he said in multiple speeches over and over again that he is opposed to extremism in any form. he is playing to the nationalistic extremists at home and is worried about them. he is worried about the same kind of people who are being seen in groups on the street in kiev and elsewhere, in finland, norway, netherlands, u.k., germany, anywhere and find right-wing extremist group's it doesn't matter where we look right now. let's be honest about this. our own extremists. 7-12% of any population at any time depending upon the of crisis will hold extreme views and prepared to

violent actions. i grew up in the u.k. and i've in battles and saw someone stabbed in front of me when i letch-year-old during the troubles of ire lapped. i'm sail saying here -- i may emotional but this is something we see across the board everywhere. you can put to rest this whole idea of propaganda. has been trying extremely hard to keep people under control. keeps people, one of russian's natural extremists under tight reign. corralled in political formats and away from streets. puti by hao seen violence after their killing.

been problems and he's worried that this is going to happen and this is why aou crape is important. important to show what can happen if someone hasn't got a strong fist there. actually in e're the situation right now and this is why it could backfire. it gets out of control, if people see something ifferent on the streets of ukraine, they'll start asking at home, hang on, what is this. putin has to keep his extremists leash.ght he other blow back comes to trying to build this expanded union of russia, belarus kazakhstan. violence can work against us. russians lls, 80% of

are against immigration and migration. meaning people moving around the russian federation. the erosion union is supposed to european union, free movement of people. the population of russia is not on this and we get these situations out of control. this does not bode well for the erosion union. if russia is actually going too of russian efense going to what are they think about the implications of the erosion union. ll of these different narratives will work against each other an along the term. this is where the difficulty becomes of these balancing acts. you have to keep control. his is why it's important for all the kinds of narratives like precedentsrd to take in russia. otherwise our competing narratives are being pushed back with a very aggressive defense.

the rhett just like of us faces complex political home and has a lot of nasty people. same difficulties but way.more acute extremists can do. down the to bring soviet union. they were a problem at the time russian rev haougs and he's trying to head it off. mug, in the form of a i'll mention one of our has done a ere, iece today looking at these -- looking at the question of extreme lifts and putting question.to the i would recommend it to you very highly. of 'd like to make a couple

comments. i don't think he identified points.but a couple of under agreement under 1997 agreement between ukraine and ussia, russia is allowed to maintain certain support units in crimea. no indication that the new ukrainian government would challenge that but the agreement allow the russian military to seize points of set up checkpoints and occupy the peninsula in a way.ary those all go well beyond what the agreement permit the russian do.itary to nazi the question of a they did get to tar

entire label is insulting.rong and a colleague was there three eeks ago you and saw people from middle class. you saw families with kids. ou saw a whole spectrum of ukraine out this protesting not the did he sys not to proceed with the you're ewin ssociation agreement but broadened over the course of three months and demonstration which wase corruption endemic and got worse and it was against the authority authority. you can't use that to tar the entire group. to your first question how does mr. putin blow this. a couple -- right now i think he's in a fairly strong feeling fairly good

couple of wayis a ways he can blow this. doubt think this is any what the out come will be whether it's fair or not is a different question. then how does russia respond moves immediately to crimea that would be a mistake. fact s overwhelmed by the that it's simply what it is, which is a naked land grab. could be a mistake. military action, a week ago i think people -- or six days ago this was a certain nervousness e of with these russian maneuvers north of eastern ukraine. the russians go into eastern ukraine. we'll protect t our russian come pay the yachts hich is not just citizens but

ethnic russians wherever they may be. designy action either by in eastern ukraine or if omething happens in crimea, if they declare themselves independent and just say to the and ary you to have heave the ukrainian million are terri ays no we're going 0 say is military conflict. >> mike, this is a confusing episode for the chinese. you can give us some sense of be viewing it? try my best. first point would be of course but different t problem in east asia in the sense that you reference with china sea and the east china sea what's disputed is not territory that anybody's living on for the most part so that makes it a different kind of necessarily easier

or harder but different. a wee bit me feel better in the sense there's not linkage. what might happen in crimea that we may not be able to undo that's .1. you look er two, when at boated these contacts together, it's again a reason to be very careful about your military rhetoric and not just what you do by way of operations but way what you do by threatening. that aren't threats credible in either mace. not to is is a reason send so many navy ships in the black sea. to mobile lies rapid reaction force unless or allies get nervous wouldn't mind a few more people, other allies coming to visit.

but we don't have to all call that a rapid reaction force. scores the importance of being precise on what you're repared to use military force for and what you're not prepared to use it for and you shouldn't blurred.ines get too in some contrast to my second point i think you have to make price even foral things you're not prepared to go to war for. f this is no basis for international law or decency. russia -- i personally would not consider it to be a major nternational crisis that necessarily makes me sleep less well at night but i think russia to suffer lasting consequence and i would like to see us begin the conversation set of sanctions would be appropriate under those circumstances. assets or eizing the at least freezing them indefinitely of a lot of the

good praise to a start. visas for reventing this crop of latter day ggressors from any kind of movement is a reasonable place to start. this would be an action that undone and we e would have to do things differently and perm tphabtly undone and i can't imagine russia belonging in the that kind of action. think we need to have these conversations maybe at a more general level because this has as e a lasting price, just this would have to be a lasting price if tomorrow we woke up and china took over two of the islands overnight and had no i leaving.f this has to be a lasting price. just add to what mike is saying. pack to the 1994

s.dapest security assurance when the ukrainians -- after the soviet union collapsed they had 1900 strategic nuclear war heads in the united states. part of the price we agreed to say we will raine transfer those weapons we said we'll give you security assurances. commitment to your territory and sovereignty and independence and a full violated.t russia has not id assurances and guarantees. hat's because we give them to nato allies, japan and us a rail why and that has a military connotation. we said there's a reason we use his word assurances and not tkpwae tkpwaeurpb /* guarantees. we're not prepared to give you a

ticket that has military on it. e are prepared to take a real interest in your fate and if through these events become hreatened we'll be prepared to reagent. the sorts of things that mike is punish russia are appropriate in terms of our commitment that's we made to the ukrainians in 1994. i would argue that the way to to cal levels andtt also financial and effect no, a'amic assistance with international monetary fund to help ukraine succeed. on best way to get revenge what's happened with russians is and 3 or 4 years from now you hook at the ukraine and you ay this's a country where economy has turned it around. and looking more each day like it's the way to stick a thumb inside of putin's eye. >> let's go back to questions. we have a lot. row. in the third

