0 joining us from louisiana, the capital news bureau to talk about the senate race between mary landrieu and bill cassidy. there is also the independent candidate who is running as well. several other candidates on the ballot. , the latest race is headed for a runoff. do you agree? 0 that is what it looks like. the game plan that the cassidy campaign is taking. he is running and incumbents race. date is tomorrow night. it is going to be very interesting.

>> rob is a republican as well. there are nine candidate. what is going on? what is going on with the incumbent senator? very different. next week is the primary. everyone runs together and the top two vote getters go on to december if nobody gets over 30%. landry isike senator going to get the most votes, but nobody is going to have enough to crack into the 50% plus one vote. it looks like it is headed to a runoff. it is interesting how the campaign has been going. -- you can't watch tv without getting bombarded with campaign ads. it is really interesting, a lot of it is senator landrieu being

a democrat. a lot of it is on president barack obama. directly to him. host: has that been impacting her ability to get over that 50%? or is it her record? caller: it certainly is obama. that is what every campaign event, every commercial is about. you would think barack obama is going to be on the ballot with the way it's being campaigned. debateght, there was a between senator landrieu and robert maness. former president bill

clinton was in louisiana yesterday. campaigning for send her landrieu, asking voters to get out and vote. will that work? caller: that was last monday. it's interesting, it was the second event he has been at here. the first one was more private. if fundraiser in new orleans. this one was in baton rouge. you had to go and rsvp on their site. it was packed. about 1000 people there. probably a bit more than that. -- johne been pulling mccain was out for bill cassidy. it is drawing a lot of attention. we will see how it gets.

is up aw, early voting bit from past years. about 200,000 people have early voted at this point. i guess we will see how much the big names are drawing out. how much money is being spent on this race? demographics to watch for? caller: gosh. i have not looked at the amount spent. was the most, it expensive race in the country. millions of dollars being poured into it right now. itis not worth tracking because they're constantly running ads on tv. ho all to figure out w

these groups are. the last poll showed 14% undecided. it's finding out who those undecided voters are. mattere ads streaming in to them? host: we will have live coverage at 8:00 p.m. of the debate between senator landrieu and cassidy. governor debate. jason carter is a state senator and the grandson of jimmy carter. governor deal was elected in 2010.

of a stationurtesy in atlanta. vote.is your voice, your this is the debate for georgia governor. here is your moderator. >> good evening. welcome to the debate for georgia governor. it is one of only three debates and the final one. i want to thank all of you watching the live stream. usingn tweet questions our hashtag. jason carter.

nathan deal, and the libertarian candidate. these are loose guidelines. gentlemen, thank you all for being here. georgia's economy, you both use statistics to make various arguments about the economy. will you please right now offer a couple of specific moves that you would make as governor to enhance the economy? >> we have been one of the leading states in terms of job growth over the last several years.

we created more jobs than 44 other states. as of tomorrow we will be able to introduce more jobs. we will make sure that we follow-up up on our career initiative programs that can train our citizens with the jobs that currently exist. we are doing that with 100% tuition scholarships for those going to technical schools and be trained for the jobs in our state. i will not raise your taxes, that is the wrong thing to do. we have cut taxes. we have eliminated the estate tax. we need to stay the course on those kind of policies. >> senator carter, what specific things might you do? >> thank you for being here and your question. i am honored for this opportunity to share with the people my vision for an economy that works for everyone. i am running for governor because i know this state has

every ingredient to be a powerhouse. the current leadership has taken this state to the bottom. we are dead last in unemployment. every other governor is doing a better job than governor deal. we are dead last in terms of how fast we are recovering from the recession. every other governor in the country is doing a better job at managing the recession than governor deal. we cannot continue down this path. middle-class families and small businesses are being left out. my plan calls for ensuring those small businesses get the same tax credit and ensuring we build an economy based on educating people with high paying jobs and not the lowest possible wages. under the governor's plan, the middle class has been left behind. >> your response? >> we have not left the middle class behind. in terms of the jobs created,

the average salary is $47,000. we are not doing worse than other states, we are doing better. we have seen our job growth in revenue from people paying taxes and tax withheld has grown by over $90 billion. the other states have a lower unemployment rate have seen their numbers of workers shrink and workforce not grow and they have not created a number of jobs that georgia has had. we are doing a good job in that regard and we will continue. we are focusing on the middle class and that's why we have a 100% tuition for those who will attain a middle-class economy. >> we will get to you, mr. hunt. >> we've debated several times and that's the first time the

governor has mentioned the middle class. the average family makes 1400 less then they did when he took office. our state, last month, lost 15,000 private sector jobs and he is going to brag about 600 being created tomorrow. we need a governor that will focus every day and understand small business create two out of three jobs. he will cut the ribbon but will not support small businesses. we have to make a change. >> we will get to our panel. >> the key issue is the jobs being created right now are not today's job but counted in the future jobs. we need to jobs now and not over the coming years. we are losing mass quantities as mr. carter pointed out and we have to replace with the jobs now. we need a program where government is not creating the jobs. that is what mr.

deal is talking about. we need free enterprise created jobs where there is a level playing field and they do not only go to the large corporations. >> to our panel. >> i want all three of you to answer this question but i want to focus on education. senator carter, you have criticized governor deal on educational funding. you say you will cut some government pork yet you have not been specific. can you give me three areas, three programs or agencies where you see the port you can cut to make up for hundreds of millions of dollars? >> thank you for your question. education has to be our most important priority, every single year. the governor's record on underfunding education is extreme. we have seen $8 billion cut from our classrooms and 9000 fewer teachers today that when the governor took over and more students. all of you know and can walk

into your local school and see some of the kindergarten classes have 26 students. these cuts have consequences and undermine not only our students but our economy's future. education is economic development. we could have a separate budget for education. we can devote that revenue and greater proportion than the governor has. there was $100 million in waste and the food stamps program last week and we have seen other states that have tackled waste in their government by partnering with the private sector and cut hundreds of millions a year. we can do it. right now, we do not have a governor looking for answers. his position is there is not any. >> can we have your view? >> your question has not been answered. we get the same kind of

rhetoric. we have increased education funding to the highest level of any governor in 50 years. the highest level was in this year's budget, $535 million, and senator carter voted against it. he said people will be held accountable. we are holding you accountable tonight with the question lori just asked and all of us are going to continue. you have never indicated how you would do that. these are simply hollow rhetoric that has no reality. certainly, he knows that. if he thought there was waste, he would've introduced at least

one amendment in the budget and he has not done so. >> what you have heard is governor deal passing the buck for his cuts to education. the governor presents and signs the budget. this year, the budget underfunded education by $750 million and the governor calls it an increase. we are not doing right by our schools. i have one issue that has been neglected by the governor is uncollected taxes. right now, there are hundreds of millions of dollars a year that are being lost by taxpayers because we are not properly collecting our state sales tax. the governor had ignored it. you have seen repeated references to the fact that the governor believes there is no waste. everybody knows that is not true. >> once again, if he thought there was such a waste, don't you think he would've introduced one amendment to point itt? he has not done it.

we are collecting taxes and we have acted more people over the period of time. we are doing a very good job of collecting the taxes. what it boils down to is in order to do what he says he wants to do, he will have to raise taxes. he does not want to admit that. the reason he cannot answer that, that is the only source available to do what he claims he wants to do. >> when the hope scholarship started -- >> dr. hunt? >> we heard a lot of discussion about how we get a different money into the education. what we need to look at is how we cost effectively educate the people and educate them correctly. we have a major issue that both of them want to continue a failed system. i say we don't have common core.

i say we have school choice. 70% of the people want school choice whether democrats, independents, or republicans. let's give it to them. let's not have people end up in a cycle of poverty just because of their zip code. the best way to end poverty and through education. we need to do it more cost effectively. we rank 25th in the world but we spend the most. we need to change that. we need to really turn things around. >> staying with education funding and budgets, the georgia corporation is saying the percentage as of 2013 from 34% when you started to hope is now 25% so it has been a decline of 9%. is the money there to restore the hope to the higher percentage once again? >> i do not think that is the question that needs to be answered.

are we being able to fund the programs that hope is in charge of? funded exclusively through our lottery program. we had the highest revenue increased over the past years that will be dedicated to the hope programs in our state. other states have tried to follow the formula of ratcheting up and ratcheting down the amount of payouts have seen disastrous results. they have seen fewer people playing and participating in their lottery and the net result is that there is less money for the education programs that the moderates support. we do not need to do that. we have the most successful lottery program and the united states and we'll produce with even more money with that successful lottery that is going to our programs and hope. >> dr. hunt? >> we need to ensure all of these lottery funds are going

only to the hope programs and we do not have people -- we have special allocations for different and if we want early childhood education that helps working parents and when the child's brain is developing the most, why not include horseracing in the mix? that is our future. once again, poverty, we are going to end it through education. we can have stem schools and that will feed into college and blended schools that feed into our colleges so well. then have it so people can leave college without debt.

