>> attorney general eric holder called wednesday night shooting of two police officers in ferguson disgusting and cowardly. here are some of his remarks. >> the heinous and cowardly attacks that occurred against two brave law enforcement officers in ferguson, missouri, just last night. i want to be very clear here. i unequivocally condemn these repugnant attacks. i know all of us in the law enforcement family and all americans really across the country are praying for the safe recovery of those two officers. and i stand ready to offer the full investigative resources of

the united states department of justice, the f.b.i., to solve this crime and to hold these perpetrators fully accountable. my brothers retired law enforcement officer and he always tells me that cops have the right to come home at night. and that's exactly right. these are people who protect us and keep us safe. and they have the right -- they have the right to come home at night. seeing this attack last night really kind of turned my stomach because in the last week since the justice department released its report on ferguson i had thought we had begun to see signs of progress. they were good-faith steps taken within the leadership to move in a new more cooperative direction beneficial to law enforcement and community residents. but make no mistake. we still have a long way to go to bring about this systemic change that is needed and that is long overdue in that area.

but i think the early indications have truly been positive. but what happened last night was a pure ambush. what happened last night was a pure ambush. this was not someone trying to bring healing to ferguson. this was a punk who was trying to sow discord in an area that has been trying to come together that has been fractured for too long. this really disgusting and cowardly attack might have been intended to unravel any sense of progress but i hope that does not in fact happen. incidents like the one we have witnessed throw into sharp need to have conversations like we will be having to build trust are so important. >> this morning by c-span

remarks by potential 2016 presidential candidates. first former maryland governor talking about data-driven decision making. this is an hour. seeking the democratic nomination for president in 2016. the former governor was asked about hillary clinton's use of a personal e-mail account while she was secretary of state. >> good morning everyone.

it's my pleasure to welcome governor martin o'malley to the center for effective public management here in brookings governance studies program. one of the critical problems that we analyze in our work is how to make government work better for the middle class the average american and for everyone. martin o'malley has been a trailblazer in doing that as governor of maryland for two terms from 2,722,015 and before that serving two terms as mayor of baltimore. under his leadership as governor, maryland recovered 100% of the jobs lost during the great recession was one of just seven states to maintain a aaa bond rating and the college board organization named maryland one of the top states in the nation in holding down the cost of college tuition.

the state also have the best public schools in america for an unprecedented five years in a row. governor o'malley compiled a similarly distinguished record as the mayor of baltimore where time named him one of america's top five big-city mayors. he is going to talk today about some of the public management tools that he helped pioneer as governor as mayor that produce those results and in particular ways that he and his team used data to make government work better for everyone. he will focus on among other things the state status, cities city staff programs after his remarks my colleague bill galston will ask them a couple of questions and then we will open the floor to your questions. ladies and gentlemen is my pleasure to introduce governor

martin o'malley. [applause] >> thank you. thanks very very much norm eisen and thank you for your kind introduction and thank you for setting the wheels in motion for this event. this was fun. thank you all for being here as well. it's a great honor to be here at brookings today. the people that work around this building have done some really outstanding work on an analysis and research, on government performance so it's a pleasure to be here with all of you to talk about data-driven governing governing, an issue that is near and dear to my heart. our country and our world faces some big challenges. whether it's making our economy work again for all of us or confronting security threats of climate change but all of those challenges confronting them will

require a government that actually works. you and i see a world where our creativity and imagination have now expanded. when we think about our government. i guess the question i wanted to explore a little bit with you off the bat is what if they were were, what if we tackle their biggest problems by using data-driven strategies instead of conventional wisdom or the way we have always done it. and what if we could make our communities safer by knowing in real time where is actually happening every day and then pulling police officers to those precise locations at the right times. what if we could put an end to lead poisoning of children instead of ignoring it as a problem that just could not be

solved. what if we improved public safety by using the data and the experience now that we have of years of recidivism to actually identify that small percentage of probationers and parolees who are truly the greatest threat to public safety? and what if by sharing medical records and targeting the personal interventions we could actually cut avoidable hospital readmissions by 10% a year? every year. imagine if the overall performance at any school could be measured over time so that citizens and parents could actually see where we were headed. imagine if one common platform not only measured the job skills and the greatest demand in a given county or metro area but also allowed employers to find the skilled workers they need an unskilled workers to obtain the training they need to fill the jobs being created in this new

economy. as you might have guessed in baltimore and maryland we did all of these things and more. and this my fellow citizens is the new way of governing and it's not about excuses reflecting flame or ignoring problems. it's about transparency and openness and accountability and it's about performance management. it's not about left or right. it's about doing the things that work that move us forward and it also is about setting clear goals, measuring progress and quite simply getting things done again. you see the old ways of governing bureaucracy, hierarchy, these things are fading away and a new way of governing is emerging. it also calls for a new way of leadership at every level leadership that embraces a culture of accountability,

embraces entrepreneurial approaches to problem-solving and embraces collaboration. leadership in other words that understands the power of technologies like smart maps and gis and the internet to make the work of progress open and visible for every citizen. this new way of governing has quietly taken root in cities and towns all across our country and is happening in blue states and as well as red states and pursued relentlessly with the promise of a more effective way of governing at every level of our public life, local state and yes, federal. now our approach to this was actually born in the subway system up new york city. in the early 1990s their lives a great man named jack maple

lieutenant maple of the new york transit police and lieutenant jack maple believed there was a better way to deploy his police officers then the way they had always done it. and with nothing more sophisticated than paper maps and markers jack started plotting where and when robberies took place on his section of the subway. he called these the maps of the future. and then he sent his undercover detectives and transit officers to stop criminals where they were most likely to strike at the times they were most likely to strike. he put in his own words the cops on the dots. jack and his police officers drove robberies down to record low levels. the media came calling and the new police commissioner came calling and soon jack wasn't just plotting out a strategy for part of the subway he was made

the deputy police commissioner of the entire new york city police department and developed a system that came to be known and used all across the country called cop stats. the nypd under his command and under the leadership of commissioner bill bratton went on to reduce violent crime to levels that very very few people ever would have thought possible in new york city 20 years ago. new york's ongoing success in reducing crime and saving lives quite literally led to a revolution of performance measure policing in cities and towns all across the united states. and one of the first of those major cities was my city of baltimore. you see when i was elected mayor in 1999 our city head sadly allowed herself to become the most violent, the most addictive in the most abandoned city in

america with more population loss over the prior 30 years than any major city in our country. at the beginning of our administration we were able to put an additional 20 police officers onto the streets of baltimore which presented us with a really important question question, where to send them. now we could have deployed them equally to each of the six council districts. that would be one way to do it or if we wanted to be real political about it we could deploy them to the council districts with the highest numbers of primary voters or if we want to be really really political about it we could deploy them to the districts where the greatest number of people voted for me. or or we could actually deploy them to the concentrated hotspots where the greatest

numbers of our citizens were being shot mugged or robbed. this is the option we chose. we repeated.com stack process everyday and every week constantly searching for better tactics and better strategies to save lives and prevent crime and over the next 10 years baltimore went on to achieve the greatest police officers and neighbors. some of the biggest crime reductions, and that the biggest reduction of crime of any major city in america in the ensuing 10 years. there's basic of government in the comments that strategy. some call it money ball and some call it -- do you put your fielders where the past performance of the upcoming haters say they are most likely to hit the ball. put your police where crime is most likely to happen. that's the deployment of resources to maximum effect and that is goal driven and

