i'm mike boots the acting chair on environmental quality and i'm glad you had some time with this into some ofdig the findings from this report, because as you heard there is a lot of valuable information in there. it's the most comprehensive report on u.s. climate change date. been generated to it's a very hands-onset of knowledge. across decision makers this country have been telling us for quite some time, that hungry for.y as they prepare for a future of more frequent and more severe extreme weather and extreme temperatures and other impacts. so i'm happy that with this next will be coming up shortly you'll get the chance to expectre about how we some of that cloiment information to be used.

and across the administration we have been working very, very hard to get as much scientific we can publicly usablele and into a format for folks who need that. the national climate assessment is a great example of that kind tool. it's also a great example of the actionable climate science that president obama talked about climatelaunched the action plan last summer. since the president announced greatan we have made progress on a variety of fronts and i'm really happy today to pleasure of introducing somebody who has really been driving so much of that that'ss, and dr. sullivan, the undersecretary of commerce for ocean and aminutere and thed straighter of noaa. dr. sullivan is responsible for toding our nation's efforts conserve and manage coastal and marine resources, supporting wise management of natural resources, and helping us understand and predict and prepare our communities for

changes in our climate, our and our our oceans coasts. dr. sullivan has a track record a fearless leadership on variety of fronts, but she made was selected as one of the first six women to be astronaut core, and as many of you know during her 15 years at nasa kathy not first american woman to walk in space, but was also part of the space shuttle in 1990 thatsion deployed the hubble space started a whole new era of space exploration, so have herlly lucky to leading noaa at this time and we're lucky to have her here to talk more about the national climate assessment and why it's such a critical larger work the we're doing to tackle this challenge. so with that, kathy sullivan. [applause]

>> thank you, mike, i'm you todayto be with and to talk about these and, with these have. we so i want to paint a back drop into what lies ahead. the second national climate assessment was released in 2000, were.about where we the country was still recovering from the worst economic cries of great recession. horizon platform had just exploded in the gulf of mexico unleashing a train of rockedences that really havoc on the economy and the environment in the gulf of mexico. on the other side of the world people were taking to the egypt and tunisia, libya as part of the arab spring movement. climate change, if people believed it was happening at all, was viewed as a lrm

something that would affect us, not something that would maybe affect the next generation. there somewhere near the end of the century, something about.e need to worry needless to say, a lot has changed over the intervening years. the u.s., our economy and our rebounding,are country as cross the middle east continue to strive to move andrds greater freedom democracy for their citizens, and viewpoints about climate are indeed changing. been said, perhaps in response to the increasing toquency and attention paid the significant events of the last few years. but according to a recent gallup poll, more americans believe that increases in the erlt's temperature over the last due to pollution from human activities, that's a rate, than to naturally occurring changes in the environment. this40% have that view at point. further, three out of five that global0%, say

warming is a serious problem. and 71% now say in recent polls that they see the effect of global warming somewhere in their world, in their life, in business, in their community. evenw with the updated and more detailed focused assessment that we have in hand, this is the time to capitalize on that growing shift in thinking. data as you have heard tell us that this dynamic planet we indeed changing. the path is no longer prologue and our livelihoods and communities. so the question before us now we what can we each much us in this room, how do we new information leads to more informed and more dramatic action? i see the assessment that we're talking about today whether you as the in your hand summary or the overview, whether computer,ur desk top

i think of it as precious cargo that's may it as far as the dock.g but happy yet really been picked up and taken onto its destination. the challenge before us certainly us as a federal ofily, but all of us, all you with us in this room, the challenge before us now is to information off the pages and actually deliver it, actually bring it, actually it, actually connect it to communities, to businesses, to state and local governments. and to do what we can as advisors, as experts, as getsens to make sure it put into action. that's where i think each and every one of us in this room comes into play. all of us who serve in the federal government right now are very, very lucky to have so many members of press from across the today toith us here mark the release of this report. to help begin to carry its findings, its import, implicationings out to our citizens. and all of you can be on the

line of offense in taking these results out of the room, starting the and conversations within your communities, within your begin tos that will develop the new thinking, the new planning, the new look to aboutture that will bring the changes that we've talked about needing to have. those of you who are partners academic institutionings and scientific societies, you too have access to untold of people who can take action. natural aggregations, audiences, member segments. from under grads to post docs, you can help our budding scientists better understand the policy implicationings and you can help our budding policy makers better grasp the science that underpins our knowledge of climate change, and our actionsnding of what are available to us to better protect our communities, our economy, ourur society, our health, from the changes that are definitely afoot. your research into the workings of this planet and the way those

impact our societies will also become the foundation for action in communities across the country. the environmental and climate ngo thaps are repped in the room today, tie have powerful means to wire science into our thisnities to connect information and its import for citizens across this land directly to them. i hope you will find also that this new report is an added valuable tool in your tool box as you help our betters across the land understand what these changes are, how they're going to affect them in their region and what it to them in their community. all of you here from the business community including the members who served on the -- a lot from you as well as i hope you taking some good notes from this report. tackling climate change and protecting in the environment over the last several years have prominenth more factors both in evaluating return on economic investment driving pack fors in many

corporate responsibility programs. that's another change that bodes well for the few. so what's next? have to come together and turn these words into actions. noaa's side we see a growing thirst, from communities, from business leaders, from civic leaders, from decision makers, a growing thirst for the kind of information we've been talking here. what kind of foresight can you give me, what kind of changesnding about the afoot and foresight about what conditions will be in five or 20 years, as i make the infrastructure investment decisions that's before me right now. that has -- ore to be made one way another. people facing decisions where attempting not to decide is a with a traintself, of consequences. they are increasingly hungry for understanding about what's happening in the world and foresight about the changes way.are coming their

they realize that this is a factor today, that they need to to take better account of in their decision making. while attribution for specific events to climate change may remain difficult, these people know from their very own experience that the phenomena around them are changing, as we've her. are becoming stronger and more intense. rainfall patterns are shifting theirramatic effect on community infrastructure, the agricultural sector him seas are are flooding,s have to payowers attention to the chemistry of the sea water. noaa is of our work at to deliver environmental intelligence. this kind of action oriented information that people need to prepare, plan for and respond to changes.d of we strive every single day to make sound translations and put that kind of actionable information into the hands of these decision makers, the need it.o really

with regard to this national cloiment assessment for us that findingsnslating these too into actionable information that we build into tools like coast, our forecast for el known why, all of our suite of environmental intelligence products. from the national weather arvice, helping to shape weather ready nation, providing coastal intelligence tools like surge, sea level rise tools, tide and current information to navigators. work every day to take science off the pains of our thisals, off the pains of assessment and connect it directly to people's lives mosering, as susie saiders the foresight they so urge ebbly seek him let me come question that closed the last panel. and i too will say that what the pathhope about forward is two things. it's the caliber of the

comprehensiveness, the transparency, the thoroughness of this assessment. its success in bridging language and understanding off the scientific vocabulary list and into real world materials, that's number one. and number two, as many of our panel said, the people in this room, the attention and the that of the conversation has started here this morning with the release of this exprort feeding into this emerging shift and how the population look at the trends around them. that gives me hope, but that's a contingent hope. it's contingent on our seizing it, on our taking hold of this a new tool and working together to take it off the page. workingieve that together we can, as we must, bring this assessment to life, sure it gets off the page, out of the ether, and into plans and thethe practices that are adopted across our nation. won't be easy, but i