>> you have seen the promise of hope be broken. this was the first time in our state because of the governor's cuts to the hope scholarship, the high achieving, hard-working students that earned their way to college, many of them, are not able to go to school because they cannot afford it. that's the opposite of what we need. as a result of governor deal's policies, there are 80,000 fewer hope recipients. 80,000 people. i met one yesterday who was going to be nurse and was going to school and as a result of governor deal's cuts had to drop out. in her life, she is not getting ahead in the way that she should. that lottery fund is being mismanaged. there are $360 million in it right now that is going unused

and wasted and should be maximizing the number of people to go to school on hold. i am the only candidate with a plan to expand. >> do you agree that it is being mismanaged? >> absolutely not. you would not be see the highest return if it was being mismanaged. the statistics he repeats are statistics that the commissioner of our technical school system says is untrue and he continues to say it because it sounds good. in the three years since i came into office, we have seen a 20% increase and those in our technical colleges system will complete their courses. that is what we want. students will finish so they can get the job. if he was concerned about a young lady, he should've voted for those high demand career initiatives which included 100%

tuition for those for a nursing degree. >> governor, the average technical college student in state is having a hard time paying for it. we both know that. what you see out there, the average student is just like the woman i saw yesterday. a 28-year-old woman with kids. if you believe it is getting easier for people to go to technical school, you are not in the state living the life people are. we know it is getting harder. under your watch, the cost is rising faster here than any other state. those are real numbers. we have to do better and we can and i am the only candidate that has a plan to expand the hope scholarship for the middle class. we have to do it. the rhetoric you are providing is not going to get us there.

>> if we need to circle back, we will, but we will move on. >> the georgia lottery is always searching for new ways to raise revenue and keep up with demand for the hope. would you ever support casino style gambling? >> i do not favor racing. we have allowed the use of online purchasing of lottery tickets and lottery proceeds and we think it will produce additional revenue. we have seen the machines in many convenience stores across the state brought under the auspices of the lottery system and that is producing additional revenue. i think we have to be very cautious in our constitution as a restriction on what we could do on gambling type devices. our leadership has done a good job. they produce the highest amount

of money in education in the history of the lottery. i think they are doing a very good job. >> dr. hunt. >> one of our issues is not just the income coming in and how we allocate it but the cost of our schools. what we have is, the state that had the second-highest cost increase of all of the states in college over the past four years. we have to look at the total cost, all of these extra costs added beyond just the tuition. extra fees that is costing the people and we need to have it so people can leave college with little or no debt. that puts a big burden on them. we know how big our national debt is in this area and it can be an economic hit just like the mortgages were. we have to watch our policies

and how much the cost is of college. we need to have hope so more people can qualify. we need to make sure that harder schools have a different gpa level to keep hope schools that are easier. >> governor deal talks about the lottery corporation doing a great job. the fact is even when the lottery commission deposits revenue for education and it is not being used in pre-k. there are $360 million in wasted today above the required reserve. there are 80,000 fewer hope recipients today. everything has to be on the table. i am skeptical of casino style gambling, but i would work with the legislature to explore those options. in the legislature, i am the one who fought to ensure when the government took over those machines, the video poker

machines, i am the one who ensured that money would be put into the lottery for education fund. we have to ensure at the end of the day if we are doing anything, we are using the money wisely and investing in our people. we are not getting that right now. >> you say all things are on the table, what about the income cap of $140,000 that you were in favor of and a family that made their child would not qualify for hope? >> we have to expand and make sure we are investing every penny out of the lottery for education fund into the hope scholarship to maximize the number people able to go to college. i believe that means we have to consider needs. we have to sure there are folks out there that need it the most.

the middle class are getting left behind. the woman who cannot afford to go to school, that is a loser for our economy. we have to have those as support them. if you cannot afford every body, we have to sure maximizing the number of people go and the middle class is taken care of first. i will work with the legislature to find a balance way to consider needs and make sure we are giving the hard-working people who qualify, who get into college, a chance to get ahead and not have the door closed. >> yes or no on an income cap? >> absolutely not. he has admitted his plan would not work as he did so a couple of weeks ago. if we waited back several years ago in 2012, it would've been a bankrupt long ago. tonight for him to advocate dipping into reserves, that is where we got into trouble in the first place.

we crossed the line in 2009, dipping into reserves for the first two years before i got into office. we have now built up a reserve. >> you mischaracterized 2 things. we're not talking about dipping into the reserve. were talking about money over and above that. he is lying about my record. i have always been in favor of finding an appropriate way to consider expanding the middle class. >> if he believed in that, he would've voted for this year's budget which had $10 million for students to get 1 1% interest rate. he voted against it. >> we should not have a cap. it is the wrong type of thing. the people paying the most taxes and never getting benefits back.

we need to take care of the low and middle class without a doubt. we should increase the base level for our income tax rate starts. it should not start at a few thousand or higher. that is where we need to give them a break. every middle-class person. >> governor deal, thousands across the state and counties have cast ballots in this election. sunday voting has upset many in your party who have said they would eliminate loopholes and you said you expect lawmakers to bring some degree of uniformity in election law next session. isn't the best solution to ensure that all 159 counties, every eligible and interested voter has an opportunity to participate and the state support that?

>> i would hope every eligible and registered voter exercises their opportunity to vote. i think it is going to be an issue that the general assembly will look at because i know there've been complaints from county to county for those who allow sunday voting and those who do not. i want to make voting as easy as possible, and i believe this is an issue that deserves to be debated. it is important that we have uniformity as where you are allowed to vote and when and it should not depend on the county in which you live. >> to each of you. >> i fully support sunday voting. it is an important exercise in democracy, and i will be on the side that says if we maximize the number of people that participate, we will embrace that. it was wonderful to see the long lines outside of the polling places and i wish there were more machines. i love the excitement out there. i embrace it.

i believe it is a great a thing. i do not think we should restrict people. >> i concur with both of them. i want to add, being an engineer and nanotechnologist, we need to bring the game up to a higher level. we need to have a recordable, auditable trail on voting. there are lots of different ways we can do with electronic transactions of large amounts of money which could be applied to voting. there's also an auditable trail. our current voting machines have no auditable trail. you take the number and they're all tallied up and a number at the end and you cannot go back to individual ballots for the not knowing which person, but you have a written record to verify that our systems are working correctly. we need to have those. >> some of you are watching this debate on channel 2, and you are sending us questions on twitter.

