and we look forward to seeing you here tomorrow morning. have a great monday. >> this afternoon, we will be live with a discussion on battery technology steve levine. he is the author of the powerhouse inside the innovation of the battery to save the world and is expected to talk about the technical challenges of next-generation energy stored and what it could mean for the renewable energy sector. live coverage of that starting at 12:30 a.m. eastern. at six :00 eastern, we will discuss finance and helping entrepreneurs around the world.

seeking at the strategic international studies and we will have the remarks live starting at six ago p.m. eastern. starting tonight on c-span profiles of congressional freshmen. we begin with republican steve russell of oklahoma who talks about his career in the army his new life in congress, and his childhood experiences. >> tonight, on the communicators. author vincent moscow on the development of cloud storage and the data and how the government is using it. >> security is building one of the world's largest cloud data centers in a secure mountain facility in utah. it is doing so because it's surveillance needs require that amount of storage and security. the u.s. government's chief

information officer three or four years ago ordered u.s. government agencies to move to the cloud. as a result, even civilian agencies are turning to cloud services. >> tonight at 8:00 eastern on the communicators on c-span2. >> today is the day tens of thousands will gather annually on the white house lawn, the south lawn for the annual easter egg roll. the weather is perfect for it. president obama and for city michelle obama is hosting the tradition. this year's theme is "gimme five." mark noller tweets kids are using various a rolling techniques on the south lawn including pushing, flinging, and dragging the eggs. it is one of the longest standing white house traditions.

in 1878, president rutherford b. hayes open the grounds for children and a growing. martin o'malley was in new hampshire last week and he spoke at a politics and eggs breakfast cohosted by the new england council and new hampshire institute of politics. we have that one hour and 15 minute event followed by a 10 minute conversation with reporters. >> one more and then you can do the sitdown.

>> i went to the university of maryland for law school are. >> nice to have you here. >> thanks. good to be with you all. [applause] martin o'malley: thank you. thanks a lot.

thank you very much, jim. president da silva, thank you for having me here. it is nice to see the sun out. are you all a little tired of the snow by now? soon i know that in the right of spring that many of you will be flocking to trains and airports to flood camden yards with red sox fans. spring is upon us. it is wonderful to be here with all of you. thank you so much for the privilege to join you this morning and to talk with you and search with you for where the next chapter of this great story that we have the ability to write together as americans and that is the story of us. it is the story of you and me. it is the story of new hampshire and maryland and all of us as we

look for a better way to move forward out of these polarized and divided times. i see some old friends here but i also see a whole lot of people i have never met before. indulge me for a second. i would like to share with you a little bit about myself and the family in which i was born and raised. my parents, tom and barbara o'malley, were two great americans of the generation that tom brokaw has called the greatest generation. they of course would not take that title on themselves, but they were wonderful, gray, and loving people. my mom's people, although she had a strain that when all the way back to the american revolution, most of her people were immigrant people. they were germans who fled germany during bismarck's -- and they came into the land of opportunity.

the land of opportunity that was known around the world even then as the place where if you worked hard, you can get ahead. you can get your children a better future. my debts people -- my dad's people were sadly all irish. [laughter] i am a bit of a mix, but my dad's people were all irish. they were often greeted with signs and shops and windows that read no irish need apply. he never forgot that and neither have i. my dad was able to go to college but only after flying 33 missions in a be 24 liberator over japan. he went to college because of a generous, compassionate, and a farsighted nation that understood the more as people learned, the more its people will earn and the better they will do at giving their children a future that is better.

i was raised one of six kids. , barbara o'malley had six kids. dad was a solo practitioner. we used to refer to him as atticus finch from to kill a mockingbird. i was born in 1963, so some of you might relate. six children in an irish catholic family at the time was considered a midsized i was catholic family. some thought we might be lutheran spies. [laughter] only six children. we were raised in a household and i say this directly to the young people who are here i was lucky to be raised in a household where my parents taught all of us that public service was a noble service. voting is a sacred duty and we have the ability together to make our own future as a nation.

the only thing wrong with politics is not enough good people bothered to track or bothered to get involved. we were taught a few other things. we were taught to love mercy, to do justice, and walk-on we with our got -- and walk humbly with our god. there are certain core believes that unite all of us. a belief in the dignity of every individual. a believe in our own responsibility to advance the common good and understanding we are all in this together. we really need each other if we are going to succeed. these are the people i came from. they are the people made me. after college, i went to baltimore. land of the free and home of the brave. i went there for law school. all of us have a connection to baltimore.

