army, we're not certain of that. so i would hope that there's not do radical efforts to certain things that we might regret. i am certain if we follow the leadership we will be speaking with one voice and acting in concert with the president of the united states. in the past 72 hours, we've witnessed savage repression of uman rights. backward towards a brutal disdain towards human life. political turmoil. no one in the city, no one in the inner circle of the chinese government, no one knows where it will end. the chinese government's actions today have been unjustified and inexcusable. the civilized world is appalled by what we have witnessed and we have the right and obligation to speak out. as majority leader indicated,

we are determined the senate will speak out today just as the president did yesterday. the damage to relations between ur two nations has already been serious. the potential for far more profound damage is very real. the american people have seen and heard what has happened in beijing these past days. the american people will not tolerate business as usual with a regime that mows down its own citizens in the streets of its capital. the american government cannot conduct normal relations with a regime which believes itself free to act that way. at the president said yesterday, we have a vital interest with the prc. we have a profound and commitment to human freedom and dignity. the chinese government must understand that. while we have no desire to shoot ourselves in the foot, we are not going to turn our backs on people who want only to be free. the president has spoken strongly and wisely.

he has sent a clear and major message. i am convinced it is the right message true to our our deals and consistent with our interests. i am convinced that congress and the american people will overwhelm we support what the president has done and will agree with what he so far has not done. we have to keep the options open. things may happen, things may change. we get more information, more facts, additional action may be necessary. let the chinese authorities understand this. the spasm of blood and brutality must end now. they must accept their own people at the end of the state and not the enemy. they can resume their path towards reform in progress. on that basis, we can resume relationship that has served our countries. i would urge that after week conclude action late this afternoon that we will have a

debate, a discussion, and we will come together on a resolution that will pass overwhelmingly. we will send a clear message supporting the president, supporting the american people. if you watch television, the president said he has not -- all the tanks coming at that one man is an inspiration. it is one i hope the chinese leaders, whoever they may be today, understand. they should understand that we are not going to back away. we are not trying to disrupt relations. i agree with the senator majority leader reference to students in this country. the protection of their rights and interests.

there are number of things we can do as far as the prc is concerned with investments and credits and a whole host of hings and options. i am certain the it ministration has an even longer list. i know the senator listed options he was looking at yesterday. i would suggest all kinds of things can be done. we will all come up with different ideas. the bottom line is today we should speak with one voice supporting the president, supporting the people of the united states to express our outrage. i yield the balance of my time. >> under the previous order, there will now be a period for transaction not to exceed the hour of 10:30. the senator from oklahoma is

recognized. >> i thank the chair. i think the distinguished democratic and republican leaders that have just spoken and the words they have spoken. the emphasis that is placed on the needs for a country to speak at this particular moment united with one voice in a bipartisan spirit. only when we speak with a single voice can the united states have maximum impact. when we speak with many voices, when we are confused, when we send different singles from different areas of our own government, when we have too many people trying to speak for this country all at once and speaking in different ways, the message simply does not get through. i have been watching the dispatches from china. i've been reading the intelligence reports. it is my responsibility. that situation there remains a very, very uncertain. there is a clear division of

opinion among the top military leadership going all the way down to the unit level. no one knows how that will sort itself out. there are strong differences of opinion among the top leadership of the country even into the bureau itself. which faction will ultimately triumph at this moment is unknown. therefore, we must act in a very careful and measured way. it is my view that a moment like this the person who should speak for the united states of america to assure that we do speak clearly, to assure that what ever we say as a nation is based upon the best information that we can possibly get is the president of the united states, our commander-in-chief. i am very pleased at the leadership that has been given to the senate this morning by senator mitchell and senator dole who are working together

to come forward with a consensus resolution. working with the white house and the president and the preparation of this particular resolution. this senator simply will serve notice right now that i do not intend to vote for any provision that would be inconsistent with or express any lack of support for what the president of the united states is doing. that would be a terrible mistake at this moment. all of us in this country have been moved from what we've een. who could not be touched by the courage and the spirit and the immense dignity with which young people in china have been pushing for democracy? which they have been risking their very lives and some of them tragically laying down their lives in seeking what human beings all around the world seek most.

spiritual value of democracy and freedom to develop their potential to the fullest. our president has been our ambassador to china. he is not only our president, he is an expert in this particular area of policy. the action he has taken is absolutely appropriate. we have sent a strong signal that we deplore the use of force. we deplore the mindless and needless killing of these brave young people. we have stopped the sale of military equipment. we have terminated contact with the military representatives of the chinese government. at the same time at this moment, it is important that we keep our ambassador in beijing so that we can in beijing be heard. so that we can have a clear channel of communication with

the leaders of the various factions that are contending for power as they debate among themselves the policies that should be followed. it is important and we withhold further action until we see how the situation unfolds. the president has sent a clear signal on behalf of the american people of our feeling of repulsion at what has gone on in terms of the blood loss. he has spent a strong signal, the continued action along these lines could imperil the close relations that has developed between ourselves and the current government of china. at the same time, he is left the door open to those that are working for change and reform to say that this is an important relationship and one we hope will continue in the future because we hope their fforts will succeed.

he has left the channels of communications open at a time in which it is very important for us to communicate. i think it is very important for us today to do two things in the congress. first, to express the deep admiration of the american people for the courage of those in china who have risked their lives in the cause of democracy. and to express our repulsion at the use of force against these brave young people. second, it is extremely important that we express our support for the actions taken by the president of the united states. that we established the precendce that the united states was beat with a single voice in the congress has the ability to provide important bipartisan support for the president of the united states

in situations that demand it. politics must stop at the water's edge. we must be united as we face the situation like that. my hope is what evolves today in the course of the debate in the senate and the house will prove that we are capable of that kind of bipartisan unity. >> the senator from missouri is recognized. >> let me say how heartened i am from what i have heard. the senator been working for about two years now to try to reestablish the bipartisan foreign-policy for this country. we have pointed out over and over again this evening's irresistible impulse for the

congress to want to weigh in on every foreign-policy issue with icroscopic detail. we have pointed out that when that happens the country does not speak with one voice. it tends to be a message of confusion. a cacaphony of confusion to the rest of the world. now we have a major event in china. a universal repulsion at what is happening in china. the beating of students, the use of military weaponry against unarmed civilians. i would venture to say that 100% of the people of the united states and 100% of members of congress are united in their repulsion of what is going on within china. the question is whether we are going to speak in unity.