think the time is ripe and we have a very valuable new to rest on.tone so i want to thank all of those of theved on the staff national climate assessment, my and piers who worked noaa andcadac, and elsewhere that put their nose to grind tone for a very long deliver atime to product of this quality, a report of this meaning, with of clarity and timing. this is a really vital moment and a really valuable moment in the history of this dialogue in our country. it is our job, as federal protect the people of this country, their lives and their livelihoods. working with us to help make sure that this national climate assessment valuable step forward in that regard in protecting our people for the longer time frame that we're here.g about so thank you very much again, and with that i will give the to dr. holdren to

introduce our next panel. [applause] >> thank you very much, kathy. we sometimes talk about the need fearless leadership in our environmental agencies. i have to say as a scientist who to be strapped on top of 5 million pounds of high explosives, which were then to rocket her and her colleagues into space and did that multiple times, you are well suited to provide fearless leadership at noaa and we are grateful. i'm grateful as i said before, for your partnership, noaa, for thisat very important effort. now i'd like to invite to the second panel. while the first one focused on information put forth in the national cloiment one is going to focus on the path forward, how to use that information and that it's beneficial to

decision makers and citizens on the ground. we are joined by t.c. richmond, she is one of the vice chairs of the national climate assessment and she committee, practices environmental law at feldman, so it's all yours. >> thank you. like the last panel, we'll be sprucing ourselves. from one of those small coastal communities north of seattle, washington, so from the other coast. of van with the law firm ness feldman, have had the privilege of being the cochair the national climate assessment, and i advise state and local leaders, decision makers and primarily the public how to address land use and environmental natural

issues. the nationalet of climate assessment drafting process, the outline progress says, we always intended it to a document that could be used for decision makers. and that's been sort of our guide post. it to be useful information for people to make forsionings, whether it be themselves or for a larger organization or in the public sector. so we know that the best and most current information is crucial for all of those decisions, all those choices we make. six panelists will each explain how the national climate assessment information will be in their arenas, in their parts of america. off.a will start us >> thank you very much. i'm rosina bierbaum from the memberity of michigan, a of the nacadac, also convening adaptation chapter

and a member of the president's andcil on science technology. so we just her about the array of impacts that climate change and thaty causing there are more in store. really there's no more business wateral, or as the managers cry, stationaryity is past is no longer prologue, as kathy said. coping, oron, preparedness as the president reallys it, is necessary. fortunately it is permeating the andciousness of the public private sectors, but we are at least a decade behind in aboutng in detail adaptation, compared to mitigation. we know there are well identified cost effective well analyzed actions that we can and mitigate climate change, and things such as increasing efficiency and will have that benefits in health and air

quality. so we have to reduce emissions, as much as we can and very quickly. equally important we have to machine for and manage the changes that are already under as those that are yet in store. so there's some good news. the president has convened a state, local and tribal leaders tack force on climate resilience. and every federal agency has prepared an adaptation plan, 15 anotherave them and dozen are thinking about it. industry is analyzing how to protect their supply chains. water rely ability and feed citiesare key. and where i think the rubber really hits the road, of the cities 60% ofnalyzed, about already in the process of doing planning.ation as you've heard, many cities are already confronting flooding, air wave, storm surges and condition demand increasing, so they're planning for how to cope

changes and more that under store. so i guess i could say the glass on adaptation. but most of these efforts are be fullyyet to implemented, and certainly not yet evaluated to see if they are successful. so going forward, cities, wills, businesses, all need localized regularized climate is about how changing delivered to them at regular intervals. and as we've heard the federal stepping up to assist in this process. we're also going to need a come pen day up of best practices or from theearned experiments under way, to fails, whathat succeeds and why. we also need to understand how choices mayon affect our adaptation choices. if you think about the competing demand for land, water and energy, mitigation and adaptation are essential to both

of those. to continue to protect people and infrastructure and eco changing climate requires us to think very differently about food, fiber shelter. adaptation requires developing infrastructure that can with new 100 year flood. different ways of planning for and managing our natural resources, new seed varieties that can function and perform droughts and floods and heat waves. we're going to need to have improved emergency response plans and early warning systems. the shared best practices that i mentioned, improved weather and climate monitoring, and continued assessments. assessments done with the stake holders at the center. adaptation is nacent, or as we've said, there's more than before but less than is needed. it's i task that is your jebt all sectorsy need of society to participate in finding effective and feasible

options to cope with our changing climate. and there's really not a moment to lose. thank you. >> good afternoon, everyone. it is a thrill to be in this room and discussing these issues. i am a county commissioner from broward county, florida, and i am just blessed to be a member of the president's task force on andate preparedness resiliency. and bringing the municipal or perspective tot the deliberations of that task force and to the issue at hand climate change in general, in southeast florida we have a very model and that is four county, miami dade, broward monroe palm beach and county representing a population of about 35.5 million people -- 5.5 million people. came together about six years ago and signed the historic compact agreeing to work together, agreeing to share our staff resources, our financial figurees and to try to

out how we could speak with one voice to the federal government ourur state about what needs were. because climate change is something that we don't just some future thing. as has been said here today, in our every day lives. the very systems that were water out forain storm events has actually become conduit to bring water in. we have fire hydrants rusting away in monroe county. we have warranties for police are no longer being honored because of the salt carriage damage. have beautiful sunny days every time there's a full moon waterople who have salt overtopping their canals into their swimming pools. what'sulation knows happening and they want answers. the four counties by working leverage our resources and really make head way. so we are fortunate across the four counties after a lot of

work that began with competition one other county might take our dollars to evolve to a place where the city of going after as grant and so was my county, broward county, and so was miami and as to was the city of ft. lauderdale. we had a are staff, conversation and understood that the city of miami beach was probably best positioned to go grant. so rather than each much our counties moving forward with our hand and signll sit back letters to support the city of miami beach as they went after the grant. get the grant. it's important that we understand that working together this machineove forward. we have adopted 110 specific recommendations for climate change across the four counties and we're no longer planning, we implementation phase. we have adopted unified sea rises acrossion all four counties which has assessments.ur

we have adopted changes in our building koa, complete streets models and any number of things that i don't have time to tell you about today, but we're excited about what we're doing and know that as many phd's as we may have on our staff, we couldn't get to where we are today if we didn't have the partnerships the federal agencies. it's the national climate assessment tool that gives that gift of technology, of science based resources to those ours as wellnd to that may not have as many personnel opportunities that we do. so we're really excited to have bes report come out and updated and to be part of moving forward and showing how you can do it and do it well. thank you. >> good afternoon and thank you. timothy bull bennett. i'm a coauthor on the tribal

of the and also a member advisory committee. this is a rare privilege in that first time that the aassessment has actually brought forward a chapter specifically dedicated to climate impacts as it affects indian country. has been a rare privilege and an honor. this is the most important time in our life. not just for us, but for your and for seven generations to come. to make the them best decisions with the best information available, the most available.formation this report contributes to the very bed rock for informed making. not just for today, but for come.generations to across thiseople island are facing real issues, it's magnified by the