every time we go to a baseball game or any other function, we sing the star-spangled banner. we celebrated our 200th anniversary just last year. terrific celebration. the star-spangled banner was inspiring. many of us don't know the story as well as we know the song. the american dream was hanging by a thread in 1814. washington had been burned to the ground. we could see the glow of the fires of washington from baltimore. the british general at the time while standing in the midst of the ashes of washington with amber and the public buildings the british general said i am going to march on baltimore. i am going to dine there. even then we had great restaurants in baltimore. [laughter]

and then i am going to burn baltimore to the ground. we knew they were coming for us. imagine the sort of feelings that swept her our town than that swept through our town then. anger, fear, disbelief. confidence totally shattered. trust guonone. of these of finding moments in our history, when it seems our future and the future of the american dream is hanging by a thread, that final thread that holds us just could be the strongest. 50% of us were immigrants. one out of five of us were black citizens of this still imperfect country.we managed to transform our grief and loss and fear. instead of digging graves, we don't trenches and built ramparts by the sea.

we face down the most powerful shock and all force on the planet in its day. as you sing that song today, remember this. and the threads that sowed the stars and stripes were somewhat like an white hands. men and women's hands. hands of freedom. and the bondage -- hands of bondage and the thread that holds them is the same thread that holds us together now. it is the threat of human dignity. the dignity of neighbor helping neighbor. the dignity of home. the dignity of place. the dignity of work. fast forward. 1999, after i had served two terms on the baltimore city council, there was a different sort of battle taking place on the streets of baltimore. this time, we were losing. we had allowed our city to become the most violent, most

addictive, and the most abandoned city in america. against that backdrop, i decided to try. i ran for mayor. we proclaimed from a notorious drug corner that there is more that unites us than divides us. the forces of hope and despair can no longer how exist on the corners of our streets. we ran a campaign about justice and a campaign about injustice and a campaign that proclaimed most of what only the our city there is no such thing as a spare american. we are all in this together. we saw trash in our streets and we cleaned it up. with the open-air drug markets and we began to relentlessly close them down. doing the things that work. bringing forward the new form of government with openness transparency and performance management that was able to make our government work again. guess what? when the people of baltimore saw

the government was working, they rallied also. baltimore went on to achieve the biggest reduction in part one crime of any major city in america over those next 10 years. with the american dream hanging by a thread, we pushed back. we came together. that dream lives to get -- lives today and baltimore once again. we sometimes have short memories as americans. none of us will soon forget what we have gone through over these last seven years in this recession. seemed like our entire economy was hanging by a thread. yet instead of giving up, we pushed back. we came together. we elected a new president to make tough choices and not a single one of them was popular. they were necessary for our common good, for our national interest. we have battled back. . as we battled back, every state has a decision to make.

the cast aside the failed worn-out, trickle-down exclusive economic policies of our past that drove us to the recession. instead, we embraced the economics and politics of inclusion. instead of doing less, we did more to educate our children at higher and better levels. instead of doing less, we did more to make college more affordable for more people going or years in a row without a penny's increase to college tuition. we invested more in infrastructure, wastewater broadband, as well as our highways and our mass transit infrastructure. because we understand that a stronger middle class is actually the cause of all economic growth, we became the first state in the nation to pass a living wage law. we raised the minimum wage.

we extended prevailing wage to more public projects like school construction than we ever have before. we expended collective-bargaining. made it easier for workers to have the voices heard because we wanted wages to go up and not down. we also recognized the important truth that no economy has ever created prosperity by concentrating wealth at the very top and hoping eventually the clouds would burst. that is not the way our nation was built. an economy is built from the middle out and from the middle of. -- middle up. we did things that affirmed we were together. we passed marriage equality. we passed the dream act. we made it possible for hard-working new american moms and dads to get a drivers license.