whether we are going to speak with one voice against the happenings in china or whether we are going to do what we so often do in washington and that is dissolve into a game of one upmanship, of fine-tuning of resolutions, offering a variety of proposals. senator dole said in his remarks that there is a long list of options that is available. while all of us agree in our general view of what is happening in china, my guess is that if 100 people look at a long list of options, we would come up with about a 100 reviews of what options should be used. we can debate forever on the floor of the senate those options. we could come up with packages and we can come up with lists and maybe by a vote of 55-45 we can decide that one alternative is better than another

alternative. that should not be the position of the congress of the united states. we should support the president at this time. we should make an effort to reach a consensus. that is why i welcome the statement by the majority leader that there is going to be an effort to put together a leadership resolution. hopefully, a resolution that is drafted in close consultation with the administration. mr. president, we are one mind. the united states would like to act as if we are like one mind. let us support the president of the united states in addressing this major issue of foreign olicy. >> the chair recognizes the

senator from indiana. >> the images this weekend of china's chaotic suffering leaves many of us with a kind of helpless outrage. we are witnessing the work of -- a desperate attempt by certain elements of failed aging leadership to retain power. the work of those whose only claim to power was by force and suppression of individual freedom. we have seen the avenue of eternal peace littered with the corpses of political protesters. we have watched students on barricades crushed under the tanks. we have seen soldiers fire on those who attempted to gather and treat the wounded. we learned that the bodies of some students were covered by troops with gasoline and then set aflame to destroy the evidence of this infamous oppression. the chinese red cross now puts the estimates of dead in the thousands. victims of certain leaders who

have sold their own people for momentary power. somehow given china's apparent moderation of the past three years, we convinced ourselves that the totalitarian violence was a long forgotten madness. the veneer of recent cooperation only serves to heighten the effect of this villainy. president bush's response yesterday was appropriate. america cannot send weapons to a regime that then turns them on their own unarmed citizens. i'm convinced that in the coming days we will find other ways to support the chinese people in their trial. i am heartened by the discussion this morning with the majority leader, minority leader, and others in terms of our resolve to move unanimously forward as a body to support the chinese people. even as we are sobered by chinese suffering, there is a deeper cause for encouragement. for the minds which devise

injustice now know something new -- the first tremor of fear. the world we see today recalls words spoken nearly 400 years ago. while england waited in 1588 for a spanish invasion, queen elizabeth reviewed her vastly outnumbered army and addressed them with three words -- "let tyrants fear." this morning they do fear all over the world. in poland and hungary, china and czechoslovakia, soviet union -- tyrants fear with just cause. they fear the passionate intensity of the young, conscious that they serve an unfolding purpose. they fear the heart experience of the old embittered by decades of brutality. they fear most of all when men burdened by oppression stand upright and shout their defiance. they fear above all the chanted refrains of freedom. there was a time when socialism vision of forced equality and

secular ideology which was ringed with a halo of inevitability. it marched from nation to nation feeding on the strength of a promised utopia. these claims have turned to ashes as socialism has failed amid mountains of innocent dead. it promised to move the world but only managed to stain it with blood. today the place of that discredited creed has been taken by the promise of justice. it is freedom that occupies the imagination of passionate reformers. it is liberty that shapes the visions of the disaffected and china is the model. tanks may dip their treads in blood, but the weight of iron force can no longer outbalance the unestimated sum of human pain. the memory of past wounds and their anguished appeals to principle ensure that there will be no return to docile suffering. we cannot see how delivery will come or when it will come but

nothing is more certain for freedom has an inevitability of its own and inevitability rooted not in the midst of an unseen -- but the highest hopes of common men. chinese freedom will not be stillborn. tanks and troops is not the final measure of light. the cold reality may counsel despair but we trust in the prominence that gives strength to the weary and increases the power of the weak. we hear the echoing ring of the voices -- let tyrants fear. let the sound of freedom ring.

if zare say mr. speaker it's appropriate can i ask unanimous consent for everybody to extend and revise their remarks on this -- obthese eamentsd which we are considering now? >> without objection. >> and i say again that i dare y in all of the dark history of man regardless of which side

of the looking glass one is looking, that each of us either learned of y or has and i hat stain humanity would that each of us have a candidate for man's greatest inhumidity to man -- inhue manty to man. i am always amazed mr. speaker in conversation of matters of human rights on which this country fortunately has always in n out so strongly that a philosophical sense, man has so much difficulty with the

problem of being human and umane, and that we are constantly confronted with acts of inhumanity. i don't know what my candidate would be for an event that would be more repugnant, revolting, or would be met with greater revullings. but i dare say -- revulltion. but i dare say that meeting eople of one's own country who are assembled peacefully to ask for nothing more than dialogue and reasonable extensions of freedom already been granted in

terms of the right of assembly oor the right to speak or participation in the political stem, and then to have the uthorities in power respond by .nprovoked action >> the time of the gentleman has expired. >> i yield myself 2 more minutes. >> in which it was the indiscriminate slauthering of , vilians firing into crowds running over people with tanks, can't think of any act that requires and needs greater condemnation and the amendments that we are considering here feelings ss those

but they go further than that. we support fully the president in his reaction to what has occurred. and we demonstrate that we the people of the united states are speaking with a unified voice on our reaction. and we point out and hope that this matter can be resolved. and if it isn't, we might very well have to proceed with further activities in response to what is clearly an inhuman act. let us hope that the progress that has been made up until just recently in china would

ave continued. see what had occurred and what was possible. t is now just as inconceivable to me that the flush of that excitement brought on by the authorities and the people's republic themselves has now sunken into an abyss of inhuman action. it is so sad and so tragic, we commend the courage of those that stood up to this kind of repression. >> the time of the derailment has expired. the gem and from michigan. >> i yield myself as much time

as i may consume. i'm happy to rise in support of the amendment that we are offering to this resolution. anyone who has sat before a television must now know that there are two main one on china. with this resolution, we are putting the u.s. congress squarely on the side of the chinese people. the transition from communism to democracy will not be smooth in all places at all times but it does not have to be as brutal as the unfolding drama in beijing. america cannot stand idly by while thousands of chinese people are risking their lives in the streets. that is why the actions president bush announced yesterday are so important, mr. speaker. that is why what we do today is also important. it is simply not correct to say that the united states will have no influence on what is

going on in china. the more i listen to the chinese students being interviewed on television both here in america and on the streets of beijing, the more i realize what a powerful influence america's political freedoms are having. there are 35,000 chinese students studying in america right now. twice that number have studied here and return home. america has clearly captured the imaginations of a whole generation of chinese. it should speak with one voice. this is not the time for wildcat policymaking. the elements within the army and government officials and chinese people are clearly listening to voices from the outside world. in a fast-moving situation, president bush has chosen wisely among the options responding to china, it is the

