$2.8on & johnson will need billion as part of a settlement with the justice department. later part of the political response to the 2008 financial crisis. >> today it is our pleasure to entertain for the first time our first lady at her belated birthday party. ♪ returns ♪happy

>> a birthday tribute to mamie eisenhower just a few weeks after her husband announced his did for reelection. for reelection. ofay the life and times mamie eisenhower. us about her life are two people who spent a lifetime with the first lady. author a historian and of a biography. we also welcome back edith. she has been one of our driving forces on first ladies. >> nice to be back.

>> what should we take away watching that video about her ofularity, about the use television? >> the film clip you show from -- birth a celebration birthday celebration, this was year, andn election immediately the democrats want this is in because their view a campaign ad. william haley, president of cbs, and a close friend of the notnhower's says, it's equal time because this is nonpolitical entertainment with the first lady. herbert a is november. we are just a few days away from it right now. obviously there was some this,cal background to

but if you watch the show at the what you saw was a lot of people talking about her. wanting to re-emphasize how popular she was at the time. >> what should we know about television and the presidency in the 1950's? >> the eisenhower campaign was the first televised campaign. are a range of techniques brought to the fore for that campaign. there were these wonderfully rehearsed man in the street that were supposed to be spontaneous but were quite rehearsed.

that was quite a new feature. then you have the bouncing elephants and so forth. i for president and everybody likes ike. were a range of techniques. part of this was she so , particularly 50s for american women. --she had an been there hadn't been there someone would have to invent her. >> one special inc. about this program, -- one special thing about this program, a farm is about 90 miles away from and then, d c,

eisenhower spot this in the -- bought spent their this in the 1950s and spent their time there. you will learn about her .bsession with pink you can see she created this retreat away from public life. back in time and her biography, and to do that, let's go back to from 1956 where they talk about her biography as well. >> i hope that you, the members of our organization, and our extinguished guest will enjoy this salute to our first lady. ♪

>> how do you do? thank you for inviting me. almost seems synonymous with memories, like albums, so we brought this you.al album for it's filled with fond remembrances, and here is a --ture of the three or's three sisters circa 1906. here is the debutante visiting and the wedding dress portrait in your inaugural gown when you became our first lady. ♪ and tenderne fresh kiss ♪ d one stolen night of

bliss ♪ one girl, one boy, some greed, some joy ♪ >> a little bit of a castle view. tell us a little more. she was the end of a generation, the last first lady born in the 19th century. first -- our last first lady to be born in the 19th century. there until she was about eight years old. then they moved to colorado, and hat's where she grew up. one of the photographs shows her in san antonio.

they would winter there because of her health problems. she was almost an invalid, so they would winter. they were in san antonio they went with some friends, and that is where she was first .ntroduced to ike >> second lieutenant at the time. > second lieutenant. very serious. she said he was not interested in any type of girl or girlfriend. he was very into duty and his and shehe military, kind of swept him off his feet. >> or vice versa.

and they married a short time after they met. debutante, and her father warned her off military life. >> he warned her off. 's parents really liked ike. they thought he was a wonderful young man, and her father even told her when he was coming around to visit that she should quit being so flighty and going off with other young men to parties, that she should pay attention to ike, but when they theyarried he told mamie could not expect any money from him. he would have to live on ike's military pay. her response was, i didn't care about that. i just wanted that man. probably a surprise to

go from the debutante life to a apartment.ry >> from living a comfortable life with lindy of money, i think it was a shock for her, but she learned from her father about how to save money, so while i think it was difficult in the early days of their marriage, she always manage to not on ike's salary, and only that, but in a role is the one who handled the family finances. later she said that is the , that to a good marriage the husband should turn the that ifer to his wife, he started purchasing things and opening accounts everything would go to hell in a handbag.

>> it's interesting because we talk of her as the academy of the media. thee is this stereotype of 1950's woman she seems to embody. she handled finances. he was domestic. >> she took a domestic science engaged.n they became her domestic science classes were cut short. i'm not sure she was that serious anyway. he really did the cooking. >> i want to invite you to be in our program. we have three ways you can be nvolved.

if you live out west, mountain pacific and further west, 202- 585 -- facebookn post on our age where there are comments going on. how soon are they married is -- born?st child or an >> i think it is three years. he gets an unusual nickname. when i see it spelled i want to pronounce it ikey because it sounds better than icky. he was the apple of their i and everyone on the coast. he was like the little mascot

everyone took to. he died at the age of three of and it happened so quickly. couples could almost expect to have one child die of a because thesease, medical care there were not as you could do about it. they were devastated. andany of the president's first ladies lost a child. theme. a recurring story -- a over her horror story. before modern drugs

you have it happened infrequently. >> their son john is born, and is his parentsid never made him feel he was a replacement of the child they lost, that he was his own person , and i think that was the way s as a coupler were. they took people as they were, up but that did not mean they their firstot child. they just made another place for another child in their lives. mamie was a little protective.