so they can get to and from work and take care of their family. we affirmed the truth that we are all in this together. and that we need each other. and that more people that are included in the life of our state, the better we are all able to do. the proof was in the results. number one median income in america eight years in a row. not only a aaa bond rating defended all through those recessionary years with fiscal responsibility and tough choices. but also a better rate of job creation than our neighbors who were able to achieve north and south of us. the pew foundation named this one of the top states for upward economic mobility at a time when our entire nation is wondering what we must do in order to strengthen and grow our middle class again. the choices we made were not

things we did by chance. they were things we did because they were easy. there were things that we did because we understood we had the power to make the american dream true, at least in our own part of this great country. let me share with you a little bit of what i have been hearing as i traveled around the nation. i might even ask you this question. show of hands, how many of you believe firmly that you have enjoyed a better quality of life then your parents and grandparents have a joint -- and grandparents have enjoyed? razor had. second question. how many of you believe just as firmly that your children and grand children will ensure a

better life that you have had? raise your hands. that is the great question at the center of the kitchen table of our democracy. it is true that because of tough choices, our country did not sink into the second great depression. we have been coming back. there are many signs we are doing better as a nation now that we were certainly seven years ago. 60 months in a row, a positive job creation. that is like five years of consistent month over month job creation. that is the good news. why is it then that more of us today feel more pessimistic about our children's opportunities than we did four years ago? it is because wages in america

for the vast majority of moms and dads and their families have actually been going down over the last 12 years and not up. until wages start going up, until we make the american dream true again around the kitchen tables of america, we cannot let up. we have to continue to look to one another for answers to solve this problem. 50 years ago, the average employee at gm could send a child to college on two weeks wages. that is not true anymore. not true anymore.

we need to figure out. when need to draw lessons from what our parents taught us about what we must do today. there is a despond and see out there. there is a darkness that has crept deep inside the soul of our country. when you to acknowledge it and hold it up and reject it for what it is. the washington times recently wrote a headline and i quote " the american dream is dead." to the headline writers and pundits who would declare a premature obituary for the american dream, we must all say not on our watch. not on our watch. we have better choices to make, and we still have the time to be the great americans our parents and grandparents were. we are going to have to make choices that are consistent with the truth of how our economy works.

this means we have to make the american dream real. just as they in a bipartisan way raise the minimum wage so that family that worked hard could actually take care of the kids above the poverty line, we too must do that. we must raise the threshold for overtime pay. back in the 70's, two thirds of households were able to earn overtime pay in the course of a year. we haven't raised the threshold. now the only people that qualify for overtime in this country are people working at the poverty level. we have two expanded social security, not dismantle it. would have to make the investments to educate innovate, and rebuild. just as teddy roosevelt did, we have to be willing to stand up to powerful wealthy special interests whenever their prerogatives and their narrow perspectives threatens the national interest, threatens our national economy, and threatens to wreck the homes, livelihoods, and hopes of americans.

i was on the front lines and so are you. the activity that took place on wall street that led to this crash might have happened far from our states, but the damage happened in every neighborhood. millions of jobs, millions of homes. instead of following through on the reforms the people expected, we backed off. seems like one party is entirely owned by big money and the other is merely intimidated by it. people expect better. they play by the rules and work hard and they expect wall street to play by the rules and they expect the government to be on their side and stand up for us. stand up for our national interest. the great american: laureate --

american poets laureate bruce springsteen once asked the question is the dream alive if it doesn't come true or is it something worse? we have the ability to make that dream come alive again. to make it true not just for a few of us, but for all of us. the central question on the table of our democracy is this -- how do we make our economy work again for all of us? we do that by bringing forward the lessons of our parents and grandparents who understood that the stronger we make our country, the more our country can get back to us, to our children, and to our great children. we must realize in the search for these answers, and in understanding one another, and

the problems we face in the reality we share, and the promise will for our children that if we step up to the plate, we have to realize the greatest power we have is the power of our principles. the principles that say yes there is a national interest, there is a common good, and our government is created to defend and protect it just as lincoln understood. the principles that say the stronger we make our country the more she gets back to us just as eisenhower understood when he built the highways that connected us. we have to realize that in fact, we are all in this together. this commanding against any people -- discriminating against any people by race or gender or sexual orientation is wrong. that is why marriage equality is a human right.

not a state right. one refugee kids come central america -- from central america risk death and starvation to come here to the united states for refuge, we do not pen them up and turn them away at the border. we welcome them as the generous and compassionate people we have always been. the enduring symbol of our country is not the barbed wire fence. it is the statue of liberty. these are our principles. we are americans. we make our own destiny. not time our chance. to make that logic ours. we do it for one important reason, and that is to give our children a better future. this is what it means to be free. this is what it means to be americans. this is the story that we have the ability to write together.