impacts of a changing climate, so eloquently discussed in the first panel. yet there are life lessons that founded within the very .abric of our diverse cultures intimate knowledge of place that to hundreds of generations that date back thousands of years. shoulders of our ancestors, bearing with us their their dreams for our future. elders, passing of our so passes the torch to us. act now, now and into the future, with the lessons shared with us. lessons that taught us resiliency and responsible persistence. and thethe knowledge opportunity for greatness, right now.not tomorrow, right

we have the opportunity to technology with ancient understanding of place, walk inrn how to balance with the world around view all things that share our world as relative and resources. that opportunity is now. do?hat will we this blue-green canoe that we homee in, this is the only we have. and we're all in this together. today indian country mourns the loss of one of our great of our greate jr.ers, billy frank a dear friend of mine and a mentor to many. passed yesterday, and if billy were here, chances are billy is, but if he were speaking to you instead of me, he would tell you this. volunteers,ng for

not just for today, but lifetime volunteers. so who among us is going to step forward and embrace these opportunities? there lies the question. so i will conclude my comments this. in the words of the tonka, also sitting bull, a venerated elder, spiritual lakota that lived over a ken try ago and he put all of us.nge for to let us put our minds together to can build for our children. our time is now. >> thank you, bull. >> and thank you for allowing me to come and speak with you today this important document and resource, the national climate assessment. name is l. patton, i will

share my perspective based on my in engineering, risk management and insurance, and serving communities in which operate. when vulnerabilities become disrupt normalan economic and social function. depending on the severity of the businesses, their supply chains, their employees and communities can be merely such asienced, experienced with recent heavy rainfalls in the washington d.c. severely disrupted or even destroyed, such as experienced by recent droughts wildfires in the western u.s. which caused destruction of crop, businesses and losses. the. in c.a. provides information changelimate vulnerabilities and impact to water, energy, transportation agriculture sectors, just to name a few. andling the private sector specific regions to develop cost effective options for coping

climate change today. and in the future. the extremes are often the focus of private sector, because it is tend extreme events that to swamp existing risk management systems, turning mere theoretical vulnerabilities into immediate painful realities. highly in a interconnected world because the our consumer of products and good pass through our ports. impacts ranging from sea level more severe rainfall and floods, to drought and heat in supply chain disruptions. like local extreme weather events, distant ones can also disrupt our supply chains. c.a. provides information which can illuminate those so that riskes management options can be explored and actions taken. solutions like insurance can compensate for some business interruption 'asset damage, they

not guarantee that your customers or employees will be disruption is over. only rick management action toponse toif the impacts reduce and manage risks can reduce actual vulnerability to change. climate change is here. the climate has shifted and with it the range of extreme are weather event has ex-padded. c.a. provides information that can turn climate change risk into an opportunity, assuring economic and social stability in the face of climate change. n. c.a. information analysis can pathways to gain competitive advantage. for those who use its riskmation to develop management, strategies and solutions. belated actions will not sufficient to address the challenge, but the n. c.a. helps there too, providing information ofut the interconnectness vulnerabilities and impacts, like the association between energy and water.

to allow development and implementation of public and private solutionings, but now is wouldme to act and i encourage everyone to look at this document, review it, read it, and apply it to manage risks for us and for our children. thank you. >> good afternoon, i'm a professor at george mason university and a member of the federal advisory committee that authored the assessment. healthibuted to the chapter as well. so you her from a number of my colleagues earlier today several that two of the most important findings of the assessment is that climate change is happening here now in every region of the country, and that it's affecting many, many ways.ans in important challengetor sullivan us to think creatively about how we're requesting to get this oformation into the hands people who need it, in order to make better decisionings about how to run their lives, how to

communities, their businesses. and what gives me hope is that i actually feel like i've had the privilege over the past four years to meet a really special who arey of americans going to play an important role in getting this information off into theng dock and lives of americans across the nation. nation's tv our weathercasters, about 1300 men and women who are uniquely well positioned to take this information in the third life,ment and bring it to show americans how climate change is affecting their lives now. tv weathercasters, for a constellation of reasons much are highlyis they trusted, our surveys show this. asy are almost as trusted climate scientists who are the most trusted. scientists,limate tv weathercasters have access to americans.t so it's kind of quaint, but even null onear 2014 the

source of weather information in america is local television. highly trusted, they've got access, they are remarkable communicators. job or their night job, depending on which shift they work, is to take informationweather and make it simple, make it digestible, and frankly make it to turn onou want the weather tonight to learn about it. exquisitelyple are good communicators. and finally they talk to us about the things we most care to us abouttalk what's happening in our community, or in our back yard. is, after all, what really we want to hear about more than anything. in 2009 with funning from the national science foundation, my george mason university and my colleagues at climate central, which is a organization based in princeton, we had this opportunity to team up with the cbs affiliate in columbia, south carolina, that's wltx.

gandy is their senior meteorologist. and they worked with us over the course of several months in developing information that and the weather team bring the impact of climate viewerso life for their in columbia, south carolina. george mason was to evaluate whether or not it made a difference. we surveyed local tv viewers beforehand, we surveyed local tv viewers a year later. from that ised that jim gan's viewers learned about climate change in the course of one year than did viewers of any of the competing stations. that's pretty big business, pretty big news in my business. currently teaming now noaa and nasa and the american meteor lodgic society to yale university to try test this on a larger scale. we're testing it statewide in virginia currently.

we are also trying to scale this up. the materials, the educational developed,hat we've which we call climate matters, we're trying to make them to weathercasters in every community in america, so should they wish to embrace a role of climate educators, they've got the materials they need to do so and where the third national climate assessment comes in. the information in the thessment provides foundation for us to develop broadcast quality materials for across theasters country. whilel close by saying we've been in here today, as tom carl alluded to, the president been conducting interviews with tv weathercasters somewhere here in the white house, i don't know where. i think he chose to use his time well, because he is now, interviews, he's talking about the resultings of the assessment to the very to help usare going get this information off the loading dock and into the lives of every american.

thank you. >> thank you. shall is a momentous moment. i'm with theffrey national center for science and education and apab i'm the only is aus person here who little nervous about speaking at the white house. that'm here to tell you for climate education, n. c.a. is a potential game changer it will help us respond to the president's call for us to educate your classmates, your parents,s, your friends, tell them what's at stake, broad ten circle. you mentioned that a year ago at speech at georgetown. and we are excited to than this --t of part of this process. the national center for science n. c.a. netined the which is a public-private partnership of over 100 organizations a year ago to try to maximize the education n. c.a. and we started this education affiliate group which has been plotting

over the past several months on how once the report is out we'll take full advantage of this incredible resource. c.a. a potential game changer? two words. learning. this is potentially really revolutionary and because mobile learning, as a is transforming how people learn, where they learn, what they learn. are very excited about that, because the site was learning inh mobile mind. n. c.a. is a treasure trove of not only content but context, and it will help us build understanding of what's happening, how scientists know can beey know and what done. there are thousands of actions embedded in n. c.a. and potentially many thousands of paths that can be teased out as students and