we will take one of the questions. what is your plan to secure a bright future for the agriculture industry in georgia? >> as many of you know, my family has farmed the land of georgia for 10 generations. we farm in southwest georgia. there is a dynamic future for georgia's economy and agriculture. what we need to see is investment and expansion of processing and distribution of those agricultural commodities. we produce more blueberries that almost any other state, yet we send a huge number out of state to be distributed. if we want a vibrant agricultural economy, we can do that by investing in that

processing and distribution infrastructure. given the fact will have the biggest port on the east coast and will allow us to ask for it at our infrastructure is real and vibrant. >> governor deal? >> i did not grow up in chicago, i grew up in middle georgia. i lived on a farm and i was active in ffa growing up. i understand what farmers are faced with. i have family that have been farmers for generations. the important thing you should notice is the general assembly has worked with me. we have also created a low interest loan program for small farmers who can go as part of that process and get a loan

where they might not be able to receive that money through a traditional banking restitution. we are very cognizant that agriculture is the number one industry in the state of georgia and one of the major exports through the port of savannah, and i want to keep it that way. >> dr. hunt, please. >> what we have is an overregulated industry. we need more fairness and freedom. there are certain plants that would be great for alternative energy and new fiber sources that are illegal here, legal and other states, because of the name of the plant being the hemp plant. it has no hallucinogenic or drugs or anything related. a great plant that grows with out the chemicals that are needed. you have local farmers not being able to do things. urban farmers and small scale that cannot meet the regulations and standards put out on the large corporations in our

agricultural centers. we need to have these people that want to do the natural type of farming be more honored and freer to put out their product. we have too much government regulations in many areas that hurt our industries, and i cannot think of one that has been hurt more than agriculture. >> we're going to take a brief break, but you are going to want to come back with this as we tackle more issues. the candidates will have a chance to question each other. welcome back. the first question is from senator carter. >> do you think it is appropriate for you to take 10,000 dollars a month into your

personal bank account from a company that owes the state $74 million in back taxes? >> first of all, i own property, and we're leasing the property. i do not think there is anything wrong with that. it is not determined if they owe back taxes, but i have made it clear to the department of revenue that if they own taxes, we will collect every penny. i have asked them to refer it to an independent judge, let him hear the facts, and determine it. if they owe money to georgia, we will collect. i know that you do not really favor private business having success. you've tried to make a great deal out of that. let me assure you that what i have done with my business partner, we have worked hard for 20 years to grow a business. i put it into a blind trust. when it was recommended that we sell it, we did so. i have used my half of the money to pay business debts, as an

honorable individual would do, debts incurred as a result of the recession. >> the next question is from governor deal to dr. hunt. >> we both heard senator carter talk about his plans for funding education, and yet he voted against the largest budget increase of k-12 funding this year. we've heard him say that he supported charter schools, but did not support allowing the people of a state to vote on an amendment. had you been in the senate, would you have voted for the increased funding this year, or or would you -- and would you, or did you vote for the charter school amendment on the ballot? >> i did vote for the charter school amendment. i believe it is an important thing to have school choices and options out there, the people

can choose the different ways of being educated. as far as the budget increase, we need to be careful about that, because we have had a $2.5 billion increase in the taxes collected during your term. we want to have limited government -- that is what you ran on -- and that is what we need to have. we need to focus on limiting the government back again and use the tax dollars wisely. once again, i will point out that we can do it more effectively. there are other countries that are much more effective in teaching per dollar than we are. these are european countries where the costs sometimes higher than ours to live. let's do what is right. let's absolutely provide the best education in the country. but let's do it cost-effectively. >> the next question from andrew hunt to senator carter. >> mr. carter, you are lacking measurable things that you will achieve if you happen to be elected governor. i think this is really important.

so important that i did a pledge yesterday on social media, tweeted it to you and deals to see if you would match the pledge, because we have the most corrupt state, highest unemployment, poor education. we have excessive health care costs. we have the ninth highest tax rate in the nation. we have grown our tax revenues by more than $2.5 billion. we have high incarceration rates and is lost to the middle class of $1500 during the last four years. and we have terrible traffic in atlanta that we really have to deal with. >> listen, dr. hunt, i agree with you. we have taken this state and driven it to the bottom. but we have every ingredient in georgia to be an absolute powerhouse. i say it time and again. under the governor's leadership, the middle class is falling behind. they are losing $1500 compared to how much that median income

was when the governor took over. you have seen, repeatedly, that the state is dead last in unemployment, dead last and how fast we are recovering from the recession. it is a serious problem, and the only candidate up here who doesn't see it as a problem is governor deal. i look out of the future and i see a state -- and you will see a governor, when i am the governor. the pledge i make is this. you will have a governor that restores honesty. you will have a governor that supports and believes in the value of small business in the middle class every single day. >> once again, you have said some nice things, but there is no measurable end to those. do you want to increase it by 30 states? we are near the bottom, so we want to increase it by a lot of states.

what numbers do you want to hit? if you happen to get elected -- hopefully not, hopefully it will be me -- but if you do, i am saying that if i do not reach these things, i will not run for reelection. >> i will tell you this. i promise that i will judge success not like governor deal, based on magazine articles that say we are the number one state to do business. i will judge success on the middle-class families and whether small businesses are getting ahead. and whether our schools are getting what they need. you have heard about statistics and rankings from the candidates, and governor deal has based his entire campaign on a magazine article that says that georgia is a good place to do business. but you and i know better, and the folks at home know that what is happening in this state is not what should be. we can move forward, period. i will not be satisfied with georgia at the bottom.

we will move our state up and you'll never hear me claiming success based on magazine articles instead of real results for real people. >> here is what is fascinating. you are all talking about the economy and bringing in different pieces of information. a lot of times our viewers will say to me, how can cnbc say that georgia is the number one state to do business? we are sixth in job creation, we are tops in unemployment. you can cherry pick statistics. i will ask each of you to answer this for me. how do you reconcile statistics that, if you choose these three, it looks like georgia is healthy? if you choose these three, unhealthy? i would like to start with you, dr. hunt. >> what you have is you have people looking at it in different organizations. like area development, they reward you based on crony deals. they tax the poor and the middle

class, give it to the wealthy companies, and they give you a high-ranking. they think you are great. we know that is not right. we need different ways. some of these other people put this factor in there, how much money is the state willing to throw at getting these jobs as a part of the ranking system. and what you really have to look at is how many people do not have jobs and how many are underemployed. how many people are working part-time. that is why my job powerhouse program only rewards full-time jobs and those paying $11 an hour or more. not mandating a minimum wage, but a program of the government does not choose the winners or losers. that is the problem we have right now. >> governor deal, are we healthy or are we not? >> absolutely, we're getting healthier every day. some of the numbers you just heard are inaccurate. the average family income, the median family income, has increased every year since i have been governor.

we have seen the number of employees continue to grow. you do not get to be the sixth highest number of employees created in the last 12 months unless you're doing something right. it is not just a magazine article. and just the other day, senator carter had said that he thought that we should fire all of our economic development team because they just were not professional. within the last several days, the international economic development council has just rated the development team is number one in the country. louisiana and texas are tied for second place. the reality is that we are growing, we will continue to grow, we set the foundation for growth in our state. >> how do you reconcile these different numbers? >> i am glad you asked the question, because folks at home are hearing the discussion like

governor deal just said. our economic development office is getting awards. i believe that the people that judge the economy are the ones that are sitting at home. the people that judge our schools will talk about statistics and make it sound great and cherry pick, as you said, dustin, those statistics. the question is this, if you are sitting at home and you walk into your school, ask if it is getting what it needs from the state. the answer is no. go down to the unemployment office and look at the lines. those are real georgians, 380,000 of them looking for work today. go to small businesses and ask them are they getting what they need? the answer is no. the way we reconcile this is we have an election, and the people of georgia will decide if they want a plan for the future or stick with an economy that has taken us to the bottom.

