interest, is it the public interest, is it in the national interest. >> at the case at the local station i would add where we may have less experience people it's important for management, news management and our e.p.'s to be involved in these kinds of stories. that's the case at the network as well, but we don't have the depth of experience through the ranks at a typical local station. so it's engagement by management. >> hello mr. barrett and mr. sherwood thank you for being here. i'm justin and a first year ph.d. student here at the journalism school. as someone who is interested in teaching i was wondering if there's anything that you think that we should be teaching our students that may be we're not at this point, something to prepare them for for the future.

>> ied a hire what's going on here and in a lot of other institutions, the inner disciplinary approach to things. when we interview younger people they have a very broad set of skills and i think i continue to encourage that to be the case. the intersection between media law and practicing journalism is very important and through wade and a lot of other people's effort that's an initiative that needs to continue in a significant way. nowadays people have to understand technology and they have to understand -- they have to have deep subject matter expertise and i think i would encourage this university and other universities people are trained with depth and not just shallow knowledge that's imagine

or active. but limited knowledge of subject matter which is how some people white wash tv reporters. we need more subject matter certain tease and expertise and i think there is a lot more room for that. >> we can think about subject matter expertise but something that is sort of one of the prerequisites but quickly is gone after an introductory course or two is story telling. just the simple art of telling a great story. because i think for all the students here and for all the professors and for all the practitioners, i think that we all know that as long as a person entering this business knows how to tell a story and knows how that the structure of stories depends on the story

itself, and they're all different ways to tell stories that people will always have work. there will always be a need for story tellers. it doesn't matter how, what screen it's on or what advice. it may be the chip implanted in our heads. there will always be a need for story teller and a desire for story telling. there are books and studies about how we as a species relate and resonate with good stories. it's a gift and art. >> and it's a craft. so i think that there are -- with humility i look at some of the artists of story telling and i always read and i say, boy, i could never arrange the words in that way to tell that story that way. but it's also a craft. and that craft can be mastered by most. that's the part that -- the art

we can all reach for but the craft can be taught and taught very well here and taught in many places but that art of story telling is indispensable. >> i teach medical and science journalism but i have a question actually not related to that. i want to thank you both for your insight in sharing with all of us what you have today. mr. sherwood, you mentioned at the beginning bill keller's column where you said it was golden age of reporting but talked about the dark side as well which is freelanceers are assuming a lot of the burden of international reporting as major organizations cut back and freelanceers who are hurt may not have insurance and abducted as in syria they may not have a big news organization to help them and if they're killed their families may not get the aid

that they would have otherwise. what is the responsibility of major news organizations in terms of utilizing freelanceers rather than hiring people with full-time jobs with all the benefits and the strength benefits and the strength of the news organization behind them? >> first of all, let me just acknowledge that you're one of your first students was our health iede editor dan charles. if dan is the reflection of the kind of students you put out in the world abc news is format every single day. i read the piece and know very well the complicated issues about freelanceers. on one hand it's not a new tpepb nonnon. we've depended upon them for a very long time. they provide a vital role in helping us do the work all over

the place to the farthest reaches of the globe and also major responsibility that come with them. i would say when i saw the piece i shared that piece today with a number of our colleagues because we are -- there are all kinds of initiatives and movements afoot to give more protections to our freelanceers. we work with freelanceers and a very long time but the responsibility is great. when we said this earlier today to some today with a number of our colleagues because we are -- there are all kinds of initiatives and of my colleagues that the sleepless nights in our business have to do when we have sent people into harm's way. and there are employees who are in dangerous spots because we are trying to fulfill our mission, our importance public service mission. >> thank you. >> thank you. >> hi, i'm enrique and i'm a law professor and a graduate of this

law school and a friend of wade's. we're in the 50th anniversary year of "new york times" versus colleagues that sullivan and yet cases against the sullivan and yet cases against the institutional press have been as low as they have been in decades at least according to most caters. i was wondering if that was your experiences on the broadcast side and not the local level and if that's so why do you think that might be? >> you try that. go ahead. i defer to you on that one. >> we are the subject of 300 plus subpoenas your every year pursuing our stories. we've got a lot of legal help. wade's team being part of that. there are a lot of these deals, these issues are settled in progress. a lot of these linel re a lot of these

deals, these issues are settled in progress. a lot of these linel storyryes. everybody is taking a cautious approach. i guess i'm seeing less of this occurring. i don't know if i have an opinion what to make of that off the top of my head. i have to give that more thought. >> me too. i'm happy to follow up and think about it some more off the top of my head i don't have a thought. >> are you conceding -- when i ask people pursuing like you and i talk to a lot of people like you they say -- ask you them about young people what are they gonna do to bring young testimony to broadcast journalism. they talk about mobile apps and streaming and getting to the phones. what are you doing to bring young people to the actual broadcast. i don't see a lot of invasion at the network level or local level