>> just a quick question. this's a pattern here of behavior. i think that a hot of the others in the west to join sort of just stripping membership my ht view we gave it to them we might as well strip it is energy. have you given consideration to something that i think a lot of have been theeding about. tot if united states offered start selling natural gas to poland, o ukraine and to countries who have higher 40% of dependants on russia for that. to having r reaction

the administration offer to do that. it,re are no lawyers against only laws against law experts from the seventies and not doing that, to start ukraine to put not just more at ease but break that usual shin hold op a number of relung opeans who are an to join the more fur vent economic sessions pause they know that russia has them offthe pun intended. >> i would just tkpoe to the person who just took the from, so right this. >> hi. elaborate on this argument that for me and this russia to cry mayan s not really connected to ukraine but much more beyond it more to the ected

putin in ambition of the black sea region and in the this time it and took again the advantage of the ukraine the same he took it six years ago in georgia. it was a good opportunity for him to take -- strategic his position chewing central asia asian region. what would you think in this approachin i apologize to put 0 oh >> let's go to the back all the to the back in the center so intern some ur exercise. about the to talk

ole of putin as arbiter in a less authority tearian and less command lever than american points. this is a growing body of thought that he's a weak dictator. s we've been speaking here, ussian troops by interfax and krainian tv has physically assault vehicles have driven up base.e this is a thought on how to deal with a russian regime who may solitary decision maker where other interest groups may in fact be trying to control circumstances himself.s the man you. idea.think this is a great

this are now in fact some reconfigurations of terminal built eight eing l.n.g. now receive being converted to expert l. in. g.. is a good argument to be made is it time for the united states to reconsider have this pwap on experts of crude oil, whether to lift that. i would argue this is a very back against sh the russians. this is not hostile. this is not provocative. just the united states making smart economic decisions allow us to export energy to we can draw s so more revenue into the united states. prices oft pushes the the way the market works. i think this is something that is worth doing and it may also also it may be happening in -- taking terms of

victimsalready been the twice of disputes between ukraine and russia. n to thousand 6 and then again in 2009 when the contract expired. russia basically after negotiating for several days contracts so o we're turning the gas off to ukraine. he only gas they're pumping into the pipe is gas to europe. it's all the same pipe. funny thing happened no gas kale out to europe. and so the only way that the russians to completely cut the crapians off is start to europe.kpas twice that has happened. caused them about more energy skrt and russia's to oeublt of a sphaoeuer energy. this is a potential because 60-70% of s probably the gas to europe still goes through ukraine. part that ukrainians

have not made in part because that gets complicated. thing spins out of this's a chance more cut off and that would encourage european countries further. have to y the russians be careful. when they produce gas in western it can only go to europe. they don't have the connecting to asia.swing that hey either export it or sit on it. own tpha /* /- >> i'd lick to make a comment on of all gy front first because this is something we're hearing a lot of. game and not something we'll be able to next next year and putin is pressing ahead with the

aying of the south extreme pipeline across the black sea will be complimenting the going into t is germany. one is a spec of all of this in we're talking about terms of gas, all kinds of things come into play. all very concerned about global warping and when the can't sell their tkpas or don't have aouf teams of it's blown you in the atmosphere. kaoeupdz of dimensions of t the energy tool sim in to effect. the shot to medium term, this to be an option that vladimir putin around any time soon. norway hasn't had the capacity substitute.

and in fact what's coming more is coal. it's being shipped out to germany and elsewhere. we are playing in this game a long game t's we're in for. we can make the moves, but in short to medium term it's still a question of russia dominating. working have to start on it. putin is moving while he can. have all these difficulties of not being completely in charge of the be ableerm and we might to effect the calculation on energy and other issues. ut right now he's in the strength f relative democracy.robust

resident obama can't move and can't be a leader because at very front everybody is activity.ng about his he does his media houpding him. media is in settings throwing him softball questions praising him for his accomplishments. he's right now able to actually a more decisive fashion. it is however true what happens often beyond is the purview of putin and this's a lot of reaction. been very opportunistic. here. he's seeing the weakness of like he d he's acting did with syria, like the

erb aou.weapons people who make their money out these kinds of situations, mig time and time tkpepb in regional 1990s all the e ay through 2012 it was highly places this were local initiative.initiativ this were actions that mitt cal igures exemployed and took the opportunity of. and i think we can actually say that that is definitely again.ing we remember in many respects '90s in cosivo in yugoslavia, one of the local phapders thought here's an opportunity i'll try to to omething in the middle of the

balkans conflict and maybe some greater taoupty. we have to be very enof l in interpreting ef the and the difference is putin has been better positioned to take crisis than we have. >> let's go back for one more round from the audience. right there. >> thank you. have some questions. first, in terms of legitimacy of ukrainian authority, i'm a dering do you think it is little regrettable that agreement couldn't live longer? n this issue, what kind of compromise are you expecting players? the

if there can't be a compromise crisis effect the e.u. events like and the may election? you. question. wondering whether we can expand some discussion to the role of russia in issues of international europe. outside o, what is in your opinion -- what impact is this crisis in have on ion going to .ssia's

>> one more person in the back there. i'm from the new york sometimetimes. the idea of is consideration of russia and are here objectives of this and should this end the competition russia? let me start with the february 21st question. february 21st, after three very violent days in kiev, there an agreement reached between he former president and the three opposition leaders, the three main opposition leaders.