this is the story the world needs us to read together -- to write together. i leave you with the words of douglas -- frederick douglass also one of my favorite republicans. he said we are one. our cause is one. we must help each other if we are to succeed. thanks very much. [applause] >> we have time for a couple of questions. if you could introduce yourself, i will ask my friend ruth ellen from aarp new hampshire to as the first question. >> thank you very much governor.

i am very excited about what you said about social security. part of the baby boomer generation, i have sometimes been called part of the silver tsunami. we are concerned with strengthening social security for us as well as protecting it from our children and grown children so they can enjoy it but we have. martin o'malley: the question is social security and making sure we strengthen it and that we expand it. one of the big changes that has happened over 30 years of following this felt economic model of concentrating wealth at the top and keeping wages low and systematically deregulated on wall street is weak dismantle pensions -- is we dismantle pensions for millions. i have talked to people in banking and investment and it

used to be retirement was a really good stool -- was a three legged stool. now that three legged stool for far too many people has become a one legged stool. you talk about a silver tsunami. we can handle these changes in demographics. the baby boomers coming through creates some challenges for social security, but nothing like the challenges we experience as a nation if we resigned ourselves to the fate of so many of our senior citizens ending their years in abject poverty. when he to strengthen and expand social security. when he to pass immigration reform. we need wages to go up so programs like social security are able to be sustained and also expanded.

governor great to see you. great to be here. i love your question about the next generation because i worry about my daughter and the next generation. the thing i worry about is national debt. what is your view and how can we get it under control.co governor o'malley: you have probably had a number of other governors coming through this room. one of the things governors are fond of fading is in our faith we have to that would budget every year. that is true. in our state we balance the budget every year. we are triple a bond rating and make a lot of tough cut. the national government sometimes does run up deficits and sometimes does run of debt. it is often times out of necessity.

the best way to bring down the debt, and the best way to continue to bring down annual deficit spending is to grow the economy. we cannot cut our rate of prosperity. you can try. they have tried with some other states and were routinely downgraded in the bond rating because that is not the way you create wealth, whether it is in a state or country. there are a few things we have to do a better job of as a country. none more important than making the economy grow and get wages to go back up. one of the surefire ways is to continue for wages to climb instead of going up in the united states of america. so first and foremost we have to return to the economic principles that our parents and grandparents understood. that will make our economy grow.

that will allow us to be able to manage our debt down, and also to continue to reduce the deficit. it is counterintuitive, given some of the noise and rhetoric out there. in terms of average in will ending increases percentage-wise, there has not been a time in modern times in -- where average and will increases were smaller. the problem is we are not making the average annual increase investment and the things that matter, that make our country smaller. it is all about violent. i believe the greatest threat is not the debt. it is a declining middle class. when we turned around, we will turn the other arrows in the other direction as well. flex governor, today as you know

is the deadline in the talks about nuclear power. i wonder, what are the key elements that should be in any agreement >> and you better have , without which this done when the united states should walk away? the question was about the negotiations underway to prevent iran from the taming -- obtaining a nuclear weapon or capacity to build one. i think all of us hope for positive resolution of the negotiations. i am not sure if your state did this. we passed some of the toughest sanctions in 2008. credit to all of those who worked so hard including john kerry at this very moment to assemble iran at the table and prevent them from having a nuclear weapon. that is the bottom line that any deal needs to prevent iran from

developing a nuclear weapon and needs to be verifiable and open so that the international community can police it and those are the elements that i think are most important. >> governor, thank you for being with us. i'm happy to say that a son of one of those general motors -- one of your former colleagues, governor pence is in the news regarding the religious freedom act signed in his state. and how you would approach it as governor and a former lawmaker. governor: the wave of anti-gay anti-ledges -- lesbian legislation is reprehensible and

is counter to everything we stand for as a people. it is wrong and it is a thinly veiled -- there is a thinly veiled i think the gig is up. your people and businesses and leaders stepping up and saying not only is this wrong or counter to who we are as americans, it is bad for business. in our state we adopted policies of inclusion. antidiscrimination laws to protect transgender people as well as making marriage equality a civil right that is enjoyed equally in our state. some of those things actually contributed to white the united states chamber of commerce hardly a mouthpiece for the maryland democratic party named our state the number one state for innovation and entrepreneur ship.

economic inclusion, part of that is making wages go up so that workers earn more and we can be better customers for business, but part of it is also about creating an open society when the talents of all are respected, needed and welcomed and people can feel at home and contribute to the creative life of the economy and state. my mom is from indiana and i know there are a lot of good people and this sort of ugly legislation is not consistent with the truer spirit of the people of our nation or indiana. >> thank you for being here.

