these people are not muslims themselves in many cases. we have to understand that a christian who converted to islam two days ago, the leave they are part of isis and al qaeda. to that make them part of the muslim community? the resources we put in to creating positive relationships with the muslim community is very important. we cannot forget all of those who are not within the muslim community that are responding to these threats as well. profiling in this sense does not work. the more we are educated about the actual people who are getting radicalized, the better we are going to be at finding remedies. i will conclude on this. in addition to law enforcement we found a very willing partner in terms of the technology industry as a whole. i have read a lot about criticism, why don't we just have facebook and twitter and youtube remove all of this stuff so people won't have access to it and they won't get radicalized?

besides the fact that is completely impractical, and we also have free speech, the reality is that these companies are doing something about it. they are at different levels. we have worked with them. they have endorsed our best practices. they remind people that people who are trying to exploit their services that not only is there a legacy of technical innovations that have been created, but these companies take seriously the fact that people are trying to exploit them. they're also trying to come up with creative solutions to mitigate those who want to exploit them. they are part of the community coming up with strategies. that has been a critical partner for us as well. finally, i have to say at the end of the day, what is the most effective way to walk someone off that led? you can share information with law enforcement, you can share

strategy with the tech industry. and you have your own peers who are willing to not only identify a problem, but have the courage to step up, that is part of this narrative as well. for educational programs were we going to schools to train them not to be innocent bystanders, they have a voice starting at the age of eight and nine. if you see something, you can say something. it is not just a law enforcement mantra. if you see some and being bullied or stereotyped. even at that age, we are training them that they can do something about it. that value of not being a bystander, of having a voice using positive speech to combat negative speech, that is what we are talking about in this arena of violent extremism. we have to start young and then take it from there. thank you very much for your time. [applause] >> phase join me in thanking the rest of our panelists for it their comments today.

please use the opportunity at lunch today to find out more about their programs. [applause] >> in about 10 minutes here on c-span, live coverage from the state department in washington dc of closing remarks at the white house conference on combating terrorism here it national security adviser susan rice talking about the partnership and neck debt. -- next steps. we heard from john kerry and you and secretary general. we will show you their commentary before susan rice arrives. ♪ >> they told me i must go with

them. they took me to a place where there were other hostages in a camp with wire. i was very afraid. >> we just arrived. suddenly the booms started. in that time, i don't know if it was an earthquake or what. everything is very dark. i realized that my hand was burning and i tried to put out the fire. it was very traumatic for me.

every few days you have to change your bandage. my hand and my back were burned. >> i should have taken the train with them. the night before, a friend of mine phoned me and told me she was going to pick me up at a different station so that i could wake up later. my brother took the train. [screaming] ♪ >>[speaking foreign language]

[explosion] [speaking foreign language]

>> this is bona rasheed. hours later, she would be killed with 68 others. >>[speaking foreign language] ♪ >> good morning. that video shows some of the images of terror and much of the

rationale for our being here today. nobody wants the good to die young. we all have an enormous obligation and responsibility to find the ways to meet this scourge. this is the ministerial component of the several days in washington. i want to thank everybody. i know that the schedule of any minister in government today is enormously challenging. for all of you to come here and spend this much time is really a reflection of the deep commitment and concern about the challenges that we face. at the white house yesterday local practitioners and civil society leaders from around the world gathered to highlight the community led efforts that can

prevent terrorist recruitment and infiltration. there has been a silly debate in the media in the last days about what you have to do. you have to do everything. you have to take the people off the battlefield who are there today, but you are stupid if all you do is do that and you don't prevent more people from going to the battlefield. we have a broad challenge here. mostly it is to talk about facts and realities. and to take those realities and put them into a real strategy that we all implement together. no one country, no one army, no one group is going to be able to respond to this adequately. we see that in the numbers of countries that are now being touched by it. our goal today is to build on the discussions of the last two days by looking at ways both to address the most alarming threats that we face, but also,

