>> these were some of the experiences of millions of black people including one woman named fannie lou hamer. [cheering] born to a sharecropping family in rural mississippi, she worked on a farm for the first 44 years of her life, toiling under the on justices -- the injustices of jim crow. >> but when the civil rights movement came to her town, instead -- it stirred in her a desire for something better. from that point on, from that point on, something took hold of

her. >> a light anything but ordinary. >> she endured harassment and physical threats. despite all that, she registered to vote. and for that, she lost her job. >> then she helped others register to vote. and for that, she was arrested, and severely beaten to death on the jailhouse cell floor. >> by cheap -- but she pressed on. she became one of the founders, one of the leaders of the mississippi freedom democratic party. [cheering] >> they came to the democratic convention in 1964 to protest

the disenfranchisement of african americans and the absence of any blacks in the mississippi delegation. >> there before millions watching on television, she spoke of her ordeal. she gave a voice to all of us who wanted more, who dreamed up the possibility of better days. she reminded us of our basic values and our purpose. she helps this nation find its way again. >> 40 years later we stand before the most diverse convention in the history of the democratic party. [cheering]

more african-american, asian-american, native american, and latinos are here than ever before. [cheering] any lou hamer's single decision to stand up and be counted brought us here. [cheering] >> she guided us out of the wilderness of death threats and disenfranchisement of lynching and literacy tests of segregation and second-class status. one woman from mississippi did this. one voice lifted so many, all others. >> tonight we pay tribute to fannie lou hamer. [cheering]

>> yes. we honor her courage, her strength and her refusal to settle for anything less than what was right. fannie lou hamer. [cheering] >> on the next "washington journal," a look at factors that could determine economic growth in 2015, including job creation trend. our guests are robert graboyes and it leaves -- and elise gould. we will discuss global conflict spots.

"washington journal" is live every morning at 7:00 a.m. eastern. the 114th congress convenes in a little over a week. here's a look at some of the numbers. republicans will have 247 members. the largest gop majority since 1928. there will be 188 democrats. the new congress will be the first with 100 female lawmakers. of the 84 women in the house, 24 will be republican. the senate will have a total of six republican women compared to 14 who are democrat. among the women is the love of utah the only republican african-american women to serve in the house. >> to 114th congress gavels in this tuesday at noon. watch live coverage on c-span.

track the gop led congress and have your say as events unfold on the c-span network. new congress, best access, at c-span. >> now, the presentation of the 2014 jfk profile in courage award. laura bush accepted the award on behalf of her grandfather. president kennedy's grandson presented the award in place of his mother. caroline kennedy schlossberg is certainly in japan. also honored all bridges, the former mayor of georgia. the event's 20 minutes.

>> jack is the son of investor caroline kennedy and that's schlossberg and the grandson of president kennedy. he just drove in after finishing his final exams so he can now officially say he is a senior at yale. some people after you take final exams, some students wearing about the result of those exams. it is jail and jack is not worried. [laughter] when jack is not writing all caps about our honorees for "usa today" and "the huffington post," he writes for the "yale herald" and serves as a volunteer emt. like his grandfather he is no shrinking violet. he let all of us know, including the chair, exactly what he

thought about generational gaps, and gender and diversity. very helpful. [laughter] he has taken on his work with wisdom, with gusto. we are very fortunate that he is willing to serve. ladies and gentlemen is my great privilege to introduce jack's lost berg -- jack schlossberg. [applause] >> thank you ken. if you ever want my criticism on anything, just give me the word. on behalf of my family, i welcome you here today. my mother usually presents this but i know she would like to say our he got tell -- to say

arigatou. it has always been a proud day for my family to celebrate my grandfather's memory to hear stories from my uncle teddy and to honor his legacy. president kennedy once said a nation reveals itself not only by the minute produces by also -- but also by the minute honors. he looked to the past, two examples of courageous men and women, who made sacrifices for democratic ideals as we welcome the challenges. we honor his memory by getting this award. we celebrate courage today in a moment of profound change in challenge, in a world gripped by partisan gridlock and inaction. all too often our political discourse punishes those who are brave enough to take principled stands and attack those who forgot self interest for the greater good. we have always needed creative

leaders and as president kennedy wrote, it is on national issues, on matters of conscience that the test of courage is presented. this award honors the politicians who have passed that test. today, we celebrate too courageous man and we add them to the list of politicians who may difficult choices and acted on behalf of the greater good. in 2000 nine, paul bridges knocks on every door when he ran for mayor. no other stranger, and he asked for their votes because he wanted to make his town a fairer place. as mayor he faced a tough choice when in 2011, the legislature passed a law that threaten the local farm economy and promised to separate undocumented parents, children, brothers, and sisters from their families. the law authorized police officers to demand documentation

during routine stops. it restricted access to public facilities and services for people without legal immigration status. bridges realized the law would separate families he knew, families that were part of the fabric of the community, and that he would no longer be able to give documented friend and neighbor a ride. he would have to break with this party, and with much of his constituency, to oppose the law he believed was unjust. he summoned the political courage to do what was right at the price of his own future to stop the implementation of the bill. when his stance was attacked by anti-immigration groups, he became the unlikely stage for the national debate over immigration reform. bridges lost his support and reelection became impossible but when his term ended, his commitment to just and where -- despite his best efforts you.