as a parent of young children in school one of my big concerns is the damage that no child left behind has done and the forced testing that has essentially created a bare minimum of what children should learn rather than encouraging innovation and some of the programs that allow for much more experiential education and creativity. i'm just wondering how you would incorporate some of that into your campaign. >> in case someone listening at home, the question was about how we restore in our country public education that respects the creativity and innovation and develops the whole child the look, we have to have accountability in all of our public institutions. back in 2002, perhaps 2003 our city the pioneer in the performance measurement sweeping across the city, we receive the

innovations in government award from the kennedy school and this was our innovation. we started measuring output. we started measuring output and holding ourselves accountable, not for what the budget is this year or might be next year that we held ourselves accountable for the things we were achieving for the outputs, not only in terms of potholes and crime reduction and cleaning up the illegal dumping but we have to hold ourselves accountable in public education. as difficult as this has been and sometimes as oppressive as the standardized test appears to be, we have to be able to measure our performance without it killing our creativity. we are capable of doing that as

a people. in our state, we created a polling instrument that every year asked all of our teachers in the classroom, how are we doing? what are we doing well? how can we do it better? in other words, what is the learning environment. we also put forward some requirements to keep art and music in our schools because it becomes such an easy excuse when principals feel pressured to make achievement levels go up at the first thing they do is kill the programs that make a child look forward to going to school. that doesn't seem to work very well. i think our kids learn better when we understand that it is about stem, more states have more kids taking a passing course but it is also about art and music. it is about wellness and well-being. it is about environmental literacy and making the whole person, i think we have the

opportunity to do it, with the advancements in digital learning and the ability of the ipad to deliver material consistent with what cognitive science tells us is the best way an individual child learns and to do it in a more holistic way. we cannot treat teachers like they are the enemy. we have to respect teachers and we have to work collaborative to do the things that worked to raise a whole child. as we hold ourselves publicly accountable for the dollars that come in, we also increased our funding for public schools. we did not decrease it. we would from $4 billion a year to $6 billion a year. our kids did not let us down. >> one or two more questions. there are some students committee for the first time

will be voting in the presidential election and many other people have been voting to pull -- two or three presidential elections, yet to get young people back into the process of being engaged and eventually voting. i believe you will see a huge turnout in the next election. i don't buy that they are all disappointed and despond and and have checked out. what i see is a big generational shift in our country. people under 40 and younger people understand that our better days are more prosperous and secure days are going to come from being more closely connected to one another. not from running away but from addressing our problems, not only the problems of affordable college with susan directly and immediately but the problem of

making our economy work for all of us and being leaders of this indispensable nation and confronting climate change and embracing the opportunities out there in the world. the other thing i noticed about young people -- i count myself as the older people is understandably, for the last 14 years we have been very focused on the threats of this world as americans. as the threat imposed here in the homeland. young people while appreciating the threats also see the opportunities and if we can bridge to that better balance if we can speak to it, if we can speak to the aspirations still in the heart of every american to be engaged in this world of healing and giving and compassionate ways that uplifts all of humanity, you will see a big turnout in this election.

of that i have no doubt, but we have to speak and give voice to that optimism that they innately feel in their own hearts. >> one final question? >> thank you for coming in today. >> to we get extra credit for raising your hand? >> i wish. i too am the oldest of six kids. i was wondering what your plan would be for student loans and tuition, i'm a freshman in my sister's funny to go to saint ann's next year and my parents are really struggling to find how they will send all of their kids to college.

i'm wondering what your plan will be how to help arens pay for tuition in the future? >> this is one of the great questions that i am asked everywhere i go around the country. how do we make college more affordable again? i think there are several aspects. it is absolutely outrageous that you can buy a home for lower interest then you can go to college. the 7% compounded interest that builds up before a kid is out of college, makes it impossible for them to go buy a home or start a family or do the things that make our economy grow. i think we need to give serious consideration to making it easier and finding ways to refinance the bubble of debt out there. we found the ways to bail out banks. thanks that gambled with our money.