data-driven. it helps make the city safer. we brought this new way of governing and getting things done not only to our police department but to the whole enterprise of city government and we became the first major city in america to do so. we started to create a new culture of higher expectations for city hall. one of accountability transparency, meritocracy, centered around results and a constant search for better ways to get things done. the leaders started to emerge and we recognize them and their colleagues were able to see through their own leaders were in their organizations by their performance. we set high goals and we use data to tell us whether or not the things we were doing were working every day and every week and are cities that approach like calms that was built on four tests that we adopted lock

stock and barrel timely accurate information shared by all rapid deployment of resources effective tactics of strategies and relentless follow-up. always the hard part. every two weeks if you can picture this scene a constant rotating basis my team and i would hold city staff meetings with the agency or department heads and their leadership teams up on the sixth floor of city hall in the big room with the big boards and the screen projectors that would project the data that the department had that the agency submitted prior to the meeting and everything was mapped out and everything was indexed in the previous reporting periods two weeks before server that he could see and everybody would know. ideas were shared and questions were fired back and forth. if we fail to hit the goal we wanted to know why and if we hit

a goal we wanted to know how so we could do it again and again and it worked. we brought crime down by 43%. we reduce the number of children poisoned by lead in our city by 71%. early on when the former inpatient mayor of baltimore william donald schaefer, my mentor and tormentor accused our administration of having no vision we responded with a 48-hour pothole guarantee and our crews actually hit that guarantee and they hit it 97% of the time and each of the members of those crews got a thank you note from the mayor when they did it. the kennedy school at harvard in 2001 gave us their innovations through government award. our innovation was that we

started measuring outputs instead of just inputs and of course we didn't really do city stat to win awards. we did it to survive. we did it to make our city safer, cleaner and a better place for kids to grow up. that by the way is the international mission statement of every mayor of the world over. for many years in our city it had seemed like the drug dealers were more effective than our own government. but thanks to citistat that reality was starting to change. when i was elected governor of maryland in 2007 we took this approach statewide and they called it states that. the goals were clear and the measures more diverse but the premise was essentially the same. it was data-driven decision decision-making, collaboration follow-up and results and we

shared those results good or bad with an on line dashboard so that every citizen could access it and see where we stood as a people and where we were going with that important tool of ours, our government. with this approach we achieve something in public safety like a public safety triple crown. we drove crime down to a 30-year low in maryland incarceration to a 20 year low, the same time reducing recidivism by nearly 20%. there are not many states that do that. with this approach our teachers, our principals our parents and kids with the financial backing they needed and commitment from us made our schools the best public schools in the nation for an unprecedented five years in a row but it never happened before and we did in the middle of a recession. we cut in half the number of children placed in foster care

driving back down to the lowest levels on record. he set a goal of reducing infant mortality by 10% and when we hit that goal we kept going and we reduce timber mortality by more than 17% overall and 25% among african-american families. we took on the big challenge of health care costs with a commitment at a goal of driving down preventable hospital readmissions by creating a platform for health care providers to share patient information, by mapping the incidents and the locations of chronic conditions when people suffer from them and by aligning dissenters to wellness rather than to sickness, we drove down hospital readmissions by more than 10% in just the first year of trying. it used to be in maryland that

governors in maryland would send a 40 year hope for cleaning up the chesapeake bay. we instead started to measure actions and results. we created based that to map not only the sources of pollution but the actions we can take together on land in the right places to hault the flow of pollutants into rivers and streams of the chesapeake bay. we set not a 40 year hope but to your milestones and we can't measure a actions to reduce stormwater runoff and expand the number of acres planted with winter cover crops upgrade clean technology and all of our sewage treatment plants throughout the state. we made it possible for citizens to click on any of the tributary basins where they lived to see whether we were making progress and hitting our goals to restore the health of our waters. for all of that effort, we reduced nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment levels by 14, 15 and

18% respectively. we received hundreds and hundreds of acres are natural wetlands and we double the number of voices that are now filtering the waters of the chesapeake bay. if we meet every goal we set, no. we did not meet every goal we set. but with true performance measures and with openness failure has to be an option albeit a temporary option. if we met every goal that we set than we probably weren't setting our sights very high were picking very worthy goals. one tragic example is this. after six years of steady progress of saving lives come increasing drug treatment maryland like many other states experienced a really deadly spike in heroin overdoses.

so we set a new goal instead of merely expanding drug trip and we set the goal of reducing drug overdose deaths by 20%. we made some progress reducing prescription drug abuse by mapping out facilities doing a better job of monitoring pill mills and shutting them down when we identify them. we got more people into treatment than we ever had but it wasn't enough to prevent or reverse the tragic spike. as with any of these efforts when what you are doing is no longer working you have to come up with new approaches. so we did and so we must. what i have learned in 15 years of executive service, taking comp stat -- compstat tube citistat and citistat to statestat the larger the organization the more important performance manage them it becomes.

we should not ever accept the excuse that because it's so big it can't be managed. that's a copout. our framers never set out to create a nation that follows through or gets by with less. we came together to form a more perfect union and performance management making our government work are essential to that mission of pursuing a more perfect union in these modern times. as some of you know were me know the problem that our federal level isn't a lack of goals or a lack of data. we have agencies with dozens and dozens of goals and performance metrics and strategic objectives objectives. but what are the truly big goals for our nation and what are the actions that allow us to achieve those big goals together? too many federal goals are about process, not about outcomes and having meetings is not a goal.

to the public all of this process, process process means very little to their lives. at the federal level we have to have a clearer view of the most important things our government is setting out to accomplish and why. this requires clear goals they reflect what we the people actually value. the difference between a goal and a dream is a deadline. without a doubt there is no progress without jobs and job creation should be our highest goal. but let me give you just three other examples that speak to our values as a people. being the mortality rate in the united states of america is the highest of all the developed countries in the world. if we value reducing infant mortality is the nation than our

goal at the federal level should be to do just that by a measurable amount by a certain time. if we were to reduce them to mortality across the nation at the same rate we did so in maryland would save more than 4000 american babies a year. that's 4000 families that would be spared at that unfathomable loss. it's so easy to become lost in measuring everything from soup to nuts. we must measure what we value and value what we measure. the second example, if we increase kindergarten readiness across the nation at the same rate we did in maryland we would have 825,000 more american children ready to learn on their very first day of school. that's 825,000 more children that would not start out in

time. 825,000 more children taking their first vital steps toward success in education and therefore in life. a final example if we reduce preventable hospitalizations across the country at the same rate as we did in maryland we would keep 600000 more americans out of the hospital each year. that's 600,000 of us on our feet instead of flat on our backs and expensive hospital beds. in other words american should know whether there broke government's top five objectives are, job creation, improving the security of our people improving education and skills of our people improving the sustainability of our way of life improving the health and the wellness of all americans. and federal employees should not have their work and the work of their agencies contribute to the achievement of those objectives

and leaders staff in the public should all know whether we are making progress together and where work still remains to be done. finally coming to the table at the federal level cannot simply be a box-checking exercise. we are doing this because somebody said we had to do this. what good are lofty policy goals without follow-up on the ground in the small places close to home where it really matters? but we need is nothing short of a new method of executive management a method that become central every day to the important work of our federal government. our federal government's objective should be a reflection of what we value the most and is critically important things we can only accomplish together. early in my administration in the city of baltimore as mayor we would hold regularly it seems in retrospect every week town

halls, community meetings all across our city. we came together as a community and as a people to talk about our fears very often to talk about our frustrations, to talk about our hopes and i invited neighbors to come and ask me their mayor, anything. at one of these meetings i will never forget in east baltimore a little girl about 12 years old came up to the microphone and she said mr. mayor, my name is amber. there are so many drug dealers and addicted people in my neighborhood that people in the newspaper refer to my neighborhood as zombie land. i want to know if you know they call my neighborhood zombie land and i want to know if you are

doing something about it. the question that she asked of me was really a question that she was asking of all of us. do we know and are we doing something about it? because behind all of our data there are real people living their lives shouldering their struggles, working hard every day to give their children a better future and they deserve a government that works. thanks very much. [applause] thank you.