this courageous stance symbolizes that have of courage my grandfather admired. he wrote, a man does what he must in spite of personal consequences and obstacles and dangers and pressures. that is the basis of all human morality. it is my honor to present the john f. kennedy profile encourage award to paul w bridges. [applause] >> good morning. to be here with people -- it is

incredible to be here, thank you very much for allowing me to be here. members of the john f. kennedy profile encourage award committee staff as distinguished guests, it is a privilege to be here with you. thank you for this moment. i want to thank my family and friends for being here in boston for this special day, especially my partner rebecca and by three wonderful children, paul, cameron, and leah. thank you for your support. i am truly humbled by this honor. what frankly i am still in disbelief. i haven't quite recovered from the shock of a young man calling me on my cell phone is telling me he is resident kennedy's grandson. [laughter] i will never forget the intense emotion of that moment when i realized the magnitude of what jack was offering me.

to consider that a kennedy, a member of the family that my own emily loved and cherished and admired, called me forward to recognize me from among true heroes and courageous people. it just goes beyond my ability to come brand. that im here, thank you. -- but i am here, thank you. i was here when john f. kennedy was inaugurated and said ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country. how incredible that me, the 10th child of 12, born to dirt poor farmers, was chosen for this recognition. it just doesn't happen. we had a potbelly stove in the kitchen. as a child my dad and family farmed our 55 acres with two mules. my chores were to feed the mules

and the hogs and we had a single cow. [laughter] we didn't have indoor plumbing, or even running water. but we did have lively conversation, particularly about politics. that he was a southern democrat and would complain it wouldn't do any good to go vote because mama would be in the booth next to him telling his vote. we were poor, but close-k nit. i was a member of the first fully integrated graduating class. i saw firsthand our countries institutionalized racism. i the long-term damage caused by segregation. how fortunate that i have the experience, the power, and the richness that comes with the diversity. it is good to know diversity. in 1989, i met mario living in

a single trailer with a host of others working in the onion field and building up time straw. that we didn't speak each other's language, we were instant friends and he remains my closest friend to this day. 's youngest calls the grandpa -- his youngest calls me grandpa. 's older daughter is here with us -- his older daughter is here with us. [applause] 13 years ago, mario moved to the united states with his wife and four-year-old daughter and seven-year-old son. on their journey, they were held, locked in a basement with only the clothes on their back. as a parent, i cannot imagine the terror of traveling through the desert, separated from your young children. asked my parents before me, i do understand the passion and desire to make a better life or my children -- for my children

and make sure they have a better education and better opportunities than i did. that they are happy and free to be the very best that life offers to them. while i am honored to receive this award i know in my heart that it does not take courage to speak the truth. just a profound sense of injustice in a willingness to speak up. the knowledge that there are millions of others out there who feel the same way. this is all i have really done, to speak up and speak the truth about the unfairness of our current immigration system. i was asked to run for mayor in 2009. the completed three years of missing financial audit a new computer systems and bought beautiful street signs and many other long-overdue improvement. the townspeople revived the farm

festival. typical mayor stuff will stop it was great. but that was to change quickly. when the red states began passing their own so-called immigration laws, i could see prejudice rising its ugly head. georgia passed a law that created criminals out of ordinary people. grandparents who invited their own children's wife or husband into their home could be subjected to jail. a son driving his undocumented mother to the store could become a felon. close knit, next status families suddenly found themselves country to the law. i spoke out against georgia's . -- georgia's new law. gandhi said even if you're a minority of one, the truth is a truth.

after years of condemning the aclu -- [laughter] -- i must publicly apologize to them. [laughter and applause] the law that i called heinous because of its attack on our families would not have been overturned had it not been for this dedicated group of civil liberties organizations, along with the southern poverty law center. they now have my heart. shockingly, those attacks continue. my state will not allow undocumented students to attend select universities. even if an honor graduate who has attended through kindergarten and is undocumented, they have to pay out-of-state tuition. and now, the talk is to not is you birth certificates to the babies if their parents are undocumented.

how can what i just say not george your conscience? there are two things i want to leave you with. first, how profoundly grateful i am that you bestowed this national honor, the nobel prize of public service, on me. secondly that we as a nation can no longer leave hard-working, god-fearing people to walk in the shadows or to live in the terror of losing a loved one to deportation. we must allow those to put food on every american dinner table the opportunity of upward movement. we must find a way and we must find a way now. dr. king said, "we will have to repent in this generation, not merely for the victory all of the bad people, but for the appalling silence of the good

people." i want to say thank you very much and it is a pleasure to see you. thank you. [applause] >> in 1990, america needed a different kind of political courage. with a recession looming in the federal deficit that had tripled, america needed responsible action from its leaders in washington. president george h w bush a difficult choice in order to solve the problem.

