hard at work on for the last two years, that is the farm bill. the "farmville" was a mandatory spending program. i am a member of the -- the farm bill was a mandatory spending program. as we work through that at the same time, we have identified on the order of $25 billion to $30 billion in savings that we can generate by reforming the farm program. i am a member of the conference committee on the senate side, the house has appointed and we're ready to go, we are ready to resolve the differences between the house and senate versions of the farm bill and we can have a stronger farm program and save billions of dollars. those are the kind of mandatory spending program reforms that we need to put in place as part of the debt ceiling agreement. a commoned to find

commitment, a bipartisan commitment and a commitment on the part of the administration as well as the congress to do that. about addressing the debt ceiling, that is what it really means. it does not just mean raising the debt ceiling. it does not just mean growing more money. it means fixing the problem. to act.ed we need to address the debt ceiling, we need to get government open but we need to have a common commitment, a bipartisan commitment to solve the underlying problems. to get the reforms and the savings that will ensure that we are not spending more than what we are taking in. the big part of that is economic growth as well. we understand that. the point where we come together in a bipartisan way and i would argue this is that point, this is that time.

where we truly come together in a bipartisan way. the markets would react. this countryacross would react. businesses large and small would react, because the certainty of knowing that weird dealing with our debt and deficit would give them the confidence to invest and hire more people. not only bringing people back to work, reducing unemployment, but getting economic growth. economic growth that not by raising taxes but with economic growth, running and growing the base, generating revenue to help with our deficit and debt. i think i putting these commonsense reforms, the solutions, savings in place as part of this debt ceiling agreement, a commitment to do that on both sides of the aisle, we will help unleash the power of the strongest economy in the world and that economic growth will be a huge part of solving our deficit and our dead as well.

and it is vitally important that we do it. vitally important that we do it. for the strength of our country, to get people back working, and most of all for our children and for future generations. i do not believe that there is anybody here in congress among the senate, the house or anywhere else that wants to leave our children a $17 let's solvet. so it. we can do it and now is the time. with that, mr. president, yield the floor. >> now we hear from republican congressman pete sessions talking to reporters about the shutdown. then remarks from joe barton on a possible senate deal.

>> are you going to move your own bill is jamar >> we're going to find out what is and that other bill and i think we should find out tonight. that would be good for all of us. >> are you going to move your own chart term bill -- short term bill? , i want to reacting find out what the deal is, that i will be able to tell you whether it is good or bad. we are waiting. >> do you think you are in a orter lace than you were 48 24 hours ago? >> no. we believed wet could have worked with the president and the president dropped is like a hot potato because our deal he did not want to do with and he wanted to deal with the senate. that is what he is doing. >> [inaudible]

>> i walked over on the senate floor and talked to some of my senate friends. they do not have a deal yet. conservatives are afraid if they get a deal it would not be a very good deal. they do not know what it is yet. is the concern that you are going to january and february and that is too long? >> let me speak for myself. we have shut the government down just as no one wanted to do on either side. you have this debt ceiling that we have to make some decisions on hopefully in the next week or so. view, we really need to put a plan in place to get the budget balanced and keep it balanced. spending is out of control. i am not going to vote for

anything that does not do that. the obamacare issue is a big issue. it is a huge new entitlement. it is not sustainable. unlikely to get the president to repeal his signature to a domestic policy achievement. i would focus on some reforms to obamacare in the short term and then let's really work hard on the plan to get the budget back in balance and keep it balanced. keep the sequester. the conference by itself is not. thatnot vote for something does not have substantive spending cuts right now and a path forward to balance the budget. >> are you worried that the democrats setting this up is a way to take a look at the sequester and maybe undo the sequester? >> then sequester is saving money and the budget deficit is down and that is partly because of the sequestration mechanism. that is supposed to be a 10-year process.

all my liberal friends in the senate on the democratic side voted for it. most of them a year and a half ago. i can -- consider that to be something that is like they consider obamacare to be sacrosanct. people like me think the sequestration process is off the table. >> that does not sound like you're to crazy about the emerging deal by some of your peers. >> all i know is what you guys know. there is no spending reforms. road kick the can down the . it does avert any kind of a crisis on the debt. it is a short-term version is there is no mechanism to reduce the need to burrow more money. there's two camps in my district. one camp which were furloughed workers, they want the government reopened sooner rather than later and i

understand that. the base conservatives, there is a majority of the republican primary votes want us to hold the line and get real reform. >> what do you expect to hear tomorrow at the conference meeting? >> i hope to hear that the house republicans are going to hold the line and insist on what i have been talking. some macroeconomic implications if there is no deal by the end of the week? >> i do not mind this admin about default. the president and the secretary of the treasury do have flexibility. we have more than enough cash to pay high interest on the debt. we do not have enough money to pay everything he does we are running annual deficits of $800 billion a year. we do have enough money coming in to pay the things that have to be paid which is interest on the debt and social security, military pay. i would say retirement pensions.

>> how long -- [inaudible] >> people like me can hold off a long time. because i think the big problem facing our country is out of control federal spending. sooner or later we're going to have to address it and i think now is as good a time as any. >> are you [inaudible] >> i would not say any deal but it needs to be a good deal. -- deal iss better than a bad deal. the mechanism to balance the budget in five to 10 years is not radical. to begin to reform in time for programs is not radical. some sort of a mechanism to take a look at obamacare, obamacare is what hundred 31 mandates. 131.

the president has voluntarily suspended some of those mandates so i do not think it interest rates the entire obamacare if we go in and make it voluntary for six months or year, suspend the individual mandate for a year. there are lots of ways where the president gets his law. people like me get sanity and if limitation so we are not forcing this on the american people. i do not think that is a radical proposition. thank you. [inaudible] >> one more question. [inaudible] >> coming up on c-span. the conversation on social media and journalism. applebytalk was julie about the health care exchanges.

and a look at a nuclear program. nuclear program. on the next "washington journal," will talk to governor tim poletti about the effect the everett shut down has had on the economy and then conversely ron kind joins us to discuss the latest on a deal to open the government and increase the debt limit. later them a anthony carnivale talks about u.s. literacy rates and math skills. live on c-journal span. >> we want to know how the government shutdown is affecting you. please send us your video. see what others are talking about. conversation on

journalism and social media. we'll hear from a social media producer for nbc news. the new york press club held this event earlier this month. it is one hour and 10 minutes. [applause] >> good morning, everyone. it is an absolute pressure -- pleasure to be here. let's congratulate the entire press club. [applause] have lefte heard, i columbia full-time to move to a new role at the new york department -- [inaudible] -- i will tell you about what we do but at the same time i continued to be part of the journalism world and work in journalism and teach a class at columbia. i am hoping that we can continue to have opportunities to interact in the jouis