we can certainly bail out the american dream that will otherwise labeled -- labor under debt. we need to find a way to refinance a lot of bad debt the kids are under today and i believe our national government plays a role in that. we also have to find ways to redesign the whole educational process where higher ed is concerned. we have to be a lot more flexible and adaptable. the doesn't mean college will go bankrupt, but it does mean they moved to copy to its, allowing some people to learn in different ways and some can learn online, on their own with guidance like southern new hampshire university. we also have to redefine that -- redefine that fourth year of high school's when we graduate you not only have a diploma worth something but also a certificate and trade in demand for the advanced manufacturing industries and a year of college credit under your belt by the time to graduate from high school. and we need to pursue all of the strategies together. if we do that we will restore the american dream for a lot of kids. and make our economy better at

the same time. we should ignore knowledge that sometimes we get down on what our ability to solve some of these problems, more and more people are signing up for the loans that get repaid based on a percentage of your income. if you look at the uptick and the number of college students availing themselves of those loans, that means you could become a teacher like my daughter, and the fact that you are doing that sort of job that does not pay as much as some other jobs, that your loan will only be a percentage of your income. so you are bankable for a home and other things because you are

not laying out that huge amount of money. they did this to a great agree in australia than we do, but we are moving in the right direction and more and more young people are signing up for the income-based repayment. ibr. that was long-winded but an important question. [applause] >> i was born in baltimore in 1950. governor: did you? >> i have some ideas on how college students can help get a part-time job to help pay for college education but also help small business. who can i send this to? governor: you have a card? he

will send you a policy thing. make sure he receives it.

governor o'malley: thank you. we had met before. i yes, we did. thank you so much. governor o'malley: what is running? kevin? -- what is your name? >> i teach civic engagement. governor o'malley: perfect. what are you finding as you talk to young people? >> engaged. this is for one of my students.

i agree with you, i think the turnout among young people will will be higher. i think older people were more disappointed than they were. i am looking at a very seriously. governor o'malley: high. what is your name? -- hi. >> i appreciate that irish comments very much. we all have our crosses to bear. we are talking about financial security in new hampshire and other issues related. it is a big issue for us.

>> talking about a check off on employers? >> a big issue. universal options. talking about 401(k)s. the employer does not contribute. a big issue that we welcome back to. >> very good. thank you. >> very well done. particularly interested on the social security side of things. aarp. you hit right on the head with generation we have done better than our parents or grandparents. always concerned with kids. college education prices, that was an eye-opener. never would have thought about it that way. >> thank you.

the governor. two for a colleague. i agree with a lot of your comments. the one i was little concerned about or a lot concerned about is around immigration. i get the fact we do not want it to be a chain-link fence or barbed wire, but on the other hand, we have a lot of people coming here that is our social services and not really coming here with a job. so what is the plan to really control people coming in? >> becomes easier when it comes

to controlling our borders. right now we are creating this whole underclass of people. if we pass immigration reform, people are working harder than they were in paying all caps is. they are not going to focus on that. almost as if we have become distracted by this. it is hard to find a needle in the hayes. we allow every other generation to do that. it is in our national security interest not to create an underclass that has a place

where bad things can happen, especially in the age of terror. that is what i think. not unlike public safety were sometimes a lot of us are accurate out the location. the key is to supervise everyone. thank you. >> did your mother name you that? >> the only one who does not call me that. i was born in baltimore in 19 at the. now we have our own time. >> now college students can help get a part-time job to help them pay for their college education.

also, help small business. who could i send this to? >> do you have a card? med. will send you a policy. make sure to keep it. one of my colleagues a teacher. he is in public administration. he will be very impressed. >> it is hard to talk about. andy smith. i am on the evil and the politics. >> that is right. we spoke. i told you not to believe those polls. >> you cannot believe the ones at the very end.

>> with an open primary. x hopefully we see each other again. it's all right. -->> hopefully we see each other again. i am a freshman at saint ambrose college. they baseball fan. i am pretty excited about that. >> we had a good run last year. this year should be interest in. >> kansas city was just on fire. the chemistry. >> hard to beat chemistry. >> thank you for your time. >> hope we meet again. >> i am a junior. >> and i ck? -- mick?