extension of weapons sales that america cannot ignore the brutal action. the decision to maintain means that we will keep the lines of communication open, whatever leverage we have to influence moderation within the chinese government. this policy is, in my opinion, the best way to handle this problem. however, events transpire and the u.s. government should be talking with one authoritative voice. president bush has made a good start in developing a wide policy response. this evolution demonstrates to the chinese leadership that america is united in its opposition to their brutal methods and also demonstrates to the chinese students that america is fully on the side of their struggle for human rights and political

freedom. this resolution calls on the chinese leadership to demonstrate their commitment to the process they began in their move to democracy. i urge the adoption of this esolution. sir, i would like to yield with unanimous consent to the gentleman from nebraska. >> i rise in strong support of this resolution of which i am an original cosponsor. i ask free management -- unanimous consent to revise and extend my remarks. >> the gem in from florida. >> i yield five minutes to the distinguished gentleman from pennsylvania, chairman of the subcommittee on human ights. >> i think the distinguished chairman for yielding to me. i strongly support and am a co-author of this

resolution. everyone is now aware of the deplorable situation in china. congress must denounce the actions of the chinese government and support the democratic aspiration of the chinese people. what occurred on saturday in tiananmen square with unprovoked and vicious military attacks on peaceful demonstrators and innocent bystanders. as amended, it condemns in strongest possible terms, the slaughter that took lace. the chinese government killed hundreds if not thousands of heir own people. i don't think we will ever have a full account. what is happening in china is hard to comprehend and even worse to imagine the extremes the chinese government is capable of going to in order to suppress a pro-democracy movement. there is no mistaking the resolve with which the chinese government set out to annihilate the demonstrators.

the people's liberation army did not go to tenement square to shoot to warn. they went to shoot to kill. it is reported the pla made no attempt to disperse the crowd by using tear gas but rather marston to the square -- marched into the square shooting and crushing anyone in the way. a pro-democracy protesters sought recognition as a patriotic body and called for what has already been deemed important by the chinese government for the future of china and its people. all the students were asking for were political reforms that would keep pace with their economic reforms and an open dialogue with the government. the premier could have easily made a statement supporting the principles of the students demand. this rigid totalitarianism does not bode well for china.

the new situation is not good for our relationship with china. i don't see how we can continue to give our hard earned technological know-how to a government such as the people's republic of china as they have shown themselves to be today. i am sure many of us thought that china, with the implementation of devastating campaigns of repression leading the people of china, it appears that this element to chinese rule had become obsolete. clearly, we were wrong. there is no stability in china and there never really was. i applaud president bush for suspending government to government military sales to china as well as the commercial export of weapons. the president's response clearly puts the united states on the side of democracy and against government repression. it should now be clear that the

murder of its people is not perceived as only an internal matter. the taking of human life is never just an internal matter and it never will be business as usual between our two countries. the u.s. must demand the chinese government act with restraint and refrain from detaining and prosecuting demonstrators. as we have learned in the past, our protesters were imprisoned without the benefit of due process and still sit in china's prison 10 years later. i cannot say strongly enough that i hope that this tragedy will not be exacerbated by imprisonment and other sanctions against the chinese people. there have been alarming reports that the bodies of those that were killed quickly were taken from the square and cremated in order to conceal the death count and the true extent of the carnage that took place.

if this is true, the families of the victims will never know the fate of their loved ones and will further underscore the heinous nature of the chinese regime. i urge the quick adoption of this resolution so we can make our position known to the chinese government and to the chinese people. i would like to commend the chairman and congressmen for their consideration of this resolution. i would also like to express my thanks for their valuable contributions to this esolution. >> i am very happy to yield four minutes to the gentleman from iowa. >> mr. speaker, the bravery of the students of china has utterly destroyed the democracy, province, and aspirations of the privileged few. it underlines that the only basis for government is the consent of the governed.

legitimacy is what is it stake in china today. a government of, by, and for the people cannot be a government that turns on the people. the people's army defends the country's borders from outside invaders. it does not shoot unarmed civilians. it is impressive how we appear to be on the cusp of one of the great turning points in history. communism is in richard reid and freedom is roofing stronger. incredibly, the kurdish of oppressed people appears to be proving stronger than the coercion of an oppressor state. sometimes from an american perspective, we have to make difficult choices between real politics, geopolitical concerns, and morality and philosophy. when president bush made it

clear that our military relations would be suspended, he chose philosophy and morality. he was correct because when the government troops open fire on innocent civilians when they toppled the statue of liberty, the replica of it, america had no choice except to take a stand. this we do in unity or pride and this we do with the greatest respect for the people of china. i yield back the balance of my time. >> i yield five minutes to the distinguished gentleman from ew york. chairman of the subcommittee on asia pacific. >> i think the distinguished chairman for yielding. the amendment before us this afternoon, first of all, it expresses the profound sympathy of the congress for the victims of the violence in beijing.

it also strongly condemns the decisions on the part of the authorities in the people's republic of china to use machine guns and ban at -- bayonettes. and the steps that had already een taken by president bush to terminate all additional american arms sales for the people's republic of china. on the grounds that it would be utterly impassable for our country to continue supporting a military establishment. which has not hesitated to murder and massacre its own people. finally, the amendment also

makes it very clear that if the butchering in beijing should continue, the united states in consultation with our allies should attempt to impose additional appropriate measures designed to make it clear to the leadership in beijing that the united states and its friends and allies around the world will not continue to do business as usual with a government which does not hesitate to murder and massacre its own people. and what are some of those additional steps which we might take? we could, first of all, temporarily recall our ambassador to beijing for consultations here in washington. i know under present

circumstances, the president thinks that would be a mistake. but i think it should be clear that no one is suggesting that if the situation should require it, that we sever diplomatic relations with the people's republic. no one is talking about closing down our embassy. no one has proposed to would withdraw all of our diplomats. even if the ambassador is summoned back to washington, we would still have other diplomats who were there. they could convey whatever the plum at it messages we needed to make. but if it becomes necessary to temporarily recall our ambassador, it would send a very strong signal of the deep dismay with which we view the course of events now unfolding in china. there are other steps of a more concrete nature. we could, for example, suspend

all additional sales of high technology equipment to the prc. particularly if we could induce our allies, it would impose a heavy price on the people's republic of china. and the mere threat of such an action will hopefully induce some measure of restraint on the leadership in beijing which they have not hereto fore displayed. as my good friend from new york suggested a little earlier today from the foreign affairs committee, to stand any guarantees to american firms attempting to establish enterprises in the people's republic of china and the time af, that appears to be a sensible step to take. and if we chose to instruct

their representatives in the multilateral development banks to use their voice and their vote against any additional loans to the people's republic of china, this is demonstrative of the kinds of steps we would make and of which we may have to take if the killings in china continue. we do not look forward with equanimity to have to take such measures. but they may be morally necessary and politically prudent if the situation continues to deteriorate. we clearly have a stake in a good relationship with china but we also have an interest in reaffirming fundamental american values. and we could not credibly -- the time of the gentleman has expired. >> i have run out of time.