you would have to compromise with congressional democrats and risk his future. he had promised americans no new taxes and was voted into office on a promise but it also promised to serve his country and he decided that was the promise that he would keep. both parties compromised in the ominous budget reconciliation act, which significantly raised taxes. the president to began the year with overwhelming national approval ratings ended it with far less support and quickly became the target of attacks. the budget deal acted on desperately needed reforms at the expense of the president's popularity. america's game was president bush's loss and his decision to put party -- makes him an example of a modern profile in courage. i know we wish that president bush could be with us today but we are so happy that lauren bush is here on behalf of her grandfather.

lauren is a committed servant in her own right. she works as the ceo and is the chairman of the board of the sea foundation. the feet foundation was has provided nutritious meals to kids around the world. it is my honor to invite her onstage to accept the award for her grandfather. [applause] >> thank you jack. thank you, all.

this is such an honor for me and my grandfather and my whole family. i would like to start by reading a short message from a grandfather. "i wish to send my sincere thanks to the john f. kennedy library foundation and their selection committee for the decision they rendered that led to today's proceedings. i can only hope that the vote itself wasn't too excruciating or to close. i recall how shortly after leaving the white house, the school district board where i used to live in the land texas decided to name the local elementary school after yours truly. after passed by a landslide 3-2 vote it was explained that the two dissenting votes are based on the fact that we normally only name things after dead people. at age 89, let me assure you that your kind words really do mean a lot to me. to receive this award with such

an illustrious history and bearing such an illustrious name means more than beer tongue can tell. i'm sorry i cannot be there in person but a nasty rumor spread that your menu included broccoli. so i have gamely sent a special emissary to confront them. thank you for remembering what our team tried to do those many years ago. one thing is sure. even today, at age 89, my gampy still has a zest for living. his socks come in all colors and all patterns. more recently there was a youtube video of him rapping to an mc hammer song. even as my grandfather is not quite sure what a homeboy is, he loves that video.

it is not hard to imagine how president kennedy, with his love of skinny ties and passion for life, what have shown much of the same style and --, had he been giving the blessing of old age. of course we are here to recognize and celebrate a singular act of political courage nearly a quarter of a century ago when politics in our world are very different. i went back and looked at the circumstances surrounding the 1990 budget deal, and was struck by the challenges we were facing at that point. my grandfather had sent half a million troops around the world to defend a tiny kuwait from a lawless and brutal invasion. meanwhile, he was also helping to engineer the reunification of germany, and managed democratic reforms throughout central and eastern europe in ways that eventually led to the peaceful end of the cold war.

he was also the second president elected to serve a full term in office without party control in either the senate or the house. that made progress, any progress, very difficult. candidly speaking, my grandfather did not want to raise taxes in 1990, but our constitutional system of governance says that congress also gives us a. -- gets a s he'sa veltiy oh. american people action and results we live in an age of the perpetual campaign. once we get back to realizing the importance of real governance isis backed this deal will pass. while i am at it, my grandfather wishes to join you in recognizing they are bridges congratulating him in this much deserve recognition. we need more political leadership and courage at all levels of government and we can

all hope they are bridges's examples will inspire more elected officials on both sides of the aisle. not lost on anyone, i suspect is the symbolism of a grandson of a much admired president conferring up her stitches award that is being accepted by the granddaughter of another president. perhaps the fact that we are brought together in this way and on this day to celebrate the ideals of public service with this honor perhaps, just maybe the torch is once again being passed not from family to family but from generation to generation. there is so much need in our world, so much hurt. it is going to take all of us to meet those challenges. fortunately, we are lucky to have and have had leaders like john kennedy, like george bush like barbara bush -- i have to include her, i would be in big

trouble -- and paul bridges to inspire us and lead us forward. on behalf of george h.w. bush and our entire family, i want to say thank you. [applause] >> president obama hosted a reception for this year's kennedy center bread. this is 20 minutes.

>> ladies and gentlemen, al green, tom hanks, patricia mcbride, sting, lee tomlin --

lily tomlin. ♪ ladies and gentlemen, the president of the united states and misses michelle obama. ♪ [applause]

>> good evening, everybody. welcome to the white house. michelle and i love this event. everybody looks so nice. [laughter] this is one of our favorites and as lily used to say, that's the truth. as president i cannot stick out my tongue. it might cause an international incident. i want to start the evening by thanking david rubenstein and the kennedy center trustees and the kennedy center's new president deborah rutter. [applause] i want to thank george and michael stevens who produce this event every year. [applause] lately, they have won an emmy for it just about every year, as

well. michelle and i call this the stevens season. president kennedy once wrote the life of the artist, far from being an interruption, a distraction in the life of the nation, is very close to the center of a nation's purpose. it is a test of the quality of a nation's civilization. tom hanks would agree that president kennedy was envisioning joe versus the volcano when he wrote that. [laughter] i have to say, "big" was on last night. [applause] things balance out.