[inaudible conversations] >> you guys are very quiet. let me begin by introducing myself. i am bill galston senior fellow in government studies here brookings institution and i want to congratulate the governor on his speech. i cannot imagine a more appropriate speech to be delivered under the aegis of the center for effective public management and government studies here at brookings. let me also out on a personal

note that if you could find a way of bringing 48-hour pothole guarantees to washington d.c. i would follow you to the end of the earth. [laughter] and set with 500,000 other people. that caught my attention. >> it's hard to do in the middle of the summer. i am informed there's a little bit of wiggle room on the backend so we have close to happen our or the question and answer. math. let me tell you what the plan is. i'm going to ask you one question and then i'm going to turn to the audience first taking four or five press questions and then moving on to this very large and interested standing room audience that is gathered to hear you talk. if there's time at the end i will wrap it with a question and if not i want.

so let me begin with my question. as you know, there is a pretty long history of trying to bring effective goal-based performance measures to the federal government and to bring it more in line with the sorts of governance that you talked about in baltimore and in the state of maryland. i think it's fair to say that those efforts have met with incomplete success and a level of current trusting government reflects that. so what is your analysis of why these prior efforts haven't gotten the job done and how do you think your approach would have a higher chance of actually being able to bring goals and effective performance measures to federal government? >> i think it's important to

realize that the ability to actually collect this data and to do it in real time is a relatively recent panoma non-. 15 years ago like 90% of their requests for service came in on paper in the city of baltimore so the internet gis and intel spreadsheets and those sorts of things, they were relatively recent technology in terms of making our government work but i think one of the great variables in all of this is leadership commitment. there are many many mayors who visited our city and saw how nice it looked and how effective it was and they love the picture picture. but they lacked the commitment when they got home to actually do it every day because it does

require the leader not to shop with a megaphone from the top of the organizational triangle that requires you to be in the center of the search for truth and to be there constantly as a presence in the middle of you will of a collaborative bull -- collaborative circle. mayors have taken this a lot easier than governors. there is more and more literature coming out on the jumper in our book called government that works where he traces this. mayors embrace of person i think it's because the work of mayors do is very visible that they never enjoy some sort of information situational event knowing what was going on six months before the public. everybody knows whether their cities are becoming cleaner and safer some mayors have been embracing this first. there are a lot of governors that are now heading in this direction. there have been some points in

the federal government where it has kind of popped up their. the recovery reinvestment act was a good example but the great variable here is really executive commitment. you need the executive whether it's a mayor government or president committed to this mop 11 off press conference for a nice announcement. he or she has to be committed to this thing a new way and a new method of executive management. >> thank you very much governor and i will now turn to the press questions. i believe most of the press is in this sector so if you want to raise your hand and identify yourselves. let's wait for the mac -- microphone. sorry, should've said that.

do we have another one? >> you think congress should fast-tracked the transpacific partnership? >> i think they should read it first and i think we have to be very careful about lowering our standards whether environmental standards or whether it's how we treat workers just in the interest of getting a trade deal done for the sake of a trade deal i think when we enter into trade deals should be with a view towards guests bringing down barriers that bringing up the standards and i think we should consider very carefully and not in a precipitous way that proposed agreement. >> this is an open government question.

would you have any objection to releasing your e-mail in your tenure as governor of maryland? >> i don't know. i have many times as you know from having covered state government for many years in anapolis answered as we abide by all of our state rules on e-mails and many times turned over e-mails in response to foia even though some powerful language may have caused my mother great embarrassment. we will abide by what others -- whatever foia we have to turnover. we have a retention policy and unless there is an open foia we generally would hold on to those for a certain number of weeks and then delete them or purge them from our system. but we always have abided abided by whatever the state law was on that and i rely on my legal counsel to do that.

>> there's also no archiving requirement in maryland on e-mails deleted archive a ton of states that operational menus for all of you to peruse for eight years. >> i understand there's a press question in the back. >> i am annie from the "boston globe." i have a question related to the chairs question. you believe under the auspices of good government that an initial -- an official should use a personal e-mail or account for duties? >> i am not an expert on federal requirements for state requirements.

frankly i'm a little sick of the e-mail drama but in our state whether you used a personal e-mail or a public e-mail or a carrier pigeon it was all at public record subject of disclosure and response to foia. you are not going to ask me about e-mails are you? >> the message he brought here today governor comes to something you want to share with a national audience as a presidential candidate? >> i'm seriously considering running in 2016 and i believe that if we want to continue to heal our economy and heal our democracy we are going to have to make our government work and we are going to have to do a better job of making our government perform for the dollars that people pay. i think those three things all

go together. there is not a doubt in my mind that this is the new way of governing and getting things done. you see it emanating out of the last 15 years up from cities to states and this is our federal government should operate in some entrepreneurial department departments of the federal government are already operating this way. but it is coming just as sure of the rising tide of expectations. americans under 40 see their banks being able to operate in secure and responsible ways. they see it in retailers and they want their government to actually work and perform and function so yes i would want to talk about this whenever i can. >> i believe david milbank is a question for you. >> governor milbank from the post. this sounds like traffic stuff you're talking about perhaps it may not fire up the democratic

primary electorate. how do you propose to do that? >> i will be giving a number of talks over the course of these next couple of months including a discussion about how to make our economy work again for all of us or at least the majority of us which wages declining for 12 years in a row it's hard for us to say that our job is done. we are creating jobs again that we need to get wages going up. there are many many challenges as i alluded to at the beginning of these remarks and i appreciate brookings have an interest in effective governance and performance management which is why i came here to give this particular talk. in order to make the big challenges we face whether the security challenges, whether it's climate change or whether it's fixing what is still not working in our economy is going to require a government that works. i think people are actually far more interested in a functioning

government in effective governance and people with executive experience than we might give them credit for. >> the last press question and again moved to the audience questions. >> governor hoar you? forgive me an e-mail question to put it more directly were you satisfied with secretary clintons response yesterday which i assume you saw that she and her attorneys personally went through her cache of some 50,000 e-mails and determined on their own which ones were personal and which ones were government and turn that portion over to the state department. do you think there's a public interest in having an independent person or some other entity figure out whether all the proper e-mails were scooped up? >> jeff i respect your interest in this issue.

and i didn't watch the press conference yesterday so i don't know. i will leave that to you to figure out. i didn't watch it because i was working. [laughter] that seems like an excellent note. this does allow me to stand up. it's been my experience that the people in the back get short shrift at that brookings i'm going to reverse the usual procedure and start back there. there's a gentleman on the isle. that's right. >> good morning governor. my name is james moore a fellow at the department of urban development. you spoke about having real-time statistics on fighting crime. did ewart administration also measure community policing,

police training and building trust for citizens and communities? >> thank you. our whole campaign in 1999 james was all about community policing policing compstat and a zero tolerance policing policies that we had a robust conversation 1999 about all of that. our strategy was that we needed to improve the effectiveness of our police. we need to do a better job of policing our police which include some of those things you mentioned, training random integrity stings, beefing up internal affairs. we staffed for the first time with independent detectives are relatively new civilian review board and we put the money and to give them their own protection so they could

investigate take cases. we tracked openly and reported regularly a number of courtesy complaints and excessive force and those sorts of things. the third part of that strategy was to intervene early in their lives as young people. a better job of policing our police and intervening in the lives of young people. and we put the numbers out there all the time. we put out a big plan and we took the plan all around the city. we did town hall after town hall after town hall in every single district. when that incident happened is they do and if they will no profession is above bad incidents are bad actors. we address it in a forthright way. and we continue to put those numbers out there more openly and transparently than we ever