it was witnessed or actually -- polish and an, french foreign ministers this and youo encourage this also had the ambassador from the russian federation there as well. this was a draft done and it was nitialled by the they opposition leaders and then the german, ers that the ambassadorpolish and initialled the draft as this was a d then period of consultation and then hraoeuzed the document. and then he does appeared. to with the ay actual signature. when you see the actual document om when this should be eight signatures instead of seven. would thatappened --

agreement been able to go forward? pretty cheer. it called for the reaction of a called unit and it can for revising the constitution to 2004 version which had more of a ball of power on one hand and the rhyme the articlement op and it called for moving up the presidential between september and november. >> we don't see this guy being in office for one more day let until the fall. i'm not sure whether that would have been -- whether it could have with stood that challenge from the

demonstrators. but we never got to that point agreement signed the and walked out and wept back to outside of kiev and valuables and fled. e turned up very briefly the next day in a short filmed interview and disappeared for days and then he gay a press conference hat week in russia. i know he's not been seen since then. fell reement keened of pause ou really had no executive authority. at that point he had already resignation of his gone to ister who had moscow. they took the steps that it did

appointing the speaker. this is all consistent with the parliamentary rules of under scores the importance of having the presidential election in may and in a it be free and fair way that gives ukrainians a fidence that we have elected leader. , how is this affecting the prospects? that was the question. the question asked about a russia.ation with and so i wasn't entirely clear. different ways that .estion could be answered this is discussion about turning ukraine into a federation that happening right now that is being pushed from russia and sources.r

this is one solution to the problem. parts of luding get the maximum economy and that would increase in many respects the potential russia.ce of that is something that actually in ukraine that is been very long time since the 1990s because there is of a divergence. here is no such things as the average ukrainian and win egions there are no average viewpoint. ukraine has -- like the has huge tes divergence and what we might different things. that is a difficult issue. union discussion now has

eached a different level. this is the custom idea of ringing ukraine into the customs union. it was initially put forward this would be a negotiation of correct where eighting another high level of trade negotiation. of that back on the table and now there are all kinds of talks that this has to a way of diffusing these complications. union a of european association agreements and the ranspacific partnership are coming out of the idea that it a halt.ind to aybe a regional block could provide somewhere forward. t's more likely to be leading

to a confrontation and to more confusion. ow there is a discussion going on meaned the scenes how can we find different ways of finding out is and really what is going on. i think it is spirally possible could be some more theussion about taking down rhetoric and having a straightforward and very about what scussion his real routes of the cop tphreubgts and the confrontation this. to be a his is going great deal of complication on this syria and iran front. we saw the blocking of envoy over the last few discussions about

having a u.n. mission. russians don't look like they're very happy about that and the whole discussions are taking police in the u.n. framework. we theed have to russia on board context given its security counsel role for iranian n and negotiations negotiations. obviously the negotiation over program.ar item. ill be a difficult >> it's an excellent question and very important. panel, f us even on this but certainly in the broader talking debate we're about pannishing putin for what and we must but calibrate it. but this cuts to the strategic to be y it needs calibrated. for a n annexes

referendum in a couple weeks then we need have to the kind of i mentioned but preventing about russian companies from western or access to western banks or access to western oil markets markets. decides it take our firm but limited response and we may wind up uglier place. oing after putin and his job officials and coneys with targeted sanctions on their finances has the advantage of being fairly hard limitedagainst them but in a broader strategic sense, as this cause as bad

at leastas been so far this hasn't been widespread limit on nd the operations have been fairly geographically specific so far. to continue to to nt advise putin and not escalate. >> i think i did very well and i also the rest of the papl did well. we've had an excellent panel so in thanking the panel. hauz phrauz [applause] [applause] just not update the associate

russian orted that a military truck broke down the military entered a base. have bear roops inside one emselves action on tharracks on the bas. over on c-span three, a on the relationship on the republican party and hispanic voters. n the con serve active political action conference continues tomorrow. gingrich nclude newt and sara palin and others and underway tomorrow and e welcome you your comments on

twitter and facebook. say, most of to health policy really isn't all.th policy at t is essentially budget policy and so the congress just ducks so many of the big issues and ends up putting together parlance that in the of washington might be called a it's an extension. maybe it's called a stop gap, fact is it ducks the big issues. t repeatedly ducks the big issues and particularly on edicare when you have 10,000 people he will i believable for medicare every day this is a attached with that. so now the challenge is to try find a way to move beyond

budgeting.ion on so often as i indicated we don't get into the structural kinds of use and move from one to another and only up with some sensible budget policy. this weekend on c-span senate committee chair r. 5:fry on c-span two grounds and three architecture of george washington's mount srer nonsunday night at 8:00. >> we do a criminal role.igation we have a srft enforcement role, things he most critical the agency does is enforce the

security laws. but we don't have the criminal authority. have the power to bring commission.our civil actions and civil fraud actions and negligence actions violate the who federal securities law. we can't send anybody toall but can assess civil penalties. our level of penalties isn't as as we would like it to be. require those who commit wrong doing to dis-george their ill-gotten gains, the profits they make from their wrong doing to bar somebody from the securities industry so hey can't basically live another day to defraud again. exchange ies and commission chairman mary an white. > president obama today talked

about the plans to make college more affordable that are part of $.9 trillion budget pro proposal. e spoke to about a thousand students and teachers at a high miami. in >> hello, miami! thank you. hello!

yeah! is good to be here at coral reef senior high. because are just happy it's warm down here all the time. i don't know if you're aware of this, but the rest of the country is cold. are so michelle and i grateful for the warm welcome. it is great to be here. want to thank some people who are doing outstanding work. your of all, superintendent is doing great work. really proud of him. principal is doing great work. teachers and reef staff, doing a great job.

nd you're doing what is necessary to help young people get ready for college and careers. so, that's why we're here. we're proud of what's being done at this school. a few other tion here w. are garcia'songressman joe here. congresswoman fredrica wilson here. got miami dade county karly arlos jimenez and chris is here your former governor. of all, i want to thank he people that michelle and i came all the way down here to see and that is the students of coral reef.

applause] ou know, we had heard great things about your school. we heard great things about the students. down here and me just see what was going on. and michelle and i just had a to visit with some of were going tes who through some of the scholarship applications and we had a chance to them and hear what their plans were. looked all, mish and i and said, these must be actors playing students because they and good hooking organized. you ask them what are you going well, nd they're like,

i'm going to be amying to business school ask then i'll company. when i was your age i didn't know what i was doing. if i got out of bed on time. ahead of the are game. and we're here to tell you that good work keep up the because by working hard every single day and every single making the best investment in your future and we want to make sure you got you thing all the tools need to succeed. we want every young person to teachers and of the kind of classes and the kind of learning experience that are here at coral u reef. because that's the best can make in america's future. keep in phaoeubd, michelle and i we're only here today because the kind of education

got.we that was our ticket to success. we grew up a lot like many of you. mom. raised by a single she was a teenager when i was born. we moved around a lot and we didn't have a lot of money. but the one thing she was determined to see was that my best and i would get the education possible. me. she would press sometimes she'd make me wake up, lessons i even before i went to school and at the time i happy about it and now i'm glad she pressed me like it. hanks to my mother and grandparents and then great teachers and great counselors who encouraged me and a country possible for me to afford a higher education, i was college and law school. and then when i met michelle, i -- that applause]