clear that the group on stage with me tonight understands what president kennedy understood that our art is a reduction of us not just as a people but as a nation. it binds us together. song and dance and film express our triumphs, our strengths, our tenderness in ways that sometimes words simply cannot do. we honor those who have dedicated their lives to this endeavor, those who have tapped into something previously unspoken or on song or an expressed -- unexpressed. those who are able to tap into those things that we have in common, not just those things that push us apart. i'm going to start with somebody i know all of you think about

whenever i sing, and that is al green. [laughter] i've been keeping his traditions alive. >> do it again. >> i'm not going to do it again. [laughter] that was like a one-time thing. my voice didn't crack. it was a fluke. i can sing a little, but i cannot sing like al green. nobody can sing like al green. [applause] the soul, that like falsetto -- light falsetto. his music can bring people together. he can hardly go anywhere with out a fan coming up to him and

telling him which one of his songs helped bring their child into the world. [laughter] al was born in arkansas, one of 10 kids packed into a two-bedroom house. he signed with high records and helped bring memphis soul into the spotlight with songs like "tired of being alone." "let's stay together," "take me to the river." they are thinking about all of those songs and how it brought people together. in the 1970's, he became a pastor at his church, and later he started churning out a string of gospel hits. in the years passed, he has woven together his gospel and soul careers, recently collaborating with the roots john legend, and justin timberlake. he is still at the pulpit on

sunday. as he says, the greatest thing that ever happened to me, a little boy from arkansas, was that amidst all the doubts, i found peace. the piece he found and the soul he has shared with all of us -- tonight, we honor the reverend al green. [applause] on the night of patricia mcbride's farewell performance of the new york city ballet, the crowd showered her with 13,000 roses. thankfully, they cut the thorns off first. that is fitting because when you hear about patricia, you hear about somebody is all rose, no thoren. legendary for her good cheer

her sweetness her unabashedly for us, that personality translated to the stage where her humor and grace was matched only by her power and stamina and incredible athleticism.she is one of the most versatile dancers we have ever seen. patricia became the principal dancer at the new york city ballet when she was just 18 years old, the youngest to ever hold that role, and she kept at it for 28 years. by the time she was finished some of our greatest choreographers had written dozens of pieces just for her. not bad for a shot young girl who grew up in the shadow of world war ii. she is the daughter of a single mom who worked as a banker -- as a bank secretary who pinched pennies from that job and paid $.75 for each dance lesson. today, patricia hasn't forgotten

where she came from. she and her husband are in charge of the critically acclaimed charlotte ballet, which offers a program that gives scholarships to young people in need. for sharing her spirit and smile in so many ways, tonight, we honor patricia mcbride. [applause] lily tomlin plays an undervalued employee whose chauvinist boss screams at her to get coffee. finally, she into coworkers get so fed up, they kidnap him. they get to work change in the office. working moms get treated better. productivity rises. it's basically a live-action version of the working family

policies i have been promoting for years. [applause] we have sent dvds to all members of congress to try to get them on the program. [laughter] that role has lily written all over it. it's edgy, a little dark, but fundamentally optimistic. she has created countless characters from ernestine, the telephone operator, to lucille the rubber freak, to edith anne p5 and a half year old philosopher. all of them, kind of oddballs, all portrayed with incredible warmth and affection, like lily. she pushed boundaries, as low. on her 1973 variety show, she

performed a sketch about to black folks hanging out in a diner -- two black folks hanging out in a diner. [applause] one reviewer called it the most profound meditation on race and class that i've ever seen on a major network, which says something both about lily and the major networks. [laughter] that was at lived, by the way -- ad-libbed, by the way. in her one-woman show -- [laughter] written by her brilliant partner

jane wagner -- [applause] lily played a dozen characters, transforming instantly into men and women, young, old, crazy and famous. this versatility has led to a ton of awards, emmys tony's, grammys, oscar nominations. she is inches away from an egot, and now she is a kennedy center honoree. when asked what she thought her tribute would look like, she said, what i would like to see is a big stream of gay drag artists come out as ernestine. [laughter] i haven't talked to george stevens. i don't know if this has been arranged. although i would like to see it too. i can promise that your contributions to american stage and screen will live on. for her genius, compassion, for just being funny, we honor

tonight lily tomlin. [applause] about 40 years ago, a young singer-songwriter named gordon sumner was known to wear a yellow and black-striped sweater. ever since, he has been known by one name -- sting. not everybody can pull off a name like sting. this guy can. his wife, trudy, calls him stand. apparently, his kids call him sting. [laughter] ptous -- potus is a pretty good nickname, but let's face it, it's not as cool as sting.