in the format of the news. we're using the same format we used 30 years ago. you can react to that some >> i would say the morning news harry, their formatting it a different way. most of the new things that we tried, the explorations we tried are occurring on the weekends and in the morning news block and i think this is an evolving circumstance. i don't concede in any way next generation people won't watch our news. i think the style -- >> would you say they're not watching it now? >> i think they're watching it in fewer numbers. i'm not satisfied with neilson measurement. i think neilson has a very hard time capturing viewership of younger demographics. we know that the sample is small and those rating samples are very unstable. there are fewer people of younger generations watching our

news product but i don't concede that they won't watch t we know when there is big breaking news events whether it's a storm or shootings at the navy yard or boston marathon bombing they tune in. they grow into the kind of news that we document there is a bit of a generational factor there and i observe that in a lot of different places. i think that we have to write it in a different way and shoot video in a different way and often about story selection. it's about pace of shows. it's finding a way to be relevant and part of this is hooking people in on mobile devices and other devices and fostering the notion of how powerful our brands are in the marketplace and how we can be trusted and it may be instead of the tv station newscast being the first place they go, it becomes the third stop that they

have and they're gonna move from mobile to ipads to desk tops to watching channel five in boston in that fashion instead of the reverse. i think it's a challenge that the industry has. i don't concede in any way that we should give up on that next generation viewership. >> not only do we not give up on it, but last week in miami, abc news in partnership with univision launched a brand new multi-service platform called fusion with the express purpose of appealing to a younger audience specifically a latino audience but really a diverse multicultural audience so the entire philosophy of this new fusion network is aim at younger people with different filters for the programs and different lenses for the program that is aimed to bring them in both

socially, mobilely and digitally and watch on a traditional cable television screen. that's the entire philosophy of this new multiservice platform and it's exciting. what we are going to do there is we've deployed several dozen of our very best folks from abc news and they will come back from these deployments to fusion in miami where they're helping get this network launched. it's a very softed start. it's starting in a smaller number of homes and in the next five years it will grow to around sixty million in its fifth year and during that time we'll do a lot of experimenting and testing the question you are asking, how do we get younger people to engage in lifestyle programming and we've got a lot of ideas and we're washing hard on it and we'll bring those ideas back to abc news and try to infuse the programming with of those lessons.

>> lastly, an important leadership value for hearst television is to value different skills, ideas and talents and that isn't just about the diverse workforce. it's about contrast and i think as we identify or we're putting different people in different stations that reflect the community and the demographic we have a better opportunity to attract the peer groups into viewership in the stations. but it's a challenge that the industry has. >> thank you. >> professor has just given us the signal. >> is that one important? >> gentlemens yes, sir go ahead. >> >> i'm a first year law student here at carolina and a newspaper reporter for 12 years before this. just got sort of an open ended question. wondering if one of you could talk about user generated

content and how you're incorporating that into your overall platform whether it's growing in importance for you and how you pick out the best user-generated content so you keep your credibility. >> it's important to us and it's growing and we spend a lot of time cure rating that content. we've seen that there is great value from getting the video from the people in the field and it adds dimension to the broadcast that we have. it needs to be curated in a very careful way. thank you. >> this has an remarkable evening. rarely does an audience have a chance to hear candid exchange between one of the big three in broadcast television news and seasoned giants of news.

this is exactly unique encounter that wade hargrove benefactor hopes to initiate. wade congratulationsulations to you for the talented codirectors on the center on media law and policy. thank you david barrett and mr. sherwood for this animated discussion. i have to make a few closing remarks. in taking my own idea with some seriously i began this past weekend to review what is really an is aston initially short history of broadcast news for whatever it might yield.

the first broadcast came a mere 75 years ago when the legendary bob trout of cbs created an anchorman's role in new york bringing on the scene live reports of the ominous union between nazi germany and relatively austria. at the end of the live broadcast from new york were two young legends in training, north carolina born 30-year-old edward r. morrow in vienna and 34-year-old william shire in london. soon to join cbs on the scene radio team were 26-year-old eric exceptor ride and 21-year-old charles calling wood of michigan.

nothing was really more memorable to many during the war years for media than edward r. morrow's nightly reports for cbs radio. with a voice that god might have envied he began each broadcast with this phrase, "this is london." he was toot ordered the long pause between this and london made the drama before the news itself was shared. he didn't close his broadcast with a then popular parting phrase shared among londoners in 1940 who endured a night of nazi bombardment in the blitz "good night and good luck." after world war ii they continued their shade and shunned the newly emerging technology of television. cbs had to turn to a 31-year-old douglas edwards to host the

first television broadcast from 1948 to 1962. i really found no characteristic closing line from edwards, but his replacement, someone who became the most trusted man in america, according to one national poll, developed the most well-known slant off line of all during his 19 years at cbs news. walter con cite was everyone's dutch uncle. the face and voice that broke the news of the john f. kennedy's assassination of 1963 and told of the space program and the escalation of the war in vietnam and asayssassination of martin luther king and robert kennedy. he would say "and that's the way it is"&american's trusted that walter told them walter told them

the way it is. he was followed by dan rather who was a 32-year-old reporter when kennedy was short. he was an assistant of cronkite for many years until he was the anchor in 1982. he moved to a modest closer saying, "that's a part of our world tonight." from this is london to that's the way it is to that's a part of our world tonight, these changes by cbs broadcasters seem to me to chart a retreat and appropriate retreat from claims of implicit acknowledgment that television news was at best partial, limited a part of the world tonight. a similar tone of honesty characterized tom bro ka's news.