with their teamers and others, dig into the meat of the report. there are 76 million students in fourcountry, that's one in people is a student. and of course there's millions parents and grandparents and employers or one inemployers of those four people. by and large they have not been change. about climate climate change has not been a priority, it's been skimmed been sometimes taught as controversy, and we immediate to change that. n. c.a. can help us with that. and adults fail basic quizes about climate and energy, we have a wonder climate of confusion in this country about the topic. even if people generally agree it's an issue, they don't really know at any kind of level causes andout the effects, let alone the responses of climate change. higher literacy, research shows,

ultimately means that people are more concerned about climate change and what can be done about it. meanse higher literacy better informed decision making, understanding the causes and effects, having that knowledge, but also having the know-how to risks and address minimize, and maximize responses. well, our education affiliate fledgling public-pretty partnership, is lacking in funding at this point, we are definitely not lacking in talent. climate education, the president's climate commitment, noaa climate stew wards, the green schools alliance, those are just few of have alreadythat established foundations, and the affiliate group can serve as the supporting back bone for that. so we are poised for a new learning.evolution in

transforming schools into living laboratories that are climate smart, climate safe, energy wise, energy efficient, incubators r and d much we can why climate and energy as engaging entireties themesy and integrating for education. so join us and let's make it happen. >> thank you. it's funny that i was talking before we got up here nervousness can sometimes be sets aside when you really think that something is is, and you as this surely did that. you set aaside your nerves. i want to thank you all, for the comments to get us started. the question i have, as you have we've talked about image, the loading dock and that's the loading dock that's coming from the federal

with nationalded climate assessment. loading dock, sort of in the ether net through the website of the national climate saysment. the most inspiring things to me, had i been on the first panel, boy have answered what gives mef most hope is the astonishing connections that are already established across the u.s. in of like kind working together that i just had no way of knowing about that in the waterworld that i work in. and to turn that to a question, i'd like, i'm thinking of the as you to yourre fellow organizations and perhaps organizations or you back to the federal government. because i think that we all have a lot to offer the federal government in terms of information. you think about what, within this sphere of your

what works what are the challenges with sharing worksation, and what within the local governments, and what the federal government do to help you do better in interconnections. rosina? >> well, i work for the federal government for a long time as you know. really an there's interesting sort of need to work from the top down and from the bottom up. think that's one of the most wonderful things about this assessment is that we put the stake holders right at the center, so that the information we are giving back to them is we think is usable information, but is actually information they've asked for. worked on the previous assessments will rep when we gave in the first assessment the summer average season trur to the farmers they looked at with us crossed eyes and said no, we wanted to know the temperature at the first frost and the last

frost. there's a need to know what information is needed at the bottom and to make sure that by thebeing collected fed at the top can be translated into that. i think the very exciting heard about,hat we how all of the agencies have whether entities, you're talking about noaa or interior or agriculture, that kind of middleis level between the federal data be the user needs that can brought to bear so that we can andincreased sectoral spatial coverage of usable data for people at the bottom and information back to those at the top. >> thank you. >> well, as the only elected panel today, the thing that i find super exciting happening in south florida and with a we need more of in this countries a nonpartisan conversation. issues that are facing us are not about party. they are about the quality of life, they're about our children, and it's about what we

want our kidst we to have and our grand kid to have in the future. the impacts that we're all the conversations that are taking place while perhaps in the beginning there little cross eyed looking at each other that might have come from a different party, wrestled withwe all of the solutions and we have found many, we understood that that we have more in exphon if we just focus on that that and set the other aside we can continue to move forward. and through that moving forward, step by step now, asost six years four counties represented just threeast year by republican mayors and one democratic mayor, to understand that the challenges facing us are not about party. it was asked earlier what keeps at night. and what keeps me up is the partisan conversation that takes place here in washington. and is actually still taking place in our state. there are lotst of communities just like us that andwaking up every day

anding -- solving problems. and what not theu're in is question they ask when they call city hall for help. they want to you fix the problem. and i'm internetsly hopeful that the more that we can demonstrate are importantes community solutions, that the that those lessons will hopefully give other policy stand upe spine to against what some want them to say and actually begin to face thateal with the problems are before us. >> thank you. >> there's one word that comes itmind, and i think encapsulates all the points that ascolleagues have discussed well as many of my own. commitment. when i think with commitment, i own. of all think about my how am i committed to this process, how do i lead by

that's wherefor me the paradigm begins to change. that's my primary challenge. understanding that the story, this isn't the end of the story, rather the beginning. keep coming back to opportunities. i have a colleague of mine that helped me understand that it's not the challenges that we must face, but it's the opportunities to do great things. myself inhallenge that regard. two-ways not just a flow of information. rather it's a multidirectional flow of information. it is, it's not a science knowledge versus indigenous knowledge versus another knowledge. gathering of all knowledge in ways that are most appropriate. and lastly i would points directly back to the commitment, it's a willingness to roll up are sleeves and get to work. i know that nasa blue marble

is so famous was up behind me, and i think about the words my brother would say, that we under this canoe together, shoulder to shoulder facing the same direction, and it takes commitment from everybody. so that's why i put that challenge out. not just for all of you, but myself, is how i met the commitments that i made to my children, the commitments made to my wife, and the commitments i made to my mother before she passed. fulfilled those commitments? those are the things that keep me awake at night and those are the things that inspire me to work in the morning. terms of some of the uses that i've seen of this kind of data that has impressed me, i'll high light a few. i think they highlight both the good outcomes but also the face people who are trying to apply this kind of data. aftermath of extreme

events and disasters, often we for reconstruction. and we have very many lovely and customers and clients who work on these issues to try to rebuild their a very fast way. but they also try to learn from the experience. data like this available to them when they make to rebuild has been tremendously important. this context when certain areas impacted by sandy recently been looking to try to rebuild and make themselves more data became available about expected impacts, like floods and relating from from over washor or whatever you'd like to call it. in particular will are many terms, but water gets in basements. under those circumstances what you find is that there's lots of

building code that were developed when that concept was not contemplated. consequence, they ordered the placement of critical infrastructure in basements. additionald to some disruption that perhaps was neither desired nor expected. but to change that in the rebuilding required clap ration, and an -- collaboration, and an acknowledgement on the part of individual companies, but also governments, regulators with authority. and by being able to point to a verified piece of information and a verified set of science, withwere able to come up solution thanks allowed them to ajust those regulations and move that resulteday in more resilience. make a brief comment about the community. i mentioned previously that weathercasters in 2009 when i started working with them, i'm not sure as a

were ready to move forward embracing the kind point, thethat second national climate saysment, there was a certain tension in the community. but one way in which they have moved, they have evolved as a areunity and now they absolutely ready to consider to embrace the kind of information climatehird national assessment through dialogue, is through assuming good intentions other, is through a respectful interactionings with one another. some of that was pretty carefully orchestrated in through our interactions with the american meteorlogic society. but it's been really remarkable me to see this community of professionals, 1300 people, not enoughwhom i know, but now that i have a good sense of them, see them rapidly evolving professional stance on the issue of climate change, and howt to ask the questions can we now change what we do as know.lt of what we now

