your conflict, greater democracy and accountable government very at ease go hand-in-hand. --. these go hand in hand. recently beguny looking at these statistics. three principal missions. governments listen to imf. when they make the case that increasing women's access to handful participation in the economy will raise your gross the percentages are not as great year. even in the united states, what ande learning, with lean in sheryl sandberg, the way women are treated is often much more subtle, but no less damaging,

not only for the individual woman, but for the economy as a whole. i hope more and more people and institutions will help us make. [applause] from the public to the more personal, is a still a double standard in the media about how we talk about women in public life? [laughter] i had fun researching you. but your meeting with a foreign leader, your phone all night and you tied your hair back. when you came into the room he was really frightened because he heard that when your hair was back you would deliver unpleasant news. and when your hair is short, you will devalue them. [laughter] >> i had my hair longer last october for the annual meeting. they wrote a story on the front page saying that because my hair was longer, there would no longer be haircuts.

[laughter] i guess that answers the question. >> really, tom. [laughter] >> i am a human sacrifice. >> there is a double standard. we have all experienced it. we have all seen it. there is a deep sense of cultural and psychological abuse that are manifest in this double standard. i remember as a young lawyer, and this was many years ago, i read a column in the paper in arkansas. it was advice about the workplace.

one of the questions that i read one day was a man who wrote in. the writer said, i got a promotion. i'm going to have my own office. i do not know how to decorate it. do you have any advice? it was initialed. the answer was, i cannot tell if you are male or female. if you are male, i recommend that if you have a family, put the pictures in your office. everyone will know that you are responsible and reliable. if you are a female, don't have any pictures of your family. they will think that you cannot concentrate on your work. i remember reading that and it was so long ago. but some of those attitudes persist. if they persist in as open and in many ways, transformational societies as ours is, you know how deep they are.

that is why it is important that we deal with that and talk about it. we have to help men and women recognize when they are crossing over from an individual judgment, which we are all prone to making an have a right to make, into a stereotype. into applying some kind of gender-based characterization of a person. the double standard is alive and well. in many respects, the media is the principal propagator of its persistence. i think the media has to be more self-consciously aware of that. [applause] >> i want to ask you to answer the same question, but you also had a major international law

firm involved. as a european woman, is the glass ceiling different? thicker or thinner? how is it different trying to be a high near -- pioneer there? [laughter] >> the glass ceiling is different. yes. there is equally a glass ceiling there. i think it is different because i was privileged to grow up in a country, france, that has always regarded women going to work as something that was necessary -- right after the second world war, there were so many casualties that women had to participate in the work in the factories and the schools and the civil service. not to rewrite history, but

general de gaulle was convinced it was necessary to bring the woman in. they gave the french women the right to vote. he was not in power long enough to make a mark. it has always been there. there is a solid society financing institutions that help families, not just mothers, but families. it enables both men and women, fathers and mothers, to go to work. that is like germany and italy. in that way, i am privileged. but there are equal glass ceilings. when i was hired as a young associate -- or rather, i when was interviewed, they said, we will give you a job. i said, great. what can i expect?

they said, don't expect to make partner. i said, why not? they looked at me with surprise, because you are a woman. that was many years ago. i am not sure it has changed in the last 30 years. there is still that element of glass ceiling. i see myself so often in board meetings and discussions when there are many great suggestions on the table. i speak about women's issues and their share in the economy and i see a perceptible smile. .- and imperceptible smile [laughter]

then i say, i am the lunatic woman who talks about women. [laughter] [applause] >> given what you have both said, i know there are so many women here who would be interested in what is your best advice to young women who want to rise up in this world and happy to have the kind of careers that you have. there is sexism and biases. but i can ask that question quite often. it is quite telling that is on the minds of so many young women. i always say that you have to play both an outside and inside game. on the outside, you have to find ways to raise these issues that are truly rooted in sexism or old-fashioned irrelevant expectations about women not in order to change a mind stop when

-- to change a mind. when christine was talking about sitting in the room, and i have often been the only woman in a room, and i have had that experience of talking about women's issues. you see the eyes glaze over. the mind is wandering. you have to think of some way to bring it back. i know you have a daughter. you must be so proud of her. what you want her to do? you have to think of ways to keep the focus on what it is you are trying to convince the other person, predominantly a man, to believe. there's a whole outside peace of it. the inside is equally of work. when my predecessors and heroines was eleanor roosevelt. she said that if a woman wants to be involved in the public, and in her case she was talking politics and it is true in many and it is true in many arenas, skin as thickrow as thick as the hide

of a rhinoceros. too many young women are harder on themselves than circumstances warrant. they are too often selling themselves short. they take criticism personally and that it seriously. you should take criticism seriously, because you might learn something, but you cannot let it crush you. you have to be resilient enough to keep moving forward no matter what the personal setback or insults that come your way might be. that takes a sense of humor about yourself and others. believe me, this is hard-won advice that i'm putting forward. [laughter] [applause] it is not like you wake up and understand that. it is a process. you need other women. you need your friends to some -- to support you.