the 42-year-old ended each of his television broadcasts as nbc's anchor with the simple statement, "that's our news." only this is what nbc has done. long before brokaw, the nbc network contributed one important earlier element in development of what broadcast news actually was. in 1956, nbc pioneered the practice of a dual anchor. 45-year-old chad hutly of montana and the boyish 35-year-old david brinkley of north carolina. the show set it against the dry wit and funny observations of a

far younger brinkley. they ended with a personal exchange. "good night david, good night chet." it was expanding the way it was, the broadcasters with themselves human. they inevitably worked with other journalists and with the listeners themselves. brinkley may have been 'em pauled by the styles of other stars, his ironic tone and individual takes on the news were another important step in the transformation of the genre paving the way toward the highly individualized cable and shows. a b network was late to the party throughout the 1950s and '60s that ran a third place finish until the late 1970s when

head of abc sports turned his creative service to the news. his collaboration with the news team was a series of inventions 20/20, night line and abc world news tonight that put them in the broadcast race. peter jennings monday rated longer than any other broadcaster except dan wrather and most recently diane sawyer closed with the words, "i'll see you right back here tomorrow night." reflecting the god like certainty of a measure oh or cronkite but it's a product that market share is crucial and that getting the viewers right back here tomorrow night is of high concern. at no time in the short closing remarks to look at public broadcasting not much time for the advent of 24 hour broadcast

news. ted turner's cnn news in 1981 which began another profound change 24 hours of coverage every day. it was on january 16th, 1991, that cnn reporters found themselves as we recall in the hotel in baghdad as america launched operation desert storm. cnn's bernard shaw reported on live tell fiftying the incoming missile rounds of an air bombardment all around. the whole nature expanding once again literally overnight. edward r. morrow offered live coverage of german bombings and 50 years later here were american broadcasters in the enemy capital reporting incoming missiles about them. two observations final observations i'll leave with this audience many of you young

journalism students here at chapel hill. the first is observe. you've been drawn to a tpro tpegs, a craft that relies on narrative to inform and share the news. yet your profession must serve up daily stories in media that are among the most unpredictable and rapidly changing technologies in the modern world. no one not even the journalists on the stage or in this audience can fore see the formality much less the delivery stems and even the audiences for narratives you want to share. 75 years ago the idea that one could link journalists in vienna, london and madrid all at the same time that was unthinkable. in 1948 the seasoned war correspondents it was foolish to abandon the powerful media of radio for the doob kwrusz flickering back and white

bastard child that was early television. it wasn't until 32 years ago as we said, i assure one day will seem a practical yesterday to you. the 24 hour a day television news coverage began and that came not from the smartest men at bc or cb a but from a loud-mouthed play boy america's cup sailor living in atlanta ted turner who thought there was money to be made on a diet of all day, all night television news. whether the internet, facebook or twitter or one over the horizon media will take us all in the years ahead, someone somewhere is no one's guess tonight. it will be an extraordinary venture and my final observation about this uncertain world, it was 21-year-old charles

callingwood and 26-year-old eric sevener ride and 30-year-old edward r. morrow and 35-year-old david brinkley who struck out to make radio or television history. the 15 years that lie ahead of us belong to you. law or investment banging can sometimes be areas in which family or college connections can play a huge role yet everyone of the broadcasting greats i mentioned tonight were tied by birth or close connections to no one in the trade. they weren't from media centers in the new york but from north dakota and south dakota and kansas and montana. each of you who are journalism students tonight is presently receiving a gift, a superb

education at unc school of journalism and the leadership in a profession that will change over your lifetime in way that's will confound all of your elders gathered tonight at the hargrove cloak wee al. there is nothing that would please wade hargrove or king keen or sherwood more than to sit together in some assististed living facility 20 or 30 years from now and brag we spoke one evening chapel hill about the future of broadcast journalism and do you know who was in the audience as a 21 or 22-year-old student? it was... and fill in the blank. it was you. the broadcast future awaits you and it's not gonna stop moving and neither should you.

and that is the way it is. good night and good luck. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] >> historically what we've done we slide human life and then a learn face. a work phase and a resting phase afterwards. i think what we should be doing with have them all statement. we should play, rest and work at the same time because the world moves so fast we can't afford it

and we have to stay up to date. >> today on c-span just before 1:00 p.m. eastern and throughout the afternoon, ceo's on the future of higher education and robotics and data as the new industrial revolution.

>> afford care act fully kicks in today but yesterday there was a temporary hold for some religious organizations. the government has until friday to respond. barbara bush is recovering from a respiratory issue. she's in great spirits. dozens of new laws go into effect today. new voter id laws in arkansas, rhode island and obama. happy new year on