to get practical. to strengthen the role of civil society. in particular, women, youth, and victims. and to ensure that civil society has the space to be able to operate. we need to identify and amplify credible voices, expanding religious and other education that promotes tolerance, peace and respect. we need to address the social, economic, and political marginalization part of this challenge. what i was recently in a country in northern africa, the prime minister there told me about the challenge of a certain portion of their population where young people are proselytized and captured at a very young age paid money in some cases. once their minds are full of this invective and distortion, they don't need to pay them anymore. what was chilling was that this

foreign minister said that they don't have a five year strategy. they have a 35 year strategy. we have to come together and say, what is our strategy? how are we going to respond? our goal today is to take this chance to think broadly about how to prevent violent ideologies from taking hold and how to prevent terrorist networks, such as i sell or boko haram rom, or any group from linking up with aggrieved groups elsewhere and how to prevent them from there by expanding their influence. this morning, i expect that the secretary-general and president obama will urge us to push ahead as far and as fast as we can to work -- to develop the work streams that we have already identified. some of our efforts are going to take place in public gatherings such as this thread i think

everybody here understands that much of this work is going to be done quietly, without fanfare in classrooms, in community centers, in workplaces, in houses of worship, on urban street corners, and in village markets. in the months to come, we will have regional summits and i'm sure we will have other events which will gauge the progress and measure the next steps. in new york this fall, our leaders will come together as a group. between now and then, we must all contribute and our collaboration, cooperation, must be constant. we need to remember that our adversaries don't have to cope with distractions. they don't have a broad set of responsibilities to fulfill. they don't have the same institutional responsibilities that we do to meet the needs of our citizens. terror is their obsession.

is what they do. if we let them, their purpose could wind up giving them a comparative advantage. with the images of recent outbreaks fresh in our minds everybody here knows we simply cannot let that happen. we have to match their commitment. we have to leave them with no advantage at all. this morning, we will begin with a session devoted to a single word. why. why do people make, what too many of us, would seem to be the wrong choice and become the terrorists we are seeing? it is a question we to approach with humility but also with determination. you cannot defeat what you don't understand. certainly, there is no single

answer. in our error, poisonous ideas can come from almost anywhere. from parents, teachers, friends, preachers, politicians. from the pretty woman on a radical website who lowers people, or the man in the next cell who proselytize as while in prison. they might grow from pictures seen on the nightly news or from acts of discrimination or repression that you don't think much about on the day of occurrence, but which come back to haunt. it can come from the desire to avenge the death of a loved one. in some cases, it might come from a lost god or from the contrast between one family's emptied inner plate and a fancy restaurant's lavish menu. the poison might even come from within. in the form of rebellion against anonymity, the desire to belong

to a group, people who want a moment of visibility and identity. or the hunger for black and white answers to problems that are very complex in a remarkably more complicated world. we can all understand the search for meaning and doubts about authority, because at one time or another, most of us have been there. it is a huge leap between personal disquiet and committing murder. mayhem. let there be no confusion or doubt. what everyone's individual experience might be, there are no grounds in history, religion ideologies, psychology politics, or economic disadvantage or personal ambition, apple ever justify the killing of children, the rate of teenage girls, the slaughter of unarmed civilians. these atrocities cannot be rationalized.

they cannot be excused. they must be opposed and they must be stopped. whether in classrooms or houses of worship or over the internet or on tv, our message is very straightforward. to anyone who is in doubt, we can say with conviction, to have no doubt. there is a better date -- there is a better way to serve god, to protect loved ones, to defend the community, to seek justice to become known, a better way to live than by embracing violent extremism. in fact, there is no worse way to do any of those things. our challenge then is not one of marshaling facts, because the facts are wholly on our side. our task is to encourage the most incredible leaders and spokespersons to penetrate the

barrier of terrorist lies and to do so over and over again. we have to support the right people saying the right things all the time. that also means that we have to be crystal clear in separating what we oppose from what we should always be eager to defend. we have to be steadfast advocates of religious freedom supporters of the right to peaceful dissent, opponents of bigotry in every form, and builders of opportunity for all. friends, our arms are open. our minds are open to the ideas. a partnership against violent extremism that we are assembling has room for anyone who is willing to respect of fundamental rights and dignity of other human beings. so, it is appropriate this morning that we will be