i kind of wish i was called sting. [laughter] i'm stuck with potus. [laughter] everybody knows that sting is more than just a name. he is an all-around creative force. he is a singular voice on classics from police "roxanne," "every little thing she does is magic." his songwriting shape shifts between rock and jazz, reggae, rhythms taken from all over the world. he has acted in films. he just opened a musical on broadway. the guy once turned down the chance to be a bond villain. who does that? [laughter] staying -- sting, apparently.

he's too cool. because just being a celebrity was never sting's goal. he is the son of a milkman and a hairdresser. when he was a child, he was so tall that his classmates called him lurch. they regret that now. [laughter] that's payback right there. he is here. you, whoever you are, you are out there. [laughter] before he had any success as a singer, he had worked as a teacher, a construction worker, and in a tax office. if a few inns had gone differently, we could be living in a world with a really hip,

cool tax collector named lurch. instead, we've got staying -- sting. artist, truth teller, a champion of human rights and our environment, for all of those reasons and the fact that his music is spectacular and beautiful, for all of those reasons, tonight we honor sting. [applause] one of four kids in his family in concord california, tom hanks once at his idea of a good time growing up was to take a bus to sacramento. [laughter]

in the years since tom has flown a rocket to outer space he has fallen in love with a mermaid, he has faced down somali pirates mooned the president of the united states -- i'm glad you got that last one out of your system before this evening -- [laughter] tom's career began just like so many hollywood legends dressing in drag for a show called "bosom buddies." kung fu fighting the farms on "happy days." he first won our hearts and comedy with hits like "big" and "splash." i did watch "big" last night. i got kind of choked up at the end. as the years passed, he told us, there's no crying in baseball.

life is like a box of chocolates. he told houston we have a problem. as a cartoon cowboy, he showed us we can always keep our faith in a little boy. tom isn't known simply for his characters. he is known for his character his tremendous support of our veterans. he is in the army ranger hall of fame. for his support of the space program, he has an asteroid named after him. through tom, we have seen our world war ii heroes not simply insert the atonement and the distance but as they truly were, gritty, emotional, flawed, human. through tom, we saw the courageous faces behind an aids epidemic often overshadowed by stigma. through tom, we have seen our passion and our resolve and our love for each other. as his friend steven spielberg once said, if norman rockwell were alive today, he would paint a portrait of tom.

people have said that tom is hollywood's everyman that he is this generation's jimmy stewart, but he is just time hanks. that's enough. that's more than enough. for that, we honor him tonight. mr. tom hanks. [applause] so, reverend al green, patricia mcbride, lily tomlin, sting, tom hanks. charm, soul, spirit, spoke -- they have helped us better understand ourselves and each other and as president kennedy

expressed, they have helped us center our purpose as a nation and together reflect the quality of our society. for that, we cannot thank them enough. we are so glad to be able to celebrate these extraordinary people. thank you for everything you've given us over the years and for what you are going to give us in the future. congratulations. god bless you all. pleased with me in saluting one last time our extraordinary kennedy center honorees for this year. [applause]

[captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] >> coming up on c-span, the 2014 nobel peace prize ceremony. then stories told by heroes of war world for -- world war ii. later, william kristol talks about the incoming republican-led congress. then the role of democrats and progressives in the new congress. >> on the next "washington journal," a look at the factors that could determine economic growth in 2015, including john christian trends wages and legislative action. then your friedman of "the atlantic" will be here to

discuss global conflict spots. "washington journal" does live every morning at 7:00 eastern. you can join the conversation on facebook and twitter. >> the 114th congress convenes in a little over a week. here is a look at some of the numbers. republicans will have 247 members in the house the largest gop majority since the 1928 elections. there will be 188 house democrats. at the age of 85, michigan democratic congressman john conyers became the dean of the house, replacing the retired john dingell. incumbent new york republican representative luis to phonic will be the youngest member. the average age will be 57. >> new year's day on the c-span networks, here are some of our

programs. 10:00 a.m., the washington ideas for him, energy conversation -- conservation warren brown, and inventor dean kamen. at 4:00 p.m., the brooklyn historical society holds a conversation on race. at 8:00 p.m. eastern, apollo seven astronaut walt cunningham on the first manned spaceflight. new year's day on c-span2, just before noon, author hector towbar on the 33 men that were buried in a chilean mine, and at 3:00, richard norton smith on the life of nelson rockefeller. at 8:00, former investigative correspondent for cbs sheryl atkinson on her experiences reporting on the obama administration. new year's day on american history tv on c-span3, at 10:00, juanita abernathy on her experiences and the role of women in the civil rights movement.

at 4:00 p.m., benjamin cart on the link between alcohol and politics in prerevolutionary new york city. at 8:00, cartoonist patrick lavon draws 10 presidential caricatures. new year's day on the c-span networks. for our complete schedule, go to c-span.org. >> this years nobel peace prize was awarded to kailash satyarthi and malala yousafsai.