>> you know this are a couple of things i noticed. noticed she was smart. funny.ed she was she's funnier than i am. obviously i noticed she was cute. also e of the things i realized was we grew up in different places her story was like mine. her dad worked at a city water plant. he didn't go to college. collar worker. mother-in-law, my was a secretary. because she worked hard and her arents understood the value of education and she had great teachers and great opportunities

and because the country was willing to invest to make sure that she was able to pay for ended up going to some of the best united states in the country. so, the point is, she and i have been able to achieve things that parents and grandparents would have never have dreamed of that's the chance this county should give to every young person. that's the idea of the heart of america. clear leer >> what makes this country great and special -- when you look and miami is a great example of it. everywhere.ople come every race, every faith. binds us together is this idea if you work hard you an make it, that this's opportunity for all. he belief that matter who you are and no matter where you come and if you're responsible

put in the effort, you can succeed. no limit to what you can do. that's what america is all about. aphraus) nd drew manynity is what of your parents and grandparents to america. retore store that idea for your generation. that everybody has the same did.e michelle and i that's why we're working on what we call an opportunity agenda. to make sure hard work's rewarded with a paycheck that supimportance the family, to make sure that everybody can get need it, sohen they nobody has to get into financial rouble because someone in the family gets sick. and for the students here, a lot of you, you may not think about these issues all the time.

a lot of time on homework and sports and this and hat, but you also oftentimes see your own family struggle and about it. one of the single most important sure that every young person in america has to a world class education. a world class education. why we are here. i believe we should start teaching our kids at the we're trying to help more states make high other preschool and early learning programs available to the youngest kids. i believe that our k-12 system should be the best in the world we started a competition called race to the top to ncourage more states like in a tphra to raise expectations for students like you, because when e set high expectations, every single one of you can meet them.

recruiting and preparing the best teachers. around low ing performing schools and expanding making forming ones and sure every school is ready for a college career. i believe that every student best technology. so we launched something we our d connect ed to expect schools to high-speed internet miamiwant to congratulate dade an and you're achieved dent because your goal in installing wi-fi in every school. the good news is in part because of some of these reforms when you add it you will up our nation's high school graduation rate is record. on the dropout rate has been ropping and among latino students it's cut in half since

2,000. rate is e's graduation the highest its ever been and because of the efforts of the parents and students who have put in the effort and the administrators and staff who are doing such a great job. should you be proud. making progress. we're making progress. guys -- you can all sit down. i didn't realize everybody was standing up. sit down. take the load off. guys can't sit down though because you don't have chairs. you guys stay. although bend your knees so you don't faint. here's the key thing. we still have more work to do. all of us. teachers are als, parents, principals, students. a 2-way street as

michelle says of the folks like to give youork hard the best schools and support you hold but then you got to up your end of the bargain by education.to your that means you got to stretch your minds. subjectso push through that aren't always easy and if education nuing your past high school whether that's a two-year or four-year high getting gree or professional training. i want to talk about an easy high school students can take to make college a reality and it's something you already know but i'm speaking to the young people out there 0 who may be much with aing. it's called fast is a, the free pplication for federal student aid. it is a simple form. used to be complicated but we made it simple. it doesn't cost anything.

that's why the word free is in the name. it does not take a long time to out. once you do you're putting yourself in the running for all of financial support for college. loans, ships, grants, work study jobs. for the past five years we've college ing to make more affordable and took on a loan system that gave billions dollars to big banks to manage the student loan system. we said we don't need the banks. give it directly to students and we can help more students. we expanded the grant that students froms of low income people to pay for college and cap their payments income once they graduate. today more young people are college degrees than ever before. great thing.

to do more to ed in.n it no striving hard working mbitious young american should ever be denied a college education just because they afford it. unfortunately there's still a lot of young people all across say the cost of college is holding them back. ome of you may have sat around the kitchen table with your parents wondering about whether afford it.ble to easiest way.s the last year you had the second completion rate of any large high school in the state. of that.d be proud

your teachers and parents should be proud of that. of high school florida didn't form.ut the not only is it not right but it ain't right. they lost out on over $100 million in pel grants. about that. 1 million that could have helped florida students pay for table.e was left on the that's just in florida. ationwide over 1 million students didn't fill out the form. every lenge today for high school student, fill out the form. might not think you qualify for financial aid, fill out the form.

qualify. we're making it easier than ever. online.he form we made it shorter. it takes about half an hour to out. and it could change the rest of your life. e've updated it to save your parents as lot of hassle as well and today i'm announcing another improvement. i'm directing the department of education to tell every governor can, if theyay they choose, confidently let high administrators know which students have filled ou the form which haven't. if the principal wants to check -- i know everybody is like whoa. this way she could check and filled it have not out, she could then help them nswer the questions and figure out what's holding them back.

able to go on line and fill out the number of students who filled out the form high school so we can track it. f you want to have a friendly high ition if tom meadow or miami to see who can get a completion rate you can do that. highest ve the second rate in the state but i mean if you want to settle for number you might be y. able to get to number one. huh? saying. you could go for number one. these are thing i can do on my own. but i'm here to tell you, i i could use some help from folks in washington. this are some things i don't need congress's permission for nd in this year of action

whenever i see a way to expand opportunity for young people i'll go ahead and take it. gonna go ahead and do it. so earlier this year michelle college opportunity summit wherever 10050 colleges universities and non-profits and d kids get to college graduate to college. but i'm also willing to work congress, dy in democrat, republican, doesn't matter to make sure young people have a shot to success. a few days ago i sent my budget are boring and they but the stuff inside are pretty important. budget focuses on things like preschool for all. like

like redesigning high schools so students like you can learn real-world skills that businesses want, like preparing more young people for careers in some of the fields of the future -- in science and technology and engineering and math to discover new planets and invent robots and cure diseases -- all the cool stuff that we adults haven't figured out yet. these are not just the right investments for our schools. they're the right priorities for our country. you are our priority. we've got to make sure we have budgets that reflect that you are the most important thing to this country's success. if you don't succeed, we don't succeed. we've got to make sure all of you are prepared for the new century, and we've got to keep growing our economy in other ways -- attracting new high-tech jobs, reforming our immigration system -- something congressman garcia is fighting for. and the rest of congress needs to stop doing nothing, do right by america's students, america's

teachers, america's workers. let's get to work. let's get busy. we've got work to do. all of us have work to do -- teachers, school counselors, principals, superintendents, parents, grandparents. we all have work to do, because we want to see you succeed, because we're counting on you, barracudas. and if you keep reaching for success -- and i know you will, just based on the small sampling we saw of students here -- if you keep working as hard as you can and learning as much as you can, and if you've got big ambitions and big dreams, if you don't let anybody tell you something is out of your reach, if you are convinced that you can do something and apply effort and energy and determination and persistence to that vision, then not only will you be great, but this country will be great.