privileged to hear from the secretary-general of the united nations. an organization whose founding purpose is to encourage us all to practice tolerance and live together in peace. through its efforts, the peace building conflict resolution development, the u.n. has been an invaluable contributed to the long-term battle against international terror. this effort is not something taking place outside of the u.n. this is to support you and resolution and the efforts we have been part of for so long. ban-ki moon has been the voice of healing and reconciliation. despite the fact that the job is nearly impossible, he has become known across the globe for his energy and commitment. it is my honor to present to

you, the secretary-general of the united nations. [applause] >> secretary of state john kerry , ministers, excellencies, and ladies and gentlemen. i think the president barack obama and secretary of state john kerry for convening this very important gathering on presenting -- preventing violent extremism. thank you for your leadership and eloquent speech and giving us a good way forward so that we can work together to defeat this apparent extremism and terrorism and discuss how we can build upon what we have been doing so far. addressing this profound challenge in a manner that

doesn't multiply the problem may be the most difficult issue we face in the 21st century. these groups are a grave threat to international peace. these groups are pushing a deliberate strategy of shock. beheadings burnings, designed to polarize and terrorize and divide us. let us recognize that the vast majority of the victims are muslims across a broad arc of

disasters. women and girls are subject to appalling systematic abuse rape, forced marriage, sexual slavery, and other unspeakable horrors. no course of grievance can justify such crimes. i commend states for their will to defeat terrorist groups. we must do all we can to neutralize the threat. that means responding decisively . it also means being mindful of the people. shortsighted policies and an

utter disregard for humanity and human rights have caused tremendous frustration and anger on the part of the people for whom we serve. we will never find our way by discarding our moral compass. we need cool heads, we need common sense, we must never let fear will. -- fear rule. i see four imperatives for our current efforts to protect people. first, preventing violent extremism demands that we get to the root. looking for the motivation is a difficult exercise. we know that poisonous

ideologies do not emerge from thin air. oppression corruption, and in justice are greenhouses for resentment. extremist leaders cultivate the alienation. they themselves, are pretenders, criminals, gangsters , on the far fringes of the faith they claim to represent. yes, they prayey on young people without jobs. they exploit the social media. extremist have a strategy for hate. we need a comprehensive strategy for harmony and peace. second preventing violent

extremism and promoting human rights go hand-in-hand. time and again, we have seen that the most effective recruiting agents for extremists have actions taken against them. counterterrorism strategies combine elements of due process and respect for the law. governments should not lose the fight against terrorism and extremism for the sake of critics. we must not fall into attempts.

preventing violent extremism requires an all-around approach. missiles may kill terrorists, but good governance kills terrorism. we must remember this. human rights and political participation are among our most powerful weapons. we must also teach our children compassion diversity, and empathy. education in school and home like.

creating a vessel for the minds of future generations. preventing violent extremism is a global challenge. violent extremism is not a north-south or east-west issue. it is not confined to a particular region or religion. it transcends borders and is present across the world. no single country or organization can defeat terrorism and extremism on its own. all countries along with regional and international organizations should join hands to forge a multifaceted response that respects international human rights and humanitarian laws. the united nations'strat

strategy provides a comprehensive framework. it was adopted last september under chapter seven of the charter in a meeting presided over by president barack obama. the united nations is working to build bridges between people and governments. make no mistake, when leaders call on communities who isolate themselves or run away, extremists rejoice. >> some of the white house summit from earlier today. you can watch the rest on our website. we were taking you live to the closing remarks by susan rice. she will be introduced by eric

holder. >> it is a privilege to stand with all of you as we work to fulfill our most vital obligation. keeping our people and our nations from a violent threat. i expressed my full of the v denmark after the tragic events in copenhagen. it is clear we have no more urgent task before us than that which brings us all together here today. particularly, as networks of extremism continue to draw individuals from countries around the world, it is evident that the global community must examine our efforts and engage with our own communities to combat dangerous individuals and to prevent acts of terror. i am pleased to say that, under president obama's new 2015 national security strategy, the united states is laying out a timely and incredible vision of