you need male friends as well as female ones. you need good role models. all of that is true. but at the end of the day, you have to be good. you have to be well educated, well prepared, and willing to take your chances when they come your way. you must cut yourself a little bit of slack. at this point in my life and career, i have employed somebody young people. one of the differences is that whenever i would say to a young woman that i wanted her to take on extra responsibility and move up, almost invariably they would say, do you think i can as to -- do you think i can?

do you think i am ready? i would not think you were -- i would not ask you if i did not think you were. that is often the first response from a young woman. when i asked the young man, he goes how high? how fast? when do i start? there is a hesitancy about women's work and work that we will continue to address. more young women should feel free to pursue their own ambitions and be successful. >> a quick follow-up on that. [applause] you talked about all this media attention. there is only one person in the world who gets to call you mom. what did you learn from her? >> oh my goodness. she has worked very hard and very well. i think she has taken the best from bill and me. thankfully. [laughter] she has high standards and she also is passionate about her

work. with her and her friends, when i have learned and what i have seen is how much they support each other. it was still somewhat rare when i was a young lawyer. there were not that many young women lawyers. now there is a very substantial group of young professional women that my daughter and her friends are part of. they really do have each other's backs. i think we need to see more of that and encourage more young women to support each other as i have seen with my daughter and her friends. >> i want to take on the advice question and what did you learn from your son? >> i agree 100% with what

hillary has to -- said. i would add three things. as a priority, you must get yourself the best education you can. as a young woman and throughout your life. we have to be good, but importantly, we have to be better. that is the reality of life. we have to be better. the third thing is, i honestly believe that women are better equipped than men to deal with all sorts of situations. i am not saying that they are better than men, but they are better equipped to deal with all sorts of situations. they are better able to adjust. which is a sign of intelligence. [laughter] the consequence of that we are a threat. to men. i'm serious. when we progress and affirm ourselves, we should not threaten them. they are ok. but they should not be terrified of what we can achieve.

we can achieve lots of fabulous things, more than they can. [laughter] [applause] that is something that i learned from my son. [laughter] >> i set that up. it is a perfect segue to my next issue. you have both risen to these amazing heights. madam secretary, is there any other job you would be interested in? [laughter] [applause] comptroller of the state of

illinois? you know what i mean. >> not right now. not right now. >> let me ask you in a different way. when you think about the country and american right now, and i worry about our country. you think about what we need to accomplish in the future. what are the priorities? >> that is the right way to go at it. we need that kind of discussion in our country. i went to 112 countries. i came away from that experience even more confident and positive about our model and our potential.

i was very proud to represent the united states. having said that, leadership is not a birthright. you do not inherit it and it keeps going. you have to work hard and you have to be prepared. so do nations. we have got some work ahead of us. it will require reaching something of a consensus. we have to figure out how we will make our economy parties -- produce enough jobs. they have a ladder of opportunity that they are able to start climbing. produce inclusive prosperity. i'm a product of the american middle class, i am grateful for everything that i was given as a to have arepare me

fascinating life, obviously. see othernt to children denied that opportunity. , it is aeconomic issue moral issue, it is a political issue third i want to get back to evidence-based decision-making. there's too much that has gone on -- [applause] recently that is pure ideology, pure partisanship. the disguise of commercial interest minded political facade , and the result is that we are marching backwards instead of forwards. perspective, we often reach these points in american history where we are sort of way toto decide which go, whether we consolidate or embrace the future, how we go about doing it. i think it is one of those

times. if we are going to be true to ourselves, we have an election coming up this year that we ought to be paying attention to, because that will set the parameters for a lot of what can or should be done. as christine was saying, the administration certainly supported imf reforms. we think they are in our interest and the world's interest or the congress got all wrapped up around misconceptions, frankly, and political infighting, mostly against the white house. a veryink that we need open, evidence-based, mature conversation. it may lead to places i'm not enthusiastic about, but compromise is an essential part of running a great democracy. we cannot afford to have people -- [applause] the need and write for

compromise. really, the points that i think are important, but we need it in people's kitchens and offices and on the field watching your kids play soccer. we need people to start talking and not be afraid to talk to somebody who disagrees with you. us is one of my biggest problems that i see, because if we don't begin to talk across all the lines that divide us, we will get further and further separate . we can't afford to do that. [applause] >> i want to conclude with .adame lagardere have -- you have those unfinished?