i ask unanimous consent to revise and extend my remarks. >> without objection. >> i yield three minutes to the distinguished gentleman from new york. >> i think the gentleman for yielding and ask consent to revise and extend my remarks. i want to commend the joe men from nebraska, a ranking minority member and the distinguished gentleman from pennsylvania and ranking member, mr. leach. for bringing before us this timely resolution. i am pleased to rise in strong support commending the extraordinary courage of students, citizens, and the people's republic of china. most vividly depicted by the loan student who confronted the

advancing tanks in tiananmen square and the students who directed the statue of liberty in that square. these brave chinese students have demonstrated their profound respect for human rights, freedom of expression, workers rights, discipline, and in a nonviolent and peaceful manner. the outrageous crime carried out by a portion of the people's liberation army has disgusted and angered all decent people. accounts of the slaughter are still emerging. one particular description is that of soldiers killing young women fleeing for their lives appropriately sets forth the value that the state hater ship -- that this dictatorship places on human life. specially when political ideologues are in charge.

i think it is incumbent on congress to condemn the excessive and indiscriminate use of force by civil authorities and the people's republic of china against its own citizenry. our nations executive and legislative branches are united in calling for a swift resolution to the political crisis in china without any further violence. the chinese government must be motivated to enter into a dialogue with the protesters to demonstrate a willingness to consider put all reform consistent with democracy throughout the world. as well as governments throughout the world supporting the president's measured and strong response to the chinese authorities repression and atrocities. the congress and the people of

our nation wish to express their unequivocal support to the actions of the chinese demonstrators with sincere hope that their quest for democracy may not go unrecognized. >> esther speaker, i yield two minutes to the distinguished gentleman from new york. >> i think the distinguished chairman for yielding to me. the huge demonstration in nonviolent protests over the last several weeks have proven that the people of china have a passion for democracy that is strong and widespread. even the slaughter cannot quelch that passion. now that the spirit of democracy has taken to the streets of china, even tanks and armored personnel carriers would not be able to insulate the oppressive chinese government from the will of the people.

we add our voices to the outcries of the international community and the massacre of hundreds if not thousands of innocent civilians and i am privileged to be a cosponsor. the chinese government decision requires a strong response to the united states. the violence must and and the legitimate demands of the democracy movement must be addressed. i am pleased to support the actions of president bush. i know that none of us believe either his actions or this resolution will suffice as a full expression of the moral outrage of the american people. further action is called for and i am certain will be forthcoming. the sacrifice of the chinese people demand greater action. i yield back the bounce of my time. >> i yield two minutes to the distinguished gentleman from ew jersey.

>> mr. speaker, it is with deep concern of the loss of life that i rise with strong support for bill 136. he house goes on record deploring the acts of repression and premeditated murder irca traded on the citizens of china by the people's liberation army. as it has in the past, they have demonstrated to the world that the health and well-being of the individual is of no consequence the city the interest of the state. people have little value and don't count for much. >> may have much to account. they continue to demonstrate that callousness towards women and children and the one child

per couple policy to achieve ts objectives. they demonstrated disregard for people's lives and their contemptible treatment of the people of tibet, now abandoning any semblance or appearance of restraint. they had been slaughtering the pro-democracy citizens in beijing. the world looks on as soldiers are fatigued. he pro-democracy students in tenement square deserve our support, respect, solidarity, and our prayers. they demand a response of diplomatic and economic. i think it is wholly appropriate that these brave kids be awarded the nobel peace prize. >> mr. speaker, i yield two minutes to the distinguished

german from california. >> the gentleman is recognized for two minutes. >> i congratulate him and the other leaders of this committee on a bipartisan basis for expeditiously bringing this resolution to the floor. the exhilarating expressions of support and democracy in china have inspired the world. the horrors we have witnessed in china in the last few days have shocked the world. the brutal crackdown on peaceful demonstrators deserves the harshest condemnation and i believe will prove the undoing of this regime. i urge my colleagues not to forget that this latest atrocity comes on the heels of a similar military suppression of demonstrations in tibet. tibet has been under martial law since march when chinese troops fired indiscriminately into crowds of civilians, drag people to be beaten and

arrested. many are still in police custody to face the risk of torture and long times of detention without charge. these are a welcome first step in response to the savage human rights abuses occurring in china, i believe we must be prepared to take much stronger action to respond to the regime's atrocities. our delicate reluctance to endanger u.s. chinese relations must take a backseat to our horror over what has transpired in tibet and beijing and cities throughout china. all the more because we have had a close relationship with the people's republic, we should make clear our condemnation of chinese human rights abuses. i think the sponsors for bringing this resolution so quickly to the floor and i would urge them to continue to investigate the possibility of

taking still stronger action to express our profound disagreement with the policies of the chinese government and responding to peaceful calls of democratic reform. >> i yield two minutes to the gentleman from california. >> mr. speaker, i have spoken less frequently this half of the 101st congress that all of my 11 years here. but i anticipate with new leadership and new action and hopefully a bipartisan foreign-policy, finally, that will change. this congress has never been the same since the second section -- session of 1968 that began with the assassination and murder of bobby kennedy and then martin luther king in this house lost his bipartisan approach to foreign-policy. the scars of the vietnam war as

the new president mentioned in his inaugural address, what is happening in china is the reason we were in indochina. i hope all the members here who found the communist government in nicaragua acceptable will take note that this very week, daniel ortega and the government in hanoi approved the slaughter of thousands of students in the streets of china. sitting in the speaker's chair is one of the most distinguished vietnam veterans in this house. i would ask the distinguished german from pennsylvania if he recalls the past that he wore in vietnam. it was the wall of china being pierced by the sword of truth. what we see a folding before us now is what pope pius the 11th called the intrinsic in here and evil of communism and

whether it is in hanoi or angola or moscow or beijing, what we see is the murder of innocent people by a corrupt communist regime that has lost its way. why are we always so surprised when communists who do not believe in any kind of a supreme being or god kill people -- >> the time of the gentleman has expired. >> i yield german one additional minute. >> the human beings are nothing but walking talking i made, worker ants to be treated as such and when people get in their way, to kill them because there is no immortal soul, no intern at he or supreme creator. what we see this week should change this house intrinsically and fundamentally. we should never again have