leadership to counteract threats that we face and to ensure the safety and security of our homeland. we are engaging in outreach on a local level so that we can foster trust, improve awareness, and educate communities about violence risk factors and working to stop radicalization before it starts. by illuminating conditions that lead to alienation and violent extremism and empowering young people and other vulnerable communities to reject destructive ideologies. the department of justice has been extremely active in this regard over the last three years. they've held more than 2500 engagement related events in their communities. last september a new series of pilot programs were launched to improve local engagement in cities across the u.s.

through our office of community-oriented policing services and other components, we have made additional investments in this work and resources outlined in the proposed budget of 2015. we intend to support additional community level work. of course, as threats evolve, so must our methods of combating them. to this end the national institute of justice has sponsored 19 projects aimed at improving our response to violent extremism. one at michigan state university and another at arkansas state university studied the role that one line social media plays in radicalization and will help develop more effective techniques and partnerships for counter-messaging. beyond these new methods, we are

hopeful we can have methods and insights gleaned from existing law enforcement strategies that have proved successful in other contexts and adapt them for use against the threat of violent extremism. we are learning there are similarities in the factors that lead to gang involvement and violent extremism. in both instances, the sense of longing to way calls, however misguided, may be a lure to disaffected young people, and understanding this link may help us tackle the problem of violent extremism. there are several antigang initiatives that have had success in the past, and the lessons learned from those may be potentially apply to issues we are discussing today. in order to examine this connection, we have initiated a study at the university of maryland that is exploring similarities between violent extremist groups and criminal gangs.

separately, at the children's hospital corporation of boston, we have commissioned an in-depth analysis of the relationship between gang affiliation and radicalization among some ali youth who have resettled in the united states. -- among somali youth who have been recruited. these projects are wide ranging and hold tremendous promise, i believe, as we work to understand the root causes of radicalization. to import vulnerable communities so they can reject harmful ideologies and prevent individuals from getting caught up by violent philosophy including those who are drawn to violence itself and those who become victims of its destruction. it is also critical for us to disseminate information very widely and learn from others who are doing groundbreaking work stop through international conferences, the united kingdom

and canada, the national is to to the of justice has convened in july, we intend to bring the findings from the best research we have underway to practitioners around the world and ultimately use the best possible data to implement appropriate strategy swiftly and conference of lay. of course, -- swiftly and comprehensively. of course, there is a great deal left to do. the challenges we face are significant and we will not reach our goals overnight. as long as we keep learning from one another, supporting one another, and striving to move forward as one community of nations, i have no doubt we can meet this threat with confidence and resolve. as we move forward together, we must remain innovative and aggressive in combating the threat of violent extremism. we must never lose sight of what most frightens those who sow fear ,our enduring commitment to

collaboration, liberty, and justice. at this time, it is my honor to introduce a woman whose life in public service has embodied that commitment, national security advisor susan rice. through her career of leadership and service at the national security council, as a top state department official, as our ambassador to the united nations, and now his national security advisor she has address the diplomatic and security issues of our time. she has worked tirelessly to apply her consummate skill and deep knowledge to the most intractable global challenges that we face. as an internationally recognized expert on national security counterterrorism, and many of the strategies for countering violent extremism that have been the focus of this gathering she has served as an indispensable voice on the issues that animate our partnership today. it is a privilege to have her here with us today. ladies and gentlemen i went to

introduce national security advisor susan rice. -- i want to introduce national security advisor susan rice. [applause] >> good evening, everyone. eric, thank you for those extraordinarily kind words. i want you to know, as you were singing my praises carrie is over there panting me, questioning every word of your kindness. so i appreciate it all the more. but, eric, i really do want to thank you genuinely for your many years of friendship and partnership. it has really been a tremendous honor to serve with you in president obama's administration, and i know i speak for all of your colleagues and friends in the administration and around the world when i say how grateful we are to you. thank you for all you've done