[laughter] that is why you win prizes. ande my role as secretary leadership in general in a as a race.really, you run the best raise you can run. you hand out the baton. some of what has not been finished may go on to be finished. when president obama asked me to be secretary of state, when i agreed, we had the worst economic crisis since the great depression am a we had two wars, we had continuing threats from all kinds of corners around the world that we had to deal with. time, frankly.us what he said to me was, look, i have to be dealing with the economic crisis. i want you to go out and represent us around the world. it was a good division of labor, because we needed to make clear to the rest of the world that we

were going to get our house in order and stimulate and grow and andact to positive growth, work with our friends and partners. i think we did that. i am very proud of the stabilization and the solid leadership that the that itration provided think now leads us to be able to deal with problems like the ukraine. we are not so worried about a massive collapse in europe and china, tried to figure out what to do with their bond holdings in all the problems we were obsessed with. i think we restored american leadership in the best sense. once again, people began to rely on us and look at us as setting the values, setting the standards. i don't want to lose that, because we have a dysfunctional political situation in washington. of course, a lot of particulars. i am finishing my book, so you will be able to read all of it. think you also laid the predicate for the iran

negotiations. it is something people don't chapteri write all about this, because this is the boring of hard boards. , microscopicking advantages. putting together an international coalition to put sanctions on iran changed the calculus inside the government and brought them to the negotiating table. where it goes from here we have to wait and see. it took an enormous amount of effort on the part of a lot of us to put that into motion. so yes, it is part of the work that we did. [applause] thank you. toame lagardere, i want speak with you. company, itsere a board would have been sacked. if it were a football team, it would have been relegated to the

second tier. it needs new leadership. christine lagarde can be the .hange [laughter] president of the european commission, which would be very interesting if you are the president of europe and you were -- you know -- [laughter] [applause] [laughter] [applause] >> oh, goodness. >> but seriously -- [laughter] at least when you leave your post empty at the imf, what is it you hope you will have and left behind? you have served this job at a critical time in the global

economy. >> i hope i can leave behind an institution that is confident, proud of the work that it is doing around the world, which has the support of its memberships, where women have a voice, not only around the board table, which at the moment has 24 men and no women except me, but also throughout the entire organization. >> i know how you feel today. [laughter] >> but we are not threatening you. [laughter] and where we will have provided real, down-to-earth, practical value. its days haveat stuck in my mind.

to me, shei said appreciated what i have done for -- i cried. we can do many of those things around the world. i will have done something good. [applause] >> well, >> i had a chance to get to know you both. you're both decent human beings. it has been a real honor and privilege to be here. thank you for the opportunity. [applause]

>> thank you. the world may be flat, but he is not. [laughter] >> and to all the women in the to ask theu want definition of a cool woman, left and right. it is unbelievable. the two coolest women in the world. absolutely. [applause] lagarsecretary and madam de, you have literally banished the term ladies in waiting. thank you. we'd love having you with us tonight. to everyone, good night and see you tomorrow morning bright and early.

, go to the promenade for dinner. thank you so much. [applause] ♪ [captions copyright national >> next, live, your calls and comments on "washington journal." been newsmakers with temple nt. tim pawlenty. -- [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] >> i am loyal to duke and i didn't do this to hurt duke. tremendous amount of passion about this

already. on amazon, i have 25 1-star reviews, even though the book has not been out a week and this is only a 600 page book. these oneink any of star review writers have read this book. the last one was about goldman sachs and people have a lot of passion about this, but this is another realm altogether. >> in "the price of silence," cohan looks at the duke lacrosse scandal of 2006 tonight on "q & a." >> this morning on "washington j ournal," a conversation about private sector jobs with ros s eisenbrey and daniel mitchel, kurtzleben talks with the federal reserve and state the economy. ojanskyn matthew r

talks about vladimir putin and the unrest in the ukraine. "washington calls, journal" is next. ♪ ♪ host: good morning on this easter sunday, april 20, 2014. we are bringing you a three-hour washington journal this morning where we focus on the nation's employment picture and u.s. banking and the continuing crisis in the ukraine. but first we will talk about electronic cigarettes. this week and the city of los angeles instituted new e-cigarettes,ne and federal lawmakers called on the fda to restrict the sale and content of electronic cigarettes. we are