have before. i guess some of the strongest proof that we were able to maintain that his precious consensus and that basic level of trust was in the fact that in that first campaign after these discussions we want every single council district including two of my opponents which were the two hardest hit areas by crime and even with a much increased police effort and the rolling back of drug market and a heightened level of enforcement i was reelected with 88% of the vote. four years later. so look, there is no issue around which there is greater fear and pain in america over

our racial divisions probably than around the issue of public safety. there is just no substitute for leaders raining into the centers of those fears and leading the conversation and the dialogue and making these institutions of policing and policing the police more open and transparent. >> thank you. there is a hand right there. i can't tell who's hand it is but i'm certainly willing to recognize. >> ken snyder with the government coalition and a resident of maryland. my question is what is your definition on a high-value dataset and specifically does it include politically sensitive data? this is an in-depth problem all over the country and the governors and mayors open up their datasets. it tends to be a significant issue when it comes to

politically sensitive data and to motivate the question to provide two examples three of the questioners to the press asked about the e-mail and he responded to the psychoin. our state -- state e-mail is responsive to public information act. that is not quite true with the way it sounds. i will motivate that in my district we have a billion-dollar school district. they rotate the archive every 30 days. the public information act is 30 days. >> i'm going to have to cut you off. >> the point is you can't actually use the e-mail in such a situation and this type of loophole is widespread in maryland with a whole variety of businesses. >> maryland was named a leader

in the open data movement. i think they received an award from somebody that watches this and matches these things. i always look at open data in the operations of our government as genies that needed to be released from the bottle and it was my hope that as much data as we could get out there and open up there would be very hard once people start using it to see whether they might be with the riverkeepers organization or pta or advocates for whatever, more responsive policing. it would be hard to put those genies back in the bottle so we were a leader in the open data movement. i hope that my successor has kept that going and we also got better at a laying it or putting it out there in ways that people, that it wasn't so dizzying and it was making it easier for people to use it and

manipulated and create charts and graphs and all those things and all of that is still in evolution. on the e-mail stuff we had a retention policy but if there was a foia filed we held onto those and turned them over. we don't have an archiving requirement and it is an open question of public policy all across the country. how long should governments remain? 90 days, two days, three weeks? and open an interesting question in the age of electronic information sharing. >> i think the most important information though is really about the operations and i thought that was where you were going with your question. i've seen the looks by veteran mayors when they saw the citistat room and saw they were going to have to own their last five years of service putting it

all on line. i could almost see the looks in on people's eyes saying we have got to get out of here. but the newly-elected mayors really have fresh opportunities and these men and women when they first come in partaking the bar to constantly higher-level. i think it's also wide you are seeing people moving back to cities. nobody wants to live in a place that is becoming more dirty more dangerous and more violent. conversely while cities become more livable when they become safer pc under people moving back to them and cities are starting to function in people vote with their feet. it's not merely coincidental that people are returning to the states particularly younger people because they see that governments are being run in a more personally responsible and transparent way. >> the woman in the red dress right there.

>> hi. i marry him and i'm with the data quality campaign. we have talked a lot about crime and education. what kind of measures did you take to address graduation rates post-secondary success and which have the right outcome and did you have success in graduation rates in maryland during your term as governor? >> yes, we did. we had success in raising graduation rates. we also had tremendous success in getting more of our to take stem related ap exams and to pass them. in fact i think a greater percentage a greater percentage of students in maryland have taken stem related ap exams than any other state in the country. nd this can be found on a great on line blog

blog. it's called letters to the people of maryland and you can find it on tom burr. there's a whole section in their that has the strategies that we have pursued on education and the metrics that we looked at to drive up graduation rates ap success and on the post-secondary peace we increased acting by 37% the number of associate degrees that were awarded compared to the benchmarks in 2006 and all of this is on there as well. we did it by a number of different strategies. each of these goals by the way we developed a delivery plan for achieving those goals and that delivery plan would lay out the leading actions that we needed to take in concert to drive towards those goals. so when schools we greatly

increased responding for schools, elementary but we also went four years in a row without a penny's increase to college tuition and did a better job than any state but montana over those eight years in holding down the cost of in-state tuition. we have provided better training for a lot of our high school teachers particularly in the stem field. we have greatly increased the readiness of kids entering kindergarten to actually learn but all of this is laid out and letters to the people of maryland. i read about four blog entries a day over the last 20 days of my service and is 380 exciting pages. >> governor as i promised i would reserve the last question for myself and i would ask the audience after governor o'malley has finished answering my

question to remain seated while he was able to exit the room expeditiously. he has generously given us time for which we are grateful. governor let me just preface my question by repeating something that i told you when we were chatting. namely that i did work for about two and a half years for bill clinton's white house. in that connection a statement that you made a couple of weeks ago touches on your vision of leadership and many other things besides and i would like to give you a chance to comment on your comment. you said triangulation is not a strategy that will move america forward. history celebrates profiles of courage, not profiles of convenience.

interesting choice of words under the circumstances. so let me ask you very directly is it your view that the country does not move forward during bill clinton's term's? >> it's my view that our country can only move forward now on the power of our principles as people and whether you are talking about foreign-policy leadership, we should always be leading with our principles rather than expedience when it comes to leadership here at home home, when it comes to immigration, when it comes to the need for continued reform on wall street and instead of offering up dodd-frank light so as not to offend any democratic party loyalists in manhattan. i think we need to continue this

job and we need to do it on the principles that unite us as a people. windows refugee kids risked starvation and all sorts of suffering to arrive at our doorsteps we should stick to our principles and treat them as the generation and compassionate people that we are, people whose enduring symbol is not above our statue of liberty. that is what i mean when we say that the triangulation on not allow us to solve our problems. splitting the difference between the way things have always been done and some extremist view of the way things might be is not going to bring us forward. we have to be clear about our principles as a people. we have to have enough faith in the american people to speak the truth about the challenges we face and what needs to be done in order to overcome that. that is what i meant by that.

>> thank you very much for that answer and for your appearance here at brookings today. [applause] >> thank you all. .. stkpwr :

>> south carolina republican senator lindsay graham made his first trip to new hampshire on monday since announcing he is considering a presidential run in 2016. he spoke at a politics and eggs breakfast breakfast. there is just over an hour. senator senator graham: i feel better already knowing it is free. just remember you get what you pay for. the national guard i didn't know you could say it like you did

but this sis a wonderful experience. if this is what it is like to run for president it could be fun. that panel you mentioned who was on it, barney and who else? >> barney frank sununu. senator graham: i wouldn't want to be on a panel with barney. he's smart. anybody been to south carolina? ooh. come back and spend money. a little bit about politics and eggs eggs. whose idea was this? did you go into the wooden eggs business before -- there's always a reason behind everything.

who comes next is? ted? >> [inaudible]. senator graham: that will be $300 a plate. i don't know what i'm going to do yet but i know this. coming to new hampshire and thinking about running for president has been a ton of fun, steve. i have been here two days. the first thing i went to is the snowshoe hut. anybody know what i'm talking about? club. it is a hut, but it is a clunn. you have like 50 or 60 people who asked me every question known to mankind. very informed and put me in front of a roaring fireplace which was nice for about five minutes. i literally almost caught on fire. i thought the witch trials were over. i guess the trial by fire is what new hampshire is all about. don't ever lose what you have

got. i will go into talking about politics in a minute. but if it were not for new hampshire and iowa and south carolina you could buy the presidency. you are an ante dote to big money. i will do weddings, anything it takes to get known and everybody is expected to show up and ask hard questions hopefully in front of a roaring fire. and there is no substitute for what you create for the american people and it is a contest where you have to get to know a person who wants to be your commander in chief. i don't know what i'm going to do but i'm compelled to at least look at it for a couple of reasons. central south carolina anybody have any idea where that is? the girl that went to clemson. my dad owned the liquor store five miles from clemson. we met almost every clemson graduate.