our schools will be great. i want us to have the best-educated workforce in america. and i want it to be the most diverse workforce in the world. that's what i'm fighting for. that's what your superintendent and your principal are fighting for, and i hope that's what you fight for yourselves. because when i meet the students here at coral reef, i am optimistic about the future. michelle and i walked out of that classroom, and we said, you know what, we're going to be in good hands, we're going to do ok. because these young people are coming, and nobody is going to stop them. thank you, everybody. god bless you. god bless america. forever"nd stripes

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us toin brady joins discuss the president's budget proposal, and the news that 175, created last month. we do not have a criminal investigation role. we have a fast enforcement role. to enforce the federal security laws.

we do not have the criminal authority. we have the power to bring with the approval of our commission civil action, civil fraud actions.nd negligence we cannot send anybody to jail, but we can assess civil penalties. our level of penalties is as high as it would like to be. we can require those commit wrongdoing to disgorge their ill-gotten gains, and we have somebody fromar the securities industry so they cannot live another day to defraud again. >> mary jo white, sunday night at 8:00. now a discussion on the history of the u.s.-israel relationship

and the influence of pro--israel groups on political campaigns officials. this is almost an hour. much.nk you very we are just honored to have you with us today. thank you so much. thank you for everything you have done over the years. i am the managing editor of "the washington report on middle eastern affairs," and i will give you a slightly different picture about the united states congress. our magazine has been covering ro-ish-year-old -- is --

pro-israel pacs since 1986. i immediately tell them that aipac does not make campaign contributions. i think it is important not to accuse a pack of doing something it can truthfully deny because that makes it too easy for aipac to deflect the argument. pacs is not to say that aic has nothing to do with campaign contributions. published a we paper written by our executive editor, there were about 128 pro israel pacs. now there are about 30. according to the center for politics, 31 pro apacsl pca

contingent -- contribute it millions of dollars in 2012. while this year's is still a work in project -- in progress. gaveu can see, these pacs almost 60% of their contributions to democratic candidates in 2012. it is not the case that only republicans are eager to do israel's bidding. -israel gave to democrats. these pacs have interesting characteristics. the filings, with the ftc, they all list themselves as unaffiliated. have no problem identifying their affiliation. under thepacs

national association of realtors all list their industry as real estate agents, and each of the seven includes association of realtors in its name. thell show you the names of 31 pro israel pacs that open secrets has listed. what is interesting is all but four of them have innocuous misleading names. those exceptions are the world alliance for israel, the republican jewish coalition, the national jewish democratic council, and allies for israel. even the means is that most conscientious voter who knows the name of every contributor to a candidate's campaign might not know that the candidate is receiving money from paccs that advance the introduced -- the interest of a

foreign government. another characteristic of pro israel pacs if they prefer to give to reliable incumbents rather than challengers, recapping -- regardless of the party religion. they also give priority to members of congressional committees responsible for issues of concern to israel, such as foreign affairs, armed forces, or touch it. -- or budget. they like to extend their largess two leaders. contributions used to be fair and middling, but his have now increased to the point where now he is receiving more than $250,000. collectsis when a pac checks and hands them to a favorite candidate. this way the candidate has no doubt about the source of the pac isution, but the

not regard to disclose them. bundling began to become popular around 1994 when talk of campaign finance reform was in the air. it is a way to minimize the public impact of pac contributions. most additional pro-israel pacs use bundling. according to open secrets, the pro israel norpac, the number five contributor to a campaign, if him $3804. individuals associated with that than $58,000.more 904, so0 ived pac contributions are just a tip of the iceberg.

what is most striking about pattern ofis the giving. once you have read the filings it is completely predictable who the other ones will beginning to, and i can attest to this because i've gone through these pages of fec reports. locksteps operate in to such an extent that some of them who represent a certain state do not give to a single candidate to that state. report'she washington list of the top 10 recipients in 2012. you can see steny hoyer was num ber four in the house and ben cardin was number four in the senate. neither faced a tight reelection campaign. one would assume some of the thousands of dollars these men

got came from the maryland association of concerned citizens. here the house candidates that pac gave to in 2012. hoyer is nowhere to be found. similarly, one searches for ben cardin. instead, the maryland association for concerned citizens gave to candidates as far away as nevada, north dakota, california, but not a single candidate in maryland. a memo leaked reveals that aipac exercises and high degree of coordination over the smaller pacs. instructs a subordinate

topressure several to donate specific candidates. the first item is hard to read. has done nothing , louisiana, and missouri race. they have given $500. they had $11,048. try four 1000 bond more. this memo makes clear that the recipients are not necessarily selected by the individual pacs making this contributions. despite this smoking gun memo, the federal election commission classifies aipac has a membership organization rather than a political committee. what this means is that aipac does not have to reveal its sources of income or expenditures. 30 pro israel pacs

must adhere to regulations among which limit campaign contributions from pacs to $10,000 per candidate per election. are 30 unaffiliated pacs altered into the same candidate, that is a potential hall of $300,000 per candidate. for his first senate race in 1998, tom daschle received more 260,000 in pro-israel contributions. as we have seen, that does not include contributions from pro-israel individuals. not only does the favored candidate benefit, because it is broken up into smaller

components, the extent of the lobby's influence on american elections is hidden. this is no pro-israel pac it as being among the 2010 top 10 contributors by the center for responsible politics. -- responsive politics, i am sorry. that year pro-israel pacs contribute nearly $3 million to congressional candidates, making largestixth contributor. by comparison, in 2012, the two gave a total pacs of $20,000 in campaign contributions, less than 1% of the total amount contributed by pro-israel pacs. pacs gavero-israel nearly 150 times more in campaign contributions. there's no question that aipac