>> i think what keeps me up at night is the feeling that we're not doing nearly enough to prepare this generation and generations to have the knowledge and know-how to deal with climate change, and what me tremendous hope and that when is the fact i look at what's happening in science centers around the country, like i say, there's kind a revolution going on. ad people are largely on aned very clever being in terms of how they bring data situationings. but if we were more scientific about this, we could in order transform the country in terms of our ability to address climate change. is theme, education

focal point, particularly formal informal as well. >> thank you. our panel is out of time. that would close by saying we all belong to communities across the u.s., whether it's or church or local, and i think that it's this allate assessment that we will take out with us and spread out to our individual thatnities and share information, and share governments.ack to it's a flow of information both that the we're hoping national climate assessment will get you started in those conversations. you.ank [applause] >> thank you very much, t.c. and thanks to your panel. were really very helpful insights about how to move the information provided in the national climate assessment into action.

pleasure to introduce to close this event closer,ident's counselor to the president, john podesta, playing a key role in house, making sure that all of us in the white house and across the administration are doing can to advance the president's priorities. john has an amazing history, but won't take his time by reciting it for you. delighted thatm john is in the white house, he brings deep knowledge of the climate issue, passion about its solutions, and extraordinary to get the job done. so john, the floor is yours. >> well, thank you, everybody, for joining us here today. i came over to thank the outstanding panelists and the have taken part in today's program. and everyone in the room today. especially thank the

team, dr. holdren, dr. sullivan, dr. tom carl and of their teams, this is an outstanding report and i really the to say how much president appreciated it, along with the work of the many contributed to the national, third national climate assessment and made it a reality. want to thank the web development team for the website that goes along with this report. who says we can't build a great house. in the white [applause] a so let's give them all great hand. this is, as i noted, this is a tremendous contribution to our knowledge about climate change, with hundreds of pages of analysis.cientific it underscores something that many of us in the administration and in this room have been saying for some time now, that climate change is no longer a

distab threat. i don't doubt there will be some media reports that try to place national climate assessment within an ongoing, quote unquote, climate change in washington. but what this report actually tells us is that there is no debate. the reports of the intergovernmental panel on came outhange that earlier this year told us there is no debate. majority ofhelming scientists tell us, frankly, there is no debate. it'ste change is real, being driven by human activity, and it's happening right now. despitee the facts, what those who deny the facts to mislead the public have to say. and they and some of their allies have been working themselves into a froth today reacting to this report, wish them well. this report, the third national climate assessment, shows impactns are feeling the of climate change today. from coast to coast, from florida to alaska.

spring is comingerrier on average, the sea is rising at a and is already beginning to infiltrate fresh water supplies in some coastal areas. we're learning more about how climate change will fuel extreme weather events. l thingsrn trouble about what climate change will mean or our oceans and forests. actionable science and it to use. the president believes we have a toant on --ive to act on climate change. children and brbd children deserve ber from all of us. last june the president released his plan, which you all know, which ames to mitigate climate impacts, to build resilience in to then communities impacts we know are coming, and to lead on the international to find global solutionings to what is truly a global challenge.

i think we're firing on all toinders to make progress provide the tools and assistance for state and local leaders who are trying to reduce emissionings and build resilience. renewable energy we produced 10 times more energy from solar 'three times more from wind power than when president obama took office. one years ago there wasn't renew an energy project on the millions of abeers of public the united states. today the department of interior to permit are you energy. the fuel economy standards for passenger vehicles as well as standards for heavy duty trucks, these standards will cut pollution,ons of co2 reduce oil consumption, and save

over the $1.7 trillion lifetime of those programs. i'd like to point out that there theseany skeptics of asked, oarks -- these standards. i don't know why they thought it was a good idea to bet against ingenuity. because a recent report says that u.s. auto makers have not surpassed their fuel economy targets so far for passenger vehicles. is innovatingtry faster than we could have anticipated and consumer demand them. there supporting we're going to hear similar arguments in the weeks ahead as e.p.a. works to finalize a proposed rule limiting carbon dioxide pollution from existing power plants. largestgy sector is the single source of co2 pollution in the united states. the electricity production sector, excuse me. accounting for a third of emissionings. we urgently need to bring those avert down if we want to

the worst effects of climate change and achieve the president's goal of bringing gas emissions in the range of 17% below 2005 by 2020. if the experience of the fuel economy rules is any guide or past e.p.a. rules is any guide united states is more than equal to that task. we're also working hard to help american communities build more resilient infrastructure, plan for future climate impacts and we're getting the private and philanthropic centers to join us. recently we've built on the long history of projects and launched the data initiative by releasing more than 100 resources on sea level rise and coastal flooding. not only can innovators and entrepreneurs access that information and build new tools for the public, but we partnered with a host of companies and organizations

from google to microsoft to the world bank to the rock if he willer foundation who all made serious commitments to make resources and platforms available for this critical work. what i call map and aps. the last panel mention it had fact that we could get this data down to specific uses for people so they understand what we intend to do. on the international state the u.s. is leading the charge to nd public financing for coal except in the needing countries. recognizing that climate change is a security challenge as well as an environmental and economic challenge. hagel secretary chuck

just prominently included discussions of climate change and natural disaster response in the first ever meeting. later this week, we're looking forward to the better building summit hagel just prominently included and e announcements on solar and initiatives during the president's trip to california at the end of the week. i encourage you to watch and share with your networks. the rigorous scientific analysis will provide an even more solid foundation for all these efforts. i know the scope of the challenges we face can be daunting but i think the assessment is a powerful call to action and it's a powerful call to the opportunity that we have to move our energy base from dirty fossil fuels to a clean new energy base. power taking on climate change is oing to require an all-hands

on deck effort. that's why i'm going to close by asking you all to go back to your communities torks go back to your companies torks go back to your schools and businesses with a third national climate assessment in hand. i ask you to take the breakdowns, the stathe by state fact sheets and use the other tools we're helping to develop and make the challenge real for your neighbors, and for your states and local leaders. i want to ask you to help your local leaders and businesses realize the scope of the federal and nongovernment resources available to them and to help them make their buildings more energy efficient to deploy more energy, solar to make their infrastructure more resilient and better plan future projects in light of projected climate impacts. the challenges we face are considerable but so are the opportunities. that's what the president just discussed with the weather forecasters on deck effort. that's why i'm going just menti as those interviews took place garden. se

so they should look good on the tube tonight. with your help and passion and dedication with the innovative capacity and technological know how that makes our country and economy strong, with all of us working together i know we can meet the challenges of climate change and leave behind a healthier planet for future generations. i thank you for being here today but mostly i want to thank you for what you do tomorrow and the next day so please go back to your communities and get this message across. thank you. [applause] >> thank you, john, for those remarks. that wraps up our program today. let me just again thank everybody who contributed to the assessment in so many different ways. let me thank those of you who came today. our partners to date our partners to be for all that you are doing and all that you will do. with that we are adjourned.

>> everyone is coming to the new york world fair coming from garden. corners of the earth

and

there were a lot of court cases that resulted from that. so lois learner's attorney is trying to compare this to mccarthyism.