during your outstanding service as attorney general. to make our country better and our world safer. we will miss you mightily. [applause] and, john kerry, i love you too. [laughter] i'm the cleanup act, so why will try to be relatively brief, after what i know has been quite a long day, actually a long couple of days. john and i were talking before i came on stage and we wanted to thank you for your extraordinary endurance, your patience in still being here through many hours, but more importantly for your incredibly valuable contributions to making this summit a success. and for all of that, we are very, very grateful. in this room, we of course have leaders from many faiths and backgrounds. we have come from every region

of the world to stand united behind a shared mission. to break the cycle of hatred and despair that drives extremism. this summit is a firm rebuff to those who propagate a false narrative of a world divided. over the past few days, we have affirmed the joint vision predicated upon the dignity of all people. violent extremism is not unique to anyone people or place. it is sown tragedy from boston, to paris, from ottawa to sydney to copenhagen. the bottom line is countering violent extremism is essential to the security of all nations and no one can meet this challenge alone. to secure our future against terrorist threats, we have to work together as governments and

as peoples. we have to tackle this challenge from every angle, disrupting terrorist plots, destroying safe havens, and deepening our focus on prevention. yesterday and this morning president obama clearly laid out the work that we almost do to cut off violent extremism at the knees. we need to discredit extremist ideologies, address the economic and political grievances that can feed extremism, and power local communities, while remaining true to our values. in our meetings, we have begun to build an international agenda for action. and as we return home, we will look to each other to keep putting our strategy forward on every front. first, we have agreed to work more closely as governments to

understand the precise nature of threats at the local and regional level, and to better coordinate our responses. together, we will invest in more research and regional assessments that can address the unique challenges of countering violent extremism in different context. we will share more information about foreign terrorist fighters and secure our borders against extremists returning from conflict in places like syria and iraq. we are working together, including at the united nations to develop integrated response strategies that draw on the skills we each possess. as part of this, president obama has requested nearly $400 million for the state department to support a wide range of partnerships to counterterrorism, including projects to address violent extremism. the united states will launch

new initiatives to build the capacity of partners in north africa to develop strategies that counter violent extremism. and we are going to track our collective progress at future meetings to make sure that our efforts remain linked up. and to start, as you heard president obama has challenged us all to come to the united nations general assembly this fall with concrete steps that we can take to move forward together. second, as we heard during the summit, effective interventions often begin and grow within local communities. government or ships are critical -- government partnerships are critical, but the best solutions are often bottom up, not top down. we will work more closely with civil society and cap talents of communities which might otherwise be left on the sidelines. that includes, critically, women

and girls, who are some of the most effective voices encountering -- in countering violent extremism. who is better than a mother to spot unusual behavior in her child and intervene? around the world, the united states is supporting projects to train women, to recognize the signs of recruitment and radicalization in their families and communities, and to devise prevention strategies. we are working to build trust and strengthen cooperation between communities vulnerable to radicalization, and the police and security forces charged with protecting them. in countries where people see law enforcement as a threat, it will take a concerted effort to improve relationships. here in the united states, we

are expanding the successful law enforcement training programs we have piloted in boston minneapolis, and los angeles. and internationally, we are working through the global counterterrorism forum to support committee policing in the balkans, south asia, the horn of africa,, and elsewhere. third, we will keep working to expand opportunity, particularly for more generalized -- marginalized populations. it from an early age young people can picture a promising future for themselves and see a path to reaching that future, they will be less likely to turn to violence or terrorism. so when partnership with the private sector and academia with charitable groups and civil society, and with each other, we are going to increase access to education and other professional

training, leadership skills, and mentor ship. the united states is particularly focused on expanding economic opportunity for young people. we are nurturing entrepreneurship and strengthening innovation in emerging markets. through our global entrepreneurship summits and the global innovation of science and technology programs. our ready initiative to support and foster resilient, i've been real, and dynamic youth. it teaches young people computer coding, and then places them in online internships with tech companies. through the next scholars program, we are providing young women in muslim majority countries with new opportunities in science, technology engineering, and math. we are investing in the potential of young leaders with

initiatives in africa and southeast asia, and we are rallying our partners across a broad array of sectors including heads of the entertainment and technology industries, philanthropists, and policymakers to expand economic opportunities for vulnerable and marginalized communities. fourth we are playing better offense when it comes to undermining the corrosive messages of violent extremists and pushing back with counter narratives tomorrow -- of our owbnn. violent extremists like isil offer nothing but death. they achieve nothing but the slaughter of innocents. so we will amplify the stories of former recruits who can speak personally about the futility and barbarity of isil's cause.