and the israel laterally -- bobby baskin the repetition, but that may be more shallow than it appears. in 2010, it was clear that the last person to lobby wanted as senator from kentucky was rand paul. we know that because pro israel $32,500, his opponent and 16,250 to the democratic candidate for senate for a total of just under $50,000. rand paul got just $2000, but he went on to win the election. even the candidate who got the most pro-israel contributions in 2010, mark kirk, barelyw won his election, despite massive pro-israel pac contributions and that he raised more than $4 million from his components. easter barely made it. his history approach israel

contributions is instructive. he started getting $7,000 for race and it went up dramatically each race thereafter. when he got $91,200 for a house race in 2008, it was clear they were setting him up to run for the senate. until recently i never heard kirk described as anything but a moderate republican. his unwavering support of israel was never a campaign issue. the mainstream media did not raise it. the evidence was there for all to see on his senate campaign website. not only does mark kirk write his name in hebrew, but is not in the stars and stripe, but the blue of the israeli flag. mainstream media do not talk, campaign contributions do. i hope and urge you to take this information and make it public by attending campaign events and

directly asking the candidates what they have done to deserve this money, by writing letters to the eiditor. that your constituents know that they're represented in congress is too often putting their interest of their foreign government ahead of their own. thank you very much. now i would like introduced cynthia mckinney of georgia he knows what it is like to be a target of the israel lobby. she was disappointed that she cannot be with us in person today, but she had a prior commitment out of the country. to videotapeenough a message for all of us. [video clip] this is cynthia mckinney, and i am pleased to be able to make this video presentation for the washington report on the middle east.

the way in which one can best is totand the terrain do the research. one can go to the congressional record and read laying out the facts. earl hilliard was a member of congress who served along with me. he was from alabama. i was from georgia. he was the first african-american to be elected sincegress reconstruction, and i was the first african-american woman to be elected to congress from the state of georgia. so earl and i together went to and we bothd.c.,

served on the international relations committee, and we both ended up being targeted by the pro-israel lobby merely because we attempted to do our job and to represent our constituents and represent the good people of the united states. i have written a book, "ain't nothing like freedom," and it explains my experiences with the pro-israel lobby from candidate a redistricting case go all the way up to the supreme anti-defamation league becoming a party to that lawsuit, joining in with five whites who did not want black representation for

them and their community in .eorgia in the congress the next part of the comments i would like to make our around this issue -- our around this issue of being caught in the eye of the storm, and a political aign, the idea put forward if you want to prevail, if you want to win, money, message, and media are ways in theh you can direct torrents of the storm rather than become a victim of the storm. the program israel lobby usually has a whole lot of money, and those of us who act of conscience generally do not. you do not have to equal the

dollars in the bank. but you do have to do is have enough money in order to do the things that are necessary in order to have a successful campaign. enough does not necessarily mean the same as our equal to. -- are equal to. i ended up being extremely embarrassed for no fault of my own, and then only to be told and i challenged andy, said, what happened, why did you do this? did not wantd he to make them upset. him not making them upset and that i became expendable to him and i was his friend, my very first chief of staff was his daughter, and that was the way i was treated, because he did not want to make them upset. that i just jotted needin my notes was the

for critical discernment. knowing who is who. media of thead the other side. so i make sure that i read i read i read forward, the jewish telegraphic agency. zooing who is who in the will also lead you to my next topic, which is the 99% club. we have members of congress who are wonderful on 99% of the issues of 99% of the votes. when its the one issue comes to israel and the united states' relationship with

israel and holding israel breaches offor international law, breaches of of. law, and our just sense human rights and dignity, they are not good on this issues. we have lots of members of congress who are in the 99% club about 99% unfortunately is not going to get that 99% club are not going to be the members who will stop us from being involved in these wars. they are not going to be the members who will speak up when the united states is violating human rights and just a sick dignity of other people's. want to discuss is why this is important. it is important, one, because there is a group of us, we care about the dignity of the earth. we care about human dignity. we care about liberty.

and we also know that you cannot warmongers, those who are ready to kill in an instant, those who hold cabinet meetings and decide that they are going to assassinate people, those who are willing to support a president who by an executive order, by writing an executive order, will condemned to death who willdual, or those not stand in the way of the machine, the war machine, when it decides that an entire country has to be destroyed. who in to know who is the zoo, and 99%, that 99% club is not good enough. it has not been good enough for the people of palestine. it has not been good enough for the people of libya. it has not been good enough for

the people of syria. it will not be good enough for the people of ukraine. that 99% club is a club, that at the end of the day, is at the cutting edge of .verything that we are against and so the, therefore, it is time for us to decide that we are going to win. it is time that we become the candidates who will say no to this awful agenda that oppresses, and represses. i hope that you have received my message and that you understand that we have to utilize the schools that are there before us, the writings of others, the floor statements like gus savage's laying out the facts, that we have to understand who is our friend and who is in opposition to us. sometimes our friends come from

places where we least expect it. and those who are opposed to us come from places where we least expect it. we have to understand that we have to remain open, our senses attuned to something new to this new paradigm that has been thrust upon us. but if we want peace and not war, if we want dignity and not repression and oppression, if we division and not hate, then we are going to have to adjust to this new political paradigm and find friends and places that we did not find them .efore we're going to have to do things that we did nothing he could do before, and we're going to have to step outside of our level of comfort. so for our sake, and for our

, let's do what we have to do to become winners. thank you. ♪ you from afar, cynthia mckinney. i would like to introduce the ives editor and executo director of the washington report on middle east affairs and will give us a more complete picture on what congress has rwrought. >> thank you. you heard about the high cost of israel to our political process. you will hear touch more about what americans have paid for the u.s.-israel relationship. i will focus on the dollar and good sense. americans are concerned about

nationc issues, as our emerges from the 2008 financial crisis. we are worried about forployment, rising food fuel, affordable housing, and health care costs. we are concerned about our aging infrastructure, crumbling roads, bridges, and decaying schools. it's your eating water systems and electrical power grids. despite our economic fears, americans are a generous people. many of us believed we should help support not just here at home, where we had nearly 50 million americans living in poverty. we also want to give food and medical assistance to help the hungry and foldable, especially children, survive conflicts and crises in the developing world. most americans would be surprised to see how little foreign aid our country actually gives as a percentage of our gross thomistic product when compared with other nations.