>> their early years was one of -- beingng gone a lot. gone a lot. how often were they together? they moveds one year three times. she might go back to denver to be with her family, and there ikea time when i was on -- was on a convoy, which was a military exercise to take transport across the country to and the roads, the bridges, really, they found out how bad america's road system was. she was withime her parents because she couldn't live on the post, so they were back-and-forth. that's something every military wife faces at one point or

another. live a place a short time. you can expect multiple moves and separation. >> they were always entertainers. they did a lot of entertaining, and many times the eisenhower home was called club eisenhower because of their entertaining of and military personnel, and going back to how many moves they made over the years, i think that's why they treasured their years in the , and then purchasing he farm in gettysburg. >> i have a photograph to show jeep. e in a

they becomet did popularly known? >> i would say in the 1930's. even when they were first they became a family that invited other military families into their home. upy would have potlucks, play cards. -- pianoa rented enl mamie played and sang. this photograph was taken in 1944 not long after d-day. mamie is behind the wheel of the jeep as if she can actually drive it. she had not driven an automobile

1936, and the two women are also friends of hers, .ongtime military wives where was she during the war? >> she wanted to be in , hoping there would come backke could home. their son john was at west weight. -- west point.

any opportunities she wanted to be close at hand. it was only later in the war she went to stay with his sister. >>, hi, mark, you are on the air. of themwondering if any could tell me what life was like .n the philippines or panama i also cannot wait until next week when you talk about jackie kennedy. >> the philippines and panama, both were extremely uncomfortable for her. particularly in panama it was primitive.

where they lived was much more comfortable. they had a nice apartment. it was air-conditioned. she had a difficult time in terms of the environment. times, especially in the philippines, when she suffered from health problems. were a number of generals elected to the white house. how does the world prepare the first couple for life in the white house? were all kindsre of executive and administrative decisions he was used to making, , the entertaining of heads of state while he was tomander of nato, according

her own testimony was something that really prepared her for entertaining at the white house. how to do it. she actually loved that part of the role. >> hi jeffrey, you are on. >> my question was about how politically involved she was before she was in the white house. did hebefore he was didn't even know which party he was a member of, so i wonder if she is more political than her husband. said she and ike were probably two people who knew less about politics than anyone else. aboutdid make almonds politics in the interest of the party, but that was with her

father and letters back and and her father was a strong republican, so mamie would sometimes commiserate in the letter that roosevelt invented something her father didn't approve of, but mamie was not political in the least. >> we have questions from facebook and twitter. affair -- ike h have an affair -- >> she was often referred to as eisenhower's driver, but there were several people who drove him around. her job was to keep his to makeent calendar sure the right people got in and out to meetings. she was engaged to an american

tragically was killed in the fighting in north africa, and she stayed on at headquarters, and rumors began that a were having an affair. did, and other people are beginning to look at that heer truman had was going to ask for a divorce. i think there are a number of historians that have debunked that. it's hard to imagine that eisenhower, the allied commander of the european theater, is acting like a schoolboy puppy kay following k around --

around, which is what she alleges. did mamie know? there was nothing to know except the rumors were extremely hurtful to her. it was the kind of thing that went on and on especially after the book and made-for-tv movie, and that was very hurtful for mamie. >> i haven't done that kind of research and primary sources. rumors.eard the butow the family denies it, it would be interested to hear from somebody who knows the primary sources. >> it's not just the family. several people who were still alive and had then at the eisenhower headquarters, including one of summers be's -- omersby's-- s

roommate said this never happened. couldn't explain why she would have decided to stay. military wives are watching tonight. thank you so much for the show. question, were mrs. eisenhower and mrs. nixon friendly? did they played together? their children were different ages? how did that work out? >> they were friendly. there was always a friendly relationship. patstory was mamie liked

immediately. she said, you are the cutest little thing. i think it took off from there, and the friendship continued. >> good evening. >> how are you doing this evening? >> we are fine. what's your question for us? ask my question is the inaugural ball she wore a pink gown, and that color was known as mamie pink. that? know about does that color still exist? >> you asked the right question. our guest was responsible for firstng the popular ladies gowns. what about her down? rex -- her gown? >> it is mamie pink.

it was pastel. she decided she wanted it to have a little extra flair. she had a designer put 2000 inc. so ittones on the gown would sparkle. the color was very popular in the 1950s as part of a wardrobe but also household. charcoal gray and pink was also a good color combination in the 50's. she had a number of formal gowns that were charcoal gray and pink. know whether that particular shade existed, but it was popular in the 50's. at some of theok important positions he held before the white house.