>> the annual peace prize ceremony in the oslo city hall. this date september 10 is the date on which alfred nobel died and it is also the national human rights day. december 10, this year is quite special. this year the focus is on the rights of the young people among us, thanks to the two prize winners. they have already met several thousand norwegian children outside the city hall this morning, for children and young people are very important in the celebration of this year's nobel peace prize. every year since 1919, a nobel peace prize ceremony has taken place in the oslo city hall, and today as always, the main hall is festive and ready to welcome international and national guests. the two nobel laureates, malala

yousafsai and kailash satyarthi, will receive their prizes for the right to education for every child in the world. 17-year-old malala yousafsai is the youngest recipient of the recipient of the peace prize ever. she has already made an impression all over the world in her fight for the right of education for girls. she was shot, but not even this murderous attempt could stop her work for educating young people. kailash satyarthi is a children's rights activist who has won many prizes for his work. in 1987, he founded an organization against child

slavery. several thousand child workers have been set free thanks to the work of satyarthi. the oslo city hall as usual makes a beautiful setting for the traditional ceremony. the flowers decorating the halls today are carnations, orchids, and many others. every year a norwegian artist is given the honor of signing the nobel diploma which accompanies the prize. the artist this year is among the invited guests today naturally. and now, outside the courtyard the two laureates are arriving. they are welcomed as usual by the head of the nobel committee.

and secretary of the committee. the prize winners have come directly from the royalal palace where they have met the king and queen.

the visitors have a full day with a full program. and also the other members of the nobel committee here to receive them. and then now, the nobel laureates have some moments before entering the hall leaving their coats, and getting ready for the important ceremony. there's already a close connection between the two recipients. they call each other spiritual father and daughter.

and now they are signing the guest book of the city hall of oslo. now ready to welcome the prize winners into the hall are four trumpeters from the royal navy band. the first guests started to arrive about an hour ago and have had time to admire the norwegian art in the hall. here is the official norway on

the left in the hall, prime minister, and several other members of the norwegian cabinet and many parliament members. here are some of the artists to be presented tomorrow at the traditional nobel concert. and so the families of the recipients recipients, malala yousafsai's father, mother, and brothers. so on that side, where the friends on the right side of the

hall, here is the family of kailash satyarthi, also present. and now we're waiting for the procession with the recipients to come in. there are beautiful norwegian art examples in the hall. the big painting dominates the world in the south. important happenings in norwegian history are depicted. on the other side of the hall, scenes from norwegian working life.

now the norwegian royal family are arriving at the city hall. it is an old tradition that the royal family's presence at this ceremony, again being welcomed by the leader and the secretary of the nobel committee.

his majesty, the king, her majesty, the queen, and crown prince and princess are arriving. [bells ring] we hear the 49 bells of the city hall towers. they play an important role in today's ceremony as they do in the daily life of the city of oslo. now the trumpeters are ready. [fanfare]

their seats are in the front of the hall. more fanfare now for the royal family. [fanfare] and now with the royals in their places, the ceremony can start.

and it starts, has every year, with music.

[singing in norwegian]

>> your majesties, your royal highnesses, excellencies excellencies

a conscience exists in the world that extends beyond all boundaries which is independent of religion, culture and social adherence. it says that children have a right to childhood, that children should go to school and not be forced to work. they should not start their lives as slaves of others. this world conscience can find no better expression than through kailash satyarthi and malala yousafsai. the dear nobel peace laureates a stronger expression of nobel's appeal for fraternity between nations would be difficult to find except through you two. we are honored to have you here. [applause]

congratulations. [applause] the road to democracy and freedom is paved with knowledge. taliban and isil dislike knowledge because they know it's an important condition for freedom.

attendance at school, especially attendance at school, especially by girls, deprives such forces. but nothing should be further from islam than using suicide bombs against their co-religionists or shooting at a young girl whose only demands was to be allowed to go to school. violence and repression cannot be justified in any region. islam, christianity, judaisim, hinduism, protect life and cannot be used to take lives. the two whom we honor here today stand very firm on this point.

they live according to what mahatma ghandi said. there are purposes i would have died for. there are no purposes i would have killed for. kailash satyarthi and malala yousafsai are not only behind the desk, but in practice. your majesties, your highnesses, ladies and gentlemen, kailash satyarthi's vision is quite simple, to put an end to child slavery. since he abandoned a career in 1980, this has been satyarthi's overriding aim. he has worked at several different levels to achieve it. at the grass roots level, he has achieved the release of some 80,000 children, sometimes in very dynamic circumstances.