>> i did not saying that governor deal was cherry picking, but that your campaign ads paint two very different pictures. >> i want this to go to governor deal. 34 states have passed medical marijuana law. you signed an executive order this year that would allow the georgia regents university to start clinical trials -- very limited and it has not started yet. there are several so-called medical refugees out in colorado, parents who have kids with severe seizure disorders that desperately want to come home. will you support a bill right now that would provide amnesty. >> i have met with those families and seen the children that are suffering from those seizures, and i have certainly great empathy for them. several years ago, one of my

youngest granddaughters was suffering from seizures. because i understood that, when the legislature was unable to take action, i immediately contacted the fda and worked with georgia regents university, augusta, to make sure that we could start our own clinical trials and that we would be allowed to participate in the private sector clinical trials that are coming. to answer your question, we will provide these families with every opportunity to solve the problems of the seizures of their children as long as it is safe, legal, as long as it is under the supervision of a medical doctor. >> senator carter, we saw the georgia democratic party send out a flyer saying that you

should vote democrat if you want to prevent another ferguson. >> i have not seen the flyer, but georgia is very different than ferguson, missouri. we saw a few weeks ago in savannah a tragic incident, but the credibility of the leadership in the community demonstrated that they could bring people together. and i do believe that it is important that law enforcement have credibility, that the leadership in our state have credibility in order to avoid those situations. i am very proud of the fact that this campaign has traveled to every corner of the state. just yesterday. everywhere that we go, i do not care what you look like, where you come from or anything else. folks want a new georgia that brings people together and is moving forward on education and the economy. >> senator carter, one of your economic proposals on education would allow teacher retirement

dollars be invested in local startups. some worry that that is a risky investment. how do you convince them that that is a good idea? >> teachers have every reason to be skeptical of politicians. the way they have been treated the last several years has been brutal. they had seen their employee benefits just destroyed. my wife is a teacher. i understand the pressure the teachers have been under, so i get that folks are nervous. i would never do anything that would weaken the pension fund. i would never do anything without respecting and communicating with the teachers. i do believe that access to capital is important, and it is not even on the governor's radar screen. we have to make sure that we can support our small businesses, our innovative and dynamic industries in this state, but we would not do it in any way that would jeopardize the retirement system. >> may i respond? that is certainly interesting,

because he did not say that until he got the endorsement of a major teachers organization. both of my parents were retired educators as were my wife's parents. i can assure you of one thing, they do not want their education retirement dollars invested in very sketchy investments. and i put a stop to that, two years ago when we were looking at reforming the investment portfolio. this past year we had a 17.2% return on the teachers' investment programs. i know that senator carter has received a lot of money from the venture capital group. his father is in the venture capital business. i can assure you, as your governor, i will not allow that, because i know what retired teachers depend on, and that is their retired teacher benefits and social security. >> the governor has accused me of playing politics with

education, and he has attacked my family. i will tell you this. i think that is reprehensible and that is false when he said about my father. number two, it is important to me that we do not play politics with education. but governor deal did not do a single thing to help our teachers until it threatened his reelection. every single budget until the election year cut education to the bone. and then he destroyed the benefit plan until it threatened his reelection. the teachers know where i stand. they know that we can and will do a better job for schools, and governor deal's attempt to play politics is just that, the same old stuff. >> i have met with some of the retired teachers organizations, and they are suffering from the low amount of income and no increases for five or six years. part of that is because of the economic decline and the return

on their benefits. it is nice that the economy is coming back and we had a return last year, but at the same time, a diversified portfolio is a wise and prudent thing. when you have a large enough amount of money, you want a blend of different things, including a small percentage that would go into things that give a much higher return that is needed to help keep the teachers and their retirement increase in benefits as inflation goes up. >> first of all, i did not intend to attack senator carter's family. if his father is not in the investment business, then i apologize for that. let me tell you what he has let me tell you what he has done. he has just told you that i have cut the benefits and the amount of money for public education during my first three years in office. the truth is that it increased in every year and senator carter voted for all of those budgets. it was only this year, with the largest increase in k-12 funding

has occurred that he saw fit to vote against it. all of those who went with them came back and voted for the budget. he did not. >> may i respond? we have been over this ground many times. governor deal's education budgets have underfunded education by billions of dollars every single year. this year, they underfunded them by $750 million. he is perpetuating the same shell game that has led to 9000 fewer teachers, that has led to 2/3 of the districts cutting instructional days, and he is hiding behind the state budgeting process that has caused 91 school districts since he has been governor to raise property taxes. if you want less education and higher property taxes, then governor deal's plan is working. i could not support it because we have to do better for the schoolchildren.

>> governor deal, step in because he was directly challenged. >> why didn't you offer amendments? you know it was the highest increase, and he voted against it. you say you took this about me tour, nobody that went with you voted against it because it was good. every democrat voted for it but five, including senator carter. his votes do not even represent mainstream democrats in the state. he is on the extreme liberal edge within his own party when it comes to spending your tax dollars. i do not think we can afford for that to happen. >> senator carter, dr. hunt, you will get in but they keep challenging each other. >> governor deal is angry, but the facts are this. we have underfunded education every single year. he says i had an epiphany tour.

it is better to come to grips than to have never seen the problem in the first place. governor deal would have made it all the way to damascus without an epiphany, because anybody that is out there in the schools today knows that we are not supporting the schools to the degree they need. 91 school districts have raised property taxes. i have been as fiscally conservative as anyone in the senate. the governor has mischaracterized my record tonight. i promise you, if tax increases are off the table -- we have what we need. if we can ensure accountability for atlanta to fund education. governor deal has stopped looking for answers. >> both of you have truths in what you are saying. first of all, the election-year ploy of you not voting during the biggest increase is a valid point by mr. deal. but at the same time, your underfunding is also an accurate point, because if you look back at perdue when he was governor and the percentage that went to education, look at a percentage

basis, because we have inflation over time. he is underfunding the education system from 57% down to 53% of the budget. this is something that we need to correct, but we need to be more cost-effective, and have a quality of education. we need to get rid of common core. we need to have a variety of schools and get rid of the bureaucracy and put the money back in the classroom. more teachers, less bureaucracy. >> senator carter, some of your supporters were disappointed that you voted in the so-called gun bill. why did you vote for it, and do you want to see other areas expanded, including college campuses? >> i believe that the issue of guns is an important and polarizing one in this state, and what i have done in my time in the state senate is try to bring people together to find common ground. on this issue, that is what i did. we fought hard to bring republicans and democrats together to tackle a tough issue.

i believe in the second amendment, and my record has been consistent. i do believe that we can do more to ensure that we are tackling the true problems of gun violence. and i do not believe that we should ever see guns on college campuses. >> governor deal, college campuses? >> i did not think last year was the appropriate time to take the topic up, not because of what senator carter did. i challenge you to find anybody in the assembly that would say that senator carter had any impact on the final version of the gun deal. i do have concerns for the parents that are concerned about their children who are going to class late at night, having to walk back to their cars in dangerous parts even in our capital city. i understand their concerns, because a student is an automatic target because somebody who is a criminal knows that they are not going to be armed. it is a difficult subject.