allied commander during world war ii, after the war he served as the army chief of staff for the pentagon. military and went to columbia university in new york, where he served as university president. it was around this time in the late 1940's and early 1950's, when they began to consider their retreat in gettysburg, pennsylvania. we are going to take you there, but first we are going to hear lateramie many years about the farm and how important it was to the eisenhowers. you on theaving porch with me where i can i pent so many hours.

the capital still appear on the field. >> on your screen is the formal living room at the eisenhower farm in gettysburg, pennsylvania. joining us is a park ranger. alice evans, how is it they came to gettysburg thomas and why this property? gettysburg was a natural choice. they actually lived here before during the first world war. he was a civil war buff from childhood. that told him here. thatnted to find a farm would keep him busy in atirement. >> this was working farm? >> yes, it was. they've are just the farm he was sent overseas to work with nato.

the house begins renovations in 1953. it was not inhabitable presideny and the house began renovations. it was not inhabitable until mike and 55. presidency, how many days did they state question mark >> we can document the 365 days. >> yes. this was their primary residence. this was their only home during marriage. until their deaths, this was their residence. inafter the inauguration 1962, what happened? >> they drove up in a terrible snowstorm and they had a secret service car following behind them. they got to the front gate and the secret service waved them off. >> resident eisenhower did the driving -- president eisenhower did the driving.

i want to start by pointing out a very pink room. >> the dining room shows the pink that is typical of many. of the very typical sentimentality that she had. she loved having her friends and family together. it stop >>inal is the house is 90% original. the house has their dining room table. >> you have the place settings and you see mamie on the end. date -- mr.ve nixon. apparent thatcame the families would be united in became very close

to the nixons and they were friends and local partners. -- political partners. >> how much the declaration did they do? >> this is really her. elizabeth arden was there to consult and this was mamie's taste. >> throughout the evening, we will bring it into other rooms in other areas of the house. to put the end of the conversation, we had a conversation. meets ke eisenhower kayher speak -- meet sutherbee? >> she was aware of the rumors and graciously met her. >> we will get back to the eisenhower farm in gettysburg later. time of theound the

purchase of the farm that the eisenhowers were drafted by both political parties. they were not partisan and both parties thought they could be recruited. tell us why the republicans were .uccessful >> there's this grassroots movement, "citizens for eisenhower." people were forming and pushing for eisenhower to run for present and as a republican. when he is in nato and they are in europe, there are people flying, including jackie cochran, to talk him into running on the republican ticket. not -- he does not am

not and say what he will or not hisill not do, because of positions and what he is doing it nato. they are in france and he is with nato. it is about christmas time and people are sending christmas packages from the united states. and open this one package it is from "citizens from eisenhower. " there are all these ties and "i like ike" pins. while ike is in the library, mamie gets this rocks of of tarifflia -- box and i a. -- paraphernalia. he took one look and his face went red.

>> eisenhower was thought to be a democrat. what was the tension between the trumans and the eisenhowers? >> i don't know more about that -- much about that. >> obviously, there has been a great deal said and written about how badly truman and eisenhower came to dislike each other and how cold they were. and, mamie and mrs. truman were good friends. they went to spanish classes. bess is a photograph of showing mamie around the white house and they look like two girlfriends. what somebodies political affiliation is, she

could get along with them. that was the case. if their husbands were having problems, that did not affect them. >> was a decision was made, how wholeheartedly did she push once the decision was made, how wholeheartedly did she push herself? >> she threw herself into it and it turned out to be a watershed for presidential wives and for campaigning. boon toshe was a great the republican party. , like the fact that she connected with the women of america.

on thearted asking for campaign train and a guinea whistlestop across the country. -- and they did a whistlestop across the country. mamie."ld say, "we want she would come out on the rear of the train. he would say, would you like to meet my mamie? she was a tremendous hit. interviewsive local and turned out to be quite an asset. >> we were at the eisenhower presidential library in kansas. it is in the hometown of eisenhower. you can see pictures of it on the screen right now. they showed us campaign memorabilia that they have in the collection that is related to mamie eisenhower. >> the campaign is significant

because women outnumbered men in the electric. -- electorate. they cater to this new demographic with fashion accessories, including the official campaign hats. it was designed by one of mamie's favorite hat designers. all kinds of rhinestones and jewelries. including earrings and i like ike buttons. name comes mamie's first in the mamie and i charm placement gas -- charm bracelet. mamie" and "i like mamie" buttons.