he has often been brutally attacked, it takes little fantasy to imagine the reaction when he and his co-workers go into worn-down factories in india to set the children free. powerful interests have profited from child labor that do not give up without a struggle. satyarthi himself has adhered to nonviolence. the child laborers are not infrequently recruited by kidnapping, but are often also hired out by parent who is cannot manage their debts. enslavement through debts remains very widespread, not only in india, but also in many other countries. satyarthi insists that it is not poverty that leads to child labor, child labor maintains poverty, carrying it from

generation to generation. school attendance releases people and young politics. satyarthi has developed a model for hard labor used children can be rehabilitated and educated. they must be provided with basic knowledge to enable them to function as normal citizens rather than slaves. he has set up a number of different organizations with work both in india and internationally to fulfill children's rights. it is perhaps the most important instrument taken -- taking direct action to set children

free. satyarthi's struggle is marked by inventiveness, established in 1994, now it is a striking example. it is an international consortium that exports rugs. by simple means it checks that the rug has not been made by child laborers, a network of inspectors have been set up to ensure that the system works. the children get to go to school and the adult workers earn a fair wage. exporters and importers pay a small fee to keep up this system of inspections and controls. efforts are on hand to spread the scheme. on the 17th of january, 1998 satyarthi embarked on his biggest project, the global

march against child labor. 7 million children and adults took part in this march which expanded many different countries and regions. the march ended up in front of the ilo headquarters in geneva. the following year, the convention was adopted and has currently been modified by 172 countries. no ilo convention has been ratified more quickly. ilo conventions, 138 and 182 and the u.n. convention on the rights of the child now form the basis of the worldwide struggle

against child labor and for education. but nevertheless much remains to be done. there are roughly at least 60 million child laborers in india alone. most of them in farming. so if the countries ratified the two ilo conventions, that would be a big step in the right direction. there are currently more than 68 million child laborers worldwide. in the year 2000, the figure was 78 million. in this as in so many other areas, things are thus moving in the right direction. and often much faster than we think. satyarthi indeed believes that child labor can be more or less eliminated in his own lifetime. everyone here shares this hope. your majesties, royal highnesses, and ladies and

gentlemen, malala yousafsai is the youngest peace prize laureate of all time. her story has become known all over the world. when she was 11 or 12, she began to write a blog for the bbc about what it was like to live in the swat valley in northwest pakistan, under heavy pressure from the taliban and with only ambivalent support from the pakistani authorities.

the schools periodically had to close, especially girls' schools. her vision was from the start, girls have a self-evident right of education. her courage is almost indescribable. we all know what happened on the 9th of october, 2012, when she was 15, a man climbed into the school bus and asked for malala. he fired shots at her, injuring her most severely. her life was saved and she decided to continue her struggle for girls' education, although the taliban made no secret of her intention to try again. pakistan's population numbers

nearly 200 million. 1/4 are between 5 and 16 years old. the constitution and he's all -- guarantees all children free and compulsory education. but nearly half of the 52 million do not go to school. a large majority of them are girls. it's not just taliban that seeks to keep girls away from school because schools have been built without walls, without running water, and without toilets. and at least as important indoctrination is important of the skills and knowledge needed in order to cope in a modern

world. the teachers too often only the -- lack the minimum qualification needed. we appreciate very much that pakistani authorities have praised the award of the peace prize to malala yousafsai. the best gift they could give her would be dramatic improvements in the country's education system. [applause] that would benefit the whole of pakistan, and, ladies and gentlemen, few things provide a large economic and social -- social yield than investments in girls' education. this logic applies all over the world.

the individual person at the center of all politics, the one that girls are excluded, are not a burden and not a threat to society. they present an enormous unused resource. here in europe, too, such lodger -- logic would work wonders. the problem is not that children or youth do not receive education or are obliged to work. far too many find nonuseful education or find no opportunities for work. we need to leave this negative situation and instead give the younger generation the hope, which is probably the strongest defense against extremism. young people must be able to see into the future instead of being trapped by dark forces and dark

sorts. ladies and gentlemen, while it is in the nature of extremism to create enemies and to divide the world into us and them, the laureates show us something else. a young girl and a somewhat older man, one from pakistan and one from india, one muslim, the other hindu, both symbols of what the world needs, mainly -- namely, more unity, fraternity between the nations that alfred nobel spoke about. [applause]

the laureates have underlined that if the prize can bring -- contribute to bringing indians and pakistanis closer to another, this would add an extra dimension to the prize and we all share this hope. ladies and gentlemen, we need people like satyarthi and yousafsai to show that it helps to fight. few have the courage to live according to mahatma ghandi's principles who said, i accept only one tyrant in the world and that is still the small voice within me. we others have perhaps become too accustomed of hearing the

voices of others, through social media or looking over economic interests or political interests. we often forget to listen to the voice that talks to us about justice. we should bear in mind, freedom and justice have never been ceremonial. so your majesties, royal highnesses, ladies and gentlemen, we live fortunately in a world that avoids all the violence and extremism we see around us.