>> i am doing my senior thesis on conservative. any motivation for people to get through that. the broader western i want to ask taking national service. would like to have college student -- is that something that we have for civic engagement? >> i do. that is one of the ideas i would hope to advance in order to be a candidate. a dear friend of mine was alan ac. i think the time is right -- there are so many young people that do want to change america.

we can make it a universal option for all of ourselves. that is also pretty well established taking a year between high school and college and makes it more likely to complete college. there is such a need over not only teaching but restoring the environment and other things. i think you see a robust subscription. i think it would help on college completion rates and would be very good for a share purpose for the country. you could probably also tie it in to the college affordability act. maybe give the kid longer options of service and be able to do something more in college. >> do you mind taking a quick

picture? >> not at all. >> thank you. >> thank you. >> i am a sophomore. ashley. i was happy to see you. make worst year of very good time. my first event. i am from rhode island as well. >> we had team working with the government -- governor now. >> did we get a picture? >> no. thank you. good meeting you. >> side. >> rhode island. ashley also. a as h, le why. i really enjoyed your speech. it was wonderful to meet.

>> thank you. thank you for coming out right and early. can we also get a quick excerpt? >> yes. >> enqueue. -- thank you. >> governor, great each. >> inc. you. -- thank you. >> [indiscernible] >> great man. >> i am from new york. i really like what you had to say about affordability. >> was that you that after western? >> we can do better, right? next definitely.

-->> definitely. i am a sophomore. thank you, governor. >> enqueue, governor. i wanted you to do one for my kids. it is all about my kids. my other one is gerard. we would love to have you. a great friend of the health center. i wanted to ask you a question. gerard. i would love to talk to more. some of the sound silly, but there are so many different tellings of name. but i would like to ask you more

at some point about health care. next we are doing some cool inc. in maryland. there was an article in his this insider that says there is a revolution going on in health care in maryland. if you could go through that, a great article about how we have moved all of them to global payments. a common platform through health i.t. that is working very well. you actually has set a goal to be exceeded in the first year of reducing health -- hospital admissions by 10%. >> i work also with vermont. we are looking at this for later . so you are on it. thank you. >> hello, again. from new england.

>> sadam. >> i just wanted to know your view on the united states foreign-policy? >> we need to do everything in our power in coalition with the other regional powers to contain and a great isis to cut off funding and support the regional effort to reach onto this. it is a regional fight. we need to support the regional coalition. >> [indiscernible] governor o'malley: i do, i think we are already very much joining in the fight, not only in terms of air support but humanitarian support and the giant refugee

camp, turkey and in jordan. we need to continue to be engaged. in terms of putting boots on the ground i think that could well be counterproductive to the goal of containing and degrading isis , so i am not in favor of that at this point but i am in favor of supporting the coalition. thank you. hello again. >> i am anthony again. thank you so much for speaking. governor o'malley: where are you from? >> western massachusetts. she had me in new jersey. she came to america to give me a better opportunity. i am a sophomore in college. my sister is going to college next year, so thank you. governor o'malley: living the

american dream. thank you. >> very nice to meet you. governor o'malley: are we doing a picture you come >> i really like what you said about student loans. governor o'malley: karen. never signed that so many eggs. >> thank you. >> i am claire. i am really it righted to be here. i thought it was what -- great what you said about the american dream. the irish way. governor o'malley: a long way

from there to here. >> that is for sure. like the red sox game is at camden yards. fenway park. i was there when people kept saying mayor, mayor, they were talking to me. the whole place was filled with boston people. thank you. thank you. where are you from? x i am from dorchester in boston. governor o'malley: good place. my people are up in the mountains of galway near the border, not far from where mirror -- maher walsh is people are from. >> have you been over there?

. my people are not far from there. they are from the man valley. our valley is that way. his is that way. >> do you mind if i get a picture? it's not at all. thank you. tell me your name again. >> did we see each other before? >> we did. >> i had a question. i had a question on foreign-policy. i just always ask, what is the biggest threat made to america right now? >> the biggest threat is nuclear iran and violent jihadist extremism, and they are both connected and related. that is the biggest right.

threats always change, but that is the biggest threat. i think new claire iran -- nuclear iran is very dangerous. i think we need to make sure we contain them and do not come over to america. >> is this to anybody? you just said that tuesday. you have to watch the politics. >> thank you. >> [indiscernible] my maiden name was king. thank you. governor o'malley: kathleen?