and we loved clemson. it was good for business. but she transferred from harvard to go to clemson. go tigers. it is a small town in south carolina near clemson university. it was a textile town. anybody have family members who grew up in the textile business? the northeast and south had that in common. every plant that i knew growing up is just about closed now. we will talk about that in a bit. my dad owned a liquor store, a pool room and a restaurant. and everything i know about politics i learned in the pool room. it was really good training. that is why i know the iranians are laying. they came to the pool room and you could not trust them. at the end of the day, folks, this job of running for president, being a united states senator is something i never envisioned remotely opinion for

a guy like me. and one thing i want to tell you is that the first guy i met said you wear a sweater to politics and eggs. he was a sweater salesman apparently and a democrat. the i.r.s. will come meet him before this week is over. i grew up in a back of the liquor store in one room with my parent and they went to work every day whether they felt good or not because if you don't open up you don't get paid. it was a wonderful life. it was the neighborhood bar. and people would come in. if the shifts change full of cotton, lint and a lot of policeman will missing fingers. i will never forget that. you get to know each other pretty well. i had a lot of aunts and uncles who were called my customers.

you learn diplomacy. i remember fred. he pass the but his wife called one night when i was about eight and i answered phone and his wife asked is fred there. i ran up and said fred your wife wants to know if you are here. he said tell her i'm not here. so i went back and i said he said he wasn't here. so, i learned diplomacy at an early age you don't have to repeat everything you are told. but running a small business is challenging and rewarding. my sister is nine years younger. i never went on a vacation i can remember until i was in high school school. because you can't leave your business unless you can find somebody who won't steal you blind and that is pretty hard. so things are rocking language pretty good. i'm at the university of south carolina, first guy in my family to ever go to college.

lived in fear of failing but i made it. and i'm a junior in college, things are going pretty good and i come home one weekend and my mom is diagnosed with hodgkin's disease. about six months later she passes. she was 17 years younger than my dad. we always thought she would be around and he would go first. what can i tell you? there is no script in life. we got hit hard financially. we were an underinsured family. we had insurance to cover the four of us and when it comes to health care reform i promise you -- is that me? ok. tell them we said hey. it is that democratic guy calling. they are going to run that guy down before it is over with.

anyway, we got wiped out financially and i paid bills, healthcare bills until after i got out of the air force. about 15 month later my dad passed. i'm 22, my sister just turned 14. there are people with stories far more compelling than this but i want to let you know we are a summation of our lives. if it were not for family, friends and favorite i would not be standing here today. we moved in with an aunt and uncle who worked in the textile plants in seneca. they never had children and they helped me raise my sister. i tried really hard to get through college before my member passed but didn't quite make it. there are two things that mean something to me in life really. the ring that my mom bought me and the shotgun that my dad gave me when i was 16. i have never been much of a material person.

so, when my parents passed we moved in with my aunt and uncle and he tried to run the liquor store for a while and i would come home weekends to give him a break. i made it through college. if it were not for social security survivor benefit collection coming to -- checks coming to my sister from my parents' contribution i don't know if we would have made it. where are the aarp guys? we will have a talk about social security in a minute. when she wanted to go to college, darlene i had just got started in the air force and college loans were there for her. if not for the college loan program my sister would not have again to college. i'm a republican. proud of it. but we are one car wreck away most of us from needing somebody to help us. all i can tell you is that live life is challenging and you will

eventually get a curveball coming your way. so as eui serve the people of south carolina and think about going to the next level i want to make sure if you are knocked down in this country you have a chance to get back up. and the goal of getting you back up is to getting you a job and a rewarding career, not to keep you on the couch. what i learned as a young man growing up in a rural part of south carolina is that i don't take much for granted. when it is all said and done, when we are in our last days if you are lucky enough to live a long life and die around the ones you love you won't be thinking about any bill that you passed or speech you gave. i will be thinking about those that were there for me when i needed them the most. between now and when that day comes and if i can do the strom

thurmond think i have 40 more years and i will miss a lot of y'all. steve, you have been a good friend but you got to go, you got to go. so after i got out of the college i went into the air force and one of my best buddies pete kerry is here today. pete, could you stand up. he lived in new hampshire. he was the defense attorney and i was the prosecutor. when we had trials in places leak greece his guys got an incredibly good deal because we dragged that trial out as long as we could. where do you live? >> [inaudible]. senator graham: and you have a bed and breakfast?

who is kpwraourdy on my promotion board? >> bob. senator graham: bob, stand up. another air force jag. he was on my promotion board. that was before you had glasses apparently. so i went into the air force and i have been a prosecutor and defense attorney and military judge and i got to serve overseas with pete for 4 1/2 years in the mid 1980's when ronald reagan was president. one of the reasons i became a republican is the first two years of being an air force officer i got a 25% pay raise r r and i said i like ronald reagan. wearing the uniform of an air force officer being an air force lawyer is one of the great prides of my life. i have been to iraq and afghanistan as a reservist. any of you have family or been in the service yourself? thank all for what you do. but being a part of the military

has shaped me in a very positive way. i would give anything if the congress could act like a military unit for 30 seconds. in a military unit you don't focus on the differences. you don't focus on your political differences. you don't focus on your religious differences. you don't focus on the fact that you may support different baseball teams. you focus on the fact that the mission comes first and you focus on the fact that you are not going to let your buddy down. in politics the mission does not come first. and it is not about protecting your buddy. it is about doing as much damage to the other side as you can. that is how you get $18 trillion in debt. it takes both parties working overtime to get us this far in debt and it will take both

parties working together to get us out. so two things i want to talk to you about and i will take questions. the biggest it threat of our generation in my view is radical islam acquiring weapons of mass destruction. you are pretty close to new york. you remember where you were on 9/11 9/11? i do. i was in washington getting ready to go to work. i was on the phone in my office. they said turn on the tv, something is going on. a few minutes later the second plane hit the towers. i had my staff come to my house off capitol hill because we didn't know where to go. we didn't have a plan. i said just bring everybody down here. we watched tv like you did all day day. and that night we walked across the street, all the members of the congress, to go to the steps of the house.

i stopped in the middle of the street by longworth office building and looked down the street both ways and not a car on the road. every light was blinking yellow. not a plane in the sky. we went over as a group. the leadership of both parties spoke. and somebody behind me started singing "god bless america." i will never forget that as long as i live. i will try to do everything i can to make sewer that never happens again to our country. radical islam is a movement that cannot be appeased, compromised or negotiated with. it is a minority view of a great faith faith. and to those who think we brought this war on ourselves, you don't understand who we are fighting fighting. they are motivated by a twisted version of their religion the islamic religion to purify their

religion, to convert or kill those who stand in the way and destroy the jewish state. the only reason 3,000 of us died on 9/11 and not three million is they could not get the weapons to kill three million of us. do you believe they would if they could? do you believe they would kill as many americans if they had the capability? my goal is to keep the war off there and to fight as hard as i know how to never allow the marriage of radical islam and weapons of mass destruction. this iranian negotiation is the most important decision we will make in my political lifetime. the iranians the last 30 years have been wreaking havoc throughout the region killing american soldiers in iraq and afghanistan and when they say they are not trying to build a

nuclear wepner liars. how many do you think they have been trying to build a nuclear weapon? if you don't believe that you should not be allowed to drive in new hampshire because you are a danger to yourself and others. i want to stop the nuclear ambitions through negotiations and i applaud the administration for trying. i'm going to issue a challenge today to every person wanting to be commander in chief. do not honor a deal with iran unless the congress approves it. i have legislation that with require any bill with iran's -- deal with iran's nuclear program be approved by congress before we relieve congressional sanctions that we created. why? i want as many eyes on this deal as possible before it becomes binding and i want you to know what's in it. do you feel like you know anything about the deal?