no lady is complete without a corsage. all these accessories would be worn with this dress, often worn at campaign rallies and conventions. museum to see more campaign memorabilia. we have a number of drawers filled with campaign memorabilia, including these onderful gloves, mamie campaign buttons and stockings. this leads to eisenhower winning the 1952 election. she becomes first lady and wears the suit to the inauguration. she wears a pillbox hat by her favorite designer. >> this is your area of specialty. >> we have a wonderful collection of ike memorabilia. >> has there been an election

since? >> not to that extent. the republican party went wild with putting out materials promoting the campaign and herself. think that this resonated with people because, as the curator was saying, this is the first time that the women's vote had caught up with men voting. they had gotten the vote in 1920, but participation has lagged behind until mike and 52 -- 1952. the head of the women's division of the republican party had come with three areas that would appeal to women in the campaign. bringing theed boys home from korea. in bringing your

son, and relative home. i was the one who was going to do that. there was also the mess in washington. the scandals inside the truman administration. this was imaged, in the sense that any housewife could clean up a mess in her home. there are all kinds of cleaning veils and scrub brushes. lapel pinsruce and sn the shape of rooms -- broom s and lapel pins in the shape of brooms. the third thing was the economy. that was imaged as every woman having to stay within her budget and the government should do the same. they put out in your miss

grocery bags that said -- enou rmous grocery bags that said, ike and dick. the grocery bags were going to be extra large. this was how much more your budget was going to go if you elected ike and dick. >> 53% of american homes had television and they were growing and growing. there was also the rise of public relations and fashion and united states. >> yes. there were a lot of advertising men who migrated into the campaign. mamie as ike and a commodity that can be sold to the consumer.

>> stevenson was divorced. >> yes. >> he was also a unitarian, which many think as something like an atheist. -- >> they were god- fearing man. was a war hero against a cerebral candidates. -- candidate. >> even though you had these image makers, she is someone who the image makers are not making her who she is. she is being herself. >> that is what i said earlier. if she had not come along and done what she did, she would've had to of been prevented. >> exactly. she is so natural in that

situation. >> how much influence did mamie have in ike? >> we do not know for sure. i have wondered. i do not think there is any discussion that they made public about how they decided or he decided. father,sure if her being a republican, and ike being on good terms had any influence. i just don't know. it has more to do with who would have been running for president in the republican slot if not for eisenhower. because heagreed looked at the other candidates and could not see them, especially if they're going to

be isolationist in the world, it wasorld war ii almost as if he said, if it has to be me, i can handle it better . >> david, go ahead with your question. >> yes. i am curious about what eisenhower's stance or position was on the civil rights issues of the 1950s. > thank you so much>. will talk about that more later, -- we will talk about that more later. >> eisenhower is being recognized by historians for his contributions in the civil for whata, not only

happened with little rock and sending troops in. eisenhower integrated washington, d.c.. >> in what way? >> every way. washington had been a segregated city. going back to wilson. eisenhower integrated the city. cityw do you integrate the in washington? inviting blacks to attend white house functions. how they dismantled the segregation in the -- of the government positions. something that went on during the eisenhower administration.

a desegregation of the workforce. >> that is notable. there were african-americans wearing the "ike" dresses. >> until recently, he never got the credit for the very strong stand that he took in the rock with sending federal troops -- little rock, with sending the federal troops. that was a shocking thing. by the time you get to the 1960s, everybody knows about johnson. in the 1950s, this was a shocking move. >> they worked throughout their professional lives, both military, and through the white house. what are the things that changed

-- one of the things that changed was the rise of air travel and post-war diplomacy. we will return to gettysburg and the farm. let's look at how the eisenhowers entertained th ere. this translated to the time in the white house. >> alice evans, what are we seeing? >> we are seeing mamie and her n.onic inaugural gow >> below that is a pnm. -- piane. o. >> you see the photographs and friends. >> we are in the formal living room. it is a rather large room. how much entertaining was done?

>> not much. was not aeisenhower fan of this room and the the core -- decor. mamie understood etiquette and rules and regulations. she wanted with that gift on display. >> how did they furnish this room? >> with gifts given to them throughout the years by friends. there are few things that they purchased for themselves. eisenhower was the last president who is allowed to keep all of his gifts. >> we are looking at a lot of things. >> mamie let it slip that she likes porcelain. we are looking at a portrait of mamie eisenhower. >> that portrait was done before she was first lady.