-- despite the violence and extremism we see around us, it is marked by an increasing humanity. james baldwin put it like this -- the people who once walked in darkness, are no longer prepared to do so. this has become an irrevocable part of our awareness, and people like malala yousafsai and kailash satyarthi have brought us there. so dear nobel peace laureates, i cannot explain how much i have struggled to find the right and the best words to say how much the norwegian nobel committee admire you. i will only say this at the end. you will for all the future be two new jewels in the history of

the nobel peace prize, the role of campaigning and struggling people, people that had created the global conscience of which we can all be bearers. the call for freedom and justice, and the most important thing is to set children and young people free. thank you for your attention. [applause]

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♪ [singing in a foreign language] ♪

[singing in a foreign language] ♪

[singing in a foreign language] [applause] >> your majesties, your royal highnesses, ladies and

gentlemen, now i call upon kailash satyarthi to receive the gold medal and a diploma. [applause]

and now, i call upon malala yousafzai to come forward to receive the gold medal and the diploma. please come forward. [applause]

[applause] [applause]

♪

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[applause]

>> your majesties, your royal highnesses, ladies and gentlemen, now i call upon the noble peace prize laureate for 2015, mister kailash satyarthi please come forward to give your lecture. [applause] [speaking in a foreign language] >> your royal majesties, royal highnesses, my dear daughter malala, excellencies, sisters

and brothers -- [speaking in a foreign language]

[speaking in a foreign language] [applause] [speaking in a foreign language]

[applause] [speaking in a foreign language] [applause] [speaking in a foreign language]

[applause]

>> friends, the noble committee has generously invited me to present a lecture. unfortunately, i'm unable to do that because i am representing here the sound of silence. the cry of innocence. and the faith of invisibility. i represent millions of those children who are left behind and that is why i have kept an

empty chair as a reminder. i have come here only to share the voices and dreams of our children. because they are all our children. i have looked into their frightened and exhausted eyes. i have held their injured bodies and i have felt their injured spirits. twenty years ago, in the foothills of the mountains, i met a small child laborer. he asked me, is the world so for that it cannot give me a toy

and a book. instead of forcing me to take a gun? or a tool? i met a sudanese child soldier. he was kidnapped by an extremist militia. as his first lesson, he was forced to kill his friends and family. he asked me, what is my fault? 12 years ago a child's mother from the streets of columbia was trafficked enslaved, rate.

she said, i have never had a dream. can my child have one? friends, all the great religions teach us to care for our children. let the children come to me. do not hinder them for the kingdom of god belongs to them. the holy koran says -- kill not your children because of poverty. friends, there is no greater violence than to deny the dreams of our children. therefore, i refuse to accept that all the temples and mosques and churches have no place for the dreams of our children. i refuse to accept that the

world is so poor that one week of military expenditures can bring the children to our classrooms. i refuse to except that all the laws are unable to protect our children. i refuse to accept that the shackles of slavery can ever be stronger than freedom. i refuse to accept that. [applause] >> my only aim in life is that

every child is free to be a child. free to go and love. free to eat, sleep, and see the light. free to love and cry. free to play and learn. free to go to school. and free to dream. i have the privilege of working with many courageous people who have the same aim. we have never given up against any threat or attack. and we will never. we have made progress in a couple of years, a couple of decades. we have reduced the number of

out of school children by half. we have reduced the number of child laborers by a third. we have reduced child mortality, malnutrition. and we have prevented millions of child deaths. but let us make no mistake, the great challenges still remain. friends, the biggest challenge or the biggest crisis knocking on the doors of humankind are fears and intolerance. that gives them a meaning and an objective of life. and an education that gives

them their youth. i'm afraid that the day is not very far than the cumulative result of all the failures will culminate in an unprecedented violence. and that will be suicidal for humankind. rights security hope can only , be restored through education. young people like malala -- i started calling her my daughter malala, not just malala -- so my daughter malala and other daughters, and sylvia, and the

doctors from africa, and all over the world. they are rising up. they are choosing peace over balance, tolerance over extremism, and hope over fear. the solutions are emerging, but these solutions cannot be found in the deliberations in conferences alone. and they cannot be found from a distance. they lie in small groups and organizations. and individuals who are confronting the problems every day. even if they remain unacknowledged, unrecognized and unknown to the world.

the solutions are with them. friends, what is missing now -- of course, my paper is missing. [laughter] no problem. i will continue without that. we can do it. i -- you may ask that what one

person can do. i can recall a story of my childhood. a heavy fire broke out in the forest. thank you so much. i don't know whether it happen with some laureate before or not, but it is happening today. [laughter] [applause] and -- and the best thing happened that a young courageous pakistani girl has met an indian father. and an indian father has met a pakistani daughter. [applause] i was telling you the story of

my child -- what i remember from my childhood. a heavy fire broke out in the jungle, of forest. everybody was running away including lions, the king of the forest. suddenly he saw a bird rushing straight to the fire. he asked the bird, what are you doing? the bird said, i'm going to extinguish the fire. the lion laughed and said, how can you do it? keeping just one drop of water in your beak? but the bird was adamant. she said i am doing my part.

, [applause] eighteen years ago, millions of peoples, individuals, marched around the globe. they demanded a new international law for the evolution of child labor. and it has happened. we did it. millions of individuals together did it. friends, we live in an age of globalization. we are connected through high-speed internet. we exchanged our goods and services in one single global market.