foreign aid is only one percent of our federal budget. but in tough economic times like those we are facing today, foreign aid is sometimes considered to be low hanging fruit coming easy to cut, because it does not directly benefit americans. eight are cutting back on compared to previous decades. i challenge american taxpayers to look a lot more closely at 3.1 billion u.s. eight dollars every year. you know that more than 5% of our foreign aid is subsidizing one of the top 10 most powerful nations in the world? ofael, with a population nearly 8 million people, about the same number of people who live in hong kong or new jersey is the largest recipient of u.s. foreign aid, and that has been the case for more than a generation. wrote anago my dad

article called true lies about u.s. aid to israel. it could have been written today. most aid recipients he said arturo developing nations, which either make their military bases available to the u.s. or have suffered some crippling blow to their abilities to feed their people, he said. israel, whose troubles arise solely from its unwillingness to give back land it seized in the 1967 war in terms -- in return with peace for its neighbors, does not those criteria. israel tries to give americans the impressions that they are in grave danger. they face annihilation. their urgent appeals ring insignificant charitable kind of visions, was from well-meaning evangelical christians and american jews. u.s.hearted americans and todeductible to nations

help the needy, including jewish immigrants and israeli soldiers. who knew we could get a tax write-off by sending pizzas and so does two israeli soldiers and tanks in checkpoints? birthright israel sent 37,000 young people on free trips to israel each year. 660lthy americans donate $ million a year for these trips, and students are not permitted to travel to the west bank or east jerusalem. does israel need our handout? let's compare their country to other countries'. gdp put it below britain and france, and just 34,000 500. at

according to the national power index, israel's army ranks sixth in the world. israel has nuclear weapons, unlike any of its neighbors rate is your ranks fourth in technological capacity and is among the world's leaders in science. israel plus unemployment rate is is% among while america's seven percent, and europe's average is 12%. is your ranks 15th on the you and development index. illustrating the high quality of life for jews living in israel. israelis can expect to live until they are 81.8 m and americans, 78.6. state-funded health care is ranked fourth in the world and the u.s. is in the bottom of bloomberg's list of 48 countries. israel receives more than $3.1 billion in direct foreign

assistance each year, which is entirey 1/5 of americans' foreign agent budget. chuck hagel recently promised that this aid would not be reduced even while he listed significant cuts to america's defense budget. the house armed services committee voted to give 00 million fora $5 missile interception systems. president obama boasts the u.s. has never given so much military aid to israel as under his presidency. macarthur tallies up u.s. aid to israel for our magazine. defensiblevative accounting of u.s. direct aid to --ael, macarthur estimates

her estimate does not include the occupation of iraq. hundreds of billions of dollars which many believe to have been undertaken for the benefit of israel. 2014, israel has billion from the foreign aid budget and $2 in federal loan guarantees. per day. million -- 365 days year come if you add grants and loans. israel has received since 1949, a grand total of $134.21 billion, excluding the 10 billion in u.s. government loan guarantees it has drawn today. cheryl macarthur's calculations are modest. the economist estimated that 1.6ael costs the u.s. about $

trillion between 1973 and 2003 alone, more than twice the cost of the vietnam war. that is not all. some unique benefits. washington has granted israel 19 billion dollars in loan guarantees to make it easier to borrow each year. this means israel can start earning interest on the money right away, and the u.s. government, which operates at a deficit, must ro the money to pay israel and then pay interest on the interest all year long. is your can use 25% of u.s. aid to buy arms from israeli companies. congressional legislation requires us to maintain israel's qualitative military edge. that means anytime another u.s.ry in the east buys arms, we have to make sure israel gets better weapons. we regularly transfer surplus

military equipment to israel. israel is now storing equipment worth more than $1.2 billion. america also gives $1.5 billion to egypt's people. egypt's military, mostly. gets $660 million a year. themo israel is a subject rarely makes it into the mainstream media. we were stunned when walter normallyckle this .nmentionable subject'to a out if israel can

reduce it defense spending because of domestic economic problems, should not the united states, which must cut costs because of its deficit, consider reducing its aid to israel? i would like to conclude by stating the obvious. the u.s. president and congress give aid to israel for domestic reasons. jewish and please evangelical christian voters who are often more pro-israeli man is really's. it is mind-boggling that when it comes to israel, u.s. taxpayer largess has no preconditions. israel has a green light to use tax revenue for military options, which destroyed palestinian or lebanese roads, water, electrical power plants, and please stations, not to mention shops, homes, schools,

orchards. and sometimes israel demolishes ports, andgrounds, other vital infrastructure paid for by american taxpayers and donors. u.s. aidt time to halt until israel complies with you and resolutions, withdrawals from the occupied territories, and aches peace. according to surveys, a growing number of americans want israeli aid levels the same, reduced, or canceled. with the prospect of prolonged in the unitedty states, overall, american public support for foreign aid nato mission in the years ahead. economic conditions in the united states should affect future aid to israel. cutting off aid to israel is the logical and economical and ethical thing for americans to

do. thank you. [applause] >> thank you, delinda. that was very sobering. are there any questions? take them now, including questions for congressman findley. we can get the microphone over to him if you would like to ask him something. do we have someone with a microphone here? ok, so we will start with you? yeah. my name is -- from virginia.