1948, whileed in ike was still at columbia university. captures her spirit and her vitality and femininity. before we leave this room -- >> before we leave this room, the table in front of the couch. is the uphold strict on the couch original? upholstery on the couch original? >> yes. the coffee table is one the most important pieces in the home. this was a gift from the president of south korea and it came near the anniversary of the fire file at the -- cease- at the end of the war. it is from the wife of the president of south korea. solution, --und a

solution,ve found a but many got a table. this piece was in the white house at one point and it was installed while franklin pierce was our president. >> how did it end up in the house? >> she was decorating the white house and marble had fallen out of fashion. she had the marble fireplace removed and they were auctioned off and sold into private hands. the white house staff was able to track down this piece and presented it to the eisenhowers. lincoln was important to president eisenhower. >> how would the eisenhowers used this room? >> it was used during christmas. they with the christmas tree in ace andf the firepl

many would be at the pn oh, playing business carols -- pia e o, playing christmas carols. >> we will see the porch the next time we come back to gettysburg. >> we are in gettysburg pennsylvania at the eisenhower farm. >the entertaining at the white house, the queen of england. how important was that? entertainedhowers more foreign dignitaries and more state dinners then any previous administration. do with the has to change in transportation. >> and his position of

leadership in europe. >> yes. he had met all these people. elizabeth and thought come to the united states, eisenhower says that we have just re -- reacquainted ourselves with old friends. they knew queen elizabeth when she was princess. they felt that so many people had met, they were just re- meeting and entertaining in a different place. eisenhower, who returns large-scale and elegance entertainment to the white house. ofle -- most people think jackie kennedy.

it is her entertaining in the white house. the truman renovation of the white house meant that they could not entertain in the white house. it is mamie who brings back entertaining to the white house. >> she is a curator of exhibitions. of a decisiont was it? afraid thathey were it would look like bribery or know,ind of, you prompting of return for political favor for the gift. that was made illegal. >> presidents still get lots of gifts. >> they usually go to the state department or the national archives. oftenh the archives, they

turn up at presidential libraries. they are not owned by the president or first lady. one statement that the president and first lady can make is by who they did not invite. one person they did not invite was joe mccarthy. >> actually, mrs. mccarthy was invited to tea and receptions. she did not attend. >> what is a significance of that? >> she was making a political statement on her husband's behalf to not cross the door into the white house. >> some people do not know who joe mccarthy is. was the senator so-calledfter

communists in government positions. witchhunt.lem they saw communists under every desk. all kinds of people. people who were supposed to of had some kind of affiliation with the communist party or a communist party front. leaning towards the communist and 1940s.e 1930s he had done a great deal to a great number of people's careers and lives. the reason that mamie would not invite him to the white house for entertainment was that she disagreed with the methodology oft he used and the ruining people's reputations and

careers. >> this correction -- this question relates. help lucy iny to any way when she was investigated? >> absolutely. when she was brought before the , she and desi arnaz are terrified that their careers are over with. , desi go to the white house. they do a little bit of entertaining. havingakes a point of lucy and desi sit with her and

ike for the dinner portion of the evening. she is not saying anything. she is making a very public statement by who she invites and where they sit. how they are treated when they arrive. >> we will return to the toenhower library in kansas learn more about how she approached life in the white house. >> she was diagnosed with a heart condition and was under doctors orders to stay in bed. that was too much. she compromised and stayed until noon. she would still meet with her staff and would get up in the these lovelywhere bed jackets and lay back down in bed. jackets that we see in

museum, she would wear with her secretary. blockeddules were often out in increments for the day. we have schedules from every year. we example, on the schedule, see that she had a diplomatic inner and was planning to cut a ribbon at a presbyterian church. these are decision she would make with mrs. mccafferty. some of these decisions were of a personal nature. here, she is shopping for christmas gifts with her grandchildren. mamie was always particular about the budget. she would never go over budget when shopping for presents. >> life in the eisenhower white house, how many people lived with them? hadhey -- they sometimes many possible

>> they sometimes had lived mother, elvira there. the grandchildren did not live there. very often, spent huge amounts of time. the press loved them. loved to photograph them playing front of the building or they would have photographs of them inside playing. basically it's ike and mamie and for long periods of time, mamie's mother. >> mamie said any day is a good when her grandchildren were there. >> yes. >> when someone asked about made the eference to stereotypical 1950s woman, here's one way it plays out. documented that mamie four d the oval office

times during the presidency. so we talked about the the wife's role that was the husband's role that was the step you type in the s. 0 >> division of labor. the women would handle the food, the entertainment, the family. the president would handle the country, the politics. a roosevelt t had administration where -- departure such a that -- and such an anomaly for that it didn't get institutionalized until much later. mamie's rt of that was military background too. once made the comment that a near her went husband's command post. his point of operation. wasn't done. nd so, again, that separation of their spaces.