these debates over communist governments anywhere in the world. our oldest member passed away in the last few days. can anyone forget his last stirring speech on this house or in reference to ortega? i wish he was still on the floor. the uno in his final line was that got him a standing ovation? he said, get those communists out of their referring to central america. >> we will never see peace in moscow or china. let's have a unified foreign-policy for the rest of this great congress. >> i yield to the german from texas for unanimous consent. >> i rise in support of the chairman's resolution and ask unanimous consent to revise and

extend my remarks. >> the gentleman is ecognized. >> i think he distinguished chairman for yielding time and rise in vigorous support of this legislation. particularly, i would like to commend the chairman and the outstanding leadership and eloquent statements. last night, i met with more than five -- 50 chinese students to discuss the massacre. all the students understandably expressed grief and outrage. it would be necessary to meet with them one-on-one to realize the extent and depth of their grief and outrage. in their eyes, it caused the regime to lose legitimacy. the carnage has destroyed the trust and belief of the very people that determine that nation's future. every student there expressed extreme hostility to the oppressive regime including the

marxist that some still say he is a communist but not one in support of this regime. that is regardless of the immediate future for long-range stability of this regime. despite the tragedy, the support from democracy remains unabated. the students consider the u.s. their major hope and are looking for us to do much more. things can only get worse in the long run. i commend president bush for his decision to and military sales. however, this crisis is not resolved and more must be done. at my request and with cooperation, this includes language urging immediate cooperation with food and medical assistance efforts. it is imperative that efforts by the red cross and other agencies to treat the injured he supported to the fullest extent. i am not hopeful the government to beijing will allow this

assistance, but they definitely should. it should be concern for the international community. >> the gentleman's time has expired. >> i yield two minutes to the general and from california. >> the gentleman from california is recognized. without objection. >> i think my friend from michigan, the distinguished ranking minority member and i underscore something that i said earlier this morning when i had just a few hours before observing the election in poland. that is the tragedy that took place in tiananmen square had a ripple effect on the election in poland. it led the polish people to want to vote even more than they already did. they couldn't help but feel an

affinity with the young people that tragically suffered in beijing. and mr. speaker, it is critical that we do everything that we can to encourage the democratic process around the world because as i have said many times, the united states of america is the last bastion of freedom and this body is respected throughout the world. and this body is critically important and i commend the distinguished chairman of the committee and my friend from michigan for bringing this forward. >> i yield the last two minutes to the distinguished german from new york. >> the gentleman is recognized for two minutes. >> as a member of the foreign affairs committee, i extend my complete support for the

amendment and kabul meant our chairman for offering it. i watched the events as millions of other americans did the last few days with amazement, watching the television and listening to the reports. only a year or two ago, no one could have imagined this sort of thing could have happened and here it is. and what it does show is people's yearning for freedom and democracy could never be suppressed. i think we take pride as americans that our government leads the way and our country leads the way in freedom and democracy. representing new york city and the surrounding area, i am proud of her time i go see the statue of liberty. and what i saw in tandem and square, we knew that democracy could never be stopped anywhere in the world and even not in the people's republic of china.

it is very good that this united states government has tried for many years to foster closer ties with the chinese people. and i think it is time now that we express our disgust and revulsion at what the so-called people's liberation army has been doing to their own people. i am very happy president bush decided to cut all military sales to china, but i think we need to do more. we need to recall our ambassador. we need to keep these chinese students in america here until there is the feeling that they can go home and we need to stop all supplies and show the government and the people's republic of china that we will not stand for one massacre of their own people. i am proud to rise in support of this amendment and i am proud that the u.s. house of representatives is taking the lead.

>> in the distinguished gentleman from california. >> i think the chairman for ielding to me. i rise in support of the resolution and request unanimous consent to revise and extend my remarks. >> i yield three minutes to the distinguished gentleman from illinois, mr. porter. >> i thank the distinguished chairman for yielding. > without objection. >> meta-speaker, china is to receive hong kong under an agreement with the great britain in 1997. when the communist leaders crushed the aspirations of the chinese people for democracy, free expression, and human

rights in tiananmen square, they did more than murder their own people. they sent a message to the world. how it is to live under totalitarian communism and it was a needed reminder to the eople of the world and most of us exactly how communism works. it was a message, madam speaker, understood most strongly perhaps in the united states or even in western europe or elsewhere around the world, it was a message heard most strongly of all in hong kong. the stock market there dropped 22% of its value immediately. and people increased their efforts to leave hong kong as quickly as they possibly could and they are leaving by the tens of thousands. hong kong is an economic miracle and an example of the

work of capitalism as perhaps no other place on earth with a per capita earning 28 times as high as mainland china. china may in fact receive hong kong in 1997 according to the agreement with great britain, but madam speaker, it will be n empty purse. the people of hong kong and the people of entrepreneurial bilities will all be gone. they will have left because they understand better than any other people in the world the difference between otalitarianism and freedom and they will have voted with their feet and they will be elsewhere in the world. and the united states ought to be smart enough to know that these are exactly the kind of people that we need here in our own country.

and we ought to have a special quota for people from hong kong to come to the united states to escape the murderous tyranny of chinese communism and we would welcome those people with open arms. they will teach us -- they will also add immeasurably to american society and our own beliefs in the rule of law, human freedom, and democracy. the students of china did their best. the murderers of the chinese leadership crushed their aspirations. the people of hong kong understand what happened better than other people in the world. > benjamin from florida. >> the gentleman is recognized for one minute. >> i thank the gentleman for

his leadership today and for yielding to me. ladies and gentlemen of america, this is a special time in the history of man. we are on the threshold of a new era in world history. there was a time when totalitarian government could murder 35 million or 40 million in the free world would not speak out. and yet, the aspirations of a free people are demanding independence. in poland, in china, and hungary, estonia, latvia, lithuania. and i have never been more proud to be an american or a member of the house of representatives than at this moment when we stand on the side of liberty and freedom and say that as we look to the next decade and as we look to the soviet union and the communist governments around the globe and see the desire of the human spirit to be free, the confrontation is now

coming. will he be allowed to express themselves in the manner in which god created men and women to live freely? or will they be crushed by the guns of tyranny as we have seen in the revolution of 1917, as we saw in 1945, and hungary in 1956, or czechoslovakia in 1968. >> i yield the gentleman an additional minute. >> i believe over the next 10 years we will see precisely this confrontation. we will see the desire of human spirits to be free, to have democracy, to be able to speak and assemble freely, and we will see the tired iron boot of communism try to prevent it. i believe the march of history is on the side of freedom and i believe they will be

uccessful. but it will take the continued and dedicated leadership of such leaders that we have here today. gilman from michigan. at the chairman of the party from florida. leadership in the house of representatives to say that each time this confrontation comes, it will come again. it will come in poland and lithuania. it will come in hungary or the soviet union. the decision must be made, will these people be allowed to have democracy? will they be allowed to be free or will guns shoot them in place as it did in georgia six weeks ago, as it did in beijing yesterday? >> magellan gilman's time has again expired. the gentleman from florida. the gentleman from michigan. >> i yield back the balance of my time. >> let me just say that in the foreign affairs committee room,

right after the vote on these amendments, there will be a briefing for members on the situation in the peoples republic of china given by ranking officials of the state department. i move the previous question. >> without objection the previous question is ordered and the question is on the motion of the gentleman from florida. all those in favor, say i? all opposed, say no. in the opinion of the chair, the eyes have it. >> i object to the vote on the grounds that a quorum is not present. nays.