>> this is something that each chamber basically gets to control and this resolution would -- the contempt resolution would go to the department of justice and >> this is the justice department would is basically required by statute to present this matter to grand jury. now, the statute doesn't say anything about whether the grand jury would actually have to do anything or whether the justice department would have to do anything. so it could be that this is as far as it goes at least publicly. but the house also has other ways of getting this matter before a court. they could go to court themselves and try to get some relief from a court. it's unclear though whether they will try to pursue that remedy. i think basically it gets pretty gray from here. >> on the other issue the resolution being brought up by jim jordan on ohio on calling on the attorney general to appoint a special prosecutor, a special investigator for this i.r.s. case.

what's likely to happen there? republicans are concerned that one of the prosecutors gave some not insignificant amounts of money to president obama's election campaigns in the past. they have some leg to stand on there. but -- and they also did a fair amount of investigative work showing some issues that had not previously been brought to public attention, particularly ms. learner's issues that had not previously been brought to public attention, particularly i.r.s. ner's efforts to get ate to deny an application for tax exempt status by cross roads gps which is the very big republican-leaning tax or nonprofit organization that was very active in the 2012

election cycles. so republicans feel they have some new evidence here that they're trying to showcase and but whether any of that will rise the officials to the level tht justice department would have on, that's really a difficult mix of legal and i think political questions that we can't really answer. >> john mckinen on twitter you can follow on, that's really a difficult mix of legal and i think political questions that we can't really answer. >> john mckinen on twitter you his reporting thank you for the update. >> you're a vote on a contempt of congress welcome. >> republicans in the house will hold resolution against has declined to testify before congressional panels looking into the agency's handling of applications for groups applying for nonprofit status. there will also be a vote on

ether to appoint a to invest whether to appoint a special counsel get the i.r.s. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] >> if you were accused of being ambitious in chinese, if you were accused of being wild

hearted, it was a death sentence. professionally it could damage your family. it metropolitan you put the group -- you put yourself before the group. for chinese history that was totally unimaginable either under the confusion period or under of course the socialist period. when i got there, things were beginning to change in some deep way and what i began to around me was people talking about themselves. not in a sort of self-glamourizing or self-promotionling way but in a way that it matters what i want in this world and the world i want to define for myself. o even the term in chinese for myself was transforming. were getting comfortable using it. in the united states we talk

about the me generation as being this period in which we started to focus on ourselves perhaps too much. in china it was a revolution in our conception of what it meant to be a person. in the past people would talk about us, the group, the family, the clan, the village, the factory. and all of a sudden beginning after 1979 when the country embarked on this economic transformation, people had no choice but to think about themselves. and that became the fundamental dynamic that drove my sort of fascination and me was people investigation of china. >> on the rising conflict between the individual and the chinese government sunday night at 8:00 on c-span's q&a. >> for over 35 years c-span brings public affairs events from washington directly to you putting you in the room. and offering were getting comfo using it. complete gavel to gavel coverage of the u.s. as a public service

to private industry. brought to you as a public service. >> the defense department released a report on sexual assaults in the military for 2013. showed a 50% increase in cases from 2012. next we'll hear recommendations from a victims' panel. this part of the conference is an hour and 45 cases from 2012. next we'll hear recommendations from a victims' panel. this part of the conference is an hour and 45 minutes. official lois learner. as a public service to

both have requested to present public comments today which is scheduled for 4:30 to 578. during this discussion at times

we have suggested modifications. when we suggest a modification, we're suggesting it as the panel. obviously. the committee itself has made its final report and that's what we're working from. >> on the rising conflict between the individual and the chinese government sunday night at 8:00 on c-span's

so there is no confusion between the local line and the official d.o.d. line. econd of all, that they make a an easily remembered number so that it's in your head, it's posted all over the place

people can call whenever they want. and thirdly, that the local numbers are updated by the d.o.d. help line on a continual basis to make sure what we are calling a warm handoff. so that when you get the number of somebody locally, you're ensured that you get somebody on the phone. you're not just leaving a message and that the victim is left not knowing if somebody is going to call them back or what kind of services they're going to be able to get on a local level. our recommendations. say at the local level are you talking about on an onbase local level or an offbase? are they referring to the d.o.d. hot line to say at the l level are you talking about on an onbase local level or an offbase? are they referring to the d.o.d. hot line to other community help an easily remembered lines for assault? lines.e are military

>> when your sque makes this recommendation will it be like a directive to military personnel that you must use this line in lieu of something that may be available in the community? >> what we want is every installation have one number so there's no confusion and we can also ensure that the service continues. that there is -- the d.o.d. mainline and there's another line. we don't have any oversight over that second line. we can over the main d.o.d. line. >> but i think it's a wonderful idea. i'm not questioning that. i just want to make sure that military personnel are not going to be directed there's not going to be a zrective they can't call other hot lines or other online chat services for counseling and that sort of thing. >> that's not our intention. our intention is just for this particular service to be operating as lines. best as it .

>> you would see one poster that had the d.o.d. line and then the local number. you call the local number and you wouldn't get an operator. >> you don't know why the local command decided they needed the number? >> we didn't have testimony regarding that. >> ok. >> we didn't get testimony that the d.o.d. line was not operating. that was not what we received. it was operating but the testimony that we got was that there was confusion between the local lines and the d.o.d. lines. >> so as far as you know you understand that the d.o.d. line is resourced to take the 24/7 militarywide -- >> yes. >> ok. >> thank you. >> and there's additional volume i assume they can handle that as well to do what they have to do to be able to handle it? >> we didn't have testimony

could.id that they my sense is though that if we only have one line and we had deficiencies in that line it's much -- there's a quicker fix because you can go and you can go to the one vendor and say -- which is rain, and say we're hearing about deficiencies in wherever. wherever the deficiency is. you need to pump up your volume of operators or you need to offer additional services. if you have all these individual local lines there's no way really to super vise all those. >> one last thing to mr. brian's point. i guess the way recommendation six reads is that it says it's the single crisis hot line for military service members. and i know we're not trying to preclude them calling civilian hot lines. >> somebody feels better going off base for their services we are not trying to hinder that

whatsoever. we're just wanting to make sure that could. my sense is though that the mil consistent service that it's offering. >> so then do we want to change that word to be primary instead of single? professor what the and i were both thinking was it should say military sexual assault crisis hot line so that they are aware that at least it doesn't say it's the only one. >> to me it's like 911. you can still call the precinct if you want to your local precinct but you have a central number, everybody knows it. it's easily accessible. and that number can be as mia just said, held accountable it's not responding. but if you have to call the pre sinchingt, maybe joe blow was sick this day and someone else was supposed to answer the phone was sick the next day. you can't monitor it as well. i think it's a very simple and

important suggestion. >> we have any other comments before i ask for -- >> i think dean has. >> we got testimony that many of the local numbers were going to a recording and they would come back to the office. nobody wants to leave a message on the recording when they've been sexual assaulted. so in order to better treat the victims we thought -- >> i think that all three of i would mendations support. i would just add the word military in recommendation six so there's no sense that they have to use that or that's the only one they can use, which i think was mr. brian's thought on it. is there any other discussion or disscent on this? all right. then those recommendations are

accepted. thank you. >> our next recommendation goes to the evaluation of the victim assistance training. mostly what we're trying to get at this is ensuring that there s best practices being used by oth. in 2012, sapro did ask for an assessment of the training. however, the assessment -- there was no uniformity in how being done.nt was and some being done. and some of the information was outdated and incorrect. some e 2014 ndaa directed thee common core elements and to put forward those common core elements and that those elements be produced within 120

days of enactment of the act. those have not been issued as of the issuing of this report. so what sapr we're directing is the defense direct

that

having heard some of the testimony about these issues, and then being no other comments, i certainly would accept this and it is accepted by the panel. >> i would just add that after the, on the third line where it says they are properly delineated shoopt it be their roles are properly delineated? >> i think that's right.