>> and it was a busy eight years the eisenhower white house for the president and we have a of the big some things that were happening in the eisenhower presidency to you. and here we're doing it while we're looking at videos. if we can make the transition. russia launches sputnik and the cold war bursts on to the international scene. tension between the united states and russia. the red scare. and we heard earlier about senator joe mccarthy and the role he played in the united scare, theng the red rosenberg espionage trial, also, the u-2 spy plane shot down over russia. >> gary powers. >> here at home, rosa parks with bus ride, and montgomery, alabama, the rkansas school segregation case, also the creation of the

interstate highway system. established. and our two last states, number 9 and 50 came into statehood, alaska and hawaii. eisenhower wasn't involved in any of this. she wasn't an issued person at all. discuss issues publicly. she saw not her job as it. privately, she was very opinionated. had strong ideas on social an es but she feelsn't activist when we think of women out today. >> in fact, she was probably the presidential wife that idn't have a particular cause while she was in the white house. hat was something that eleanor roosevelt had done.

but bess truman had not done. mamie, her whole background, ould not have lent itself to her doing that. but she's the last first lady case. that's the >> she launched loss of tyranny the spokesperson for the american heart association. projects say they were the way they were institutionalized. for being criticized very traditional. >> with jaclyn kennedy after her and mrs. johnson, a first lady was expected to have a project. exactly. she wasn't considered a serious first lady if she did not have a contract. >> 19 years after she left the hite house, mamie eisenhower sat down with barbara walters to give her views on the role of let's watch. , >> you think presidents today

help?heir wives' >> i don't know. it.be they don't want don't think that you can -- i think that you have to -- your husband has to -- a man has to encouraged. i told ike every day we lived he was. i thought how good i thought he was. your ego has to be fed. >> a little on the role of the lady. gary robinson wants to know what greatest e say is her contribution to the role of first lady. >> i would think that she would it was giving ike a where he e home life away from and get the pressing issues of the day. greatest r contribution was in

institutionalizing the first campaigner. i think that's the role that has carried on with later first ladies and american political life. what was your answer? privately agree that it would be created that home. homemaker, she meant it in the truest sense -- making a home that was and welcoming and gave ike a place to escape and for their friends and family to themselves and to be together. publicly i think her contribution as the first lady rejecting someone who really was interested in anyone and everyone without any their ration for political, social, religious background.

to say she was nonpolitical, almost sounds like it was too true.to be but basically she was interested in people for who they were. that in her. with her. ed >> were there public opinion polls? there were public opinion polls but -- >> they didn't ask those kinds of questions. you can't gauge it against today. she did to e things presef eisenhower's sense of peace was camp david after their grandson. called s something shangri-la. >> shangri-la. >> how did it become an official presidential retreat? >> there had been praes retreats.ial the hoovers had set up camp rapidan river in

virginia. unusedat had sort of been because it was a rocky, hilly that franklin roosevelt couldn't use. roosevelt had set up this presidential retreat called shangri-la. was in eisenhower office, he renamed it camp david grandson. >> did mamie invite former first ladies to the white house? pat nixon probably doesn't count. lady.s first >> they didn't know the reagans. reagan's nancy davis parents. them in lized with california. meet them eagan did and actually in the collection

library, senhower there's a notice of ronald and reagan's marriage but the marriage announcement was not invitation to the wedding. so they knew each other more generationally because ike and mamie were better her parents. ladies, yes, rst amie was friends with bess truman, though she didn't often come to the white house afterwards, with edith wilson. the -- ainly all of well, mrs. kennedy, mrs. johnson. would have come to the white house as senators -- --well >> as their husbands were in congress because they would have invited to those functions. >> luncheons. >> talking about family life mamie's job was to

preserve and encourage it. e're going to return to the farm in gettysburg and learn a life.re about family mamie expert. how big is this inside? >> about 14,000 square inches. >> what room are we in now? of the most one important rooms in their home. >> why? >> this is where they lived. mamie said, we lived on the porch. this was the private life of the eisenhowers here, the family center of the home. > it was set up for couches, chairs, and over here, the tv. >> the family of the 1950s will be spending time here. the television. they were the first couple to really watch television together in the white house. what would be a typical

evening here on the porch. would have their dinner on tv trays watching cronkite on the evening news. depending on the time of year, lucy" or "the lawrence welling show." like bonanza erns or gun smoke. >> where would the president sit? >> the rocking chair. he hat's the actual chair sat in. >> old fashioned or early a remote. > mamie had to joke to flip through all three channels to see what was on. >> where would mamie sit? across from him. >> off to the left? >> yes. conversation f would they have? would they talk? > they were great conversationalists. that's a skill she had not just as first lady, but as hostess. she loved eople,

socializing. >> when ike was president and after the presidency, what kind guests would come and be here on the porch with them. came to the porch here in the house. all grandchildren. equally important, dignitaries came to this room to talk to the president and the lady was here would be involve in some of the conversations. dignitaries. >> a lot of big wigs. famously, nikita khrushchev in 1959 to the united states. >> and? here and sort at of had a little thaw in the cold war here with the president and family. >> moving on down, seems to be a room here.kfast is that what this is? where the area couple would play cards here. the ladies played here. gentlemen would be in the other end of the room, ike's den. mamie here in this