you don't. and you deserve to know. if it is a good deal i will vote for it. if it is a bad deal i will stop it. and people ask me what is next. a bad deal is worse than no deal at all is often said but i honestly believe it. the worst outcome, ladies and gentlemen, is a north korean outcome of where we negotiate with a rogue regime, declare victory over controlling their nuclear ambitions they cheat and one day you wake up with a nut job like we have in north korea with a bunch of nuclear weapons. the difference between north korea and iran is very onlyminousominous. arabs have told me and senator mccain to our faces anything you give the iranians we want that and more. the worst possible outcome is a

nuclear arms race in the middle east. does that make sense to you? the last thing in the world we want is a bunch of nations in the middle east who have been fighting each other 2,000 years to have the capability to klg millions in an instant. so a bad deal with iran will lead to a nuclear arms race in the middle east and that is the worst possible outcome. i'm not telling you that. that is what the arabs tell us. and i believe them. israel is thought to have nuclear weapons but not one arab nation felt the need to get one to counter israel because they know israel is not going to wake up one day and blow them up. they don't feel that way about iran. iran is topped with four capitals they are disruptive to the middle east and if you give them more money do you think they would build hospitals and schools? they would invest in their military and icbm program and be

stronger stronger. if we can't get a dale i would tell the -- deal i would tell the administration keep trying. try to get a better deal. to the iranians, if you want a peaceful nuclear power program you can have it. but you will not be allowed to have the ability to develop a weapon if that is what you really want. and if you try to break out we will stop you by the use of military force. if i were president i would tell them that. i would give them a way to get what they say they want without putting our nation and israel at risk. if i saw a breakout coming, i would stop it and i would tell them the following. if you want a nuclear weapon and you are willing to go to go to war to get that nuclear with weapon, a war you will have. but you will lose.

that is the ol thing they understand over there. our mill stair going to historic lows because of budget cuts. the next president of the united states needs to gives the capability to defend against iran or anybody else that would threaten our shores. the last challenge i want to talk to you about is an $18 trillion crushing debt that is growing over time. anybody here been between 1946 and 1964? anybody born after 1964? good luck. we want our money. there are 80 million baby boomers about to retire in the next 20 years to my friends at the aarp. somebody needs to deal with that.

you could take everything the 1% in america own including their dog and not come close to balancing the budget. you content tax your way out of this problem, folks. you could eliminate the department of defense and every other department we have on the discretionary side of budget and not balance the budget. two-thirds of spending is entitlement spending plus interest on debt. by 2042 all the money you pay in taxes will go to pay the bills for plead care and social security and there will be no money left over because we are retiring in levels and numbers the system can't tolerate. when i was born in 1955 there were 16 workers for every retire yeah. how many are there today? three. how many will there be in 20 years? two. i'm the problem. i'm 59, i'm not married, don't have any kids. you got to do two things

quickly. come up with an immigration system to replace the retirement of the baby boomers. you have two choices. a rational immigration system to find workers that will supplement our economy and or you can do have what strom thurmond did have four kids after he was 67. i had one guy raise his hand but he didn't understand the question. so if we don't have a baby boom of 60-year-olds we better find people to work in this country outside this country. western europe is going knew it japan is going through it. everything is going through the same demographic shift. we are a land of immigrants. there is really natural for us. we have people that talk funny. nothing personal.

we have different accents but we have shared values. america is not a race or religion religion. it is an idea. so, here is my idea. let's do what we need to now so those coming after us will have the same hopes and dreams and ability to achieve those hopes and dreams that we did. tell me how you can save america from financial ruin without reform ing reforming entitlements. tell me how you can do it without democrats and republicans working together. tell me how you can save america without something like simpson bowles being done pretty soon. when i was a young man i needed every penny coming to my family from social security. if i had to give up some cola increases because i make

$175,000 a year to make sure people who needed the coal will more than i do, i would do it. i would ask younger people to work a little bit longer because we are all living so much longer and i would give you a chance to do that. i would tell people who make $200,000 in requirement that we will no longer give you a $109 subsidy to pay part d prescription drugs because we are having to borrow that from your grandkids. i think most people would say yes yes. but if you are not willing to ask america to sacrifice in a way that we can afford to, our best days are behind us. since 9/111%, 1% of us have been sacrificing a lot. they have come home broken. some have come home in boxes. so, when they talk about

political courage, put it in the context of what real courage is. real courage is leaving your family going to a faraway place and dealing with the craziest people on the planet to defend your nation. it doesn't take much courage to tell besomebody you have to reform entitlements to save mark. to the business community here we can talk about your business and tax code and talk about regulations. we will talk about anything you want to talk about. but there's no way to save our economy and future if you don't deal with the retirement of the baby boomers. if you don't get that right it is going to have the same effect on our economy as if islamists will a nuclear weapon. we will blow america up ourselves. and here is my promise. if i got to be president, if i decided to run and i was blessed with the job i would go to bed

every night and i would wake up every day thinking about protecting our country and making it stronger for the next generation. that is the least i could do for a country who has been so good to me. thank you very much. [applause] host: we have time for a couple of questions. senator graham:i tried to get that down to 20 minutes. we will keep working. host: please identify yourself who we though who you are with the exception of mr. dupree when you mention his name. >> i know you are in the gang of

eight but immigration. senator graham:i had six primary opponents over this issue. have you ever met and i will heal canadian? i haven't either. you have? really? i have to talk to you. you have the first guy i ever met who said they know an illegal canadians. most canadians come to myrtle beach in march and go swimming because nobody else wants to go womening in march in south carolina. we treat them well, they turn blue and they go home and they like the experience and we like having them. the people here illegally came from four corrupt countries and come here to work. it is an economic issue. you have two borders. there is no accident that one is not a problem because the one on the other side has a rule of law

nation and sound economy. the people coming here come from very bad places. how do the 11 million people come here illegally? don't you think a lot of us look the other way? anybody ever worked in a meat packing plant? anybody want to work in a meat packing plant? immigration is an economic issue, steve. and if you don't secure your border you will continue to have more people come. does that make sense? but if you don't control who gets a job it doesn't matter how high the wall is because they will keep coming. to the employers in there roomis room do you live in fear of hiring somebody illegal and trying to be honest? the system doesn't work. the only document you need to get a job in america is a social security card. anybody like ronald reagan?

i can make you ronald reagan by midnight go to boston and get you an illegal social security card. if you control who gets a job pweuby having very much believe documents you will cut off the flow in the future. if you don't increase legal immigration you will put every employer in a box. the high tech community needs workers because we are not producing enough engineers in america to service the high tech community. if you are running a meat packing plant you need workers because you can't find people to work in those jobs. i come from south carolina a big tourism state. we put on the p.g.a. in 2012, steve. we needed 600 service workers to service the tournament. under the law you have to advertise locally above minimum wage with health care benefits before you can get somebody to come in as a guest worker. we advertised in the community,

had 12 applications and three failed the drug test. we were 590-something workers short. i had to beg the department frof labor to give us a waiver so jamaican maids could come in. we are not producing enough to service and low skill labor to make sure the economy works and agriculture doesn't move to mexico or some other place where you have abundant labor. you are not going to get what you want unless the other side gets something they want. to every business person in the room, when you come to washington it seems so easy. well, why don't you just increase visas because we have a shortage. we get the fact that we have a shortage. but the caucus wants something too. they want a better life for the illegal immigrant.