we will lift up the voices of religious leaders who can speak with authority about how isil is in conflict with the peaceful tenants of islam, and we will encourage students and community leaders to emphasize how isil is destroying muslim communities. as the president said earlier today, together with the united arab emirates, we are establishing a new digital communications hub to counter terrorist propaganda. working with other governments and private sector partners, we are helping influential community members and religious leaders become more tech savvy so they can better contest isil 's one line activities. here at the state department, we are launching a new peer-to-peer challenge that will encourage university students around the world to develop digital content that stands against extremism. and yesterday, secretary kerry

designated the first special envoy for strategic counterterrorism q medications to drive our government-wide efforts -- counterterrorism communication's to drive our government wide efforts. finally, we will reaffirm our core values and strengthen protections for a lark peoples including religious and ethnic minorities. we must always take care to protect human rights, including freedom of expression. we cannot advance our cause by suppressing ideas or curtailing speech. offensive speech must be met with more speech, but there must also always be a line between voicing objectionable ideas and incitement to violence and terrorism. as president obama outlined, people who feel persecuted

targeted by discrimination, or disempowered are more likely to listen when extremists sell false promises of power, retention, and belonging. there is no one path to violent radicalism. extremism can take root wherever someone promotes an ideology of us against them. we have to guard against threats that spring from animosity towards any group, whether from anti-semites neo-nazis, white supremacist, or any hate group. so we are going to create dialogs that facilitate understanding and help communities communicate with respect across religious sectarian, and ethnic lines. we will work for inclusion so that people feel invested in

their societies. and here in the united states we will continue to work firm that our country is home to people of all faiths. so let us leave here today with a renewed commitment to building a world unmarked by terrorism and ideologies of violence. countering violent extremism is a difficult challenge but it is not an insurmountable one. our timeline for success may be measured in years, if not decades, but we will prevail. and that is because together, we offer what terrorists never can -- a positive version for a more just, more equal, and more peaceful world. and at its most basic, that is what countering violent extremism is all about --

nurturing those better angels of human nature against the demons of hopelessness and hate. if we succeed in moving towards the ambitious agenda we have set for ourselves at this summit, we will not only strengthen security for all of our peoples today, we will bequeath to our children a safer and brighter future. thank you so much for your partnership in this mission. thank you for coming together, and thank you for the work we will continue to do. [applause] >> national security advisor susan rice, wrapping up a three-day white house summit on terrorism and radicalization.

president obama addressed the summit yesterday and he said the notion that the west is at war with islam is an ugly live. he also said countries must do more to prevent terrorism. . >> these terrorists are desperate for legitimacy. it's a false that embraces the terrace narrative. at the same time, we must acknowledge that groups like al qaeda and isil are deliberately targeting their propaganda to muslim communities and muslim youth. muslim communities including scholars and clerics, have a responsibility to push back, not just on twisted interpretations of islam, but also on the lie that we are somehow engaged in a clash of

civilizations. that america and the west are somehow at war with islam or seek to suppress muslims. or that we are the cause of every ill in the middle east. that narrative extends far beyond terrorist organizations. it becomes the foundation on which terrorists build their ideology and try to justify their violence. that hurts all of us. there is a complicated history between the middle east, the west, and none of us i think should be immune from criticism in terms of specific policies. but the notion that the west is

at war with islam is an ugly lie. all of us, regardless of our faith, have a responsibility to reject it. at the same time, former extremists have the opportunity to speak out, speak the truth about terrorist groups. oftentimes, they can be powerful messengers. one said, this wasn't what we came for, to kill other muslims. those voices have to be amplified. governments have a role to play. at minimum as a basic first step, countries have a responsibility to cut off funding that fuels hatred and corrupts young minds and endangers us all. we need to do more to help lift

up voices of tolerance and peace, especially online. that's why the u.s. is joining, for example, with uae, to create a new digital communications hub, to work with community leaders to counter terrorist propaganda. our efforts will be led by our coordinator. he has agreed to serve in this new role. the united states will do more to counter hateful ideologies. i urge your nations to join us in this urgent work. >> just some of the president's remarks. watch his entire remarks tonight at 11:15.