thank you. anything else? the next recommendation 9 is about proper caseload and the proficiency of the victim assistance personnel. this is something that the comparative systems also prauth up that because there is a set number of victim assistance personnel that are required hav testimony about these that oftentimes if you're in a location where there's not been sufficient numbers of sexual assaults reported the victim assistance personnel does not get any experience in working with victims. so you have individuals who feel incompetent in working with victims because they never have. so what we're asking is that an assessment with done of the actual case loods, that a victim assistance should have in addition they should get

some sort of expeerntial training. and if you can't get that in a military setting then you should go outside of the military setting and pair up with a community-based organization that may be able to offer that kind of experience. any questions or comments? all right. that's accepted. >> recommendation number 10. this has to do with the evaluation of the sarp duties. the subcommittee spoke to a large number particularly when hood. to fort and we realized that they were tasked with too many duties, managerial, outreach, training, administrative, and then victim are.

there were so many duties that they didn't feel that they were able to do their best job in providing services to victims. so we're asking that the duties be evaluated by the scove defense in order to really kind of define the role better and to make sure that their utmost duty is to there were so many duties that hey provide victim care. also to ensure that there's enough sufficient numbers of available. >> any questions or comments? just have a -- >> comment. how is that much different from what we're requiring of recommendation 8? could that not also be compiled as part of 8? because we're also assessing the roles and responsibilities there as well. and measuring workload case and responsibilities amongst all these programs.

>> there may be a bit of redundancy there that we could -- i think in one

mental health care treatment. what we heard from various victims was that it was really difficult to get the mental appointments and then if it wasn't consistent. you may be dealing with different professionals every time you walked in. so there was no consistency in the individual that you -- once you got it wasn't consistent. you may be dealing with different professionals every time you walked in. so there was no consistency in the individual that you -- once you got in, you weren't sure you remember going to be seeing the same therapist over and over again. we also heard about mental as part of the kind of to the care a victim program gets right away. it was integrated right into the care that a victim would

get as soon as they reported an assault. we didn't have enough testimony to evaluate that program. but it is something that we thought should be looked at more thoroughly. it made intuitive sense that part of what a victim would mental health care and if they got that from

program -- i believe the department of defense wanted to it that program intact seemed to me that many of those issues involving intimate partners -- and we heard testimony from victims, that those cases were treated completely different. and so they weren't actually getting the attention we believed they should be getting. >> and was there any -- i'm -- >> this is a really important recommendation and it's really important for the panel to really think this one out, flesh it out, because i think it's going to be one of the

ones that the department of defense is going to have to grapple with. i just think it's really huge. >> was there any concern expressed? >> did they have any concern about it impacting the -- that kind of -- i'm reaching here maybe a little bit but i sort of see the responsibility of the family advocacy program to kind of assist families in staying together. did they have any concerns that moving this will work against that? >> yes. the family -- >> how -- what did they think about that? >> their testimony was that they wanted to keep their programs separate. they were happy the way it was running. but then we heard compelling testimony from victims. at least one victim who was involved in a sexual assault,

the sexual assault intimate partner. so but the program managers were adamant about keeping it in their lane for -- to keep the family together. but also, they didn't -- we didn't actually grill them about the intimate partner. >> general, we didn't hear any testimony that by sharing this data it was going to weaken the program on any level. it was strictly that there was -- there were two silos created and because they were created at different times they weren't sharing their data. so anybody who is swallly abused in a family setting those numbers are not be recorded. and this would allow for that. >> this isn't going to take their program away. it's just allowing for accountability. so when they actually provide numbers of unwanted sexual contact, those include the entire military community.

>> but do you envision that if the fact numbers are reported that then goes in command channel and you're tracking the mental health care and all of that that's provided to those victims? >> i don't think -- >> i think we were just trying to capture the numbers. >> we just wanted the numbers. and i think if i were in d.o.d. sapro office i would work to data and then when we do the water fall chaurt i would take that number out and separate it out but you still would have to have accountability regarding the method of disposition for those sexual assaults. family advocacy program likes to keep everything in the family advocacy program, keep the family together. but if you have an offender he may also be an offender within

the unit. there's no accountability for that. there's no way to figure out the accused also was abusing subordinates is also abusing sexually abusing the spouse in a family setting. imposing rather than these requirements all the way down to the unit level, it would be the fact program providing those numbers. perhaps the -- >> we didn't hear any testimony -- we heard testimony that the program was -- we didn't hear any testimony either whether the program was not working. and our intent was not to try to fix it in any way. it was just to record those numbers. >> just that administrative task so to speak making sure that those numbers are included. >> and i think the programs will work closer together if

you do that. >> i can't hear you. >> i believe the programs will work closer together as opposed to being completely siloed they'll work closer together if you require the data, the data to be tracked. >> i assume that family dvocacy program has the same restricted/unrestricted parameters that reporting sexual assault. so then my next question is did you get any sense of what the numbers might be, those that have -- go to family advocacy that have associated sexual assault issues? no? ok. >> no. we didn't -- we didn't get any hard numbers like that from the program. i mean, one could speculate where there's domestic violence there's usually swall abuse also. but that is strictly speculation and we didn't get any testimony as regards to how

many sexual assaults occur within the program. going to include going to incl sexual assault of children in a household? no. they don't go to family -- >> strictly adults. >> all right. >> all the numbers that we're asking them to share are the adults. >> professor. i'm sorry. >> go ahead. >> just a question. you just said you heard no testimony that the services were a problem through the family advocacy program. so there seems to me there's really two issues. the recommendation runs only to reporting and to numbers. and that's fine. i entirely support that creates a more accurate sense of what the sexual assault is. that makes sense. but the services you're not recommending a change but you are suggesting there should be closer coordination between the services provide bid the program and for sexual assault prevention and response.

well, i think that not in this recommendation but in the other recommendations where we said here are all the people that are working with sexual assault. we had need to assess their roles and make sure there's no overlap where there's gaps we need to fill them in. so what our hope is that we've had all these programs developed over the years. all of them offer some good services maybe some outdated services. let's assess that holesically and see where the strengths are and where the gaps are. and then let's really create a unified program that can help any individual in any situation. >> thank you. >> one clarification. the family advocacy program, that's more of a stovepipe organization that works separate from the command whereas the program worked within the command. so you're pulling the command into some of the family issues as well would be a concern to

the services piece. to the extent this is clustering the report i agree. the numbers should be reflected. i would hope that there's a possibility that even within the program you might have had somebody who is part of a family and their case within the advideo cassie program but they're also a military member and they're part of the unit and their case could also be within the program. so there's no double counting. so whatever steps to make sure you're only counting one incident as one assault if even if they're covered by both programs. as far as the service i'm not sure including that into this recommendation because i do think pulling a family issue into the command channels when it's for years it's been kept away from the command channels in order to help mend that family if that's what the family wants to do. might be better. but the services themselves, the people who are the providers having more coordination between the providers and not the program advocates that would be fine because the skill sets is the same and might maximize the available resources at a local level.