>> it is not often the house of representatives has a unanimous vote on anything. there were 416 votes for the resolution condemning the actions of the chinese government and there were no otes against it. we had a march to the chinese embassy the other day and there were both republicans and democrats on that march. which, i think, again demonstrated the depth and level of feeling that exists in the congress and therefore the united states about the actions gone on in china the last few weeks. and especially the brutal

executions that are going on the last few days in continuing. we cannot determine what happens in china. we don't have the ability to do that. we do have the ability to express as clearly as we can the united feeling of the people of the united states about what is happening in china and we hope and we pray as we said to the chinese ambassador that our feelings so conveyed can have an impact on what happens in that country. there will be a lot of question about should we do this or that in terms of sanctions. and we will have momentary disagreement about the right things to do. but we today and every day from here on out want it known that there is absolute unity in this country of feeling about what is happening in china and what we hope will happen in days ahead. we beseech the people to stop

the executions, give people due process and give people clemency and get their country back to the situation where democracy can rain. we had a very wonderful cooperation with the ranking member, the ranking republican member of the foreign affairs committee putting together this resolution and i am very happy he is here today and i welcome his statement. >> briefly, i would like to say that i think this was the work of the majority leader and working with the minority, a bipartisan approach. the message here is that the congress is united with the administration and protesting what is going on in china today. and that we want a stay of execution in the individuals tried over there. i think that is the most important thing that republicans and democrats are side-by-side.

>> i just want to say that it is good to be part of this bipartisanship. when we walked through the rain and so on to get there, one of the first things that the ambassador said was, i see there is hardly any republicans here. number one, that wasn't true. there were republicans there. but also, china is watching us very carefully on what we are saying and if we are speaking with one voice and i think what we did today is historic and critical. we are together. republicans and democrats alike. let no one mistake it that we condemn the killings and we want them stopped. >> nancy pelosi has also been very ctive.

>> i also want to commend you for introducing this resolution and mr. broomfield for his cooperation. it made me very proud to be on the house for and see the unanimity of which the resolution was received. congresswoman boxer and i represent a city that has a larger population of asians than any other place outside of asia. a larger population of chinese. he speak on behalf of them and everyone that cares about freedom. that is to say that this situation is intolerable. the massacre was a shocking to us as it was everyone in the world. and the repression was scary and there is much more than what we can hear about our constituents. but the denial is the most frustrating. every opportunity we get be it on the floor of congress come a which is the most important opportunity we have, or marching to the embassy as

members as well and being led by the majority leader to go in and see the ambassador and tell him as forcefully as we can do the human rights of the people in china are not an internal matter, they are a concern to people all over the world and especially to members of congress here and that we will only draw strength from every death that they perpetrate. i was particularly pleased because the majority leader asked the ambassador to endorse the suggestion i had that if they are not afraid of the truth, they shouldn't be afraid of the delegation coming from congress to visit china and see for ourselves what is going on there. the ambassador said he would consider it. most of the time was spent denouncing the sentences of deaths of the students and also pleading with him for a stay of execution. and hopefully we will hear back from the ambassador that we will be able to visit there and find hope for putting a stop to

what is going on there. >> does this mean that we will not be getting a suspension on china at this time? >> we are working on an amendment to the foreign aid bill that will have provisions in it that will move us, further steps for delivering a message to the government of china. whether it will include msn i am unclear at this point. i think it is important that we express our feelings as clearly as we can. i think if that is done properly, the government of china will take the proper mplications from it. it is obvious what is being said not only in the united states but france, britain, and

other countries around the world that the chinese leaders must understand that if they continue these executions, they are going to isolate themselves from the entire world. that may not persuade them. i hope it does but it may not persuade them to change. they have been interested in the economic development of their country. we had hundreds of meetings about the economic future of their country. they are deeply interested. they will continue the xecutions. >> i serve on the banking committee at the international subcommittee there and we're dealing with the multinational development banks and the world bank. and you know the administration made a mistake -- made a statement about that yesterday. i think it is important that we take opportunity we have to say

that they have drawn themselves outside the circle of civilized behavior and how can china -- i hink the statement has to be a stronger one that would include things like you're not as worthy a trading partner even then the soviet union. because in the end, we cannot say the response was any last because they have a vast market over there. >> i don't criticize the president for not saying enough. because of -- the president has been a stalwart leaders speaking out. >> i want to get this across that i think what the president has done so far as been a very measured response. if we are going to have any

affect at all, the congress has to work with the administration. they work hard for a number of ears to build a relationship and what has happened over there has really turned off a lot of us but we hope it is not turned off permanently. we hope we can rebuild the relationship but it will take some time. we have to be careful that we don't get out ahead of the administration and what they are trying to do. there is no question that if there is a further deterioration, the administration is going to weigh other options. that is how tough we can be on you. >> we have to keep in mind what will stop the killing in china. we can be worry about how we disagree with someone. we have to keep in mind what

stops the killing in china. in that context, we will have some disagreement as we go along. and whether or not a particular thing we are asked to have done is the right thing to do. hat overwhelms the message we're are trying to send the chinese government. the first question out of his mouth was, why is there only one republican here? probably feeling that if the republicans weren't going to press them, maybe there wasn't unanimity in our country. there happens to be three republicans in the group and many others that want to come that could not come. i think it is abundantly clear today with the chinese government and it will be over

the next few days, that every country in the world including england and many others are moving toward sanctions, movements, actions which expressed displeasure and outrage at what is happening in china. >> are their commitments that you can tell us about now? >> first of all, we are going to have the chairman that will be working with our ranking members, working out a comprehensive bill on china. we haven't gotten down to all the amendments offered but we will work in a bipartisan effort to come up with a unified position like a leader and myself have done on this articular issue today. >> brobe is in poland today as