i am 72 years old. i learned so many things in my life, especially living in the united states for 40-plus years. was gawas a boy, i ssed. the time came to eat lunch, a person made bread come and rubbed butter on top of the bread for me and gave the bread to her son, has no bread on top of it, and i said, why? then i find out one day that she put a big chunk of butter inside the pocket of the bread. are treatinge the world and israel. >> thank you very much. [indiscernible] i guess we will alternate site here. >> why hasn't not been possible to designate aipac as a foreign

lobby? has classified it as a membership organization, and we actually, the washington report and other is the worst other -- and distinguished people, brought a suit asking that it classify it as a political action committee. we did not win that suit. it was thrown out because the fec changed its rules and aipac all of a sudden fit to he rules. that is part of the justice department, and the justice department has not enforced -- they have let it slide. they have not insisted that aipac be a foreign lobby. i should not talk about this butuse others are experts, when it started out it was a foreign lobby but it kept morphing into different forms, and the people who represent aipac did not have to register

as agents of a foreign government. the rules that are there are not enforced, and other rules make it possible for aipac to slide under the radar. sir? haifa,s born in palestine, in 1935. i became a refugee on my firbirthday. i plan to be a candidate for the u.s. senator from michigan. thank you. thank you. and allo thank alison the group that has brought this to light. it is really phenomenal now that israel is being exposed for what it really is. findleyar congressman

talk about the two-state solution, and i want to tell you, congressman, it is totally unacceptable for us. it is only 28% of the land, and we will always be refugees. i think we should open up the borders and make palestine and peopleone nation and all live there. thank you. >> i would just like to say in birk,se that besides mark bete noir is carl levin, and he has received more pro-israel pac money than any number in congress. his total is more than $3 million. >> hi. my question is regarding what you meant, what you said about

the number of pro-israeli pacs has been trekking over the years, from over 100 to now there are about 30. i was wondering if there is a trend with regard to private individuals donating, because we saw that sheldon adelson donating $10 million to mitt romney, and someone on the democratic side donating all these millions. do you have any opinion on whether the this is purposeful or whether it is just -- they just have to be seeing more private donations? >> the landscape is changing. it is making it possible for new categories of contributors to enter the arena. changed, andaw has that has enabled these other large pacs to come into

existence. i think a lot of them do not have to report their donors. the small pacs do have to report their donors. it is less visibility, less transparent than the small pacs are required to be. ok, yheaheah. >> i'm from connecticut. i used to read a report that comes from aipac. years ago i read in their that they ask each and every incoming congressman to sign a pledge of loyalty to israel. and i would like to ask paul finley if he knows about that him and i would like to ask anyone else if they can respond to that. does each and every congressman have to sign a pledge of loyalty to another country? there is no requirement, but many of them do, and those who do not are headed for trouble

because the lobby for israel support, your level of support in both houses of congress. they do not always give it. this past year, we have seen two occasions where the lobby did not prevail. one had to do with obama's desire to fire a warning shot yria, and the people back home made it plain to their representatives that they did not want that to happen and it died. there was another occasion in which israel did not get its way, and that had to do with the preliminary agreement on the go she nations with iran -- preliminary negotiations with iran.

it may be they are on the downward side. i surely hope that is true. but maybe the american people are being better informed about the othere iran and issues that come before congress. i know that a lot of members of and paidare bought for. you might as well face it. and they are not going to change. no resolutions that we have passed here will deter them. my book had two impacts, one very desirable, the other, not. one impact was to alert many people to the menace posed by the lobby to our country. signal toher was a

the new members of congress, if you do not want to have the fate that came to paul findley and others, you better go along with israel. it has been a two edged sword. i am deeply grateful for what the washington report does on awakening the american people to the facts of life. a reach a big audience, i think about 25,000 readers of the magazine, but it is only beginning, and one thing we all could do is to encourage other people to read that magazine. i have a number of friends who everyo its arrival other month, and they consider it the best in the world. thank you. >> thank you very much. here, the gentleman here in

the second row. i just would like to ask, you suggested that aid should be cut off until israel accepts peace or just peace. but in the sense of values of fairness and assist, right and that, what do you think the arab world should do in order to convince the united states that their national interest also is with the arab world? >> would you like to start that, paul? thank you for your question, ambassador. perhapsomments i made were not well understood. meritk it has unique because it appeals to the

israelis who are troubled about the future of a jewish majority state. arabemographic tide of worth rates -- birthrates in another generation is going to result in more people of arab ancestry than jewish people in the areas that israel controls. now, how are they going to do with that when the crisis comes? will they abide by what a rabbi called for in a book that he wrote some years ago -- arabs go, or they have to as their own survival say they have to drive the arabs out of the territory they are now in? that is hardly a prospect that appeals to anyone, i do not believe. and that is why i am very

pleased with the proposal that i have made, which guarantees that israel will continue to be a jewish majority state for a long proposal,use under my the entirety of palestine will be outside the perimeter of israel and not counted. in -- the arabe people in east sure some -- in east jerusalem would be outside. it will increase the lifespan in three or four interactions to a jewish majority state. but at the same time, it brings palestine,a state of and that i think is highly to

the advantage of every party in the middle east and every party worldwide. so i hope you will give serious thought the choices, because we are headed for a dismal period in the middle east the way things are going. majority occurs, there will be constant pressure to change the name of the state to the old name, palestine. that will cause a terrible backlash by the jewish people in palestine. it is far better to make a compromise that brings about an independent palestine right now and also brings about the assurance of a jewish majority israel for some time to come. thing?i add one

i would like to add one more thing to the arab laeague ambassador's question, what the arab countries should do, and they are starting to buy weapons from other nations. they are starting to look to china and other countries to buy things. they can use their economic power and they are already. i think americans, you have been friends with us for a long time, and maybe it is time for us to show tough love. i will be a little bit of a hog are and ask paul findley question. what the congress people say in the locker rooms about being cold and all the time to israel? what did they talk among themselves? >> a few of them will say, paul,

i agree with you, i admire what you're doing, but i cannot do it, you understand? their attitude. most of them are good citizens or want to be. israel asfluence of of today is so great on capitol see dangers of rviving the next election. most people in congress like to get reelected. that is number one. we can take a couple more questions. add what thed to arab american is doing here in the united states, please, can you answer me? b americanra

are doing here in the united states, but what about us here? >> you mean why do not you have pacs? >> right. >> i think arab americans are from many different countries and they are trying to make a living in a very potentially hostile environment. there's definitely a change after 9/11. i think people were very fearful so they areout, and newer to this country, they are not coalesced around a single issue, and the jewish lobby has been in development for 100 years. it is an uphill battle, but i think you have to just start participating and just keep at it and hope that as that is happening, other americans are getting more informed about what their money is doing and what the government is doing.

i do not think it is only up to arab americans, by any means at all. >> [indiscernible] >> ok, i >> next, the speakers of the second day of the concert of -- conservative. and senator rand paul kentucky will be talking. conservative political action conference is underway. we are going to show you some of the speakers from day two of the event. we begin with texas governor rick perry. this is just over 10 minutes. [applause]