i do not believe that we need guns in areas where alcohol is being consumed, or ballgames or things of that nature. but we need to make sure that college students are not being victimized. >> if i'm in the office, i will sign into law i will not put a lot of effort into getting it passed, but i believe in the second amendment and the constitution. i am a constitutionalist, and we'd return to the liberties and freedoms. we have way too many laws and rules. people can say that this helps this or that, but it is stealing the liberties and freedoms our forefathers died for, gave up their estates for. who has the guns right now? the criminals, and we do not

have laws to stop them because they do it no matter what laws you have. it is the law-abiding citizens that we need to have protected. we need to have it so they can protect themselves, because we know the police do not protect them, they are not out there to help them. we need to have right in the state everywhere possible, but i also believe in private property limiting what is done on their property. >> it is time for closing remarks. every candidate will have one minute, and we determined the order by drawing. the first statement comes from governor deal. >> it has been an honor to represent you as your governor. tonight we have senator carter saying he believes. i too believe, but i have translated beliefs into actions. i believe that we could create a state where we could grow private sector jobs and be designated as the best state in the country to do business even in the midst of a great

recession. we have done that. as of tomorrow, 1800 jobs in the last two weeks. i believed that we could save the hope scholarship from going into bankruptcy, and we have done that. i believe that we could make sure that we have funded education properly. you have heard the statement that we are underfunding education. that is a standard that has never been met. i repeat again, in my four budgets, that represents the largest increase in k-12 funding in 50 years. i have lived up to my beliefs and put them into practice. >> next from senator carter. >> you have heard tonight, governor deal make excuses for why the state is dead last in unemployment. you have heard him say that this is the best he can do for the education system. you have heard him talk about private sector jobs, but just

last month, governor, 15,000 private sector jobs were lost in the state. we are not only, but we have everything we need to be a powerhouse. if we have a governor that recognizes the value of small business and makes education the first priority every year, we will have the georgia that we want. you have not heard governor deal say one thing about the future of the state. it has all been about his record. but, look at his record. see how it feels in your family. the bottom line is that georgia is not where it needs to be, and we can take it there with dynamic policies that take into the future instead of excuses. >> dr. hunt. >> i have been very blessed to go through this process because i have met in person with more than 30,000 georgians. i have heard what concerns you.

you have a concern about career politicians. you have the concern about too many attorneys in office. you have the concern that we are not educating our children well and there is not enough jobs. college students are saying will there be a job when i leave school? we need to correct all of that, and i have solid plans. go to my website and you will see that. a vote for hunt means a vote for jobs. it means a vote for no common core, an excellent education. a vote for hunt means that you're going to have fairness and freedom and not cronyism. we will end special interest deals. you have a choice -- a night and day choice. i am an engineer and then a technologist, and i am putting it all out for you. -- and a nano-technologist, and i am putting it all out for you.

>> this concludes the debate for georgia governor. please joined me next sunday, 11 a.m., when will be hearing from the candidates for senate. we will have up to the minute results. we will see you again tonight on the action news nightly at 11:00. >> in north carolina, incumbent senator kay hagan is in a close where -- race for reelection against thom tillis. we spoke to a reporter about the contest. that from the washington times this morning. one of the key senate races is out of north carolina. jim morrill joins us on the phone. where does the race stand? .aller: good morning thir

about even. there are two polls who have showing a dead heat. we have seen more tv ads -- showing no signs of letting up in the last week. host: what is driving them to the polls in every state across the country. north carolina, what are the issues? caller: it depends on who you talk to. on the republican side, trying to make president obama the issue. the threat of isis and threat of ebola. hagan is trying to

assemblyation, federal the issue. it's like a mirror image of each other. host: you have this headline from one of the recent stories. hillary clinton and kay hagan make appeal to women during a recent charlotte rally. why women? are a big factor in this race. enjoyed the gender gap favoring her. women vote more often and more regularly than most people here. they make up a bigger share of registered voters. that could make a difference

host. host: what about older voters in north carolina? when impact could they have? caller: they could have a pretty significant impact, too. the early data i've seen from early voting says the average age of voters was a bit older. older than it had been during the presidential race. which would tend to favor the republicans, i think. although more democrats have voted earlier this point. typically favor republicans. host: and white voters. what about the white vote? thom tillis is going to win that. showed -- kay hagan

needs more than that. this race is going to be out the margins. women and older voters, african-american voters and young voters. yet to get those people out of the margins. kay hagan has had hillary clinton. perry.llis had rick will that have an impact? caller: it fires up the bases. you had. and our governor -- you had rick perry and our governor. today, he is in charlotte with senator mccain and lindsey graham. tomorrow, mitt romney. kay hagan hasthat is firing up c

base. host: what are you watching for in the closing days? surprises.e october thedoing a story about campaign within a campaign aimed at african-american voters on the radio. there are some pretty inflammatory ads on both sides in that area. host: we will be watching. >> president obama spoke about the u.s. response to the ebola virus today and said that health care workers treating ebola patients should be appl auded. then, government official talk about cyber security. new jersey income and senator cory booker debates jeff bell.

longtime washington press executive editor ben bradlee died last week. the watergate story during the nixon administration. his funeral will be tomorrow and we will have live coverage starting at -- 11 a.m. eastern on c-span. president obama said the u.s. cannot shy away from the fight against the ebola virus. the president made the remarks today before leaving for a fund-raising trip to wisconsin. he spoke for 10 minutes. >> good afternoon, everybody. i does want to offer a quick update on ebola and the issues that have been raised. we know the best way to protect americans is to stop this at the source. i just had the privilege of speaking with some of the men

and women who are working to do just that. our disaster assistance response team on the ground in west africa. the first and foremost, i thank them for their dedication and compassion. these are the folks that from the minute we saw this outbreak growing larger than we had seen traditionally were deployed, on the ground, and helping coordinate the countries where the outbreak is happening to make sure the response was effective. it is typical of what america does best. when others are in trouble, when diseases strikes, americans help. no other nation is doing as much to make sure we contain and eliminates this outbreak than america. we deployed the team in august. they are now the strategic and

operational backbone of america's response. they have increased the number of treatment units and expanded the pipeline of medical personnel and equipment and supplies, they have launched an education campaign and the bottom line is they are doing what it takes to make sure medical personnel and health care workers from all countries have what they need to get the job done. and the good news is it is starting to have an impact, based on the conversations i had today with them, they are starting to see some progress in liberia and the infrastructure is beginning to get built out. that is thanks to the work and dedication of folks from the united states who are leading the way helping liberia and it is critical we maintain that leadership. the truth is we are going to have to stay vigilant here at

home until we have stopped the epidemic at its source. we need to make sure our doctors and health care professionals are properly trained and informed and they are coordinated if and when a case crops up in the united states. what is also important is making sure all of the talent, skill, compassion and dedication and experience of our folks here can be deployed to help those countries deal with this outbreak at the source. that is why the cdc announced we're going to have new monitoring guidance that is based in science and tailored to the circumstances of each health worker that may be returning from one of these countries after they have provided the help they need.

in fact tomorrow i'm going to meet with doctors and workers who have returned from fighting this disease or who are about to go, not only to say thank you to them, but to make sure we are getting input from them based on the science and based on experience about how the battle to deal with ebola is going and how our policies can support the incredible heroism they are showing. so we do want to discourage our health care workers from going to the front lines and dealing with this. our medical teams here are getting better and better prepared for the possibility of an isolated case in the united states. in the meantime, we've got to make sure we provide the support of health workers who are going overseas to deal with the disease where it has been raging.

it is also important that only two people so far have contracted ebola on american soil. the dallas nurses who treated a patient who contracted it in west africa. both of them are disease-free. i met with one of them last week. she is doing wonderfully. and i just had a chance to get off the phone with amber vinson, who is on her way back home and also, as many of you saw in her press statement today, is doing well also. of the seven americans treated for ebola so far, all have survived. right now the only american still undergoing treatment is craig spencer, who contracted the disease while working to protect others.

we should be saluting his service and we are focused on getting him the best care possible as well and our thoughts are with him. meanwhile, the nations of senegal and nigeria have been declared ebola-free in part because outstanding work led in many cases by americans, working in coordination with those countries to make sure we did not see an outbreak. so the point is this disease can be contained and it will be defeated. progress is possible. but, we're going to have to stay vigilant and we've got to make sure we are working together. we have to keep leading the global response because other people are watching what we do. and if we don't have robust international response in west africa then we are actually

endangering ourselves back home. in order to do that, we've got to make sure those workers who are willing and able and dedicated to go over there and do the tough job, that they are applauded and supported that should be the priority. we can make sure when they come back they are being monitored in a prudent fashion. but we want to make sure we understand they are doing god's work over there. they are doing that to keep us safe. and i want to make sure every policy we put in place is supportive of their efforts because if they are successful, we are not going to have to worry about ebola at home. america is not defined by fear. that is not who we are. america is defined by possibility and when we see a problem and a challenge, we fix it. we don't just react based on our fears.