part of his european trip. we will have live demoverpblg about 10 minutes. while we wait for that to get started, we bring you part of the discussion talking about cybersecurity. at a critical time for continue america, as we see of course and an increasing number of

cyberattacks happening to u.s. companies. let me start by asking you, how do you think business and the nsa can best work together stop some of these cyberthreats that exist right now. >> first of all, thank you for , king the time from your busy i thank you very much for your willingness to do that and engage in dialogue. unfortunately it took a while to drive here. i apologize to keep you waiting. the first point i would make is in terms of my business colleagues, the things i try to highlight are fist and

foremost cybersecurity is foundational and to your ability to execute your mission. your failure to do so ccessfully directly has an i try to tell -- business seniors just as i try to tell military seniors, you must thrown problem. you cannot say hey, this is your problem. go deal with it. it's not something that's worthy of my time or that i need to focus on. think of same point, this is just not your i.d. and computer people. you have to own this problem as

a leader. you have to drive the change drives this into our culture. we have to consider it every . t as foundational and use it when i look at the problems, i'm struck by a couple things that i try to highlight with my counterparts. traditionally in my experience, we have often largely been focused on the attempts to revent inintroduces. -- i am increasingly coming to nan we must focus on detegs. so what do you do when they get in? because i wish we lived in a world where i guarantee no one

is going to gain access into -- you need to have spend time asking yourself, what do i need to do to maximize -- and quite frankly what do i do about it? >> what do you do about it? do you go to the government? do you hand it on your own? >> clearly i think when you find something that's beyond the scale of your ability as an ebtty to deal with, you say this is an area where i need help. we have a el side, vested interest in ensuring uninterrupted operations whether that might be in a financial sector, power sector,

fuel, air travel. there's clearly sectors here that are of increased -- one of the roles for united states cybercommand even as u.s. ybercommand -- i have also been tasked when to provide capability to support civilian teammates in trying to deal with many of these challenges, particularly those working in critical infrastructure and to o that we must partner closey. as well as those key corporate entities who are -- or deny their ability to operate some of their public interfaces.

>> i see a significant threat they think might be coming from a foreign entity, do i deal with that on my own? >> well, first of all i think private sector entities have lots of different objectedives and lots of competing goals. so although they want to be compliant they also want to make good returns for their shareholders and i think sometimes those things tend to be at tension. i think there also can be a tension between the senior most officials at some of these entities who have kind of a broader view perhaps of greater capability of being able to see all these different dimensions and coming down in a place where we would think is integrity laden and folks within very far

flung, when i look at the number of incidents that i believe are truly happening out there, boy, there's a big delta, so i am a poe opponent of the legislation which would set up a structure for the correspondent world to share information and for us on the government decide share information with our corporate teammates as we try deal with this. because coming together as a partnership is where we can become very powerful. as a director of the national curity agency, i do not have -- my role. i'm out in foreign space trying to figure out what's going on in the cyberarena? what is coming at us as a nation? what should i be concerned

about? and also in our insurance mission where we are tasked in our government to help develop capabilities. provide capability when directed and identifying a ware and i think it brings capability to this. u.s. cyber command brings an operational ability. teams organized and equipped and trained to operate in this space identify problems, help in the defensive side as well s the offensive piece if we're directed to do so. the capabilities that many corporate entities vaccine i spent some of my time in this job getting to know corporate

counterparts and in many instances i'm impressed by the legislative of capabilities and that i by their willingness to work with others. i would certainly like see us expand that to the broader part of the corporate world. >> the technology is big, and let me ask you about new reports using technology to monitor people, how does program like that work? >> well, i am not going to get into specifics. that is my greatest challenge. in order to execute our mission of foreign intelligence, i have to be very mindful of my ability in large open forums to talk about the specifics of what we do. now, in my confirmation herring i was also very explicit that i believe as a director of nsa i

have to be more aware. while i can't be getting into specifics of how we do it but i have to get into broad description of what it is. >> can you tell me what that might be? >> we use facial recognition as a tool to help us in counter terrorism and that has probably had more impact on us in the counterterrorism arena than anywhere else. we will know digitally, if you will, but we want to see if we can try to understand more broadly to help and enable our broader efforts to bring they will to justice and stall their i lity to -- we do not, if could say this one thing, trish. we do not do this in some

unilateral basis against u.s. citizens. we do not access -- at one point i thought one said they must be accessing department of motor vehicle records. i'm, like, no. we do not do that. we have very specific restrictions when it comes to u.s. persons. > but you don't have access to drivers licenses and passport photos. >> well, talking about u.s. persons. >> correct. >> we don't this for u.s. persons again, why? our mission is explits it, it's foreign intelligence and foreign intelligence connected to if we have to do anything regarding a u.s. person, we have certain legal constraints we must comply with. we can't say hey, today we're

going to go after person x, y, or z. >> but there are people you know you want to target. >> well, let me finish what i was talking about and then i'll get back to that. clearly we will encounter people and we have specific restrictions about what happens if we do encounter a u.s. person. broader terms we have to stop what we're doing. realization the that it is a u.s. person, we have to stop what we're doing and assess the situation and if we think there's a legal reason or this, then we have to get a legal authority to continue. we've all heard this with the gentleman exchange in moscow.

the part i thought was interesting is as he was hey, i reached out the nsa. the one thing we could find was the annual training. you know what it was about? safe guarding of u.s. person's information. that was the training he was going through, the course he completed, that all of us have to. that course generated a question in his mind. from my perspective, that's a good thing. i saythat. you have to ask if there are things you are uncertain about. >> that's why we have feedback and requirements in our duties. that's the only way this will work.

>> someone, take the dull case for example. as it relates to intelligence gathering and we're now sending five members of the taliban ack to qatar, is it -- >> i'm not getting into -- >> as you can tell, i'm a very direct person. >> we appreciate that. i just wonder, can the n.s.a., i mean, they are foreigners, they are known threats. can we track them overseas? >> do we have the means so track foreign individuals? yes. am i going to guarantee we can track every individual constantly? no. you will not hear about that. but i say i wish wow. i wish we had the breadth of capabilities.

i'm like what? you really believe that? that is just not the case. like i said, we operate under the rule of law. and as the new director, i've been in place 60 days as you heard in the introduction. as i tell them it matters to our allies and our friends. what also matters is that we do it right. we are not going to let them down by abusing that trust or abusing those resources. now, a broad dialogueability what we're doing and why is a good thing for us as a nation. i don't question that for one minute. because as proud as i am being a flag officer in the navy, i was a citizen birthday started this journey and when this journey is over, i want to go back to being just another

citizen again, and i have no intention to koch mize my duties. there's nothing worth that in my experience. >> you mentioned ed snowden. what harm has he done to the country and to your agency to do it? >> yen. >> we will leave the program that the point hear from president obama. necessary europe for four dies meet with world leaders and discuss the ongoing action in ukraine. marking the 25 anniversary of poland's -- it will include remarks by president obama and another.