i'm just confused. so fap keeps their own data base of adult unwanted sexual contact confused. so fap keeps their own data base of adult unwanted sexual contact report. and if they never go beyond a report to fap -- what about the ones that may result in reports that are then investigated and go through the normal process? because there i would be worried about double counting as well. >> ok. so the family advocacy program a way to treat family issues and if sexual assault is one of those they do court-martial individuals for those cases. there are family issues and if sexual assault is one of those they do court-martial individuals for those cases. there are adverse implications but they work through the family advocacy program initially. so if there's an escalated abuse, where do the parties want to go initially? because military life is very

stressful and we don't want to -- you know, break the families lifment so they pull in the judge advocates into the that process. and they have family advocacy team meetings. and the jag is in there talking about the possibilities for dispositions, the m.p.s are in there. and so at that point the trial counsel can voice concerns this case should be a court-martial. we should not give an article 15 even though the wife doesn't 15 even though the wife doesn't want to go tracked very closely. at some point i think the sexual assault is going to be where fap is now. but those cases are not pushed under the rug. >> so if there was a decision all right we're going to do an article 15 or there's a decision there's going to be a court-martial, you're saying that those statistics are not captured because it's an fap? >> oh, they are eventually captured through the judge advocate report, the jags do a specific report about numbers

of courts martials. those are captured. >> but they're not in the numbers. >> but not on -- >> they're not? they're not under there. >> so it's not in these numbers. >> that's corrected. >> got it. >> any other comments? >> so it's not in these numbers. >> that's corrected. >> got it. >> any other comments? >> the narrow wording of what's forward. capture the

so those cases are to the prote against double counting. >> then i think we have agreement. thank you. >> recommendations 13. this is also a topic that we touched on yesterday. revictimization services and prevention. many people walk into the military having been swallly abused outside of the military. assaults of one of the key indicators for being abused inside of the military. so we were all concerned if there was anything that we could do reports and the numbers as long as it has with that knowledge that could help that if he we so our recommendation is the secretary of defense directs sap ro to work with center of disease controls and other property agencies to develop services for military members who have previously experienced swall abuse and to develop strategies to encourage utilization of these services in order to prevent revictimization and develop or mabet skills necessary to fully engage in military activities and requirements. >> how do you envision handling sensitive issue

of identifying those individuals? i mean, just making the information available when they self-identify and they understand the services are available and they can prevail themselves? >> we struggled with this issue. it's a very sensitive issue. on the one hand we didn't want to force people to self-identify if they didn't want to be. at the other time we couldn't turn away and say this is a key factor in revictimization. and if we can somehow help this person early on, it really should be our duty to do so. so what we're hoping is, is that by working with the c.d.c. we can come up with some really good protocols. we don't have the answers for you right now. we identified that there was a problem. there is a possible solution. and we would like to look into it and create something that we can use. >> my question was going to be very similar to general dunn's

and that is are we going to do or at some ry point. them? we identify and you've answered that so thank you. >> i think they're already identifying themselves because i think when sapro they testified about 500 cases where those unwanted sexual contacts occurred prior to service. so they -- those individuals must have gone and reported those prior service assaults. >> but not because someone asked the broad question if you've ever been sexual in lted before you came the military please raise your hand. and i know i'm being facetious so that they could identify or here if you have here's a number. but no efforts like hand. and i know i'm being facetious so that they could identify or here if you have here's a number. but no efforts like that are currently being done. are they? >> we did not hear any testimony to that. the office numbers do not -- the numbers that the general was testifying to do not come from any kind of survey.

the numbers when he was testifying he was talking about reports. and those reports were either to nci the military investigate rg organization or to commanders or to the sark. they were not reported -- they weren't raised hands. they were actual reports. however, the workplace gender survey that the survey where you get the extrap lated 26,000 victims. i'm not sure they don't -- i'm not sure if they ask that in the survey. they don't identify. those are anonymous survey respondents anyway. but those numbers -- as i said, the 500 that i mentioned, those were actual reports because he was testifying where those numbers were going in the waterfall. >> should we assume or not assume that those 500 were the result of reporting a sexual assault while within the military? >> yes. those would be reports, for example, if i enlist --

>> yes. i'm sorry that was a double edged quiet question. are we assuming that those came in connection with? >> no. i think sapro could answer to that. >> excuse me. i think the answer to that is no. that these are just cases they had nothing to do with sexual assault in the military. these are cases these are reporting of sexual assault that took place prior. >> so they're coming into the military and then reporting at some point i was sexual assaulted while a civilian. >> and i need help. >> correct. >> i don't want to speak for them but i do believe that's one of -- one of the reasons they're saying things are getting better. because people who were assaulted prior to the military are coming forward while they're in the military because they know they can get services. that's my interpretation. >> but we do also know from -- i'm sorry. we do also know there is some statistical evidence on the reporting of sexual assault that a lot of the sexual assault victims in the military also report having been

previously assaulted in civilian life. >> which is what this is about. >> but that's not the 500 that she's talking about. >> no it is -- >> the 500 just are those who understand that you can get services if you report that you've been abused even prior to accepting the military. i think the whole object of this recommendation is to increase that 500 to -- >> whatever the universe of it is. >> if that's how many there are so that women understand and men understand that when they enter the military if they need services because they were previously sexual assaulted they can get them. and it's to everybody's benefit to do it as soon as possible so that -- to assist in avoiding revictimization because there is apparently that connection. >> i have one caveat. first of all, there's quite a bit of revictimization. the 2,000 cases i reviewed on

the pale legislate bench include many cases of revictimization. and i can speak to the report in that where it said 492 or whatever unwanted sexual contact occurred prior to service i can't speak to whether that report included, i was sexual assaulted before i came in and i now also am reporting this sexual assault. do you see what i mean? which would be up to them to report. >> when somebody joins the military -- and i don't know the answer to this. when somebody joins the military and they report that they had been sexual assaulted before they came in, the fact that they're now a military member they are entitled to services that are on that install lation and that -- that eligible for even if it happened before they joined. is coordinating with the c.d.c. are there some gaps or are you trying to allow them the option

of you can go on post to get help if you're not comfortable and you want to go outside the system, identify other avenues? or -- why the c.d.c. and other agencies when they are already eligible for services snr >> i don't think the question is eligibility because there's also people stepping up. it's the numbers. we only have let's say it's the 500. just statsically out there if you look at the general population there should be many, many more people reporting and coming forward and getting services. they're not. and so you have have a very small number of people who have been previously victimized coming forward and saying i was victimized. what we want to do is see if we can raise those numbers, get the right services, and then hope that they don't get revictimized in the military. >> so they don't have -- even if they have reported they don't have to report. if you need some help you can go to the wherever, whatever agencies you arrange to get that help. and it's usually help available

at no cost to the victim at that point? >> it's usually at no cost. it's really accessing the service. >> i just want to put this into context. 45% of people who have been previously sexually assaulted are revictimized. his is a number. a huge percentage. we don't know how these people should be identified. some will self-identify and come forward, but maybe they are ways of encouraging other people to do that so we ask the secretary and c.d.c. and others that are knowledgeable about that is how to encourage people to come forward or maybe it would be at