we react based on facts and judgment. and making smart decisions. that is how we have built this country and sustained this country and protected this country. that is why america has defined progress. we are not afraid when challenges come up. thanks to our military, our health care professionals, the men and women i spoke to today in west africa, that leadership and progress continues. we are going to keep on making progress and we are going to solve this problem, just like we have solved every other problem. it starts with having the confidence and understanding as challenging as this may be, this is something we will get fixed. in large part because we've got extraordinary americans with experience, talent, and dedication who are willing to

put themselves on the frontlines to get things done. i will have more to say about this tomorrow when i have them here. i want to emphasize how proud i am of the people who are involved in this effort and how confident i am after speaking with them we will get this problem under control. thank you. >> confusion between the quarantine rules and by some states? >> the military is in a different situation obviously because they are first of all not treating patients. second of all, they are there non-voluntarily. it is part of their mission which has been assigned to them by their commanders and by me, the commander-in-chief. we don't expect to have similar rules for the military as we do for civilians. they are by definition under more circumscribed conditions.

when we have volunteers who are taking time from their families and loved ones to go over there, because they have expertise, to tackle this difficult job, we want to make sure when they come back, we are prudent and that we are making sure they are not at risk themselves or at risk of spreading the disease. we don't want to do things that are not based on science and best practices because if we do, they are putting another barrier on somebody who is doing important work on our behalf. that is not something any of us should want to see happen. thank you, guys.

washingtonext journal, a look at the recent drop in gas prices. our guest is wall street journal reporter nick timiaraos. and the role of national security issues in the midterm elections. as part of our spotlight on wardsine series, hayley ed on a recent cover story about how millionaires from silicon valley are using their money to influence education policy. plus, your e-mails and tweets. washington journal's live every

morning at 7 a.m. eastern on c-span. tomorrow at the heritage foundation, a panel looks at jobs, economic opportunity in how social and economic factors influence americans chance at success. live coverage on c-span at 12:30 p.m. eastern. the 2015 c-span studentcam video competition is underway. open to all middle school and high school students to create a documentary on the three branches and you showing how the three branches of the federal government has affected you or your community. are 200 cash prizes totaling $100,000. of for a list of the rules and how to get started, go to studentcam.org. >> next, a on cyber security threats and challenges. we will hear from nsa director admiral mike rogers.

later, senators dianne feinstein and chambliss take questions about cyber security. the u.s. chamber of commerce hosted this conference. much.nk you very i want to start by thanking you and the chamber. your proactive leadership on this topic, i think, is second to none and i think you are doing a great service for the global community. do is very to briefly provide a private sector view on the environment -- the in borings of information sharing and the obstacles we face and a call to action before introducing admiral rogers. let me start with something everybody well understands. the range of attacks we have experienced in the private sector is really unprecedented and getting worse by the day. the volume and sophistication of

attacks is only showing signs of acceleration. simplyublished success encourages new entrance and bolder moves. threat actors from social activists, cyber criminals with a range of objectives from disruption, intellectual property theft, financial crime and th destructive intent. cyber criminal activities in particular have simply exploded. while one at a time, the impacted individuals, companies collectively represent potential threats to the country if they continue to build the way they are building and if they become more orchestrated. imagine the top 10 retailers attacked at the same moment. the top 10 financial service companies attacked at the same moment and the impact on the confidence in our economy. if the capabilities

that today are pointed towards financial criminal activities start to turn towards a destructive intent. it is a very sobering concern for us. now, we each in the private sector have a range of of cyberies in terms protection and continue to invest. we probably spend more than $2 billion in the u.s. across the financial sector in cyber protecting the perimeter to protecting data loss, insider threats. of a continued to invest in our capabilities, but i would like to use the analogy. think of the company as a fort. we have to know when we are under attack. at the same time, it is incredibly valuable to know when a neighbor's forte is under attack or when the adversaries are marshaling their forces in a forest getting ready to attack. when they are back in the home country, building weaponry to attack the fort.

my view, probably the best control that any company can have is transparency around what is happening around us with our sector and with the government. thenother way, i believe lowest-cost, highest value control is information sharing. it has the best roi of any investment anybody can make in the system of cyber's protection. one companies detective moment can become an entire sectors defense or cross sector defense. further, no one entity can stand alone. not a single business, sector, law enforcement, intelligence community. each brings added insight. i believe the whole is greater than some of its parts and that is to protect individuals, businesses. customers, business, law

intelligence, homeland security working together to protect our customers interest, business interest, critical national infrastructure and the country. further, while i do believe information sharing is in the best interest for each of us in believenesses, i also that we have a moral obligation as socially responsible enterprises to share and not to consider our cyber insights as a source of competitive advantage that some companies look at that way. effectively sharing cyber information actually is not easy at all. there is a fair amount of information that does get shared. there is information sharing, but it is slow, relationship and trust-based, very variable within and across industries or the government and there are range of optical's. the first obstacle for the private sector is that we are simply in many cases unable to

share cyber information due to potential legal liabilities that may occur. you think about what if somebody ask on information that we have shared, we share in good faith but by acting, they cost some harm? on the flipside, if we share information but a good faith of companies don't act on that information because they have a basis for not acting, the liability in both instances is so substantial form and risk perspective that it completely stands in the way of information sharing. there are too many vehicles for information sharing. it is variable, well intended, a bit chaotic and hardly complete. cifct, the physics, fusion centers. company to company, fbi, treasury, homeland security, secret service. all of those occur in some moment or another.

there well intended, very appreciated from the private sector, but sometimes they are conflicting, sometimes very inconsistent in him was information sharing happens real time. the third obstacle i would say from the private sector perspective is the government over classifies. what a shared at the secret level is very rarely actionable. not enough private sector employees have clearances above the secret level where more of the actual information resides. contrast what we get in open-source intelligence. thinking about the last two days. yesterday, you would've seen some information about a new watering hole attack that has been out there called scan box. we get what are indicators of compromises which we can act on. last night, detail was released on an open-source context about a new purported chinese apt

attack called axiom. what comes with the open source is actionable intelligence, something we can do something about which is not relativevent. i will call to action. on the private sector, -- for those of you from the private sector, support legislation that is out there on information sharing. i would support either of the two bills that are out there. they're opening up the volume and the capability of sharing. it is the highest roi opportunity in the system of cyber defense. call out to things. there should be liability protection both for acting and not acting. the second thing i would say is very clearly information can and will be anonymized. there is a reason not to anonymize. it could address privacy concerns very effectively. for the private sector, if you are not in one of the isac's.

in one, youot should join one. if you are in one, you should be very active. there is a very uneven level of contribution in terms of information sharing. we need your insight. i would calling you to do the same. for the public sector, call to action for my perspective is pass the information sharing legislation. also, we need a better process to get private sector clearances secret or to make sure intelligence is more actionable at the secret level. what we really need is a systematized construct for how information is shared. frequency, format, actionable substance and close to real-time as we can make it. coordinators across intelligence agencies and the private sector. that is a view from the private sector. it is now my privilege to introduce admiral rogers. in april of this year, admiral

assumed the post of director of cyber command and chief of central security service. you have his biography in your package but he served as commander of the u.s. fleet cyber command and the navy's u.s. 10th fleet. ince becoming a flag officer 2007, he has served as the director of intelligence for both the joint streets of -- joint chiefs of staff and u.s. pacific command with over 30 years of service. he has extensive experience in the intelligence gathering, computer network defense and information warfare. i've shared this with the admiral as he was coming in. i actually met him in 2012 very briefly at a cyber security conference at west point. the theme of the conference was actually public-private collaboration and the role of the sector in defense of the nation. my impression of the vice