> the air is pony will begin with the posting of the colors of the participating states.

>> the national anthem of the republic of poland. >> please take your seats.

>> we welcome the countries. >> on behalf of -- together with we celebrate the 2 r 5th anniversary of regaining of independence. that here in the capital rep reextent round table tops held in elections to be in that part of europe after the division. not many generations before us had the opportunity to develop a free country.

but we do. so today it is my pleasure to welcome you in the city of people who are creative, free. people passionate about -- eople who do not -- even if it kept verely -- also re-bearing like -- raising from ashes. now a day it is the modern, vibrant capital of central and eastern europe. so i wish to expand the warmest welcome to the capital. i wish to welcome the head of attorney delegations here in the castle square in the very heart of warsaw, the city that celebrates the 25th anniversary of freedom. [applause]

>> the declaration of freedom has been designed especially for the president of poland. it is open to design by anyone who subscribes to its values. in a moment it will be -- by -- presented. >> the warsaw declaration of freedom. of free and uniting guided by in our love of

gather and other values us here in warsaw on the 4th of une, 2014 marking the 25th niversary of the selection and in countries of eastern europe. the historic moment you mean of the change express our view that freedom and solidarity represent fundamental values on for each people should base their relations. e declare a profound attachment that is represented common heritage of our free

nation and force human rights for source of the rule of law. we ried the fundamental re-affirmed the appreciation that respectful human rights and fundamental freedoms is an essential factor contributing to these. and the whole world. we oppose any manifest fessations and any forms of discrimination. we condemn all acts of violence that accompany them. remembering the dramatic past, we express our conviction that -- annexation

underlines the functioning of the whole international system. [applause] >> an effective means to achieve peace and security should be good neighborerly relations between states and nation based on international law. nd in particular on zoranty, dictatorial integrity and political independence of fate. we jointly subscribe to the hope that the state of freedom and solidarity should the expand in these relations

between nations and between individuals. also 2014. [applause]

speaker, nt and madam rime minister, distinguished ladies and gentlemen. mbs of parliament and all distinguished guests via compatriot. we are now standing in front of the royal castle of warsaw, a symbol of a very difficult history. that's how our country looks. on the 1st of september, 1949 the second war broke out. and the castle burned down on the 17th of september on the ame day when following the hitler-stahlen pact, poland was also attacked by the red army. back then poland loved its

independence. the polish speak for all who participated from the first dayto its last day. so he would be fighting mainly on old friends, and while we were not to -- after allied rces over the nazis, we were deprived of this opportunity by the arrangement made. victorious power decided to delineate new spirits of influence very much like many other countries of our region, found itself in the realm dominated by the soviet union. far few long, dark decades, but the iron curtain prevailed. yet, our dreams, our as operations survived.

our pursuit of freedom survived the source of our strength float from our national regained our we nipped 1918 and achieved victory other the bowl sha vicks. the source sthoff power was also one of the polish family. the main thing of the nation's life. we also derrifed a part from the catholic church, the ritual independence and clear signal of our belonging to the western world. of , certain and in place normal economy prevailed in the form of private funds, small trade, small enterprises. circumstances were changing but -- africa, n is

the drama of the post war and underground movement for whatever drama likely work or rebel yons in june, 1996 and december 1917 that were suppressed in blood, but thy finally did away with ending this of its people, the communist people supposed to be. nd in 196. june, 1976 of special importance. at this time the workers striking for bread gained support of the indom in a table -- beginning of the past leading towards freedom. -- in w, the mission's

front of the communist censorship bureau, i will unveil a speech memo reel. yet is untoday i already wish to pay homage to those who fought in freedom of speech. we begin. soon we turned out to be hundreds of thousands and at the end of the day there was 10 million of us. 10 million of solidarity people within the borders of the empire. and addressing the millions and reaching their hearts was the polish pope he those to give them as he called and your face the face of this land. aless nons were led by

ales manufacturing plants 'em prisonment, incarceration, detention, it until the symptoms of the internal decomposition of the union began to show. then we all sensed that the time has come for the struggle for freedom. the communist system propaganda. t's dictatorship where we are -- economic values. in poland, this was accompanied by the strengthening resistance of the solidarity. the solidarity underground, and every successive system of the regime would only enatlantis -- and that is why communist part had to make concessions.

hat's why the legitimate was ot conned me, but solidarity ould be partially b curry did? that bout. then invoking partially free elections the forces of freedom got the upper hand. no forces were defeated. it was a little knock youth victory. accomplished in spide of unequal playing fields and all the preps of the governing communist party -- the whole nation decided about the fate -- ballot one

without resorting to violence. without spilling another single finished communists in poland. we tore down the iron curtain of propaganda. we told them the iron curtain to be able to live in the truth. the curtain behind be the ruling regime was hiding in order to build a system that was not democratic. so the very since time elections were not a fiction. these were genuine elections while we opted for living freedoms. as success triggered an avalanche of events. it was like the first domino which led to the following of the following dominoes. the regimes would go down one

after another after another were even. the freedom when it is a dream it gives you enormous power that's why all tyranns recoil from it. freedom inspires human action. began om progress that poland. jan marks cbr. german stayed and the it g killeding and -- crossed the borders of a soviet union bringing freedom to lithuania, latvia and astonia and the collapsing 'em umpire. we all became free people.

and we needed to decide how to manage the new lead ebb -- the new freedom. ow should we reinforce it? freedom that had been just people's dream now turning to the responsibility born of the state. distinguished guests. fellow powers. for poland. it was a time of daring and economic reforms. we were implementing them in the spirit of compromise with he smallest possible political concerns raising from the painful past. the patrons was the first known -- the inthat have past 25 years of polish freedom

has been marked with difficult decisions with much work and sacrifice, but also with huge achievements. we are, a number of times hereer, more experienced than because we 989, know how to take on the challenge of economic reform and shoulder the burden of freedom. we were successful not only in quopping the economy. but also in laying down the foundation for the state of law. we reinforce our security by joining nato and developing strategic partnerships mostly within the united states. we also became members of the european union. event would be included.

the reconciliation within reconciliation with the germens and ukraineans. from that perspective challengeo be the reconciliation with the russian nation for freedom when it is wisely managed. favor goodays relations with its neighbors. that is why it is with great satisfaction that with the president of germany we will connect also to germany and further it onwards to western , also running to the east of poland in the future. we fully appreciate the freedom we have regained, although we are starting to treat it as