part of the room. to paint ent liked here on the porch and she spent o much time apart in their married life. especially in the retirement years, if ike was painting, she here playing cards, solitary, or reading a book. be in the same room because they spent so much time apart in their married lives. this space here with the wicker chairs, i counted 12 lighters. d four >> this is the 1950s and 1960s, and first esident lady smoked. after e up cold turkey the war. mamie smoked a little longer did. her husband >> behind us, it's all covered up now, but what is behind these screens and these drapes? >> the eisenhowers had a of the cattle fields where they raised black the and also part of

gettysburg park. >> what kind of snfs. > secret service eight years after his president and after kennedy's assassination, they again until rvice both of their passings, mamie in '79. mamie told us about eisenhower and tv and -- with unique p tasks. she loved soap operas, her soap choice was "as the world turns." sometimes as first lady, you to miss it. guess who's watching it? taking serviceman notes. >> he would have to miss -- to tell her the plot twists. >> after his death in 1969, she stayed here? yes. >> what kind of visitors did she have on her own? >> she tried to continue to to a degree. much more quiet when mamie was here. mamie was very lonely after the president died so she very much family to iends and

come here and keep her company. snp. d she have hell series of maids. then the sergeant and his wife. came here and s was the valet. >> delores is still living? washington, l in d.c., she keeps close contact with the eisenhower family. stop on our e more tour. we'll be upstairs next time you come back to the eisenhower farm. wondering about the ecret service agents had the duty to transcribe the soap operas in the administration. mamie eisenhower was enormously popular. she was shielded from the press. she gave one news conference in 1953. she'd been asked to write a regular column. declined. this is at the advice of the eisenhower power people. the best dressed

list. >> every year she was in the white house. >> we're going to show a little mamie's style. >> wonderful. >> this is you. about.dy to talk return to the eisenhower library mamie's style. >> this kept her on the ten best dressed list every year she was first lady. she worked with a designer for suits and day wear outfits she. ore this at the st. lawrence seaway where they met prince elizabeth. queen this is a printed cotton fabric that the of the houses eisenhowers lived in in their marriage. includes the five star symbol or the five star general eisenhower. she feels fond of the color pink nd woree it in many shades and styles. many many of the dresses you see are sleeveless. were ike's arms

favorite feature so she chose to show them off. a hand made dress that shows her attention to budget. it that a long hem in she would raise and lower so hat the hem line was always in fashion. jackie kennedy is well known for the little black dress. of mamie'so examples favorite little black dresses. never dress would like an old lady. these gowns she wore well into 80s show a love of bright colors. she loved hats. this is just a sampling. favorite designer is sally victor. no outfit is complete without a of shoes.air mamie. knew that than many of them say made expressly mamie eisenhower. this dress shows her love of fashion. old, too old tos

be a flapper but still very stylish for the day. exhibits ook at the that focus on mamie's style. for her ell known trademark hair style. mamiepecial bangs were the look and you could purchase fake at s to clip into your hair the drugstore else. she went to the elizabeth harden get her hair done and she had one of her hair stylists her drawings so if she had to go to another stylist her perfect. be >> you are on. this series is called "influence image." how much did she influence the american women's looks in the 1950ed? >> she was extremely popular. she set off a rage for pink, for bangs. everybody wanted to look like mamie. little -- it seems a strange to us post jaclyn ennedy, but she really

taste and the best in dresses for the 1950s. everybody tried to copy her look. interesting thing about she angs was that they -- first started wearing bangs in of 1920s after the death their son, ickey had sort of esulted in the eisenhower's growing somewhat apart. and when they were sent to commanding officer's wife sort of took her under her to do d said you have something to rescue your marriage. the things she decided to do was to take a renewed interest in her personal and that's when she had her bangs done. symbol to sort of a oth of them of the rebirth of the marriage.

later when she was in paris, head of nato, e she started frequenting the paris th harden salon in run by elizabeth's sister, gladys. to new when she came frequented the new arden.alon of elizabeth after the first inauguration, i arden wrote to her and said now that you're in the public eye, i noticed when you came back, your hair looked absolutely beautiful, but it hasn't been quite the same since. to renderur style iist these structural drawings which you saw in the film clip at the library, of the steps a hair stylist must take to chieve the mamie look and bangs.