also later "look tv -- book tv" in primetime. michael can be on god, guns grits, and gravy. then later, april ryan on her book, "the presidency in black and white." and tomorrow on washington journal, the united transportation advisers and bob deans of the national resource defense council discussed the train accident in west virginia this week that spilled crude oil and caused a massive fire. and lauren pritchard joins us to conclude or visit on historically black colleges and universities. we will also be taking phone calls, facebook comments, and live tweets. that is all on "washington journal" live at 7 a.m. eastern

on c-span. >> here are some of our featured programs on the c-span networks. saturday morning at 10 a.m. eastern, live on c-span, our nation's governors get together to discuss issues affecting their states. guests include any meyer ceo of union square hospitality group and maria barbara roma -- maria bartaromo. also, secretary of security jeh johnson. saturday, book tv is on the road experiencing the literary life of greensboro, north carolina. sunday at 9 p.m. eastern, on "afterwords," wes moore retraces his color your choices -- retraces his career choices to find his life's purpose.

one american history tv on c-span3 saturday night, just after 7:00, the 1963 interview of former nation of islam minister malcolm x discussing race relations and opposition to racial integration. at 6:30 p.m. eastern, the story of a husband and wife kgb spy team that infiltrated the cia through the use of sex in the 1970's. find our complete television schedule at c-span.org and let us know about the programs you are thinking. call us, e-mail us, or send us a tweet. join the c-span conversation like us on facebook, follow us on twitter. >> the barbed wire and guard towers are gone, but the memories come flooding back for so many people who until today

had lost such a big part of their childhood. for many released after the war some buried the memories and with it, the history of this camp. now, more than 60 years later. >> this sunday, the only family interment camp during world war ii at crystal city texas, and what she said was the real reason for this camp. >> the government came to the fathers and said we have a deal for you. we will reunite you with your families and the crystal city and turn them in camp, the family internment camp, if you will go voluntarily. then i discovered what the real secret of the camp was. they also had to agree to voluntarily repatriate to germany and japan if the government decided they needed to be repatriated. so the truth of the matter is

the crystal city can't was -- the crystal city camp was humanely administered by the ins, but the special war department of the united states used it as roosevelt's primary prisoner exchange, it was the center of his exchange program. >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern and pacific on c-span's "q&a." >> c-span's three nights of technology concludes with vcu of cisco, john chambers. he talked about creating digital infrastructure and staying ahead of the competition increasing connectivity, and how to work with world leaders. this is about one hour. >> the program is about to begin.

please find your seats and switch off all electronic devices. thank you. good morning, ladies and gentlemen. thank you very much indeed for being with us this morning. i am the editor in chief of the wall street journal. it is a pleasure to welcome you all to the latest in our series. we quiz some of the leading ceos of the united states and the world on the plans for the future. thank you particularly for coming out this morning, a very busy morning in new york. the president is here come obviously. you fought your way through traffic lines and the doors. thank you. it is united nations week when we host some of the most powerful people in the world many of whom have been in their positions for a very long time. they come and give us their

advice and views on what is happening in the world. it is appropriate this morning that we have us charging is, the chairman and ceo of cisco. congratulations. we look forward very much to hearing from john this morning. also, the business editor of the wall street journal who in addition to many of his talents recently became a father for the second time. [applause] if you noticed dennis nodding off at any point don't take it personally, it has nothing to do with the quality of the conversation, it is the quality of his sleep. thank you all for being here. you can follow this event afterwards. you can see a video version streaming.