and until you deal with democrats on this issue you are not going to get better border security more legal visas and a verifiable employment system because they are not going to gives all what we want without getting something. and here is the good news. nobody wants criminals, steve. if you are a gang member or drug guy, off you go. but i've come to conclude that the 11 million are not going to self-deport. does that make sense to you? to the republican party, the party of family values, let me tell you how life is in america today. many have been here illegally for a generation. they have come here as young people people, they have married, they have children that are american citizens as much as anybody in this room. families are structured that way throughout this country. hispanics are the most patriotic people i have ever met the largest percentage of minorities

in the marine corps are hispanic. let me give you an example of the problem the republican party has. sergeant gonzalez, and i'm making up a name, served two tours in afghanistan in the marines. he comes back home and he says hey, where is grandma? she is illegal. you haven't heard? she is walking back to mexico. that is self-deportation. drive his grandma out. he's not going to let his grandmother walk back to mexico any more than you would let your grand mother walk back to mexico. he's probably going to have a hard time listening to my economic machine for a revitalized america if he believes i'm the guy that wants his grandmother to walk back to mexico. i've got one goal, steve. fix this permanently. i don't want 11 million 20 years from now. our bee loved ronald reagan gave

three million people amnesty and they didn't secure the board and didn't increase legal immigration or change how you controlled who gets the a job. if you don't do those three things you will have waver after wave after wave. but if you do them right that will be the end of illegal immigration. to get a bill passed in the united states congress you have to deal with democrats if you are a republican and vice versa. i wish they would go away but i don't see that happening any time soon. so i have been in the gang eight, the gang of six, any gang you want i have been in it. i have been trying to solve this problem because it sis a national security problem. it sis one thing to put a roof on a house and another toboro it off. 40% here illegally never came across. all the hijackers overstayed their visa. if the national security cultural and economic problem and if you can't access labor in

the future our economy will die. finally, i want a merit based immigration system to replace the current one. that you get points toward a green card based on the ability to speak the language and ability to provide a job skill in demand in america. merit based immigration. after the 11 million, if we allow you to stay if you are not a crook, you have to speak our language, learn the english language as a condition of staying. as poorly as i speak it, it has helped me. you have to pay tax -- excuse me -- a fine for the lawyer break. you don't get paid under the table and you have to wait 10 years before you can apply for a green card as a punishment and when you do you have to get back in the line of those who have been patiently waiting. it could take 15 to 18 years but

i don't want people staying in our country all of their lives without a chance to be part of who we are. the european experience has been a bad experience in europe. we are not the country of the hired help. i have been working on this since 2006. i hope the republican party can make some progress in 2015. but if america doesn't get immigration right, our economy can't degree in the future. the hispanic voters of south carolina you could put in this room. one thing i have tried to offer the people of south carolina, political leadership, not focused on my next election but focused on the next generation. thank you. host: other question? >> thanks for coming to new hampshire. i wonder if you could talk about sequestration.

our folks who depend on research funding at universities, on education, on the student loans you mentioned that you benefited from are very concerned about sequestration coming back. senator graham: do you know what he is talking about? it is latin for politicians doing really dumb things. we are going to spend $47 trillion the next decade of your money. the goal was to find $1.2 trillion in savings over a decade. a noble goal. the punishment for the super committees failure was goal sequestration. it was to be so onerous that nobody would fail. while we thought the super committee would work what no other committee works i don't know. i guess calling it super was the key. well they super fell sort. now we are in a budget across the board cutting exercise.

the discretionary budget is about 35% of all federal spending. we are down to 2008 levels on the discretionary side. if you don't deal with entitlements where most of the money is you are never going to biological -- biological the budget. the n.i.h. c.d.c. department of education are going to be at historical levels of spending by the end of the decade when we need the n.i.h. and c.d.c. badly. the f.b.i. and c.i.a. who defend us in another form are going to have buckets you wouldn't believe how low and we will be firing f.b.i. and c.i.a. agents instead of hiring more as the enemy gets stronger. on the military said half of sequestration is out of the military. we cut $489 billion out of military. by the end the dead it will be 2.3% of g.d.p. on national security.

historical average is 3.5%. does it make sense to you to have the smallest army since 1940 and smallest navy since 1915 by the end of this decade? does that make any sense at all given the threats we face? how do you fix sequestration? lindsay graham. roger wicker, three democrats and three republican respect trying to find a way to buy back the $540 billion left on sequestration to avoid destroying the student loan program and gutting the military military. this is something that can't wait until the next presidential election. you have to get republicans, democrats substituting the cuts. you need to coast some loopholes in the tax code that benefit the few at the expense of the many and take that to buy that sequestration. you need to skwraufradjust adjust

entitlements. to those that get over $200,000 and get a subsidy from medicare part d i would rather take that and buy back sequestration because you can afford it and the military and other parts need it. it will take a bass mini simpson pwoerls. to the republican party i will not allow us to pass a budget that spend less on defense than barack obama. ronald reagan is rolling over in his grave because his republican party thought it was a good idea to put the defense department on a chopping block as a penalty if you cannot find a budget agreement that with barely move the needle on the overall debt. only congress could find this way to cut there small amount and destroy the defense department. this is the system dumbest thing

in being in congress to point out one thing is pretty hard. the single dumbest thing i have seen since being in congress. gutting the military at a time we need it most and not achieve anything of substance in return in terms of dealing with the overall debt and putting the parameters that you and -- programs that you and your families depend on at risk. one senator is the mother of two young children. she's one of the rising stars in the body. she's been at the table on immigration immigration, she's at the table on finding a replacement to sequestration. thank you for sending her. jean shaheen has been very good to work w. almost everybody in new hampshire is a woman in government. you have one guy in congress, right? new hampshire is isil he is worst nightmare women running

the place. host: another question. >> thank, senator. great presentation. your priorities are right. security of the country comes first, really. i'm a spokesperson for aarp. we talked before. i'm glad you mentioned about your sister 14 years old helped by social security. here in new hampshire we have 18,000 children on social security security. it sis financially challenged. we all agree. we would like to know what would be on the take for consideration in strengthening social security today. senator graham: what would be on the table is making it solvent for 75 years so that the people coming after us would have it. how many of you have a 401-k

plan? how many of you worry about outliving your 401-k machine? social security in the future will be as person to the american worker as it was in 1935. you could hit rally outlive your 401-k plan and it is the only defined benefit plan left in america unless you work for the government. 50% of today's seniors would be in poverty without a social security check. what would i do to save it? i would give up some of my future benefits to a means test to make sure it was there for people like my family in the future. because i can gift up some. i'm in a good forth do it and i would give it in a new york minute. when it comes to coal will la -- cola increases i would take less because i can afford it and save it for those that can't. change c.p.i. in a more measured

way i would do to make sure the benefit plan is going to survive the requirementtirement of the baby bottomers. doing nothing regarding social security means in about 20 to 30 years you will cut benefits for everybody or have a massive tax increase to keep the system going. i will not let that happen as long as i'm in the senate and if i do run for president and got to be president i would get the aarp in a room and everybody who cares about social security and we would lock the door until we got it right like you do the pope. and there would be white smoke coming out. it would be the desire of my presidency if i were president to get this fixed once and for all so seniors don't have to live in fear of being without. but to do nothing destroys social security. to do nothing increases taxes and reduces benefits.