therefore, you in your travels across the country and around he world, you can take these structural drawings with you and o into any elizabeth arden salon and have your hair turn out beautifully. >> the connection with the who made rst lady waves with her bangs and her -- gowns. er sleeveless >> harkening back to mamieizen hour. of the things that she was created first for. one, the first couple to kiss at inauguration. and this has been an historical even of women who weren't invited to early inaugurations. then a splash the first time a rode in the inaugural parade. >> this is taft -- they went so far to kiss one another after the inauguration to demonstrate atext for one another. she completed the white house china collection. the vermeil room. actors toto invite tv

the white house. and the first to use camp david for the icial retreat president. and establish the role of the campaigner.s a we are running out of time. robert, you're on. your question. hi, jackie kennedy has been mentioned a few times tonight. thedid the eisenhowers view kennedies? and mamie got off to a very bad start. righted. never part of it is the difference in age. but it beginning with the and it was just when mamie took jackie through the white house before the

inauguration. and mrs. kennedy was telling mamie, already, the plan she had renovations and that didn't set very well with mamie. and it went on from there. say that later when they were trying to raise funds for now what's the kennedy the eisenhower administration had been planning center in ral washington, d.c. when the kennedys were continuing the plan for that, mamie as retired first of public speak ing and appearances on promote the cultural center. >> our guests talk about the act that the eisenhowers were smokers and in 1955, president eisenhower suffered a heart attack. spent 19 days in walter reed

hospital. i presume that some point in time dick nixon took over the role or he was able to carry time?s duties the whole >> to -- no, nixon -- they anted things to carry on as normally as possible. one?is first >> nixon continued to hold cabinet meetingings. they wanted for the country to was moving rything long as it should be because when the first announcement came attack, the stock market plummeted. there was almost a panic. were on an le they even keel, nixon stepped in. this, eisenhower made the decision to seek re-election we have a brief clip in the campaign ads looking how

mamie appealed to women in the 1956e leshgs. >> so much of our future rests with the women of our country. homemakers. the whole family unit revolves around them. the thing that affects family's welfare affects them first. and everything in the family's from their s influence. they do the family buying. everybody in the family circle is well clothed and well fed. the eyond this, they are custodian of its values and aspirations for the future. the trainings lies of our young people to whom they pass on the rich heritage of our nation. it's love of peace and justice. and its passion for freedom. country swept r dwight d. eisenhower into office ago.years they will probably decide the election this time. like ike. this is somebody else they like

mamie whose eloved smile and modesty and's si natural charm make her the ideal first lady. let's keep our first lady in the white house for four more years. 6, vote for dwight d. eisenhower. >> keep loving the eisenhowers, public did. the eisenhowers served for the next four years and the 1960 brought john kennedy in the white house where he campaigned again. o richard nixon, the eisenhowers went back to private life back to gettysburg. go back there soon, right now. >> for 19 years, mamie eisenhower lived in this house her life she had this picture on every dresser and every house she lived in. that?is >> senior picture from west point.

his says to the dearest and sweetest girl in the entire world. >> pink things here in the dressing room. explosion of pink. the mappser bedroom. >> i think the decor in this telling of their lives together. every bedroom they lived in, she this color walls green and decorated in pink, two colors.e real dedication, real love that the five star general slept sheets. e pink >> this is where they shared until 1969 when ike died. breakfast set on the bed? mamie, of course, spent many mornings in bed. she would have breakfast in bed. brought up of y her breakfast set. she would answer letters, plan day, meet for the

cook, aff members or the whoever she needed to to plan the day. the stroke had here. she had the stroke in september. the eisenhower home open to the public. will they be able to see what we've seen today? if you come to visit us, you can see our room and much more. --ours >> the american people? >> hours, sorry. until 4:00 p.m. 5:15.ite closes as 5:00 or >> this is the eisenhower farm pennsylvania. >> and our thanks to the staff gettysburg farm and theizen hour library of abilene, kansas. to tellthe time we want you about the book we have. those of you watching us along series, we worked

with the white house historical available to make this special edition of the very first ladies' biography book. the website, you can see a tab for first ladies and a tab for shop. selling it at cost so if you would like a momento of the series and learn more about the ladies, it's available to you. also each week, we have a item from the d fist ladies. mamieizen it's the hour's reward as volunteer of after r for her work eisenhower's heart attack. we have just a couple of -- very short time left. years and her legacy? how do we wrap it up with what mamie eisenhower. >> one of the things most telling she didn't think about a legacy.

she thought about what she had as a first lady, as an important job, her contribution american life. would bebly her legacy barbara walters in that interview. when asked how do you want to be remembered? good friend. >> that's how she felt about the american people. she was a good friend to them. people he american returned that friendship to them? >> absolutely. >> and it's a generational next program, we be moving with the youngest couple moving to the white house and looking edys forward to learning how the country changed. we thank our guests so much for their work. your biography is available if people are