admiral was we set next to each other for maybe 30 or 45 minutes the morning of that event. i thought back on the experience to try to convey the sense that i took away from that short moment. i would tell you is this -- having not had at that time a lot of private sector experience, he was very inquisitive about the private sector. he asked a lot of questions. he was a very active listener. he seemed to have an appetite to learn about the challenges based in the private sector and to contemplate the opportunities for collaboration. senseo conveyed purpose, of purpose, belief in his mission and a clam sense of command. what was interesting as i reflected is what came away for me in that moment which i think would be reinforced from what you will hear today is the admiral is very committed to public-tried partnerships and is a very strong advocate of

information sharing and partnering with the private sector. please join me in welcoming admiral mike rogers. [applause] >> good afternoon. how is everybody today? that i will speak what you're eating but please keep eating. you have about 50 minutes or so. i will speak for about 15 minutes and give a few thoughts from my perspective. i really interested in an exchange with all of you because i am curious as to the perspective that you bring to this issue. talking toral rogers the chamber of commerce? and to the private sector about the idea of cyber security? because as you of her mark, one of my takeaways in the 10 years or so i have been involved in cyber is that cyber is the

ultimate team sport. if we are going to make this work, it is about creating a true integrated team and a set of partnerships that will make this a reality. that there is no one single technology that will enable us to give and see percent security of our systems. there is no single entity that has all the answers. nor is there one single group or entity capable of executing the solutions that we need to do. it takes all of us working together. before i get into what i think we need to do to work together, let me start out by thanking the chamber very much both for your kind invitation today but more importantly, for the dialogue that over time you have been a part of in helping to facilitate. talkis all about trying to to each other about how we can figure a way ahead here. mark, thank you very much for your kind words.

as aimportantly to me, senior business leader, i want to thank you for your openness. for your sense that cyber security is a direct impact and concern to the leadership of corporations. i will tell you -- it doesn't matter if it is a military command within the department of defense, whether it is a private company i am talking to, i can tell which organizations have leadership buy in in which those that don't. if you don't have leadership, you are fighting with one hand behind your back. all of you here today with us who play a role of leadership within the business community or in the government, i thank you for your willingness to spend some time in your busy lives on this important topic because as leaders, it is up to us to help drive the change that i think we need. this is much less about technology to me and much more about changing our culture.

traditionally, in our nation, we have tended to view the private sector in one arena. the government and another. and the whole question of national security as something that is a part from that. the linent would be between those three groups and viewpoints. i view the cyber security challenges we are facing as a nation as a national security issue for us. goingere we as a nation to addressing the challenge that is not going to go away? if we think this is a short-term phenomena either of short duration or of relatively minor impact over time, i would argue we have missed the boat. i see this both extending for a significant period of time and it will have greater and greater impact on us both within a corporate sector, within the public sector.

u.s. cyber command, one or more jobs is to defend the department's networks -- dod. we are dealing with the same challenges. every day, there are individuals, groups and nationstates attempting to penetrate our dod networks. it is the same thing we are seeing in the corporate world. you may ask yourself what is it admiral doing talking to us? i come here wearing two different hats both related and both applicable to this idea of separate security. the first as commander, we have three missions which is applicable. the first mission is to defend the department networks. the second mission is to generate the cyber mission called the cyber team that the department will use to execute its missions over time. the third one and the one that really brings me here today is if directed by the president or

secretary, u.s. cyber command is tasked with providing protection and support to attack against critical u.s. infrastructure. i have to be ready if i get an order of how we will partner with our teammates because if there was one thing you learned in the military, you do not wait until the day of the crisis to say to yourself i guess we better do some training with each other or i guess we better understand what our partners need and what they don't need and what is effective for them and not. we are in the midst of working collaboratively with the department of homeland security, fbi teammates, ourselves, other elements of the government depending on the sector. we are in the process of partnering on how we are going to work through the details of how we are going to exercise and train with each other so that when we are in the middle of the crisis, we can really make this work in real time. -- theond hat die where national security agency which has gone the most attention over the last 18 months or so -- has

two primary missions. we talked a lot about one of those missions -- the foreign intelligence mission. nsa uses its foreign intelligence capabilities to attempt to understand what nationstates, groups, individuals are doing in the cyber arena against the united states. the other mission that nsa has is information assurance. nsa is tasked of the the information assurance mission not only defending the department of defense systems as well is helping to develop the standards for systems. we do it with the federal government and increasingly, we find yourselves called on by our dhs and fbi teammates to provide capabilities to support the private sector. that is not going to slow down. that will increase. you can pick up a newspaper, you can get on your favorite website, you can blog on whatever particular interest -- you can do whatever media outlet

that you find is the best source. every day, you will find something about a major cyber incident. this is not a short-term phenomena. later today, you'll hear from senators feinstein and chambliss. i think the role they are playing is attempting to generate legislation to help the private sector deal with the very real and legitimate concern about legal liability. that is critical for us. help address don't that very legitimate concern that i think for many of you, many of you in the private sector that is a real challenge for you, for timely information sharing. fbi, in aector of the private life, he was general counsel of the largest brokerage firm in the united states. i will als. i will often ask him -- when you

were a lawyer, what was your recommendation? what advice were you giving? hedoesn't hide the fact that would oh is tell them to be very mindful about the liability. that you have to be very careful and if you're not, potentially, the corporation is going to be setting themselves up for major financial liabilities and potentially impact on market share and business and the image. addressgot to help those concerns. what we have to get to israel automated real-time, interface. we need to define in advance what information we are going to share. i do not want privacy information in this because it creates challenges for me. anytime as are

dealing with privacy information for u.s. citizens, i have very specific restrictions on what i can or cannot do. is we do nothis want privacy information here. that will slow us down. that is not what the focus of cyber security is. what we need to share with each other is i need to be a low provide from the government what i ought to be able to provide is actionable information that you can use, that gives you insight as to what is the malware you are going to see, how will it come out you, what are the indicators you should be looking for in advance that will suggest to you that activity of concern is coming? i ought to help you identify who is coming after you. iat i need from all of you is am not in your system nor do you want us there. i want to understand what the malware you are seeing.

what have you done with your system configurations that have worked and what did not work? what did you anticipate, what did you not? collectively between us, we need to share this across the entire sector because as you heard mark say which i agree with, the inside of one could translate to the defense of many. that is a great value for us as a nation and we need to come up with a system that enables us to do this in a real-time way. the only way to do that in my mind is the legislation you will talk about later today as well as sitting down in a partnership and walking through exactly what elements of information are you comfortable with sharing. what do you feel you need from us, the government, and likewise i would like to have the same conversation with you. here are the elements of conversation that would help us and here is what we are comfortable with sharing. i have got to do this in a way that you can actually use

it. that is not going to help anybody. we will be working our way to that process. the key to it will be dialogue. the sector construct that has been developed over time is very powerful. than thee not engaged sector construct whatever area of business you are in -- i would urge you to consider doing that. that helps us because we have a framework within a particular sector that we can deal with. we have tried at times to simultaneously work across sectors. that has proven to be, katie on what is -- complicated. some sectors would not apply it to themselves or they are not interested in that and that is not how we are constructed. the sector piece has been very powerful. i think one of the things we need to do as a government is

simplify this. peersonstantly telling my at the senior levels that we have created a structure that is so complex that if you are outside the government, it is incredibly cumbersome and difficult to understand. if we are honest with ourselves. that is not because people are not working hard and not because they are not motivated to do the right thing. it is because we have tended to do this incrementally over time. i think we need to fundamentally look at how we structure the government side in a comprehensive way that makes it easier for you. at the same time, makes it easier for us because many times right now, this information sharing is based on personal relationships, personal knowledge, limited awareness. i know this but i don't know what else is out there. that is true for all of us.