to those who think we should do nothing, you are the author of the demise of social security. do those who think we can do there without asking some to sacrifice i'm dying to know how because i can't figure it out. i think a little bit of leadership on there goes a long way. i would make sure up are income americans would still get a check but they would have to sacrifice a little bit to protect those who need it most and i would keep it solvent as far as the eye can see getting us through the baby boom retirement. as for medicare we will have to adjust theage of retirement to harmonize it with social security. as healthcare how many think obama care may be stricken this summer by the supreme court? as to the republican party what is your substitute? i think the republican party

should come up with a health care plan, a set of principles and every republican running for every office in the land should say i agree with these following principles. and the first principle would be talk to democrats. we are not going to do to them what they did to us. the first principle is take some things that work out of obama care and keep it. nobody should be denied coverage because you have been sick before. i have been through that. it is ok to have your children on your policy until you are 26. i'm ok with that. the american dream used to be, you know your children having a better life than you have. the american dream now is getting your kids out of your house. the bottom line is when it comes to healthcare reform more

competition buy across straight lines, medical malpractice reform, a few things i could go into detail that i won't. the number one prim -- presently is to require the parties to work together because they have ideas, too. so the real challenge is not social security. we could fix it on the back of a napkin. the real challenge is medicare. >> with regard to the radical islamist threat, congress has the power to declare war and that power is not limited to territorial states. what is your position with regard to having a clean declaration of war against isis and other radical islamist groups? senator graham: i'm sure y'all have to go to work here in a few minutes so this is a good one to end on.

is that ok? we will have an authorization to use military force that will come to the congress that is already there. the president of the united states has broad power as commander in chief to conduct war. i don't believe in 535 commander in chiefs. now, when it comes to being commander it commander in chief i find the current one lacking. next time you vote for president make sure the guy or gal at least ran a lemonade stand or bought a car. enough about obama. the authorization to use military force is constructed in such a fashion it will not allow us as to degrade and destroy isil. it has a three-year time limit. probably not a good thing to go to war with a time limit. it will the limitation on ground forces that i don't understand. i was a judge advocate in 33 years.

i retire in august if i don't get court-martialed. i don't know how to inform a military commander what the rules of engagement with no enduring offensive capability. what do you tell the commander at what point can you shoot them before they shoot you. what is the prohibition of no enduring offensive capability mean and how do you translate it in terms of rules of engagement. here is the fatal flaw it the current one. syria is the biggest problem. assume you get iraq put back together and we can deviate isil. if you don't defeat them in syria they will come back. you have to have a ground come upon the. i hate to tell you but we are going to have to go back. the good news is we don't need 100,000 but if you don't have ground forces in syria and iraq we will lose. our air friends i appreciate very much but one reason we need

to be on the ground is make sure they don't start shooting each other. i'm not going to outsource our security to some mythical arab army that doesn't exist in syria and won't allow the iraqis to deviate isil alone because isil is a threat to us, too. so the first question do you feel threatened by isil? there are 4,000 western passport holders that will come here like they did in trance so the -- france so the sooner you beat them the better and it is in our national security interest to defeat them. you need an american ground component and i worry this would limit the size and scope. you need air controllers and apache helicopters and american air power and logistical support and people on the ground doing things they can't do to make sure they win because if they lose we lose. then you go to syria. this idea of training the free syrian army made accepts three

-- sense three years ago but they have condition des plated. the number trained this year is 5,000. isil is recruiting faster than we can train the syrian army. if we send a praoefree syrian army in europe and assad tries to blow them up through an air attack because he knows they will 10 on him can we engage assad's air force to protect the people we train and they said no. this authorization doesn't allow us to provide air coverage to the people we trained two fight isil on our behalf. it will fail because assad will kill them. that is immoral that is militarily unsound. so i will not vote for an authorization to use military force that ties the military's hands so we can't win the war we must win. i'm so sorry we have to go back. i'm really sorry we have to go

back. we should have left some troops behind. we may have made a mistake going into iraq. bush made tons of mistakes. he did self-correct. so at the end of the day the authorization to use military force would be simple if i wrote it. do what you have to tkodo to destroy isil. stay as long as you need to stay. go where you need to go to kill or capture these bastards. they represent the worst in humanity. they are on the rise. they are an army not just a terrorist organization. and we are returning out of time. there are more terrorist organizations with more capability and more weapons and more people and more safer havens to taebgattack america than any time since 9/11. if i were president, here is what i would do.

there they are large, entrenched and they are rich. if i were president they would be poor, small and on the run. and we would go back and we would stay this time. and we would stay until we get it right. and the day after you defeat isil, iraq and syria all hell is going to break out. and if we don't stay behind we will never get these countries back on their feet. so if you are looking for somebody to give you an easy way out don't come to me. the only way we are going to win this war is through a generational struggle where we side with those who will live in piece with us and -- peace with us and most people over there want to live in peace with us and everybody else and they don't want to give their daughters to isil. they have the will to say no. we have to give them the capacity to say no. we have to transfer to them military capability and the ability to run an economy and

good governance, something we take for granted here. that is a generational struggle. to those in my party who say we need to get out of there, that is not the right answer. we need to stay over there so they don't come back here. and i don't know how to defend america without having some much us over there. i don't know how to beat radical islam about building up others who would do the fighting. this is a generational struggle and here is how it ends. we will win eventually. the only question is how many people must die before that day comes. this is the 190's all over -- 1930's all over. hitler wrote a back and nobody believed it. to our friends in israel, you are not the problem. the problem is that israel is not the threat to america. to our friends in israel i will

never, ever abandon you. to our friends in israel, you stand for all the right things. you are not a perfect country. to our arab friends, you want a better life? i will help you get there. to radical islamists, you will be deviated. god bless you. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] host: we want to thank the stphror for finding time out of his busy schedule the two days

to stop by politics and eggs and we welcome almost back. we have a feeling he may be spending a little more time in new hampshire and if and when you make that -- senator graham: graham:this could be the new come david. host: if you milwaukee that decision, we is ask you make it here at politics and eggs to let people know what your plans are. senator graham. . i shall return. thank you. i appreciate it. we are going to back and get it right this time.

>> thank you for your position on immigration. i only wish the house would get on board. senator graham: if they don't we are in trouble. you have done something good for new hampshire politics. >> how did this idea come to? politics and eggs? whose idea was politics and eggs. host: i was helping bob dole and

i said the business community was not get involved so we had a subscription safrpbsd everybody subdescribed and we were a year ahead of time you were going to see the candidates and eventually it morphed into this. we had the new england council involved in the beginning and it has just taken off and it has become a must do. may i get a picture of you with brian? senator graham: thank you. host: wouldn't declaration of war deal with all the issues? senator graham:not really. you can use it under the law of war. without -- >> why are we putting these

idiots on trial. senator graham. . when you declare war you change all the issues and economics of it if there is another attack on the country you are not covered. we can do all tpwhaoed with this. >> nice clean one, one sentence. senator graham: you will be deviated. >> how are you? i'm a city councilmember. senator graham: i was a city attorney and you have nobody to blame blame. this is the last line. >> given your past -- senator graham: a carbon economy needs to come about with creating jobs. whether it is a cleaner

sraourplt there needs to be a coalition of environmental and business people to create jobs and create lower car been economycreating a better economy, but also using the fossil fuels we have today, more than we buy from canada. you're not going to display fossil fuels for the next 50 years, but you can start with a lower carbon economy that will create jobs to protect the future. >> what about international agreement? senator graham: the problem is, the problem with china, india and china -- the two largest carbon emitters. people want to copy it because it is good for the consumer and good for the government. i do not know that an agreement with china and india will help. >> how are you?