we have got to try to simplify that. that is one of the areas we will be working on. -- ithat, i really want tend to use questions as a way to make some broader points. i am much more interested on what is on your mind. if you are ready, ms. ann. >> we have collected some questions earlier. >> can i steal one of the waters? >> absolutely. there you go, sir. we collected questions from the audience earlier. we will go to the audience as well. get your questions ready. we have microphones that will come to you. if you could just identify yourself and what company you are with before you ask your question, that will be great. one of the things we have been talking a lot about is how do we punish those bad actors that are stealing companieyies' it. some companies are becoming more

activelythe need to defend themselves against cyber attacks in the absence of private support. is this something they should view or exclusively the responsibility of the government? >> we have a legal framework. we have seen five individuals from in nationstate being indicted. we have a legal framework for how we as a nation address criminal activity. i often get asked this question about cyber mercenaries. should we go out as a private sector and hire individuals to conduct with the military calls offensive operations to try to stop through the use of nationstates, groups or individuals from conducting these attacks against us? that ishat is something a broader policy issue so we will work our way through it. be very careful about going down that road.

you can potentially open you up for a whole new range of obligations -- cop location -- omplications. thing about the legal implications. i will be the first to admit i am not the smartest one about it. i will learn you to be very careful about going down that road. >> how to the so-called bad actors? >> that is when this partnership becomes very powerful because that information sharing between us about who is the attribution? based on our confidence and knowledge of that, is there options that is available to us? information sharing, increased knowledge gives us a greater option to consider. >> talking about definitions. we have the different domains. doesf the questions was the defense department have a definition for what constitutes use of force in cyberspace and

will that definition be the same for activities in cyberspace and those for other nations as well? >> we have a legal definition under the law of armed conflict and the law of warfare as to what is a military act if you will. we are working our way through a policy debate about what is the extension of those rules to the cyber arena. we have definitions for what is offensive versus what is defensive response actions. is as ader issue society where try to come to grips with we feel this activity directed against corporate networks, governmental networks, private individuals. what is the right response? i think the broader issue is what is the right response to this? what i hope we can develop over time is a set of norms and rules

that get us into an area where we have a much better definition of what is acceptable and not and even the idea of deterrence. right now, if you are a nationstate, a group, an individual, my assessment is that most come to the conclusion that it is incredibly low risk that there is little price to pay for the actions they are taking. i am not saying i agree with that but i believe that most look at it and in light of that feel they can be pretty aggressive. that is not in our best interest in the long term as a nation for others to have that perception. we need to try to change that over time. >> one more. if you have a question, please raise your hand and we will bring a microphone to you. we have one right here. tom from eei. can somebody bring him a microphone? i will ask mine first then.

one of the things we were talking about this morning was the chinese issue and russia as well. it was mcafee that conducted a survey of cyber experts around the world. they asked americans who do you fear most and american said the chinese. every other country said americans. what are your thoughts on that? >> what we are clearly articulated as a nation like every nation in the world, we use a broad range of tools to better understand. the biggest issue we have raised is in the cyber arena, we don't use the power of the nationstate did you cyber as a tool to gain insight into foreign, private competition to then share with the private sector in the u.s. to gain a competitive advantage. we do not do that. many other nations in the world do.

some publicly acknowledge it, some do not. we have been very vocal with our chinese counterparts. we view this as a concern and behavior that is fundamentally incompatible with the relationship we want with the chinese. we continue to work from a policy perspective. you have seen the legal action we have taken. my only argument would be i certainly understand as an intelligence individual. we are subject to more oversight and rightfully so because it is the way we are structured. we have more oversight congressionally and legally than most of my counterparts around the world. that is not a complaint. that has served us incredibly well because as a nation we want to be comfortable with what we are doing and why we're doing it. i view that as a strength for us. >> thank you. tom?

>> i am tom from the electric power sector and formerl navy lieutenant. >> i knew that you were a good man. >> and the electric sector, we have a ceo led effort going on with the department of energy and the homeland security, with the electric sector coordinating council. we are focusing on tools and technologies and providing some good detection technologies. i think we have a lot of good information sharing going on. hopefully, the technologies will help us get the machine to machine stuff going. ones, since you are from the military and i think one thing we don't do that well in the private sector is the actual drilling and exercising of the response and recovery plans. i'm wondering if you might give your thoughts about how we might

be able to do that more often. obviously, with the participation of our sister agencies in the government, it is a very important part of that equation. >> first, it reminded me. one of the things i hear in the power sector -- i was down in san antonio talking to merck last week. one of the challenges i think in the power sector and what i often hear from corporate leaders is you need to understand some of the constraints we work on. we are regulated industry. in order for us to generate income to make some of the changes we feel we need to do, we need to go to a regulatory body and make an argument. our citizens are interested in increased power rates as a vehicle to generate more money to address cyber security and our regulatory bodies share this concern.

first, my thanks to the power sector for within those constraints try to push this as hard as we can. i have some real concerns in this arena. of idea of the kind about how we can train and practice with each other -- one of the things i have said both internally within the department of defense as well as the private sector, individuals and organizations i deal with, we have got to move from a focus where almost all the resources to focus on stopping someone penetrating our networks to in knowledge meant that there is a likelihood that despite our best efforts, we are going to fail and therefore remediation and mitigation starts to become critical. i have had to defend networks against a determined opponent who got inside the network. it is one of the best fights i ever had in my 33 years as a commissioned officer. it really was each of us trying to anticipate what we are going to do, how they thought we were

going to respond, and us driving them away. one of the takeaways i told our team in the department was we have got to learn how to continue to operate a network even if you are fighting to defend it. often times around here, when the answer is just shut down. i am like you have to be kidding me? you know what function does network execute day-to-day? do you know what this does on our ability to execute our mission? i will not take mission failure just by shutting down. that is not the answer in most cases. i think we need to shift to a focus on remediation and mitigation -- how you fight through a network that has been compromised. areof the things we'll we trying to do is on a sector by sector basis. how can we look at doing that? in of the things i have said

these exercises, this court nation should not be done -- coordination should not be done at my level. where we generate valley is the level where men and women are actually doing their work. that is what we have to get to. it is not myself, cabinet heads, agency heads meeting with ceos. not that that is not a part of it but that is not the level we need to get to. we need to get to an actionable level. i am always looking to the private sector -- how can we help with that and what is the right level for you? what is actionable level mean for you? i know what that means in the department of defense, the government that i don't know what that means in your structures. i would be curious about what you think, tom. >> what it means is really at all levels because on hurricane response, for example, we are pretty good with response and recovery and have a good resource system program. companies come to help each weer and hurricane sandy,

got together in army of sick the 7000 people from all around the country. with the help of the military to get that done. at that level, it is important to have that. the other part of it is during a cyber attack, there will be a lot of things happening in terms of coordination at the highest level of the government in terms of media congressional interest or governors are other folks. there has to be a lot of coordination. they are couple of different tabletops that have to be done. one that would maybe practice coordinating some of those activities as well. >> i apologize if i came across as not embracing that. it is such a multifaceted problem. they are so many different levels and complexities to this.

we have step back and look at this holistically. it is not just a technical piece. i see so many people just want to focus on the technical piece. we had to think much bigger than this. >> following up on that, more of the human component. we were talking about back as 1994, time magazine wrote a story about the internet. no one heard about the internet. they put it on their cover and described what it was. when you think about it, all the terms that have come into our vernacular, twitter, youtube, blogging and tweeting, what will be the next generation of cyber threats we will face? >> i think the next arena will be the digital handheld device. exploding init is its application and use. increasingly, whether it is for business, the military, whether it is us as individuals, look at the series of actions and steps

you are taking in your everyday life, corporate, government or individual that increasingly is becoming the norm. that is the area i look to in about 5, 10 years, that is what concerns me. we tend to focus on fixed networks. -- thoserporate-based aren't going to go away but the handheld digital is the next area of concern. >> the internet of things, the wearables. >> i consider the internet of things part of that. >> question right over here. wait until we bring you a microphone. >> i apologize, i can't see you so well. >> i hear the lights are pretty bright in your eyes. i am susan