>> caffe. anything you are comfortable with. my son just moved here from california. he and his wife are teachers. don't ask me where. thank you very much for being here. >> thank you for coming. >> it is amazing. as a theologian next, i am very impressed with the business point. i wish i could have you come talk to make. it seems like that is a deep well you are drawing from their. nicole.

who is your favorite theologian? governor o'malley: me too. i was in iowa last weekend. you always have to worry about that western. she wanted to know who is your favorite president? your favorite ice cream? and favorite theologian. >> another good one to bring up [indiscernible] i am sure you have heard of [indiscernible] --i am sure you have heard of [indiscernible] . he is very complicated to think of. we still have so many ahead of us that are hurting for leaders. you want to get us on your side. one of my favorite teachers from high school give it to me.

now maybe i will go find it. the that is awesome. good luck with everything. i hope you put your hat in the ring >>. great job. g. >> i am paul. the blank side. this is my second signature. the first one i got obama's signature. governor o'malley: collect the whole set. >> i will work on it. >> thank you. >> sorry. i gave you a slippery egg. i am from virginia. i was there at the jefferson-jackson dinner when you look there a few years ago.

it has been a pleasure sharing the border with you guys are while. are you here for the rest of the day? governor o'malley: i am here for the rest of the day, and then heading to bob into some friends tomorrow night. i have that same time. -- heading to boston to see some friends to murder night. are you a teacher? >> i was at columbia for many years. i lived in baltimore when you were governor o'malley. i lived on able avenue. the farmers market.

when was the last time you are back in baltimore? has been a few years. region rate. >> a persian what you do with the city. i live in durham. we get to register to vote on this. i great city. -- a great city. governor o'malley: hello again. >> you have a strong extending stance. matthew. governor o'malley: matthew thank you. >> i did not have my leg -- a last time. >> enqueue. thank you very much for your

statement on education. we are all educators if we have his. we need to do something to stop that. the interest for like a mortgage, it is ridiculous. 7%. >> thank you. you were supposed to sign my a but you did not. -- sign my egg but you didn't. looking younger. thank you. >> thank you very much. thank you for coming down. i did not get to see you. how are you? >> good to see you. a little bit against us.

>> charlie is a good guy. if he is a good guy. i hear a lot of good things about him. this is going to go viral. i was mayor seven years. my friend told me people get sick of you after eight. faced the love you. have left. we will follow up. thank you for all you do. >> how are you? >> good. how about you guys? answers? >> 84% favorability rating.

how big of a force is she? how do you take her on if she does run? governor o'malley: what i am looking at is what is in the best interest of our country. polls are snapshots in time. the bigger estimates how did we make our economy work again for all of us? that is the conversation we need to have is americans end of. history is full of examples where the front runner is the front runner and totally inevitable right up until the front runner is no longer the front runner and no longer inevitable. >> the polls have you 1% behind andrew biden -- joe biden and others. governor o'malley: does not bother me. >> your comments sunday. seems like little bit of a different tone when it came to -- came to your conversation about hillary clinton. are you being more aggressive now with hillary clinton and

even jeb bush? governor o'malley: i am not against any one person. i am for what is good for our country, what will make the economy work again for all of us. if you have the executive experience and the better framework for our countries future, you should offer it. then the people decide who they will give this a great and awesome trust of being the president to. that is the way it is supposed to work. we are a great country. we have a pretty robust debate going on in one party. i think our country would be very well served by asking the distance what are the things we're done that have worked, and what are the things that we have failed to do that we need to change? that is what i'm going to be about. >> when do you think you are looking at maybe making a decision on whether to run, and can we it back to see you back

in new hampshire against soon? governor o'malley: you can expect to see me in new hampshire again soon and i will make a decision this bring. >> do you think hillary -- hillary's explanation for the white e-mails, do you think her latest controversies -- controversies are registering with voters? governor o'malley: i am much more concerned and people are generally concerned about how to get wages owing up again in the country after 12 years of wages going in the wrong direction. i think openness and transparency are very important issues. my 15 years of a active service we took openness and transparency on the operations of our government to a very high level, and i think she is capable of answering this distance. for my part, i will focus on how we can make government work, how

to get people ownership of their own democracy and how to make the economy work again for all of us. >> as i am sure you know, some of the 2016 republicans have come out supporting the law saying they do not think it is discriminatory if you understand it. i want to know your responses for the people will? governor o'malley: there is a big difference today between the republican party and democratic party. both in terms of the economic theories they have followed, and then if you listen to the republic candidate, they all follow the same exclusive trickle down economics. . keep wages low. beneath the theory is addressing

who we are as a society. here we are in our state we raised minority in business participation bills. we passed marriage is holiday the dream act. we made it possible for new american immigrants to get drivers license. we do these in because we know our state is better, economy is better country in society is better the more fully people participate. i think it is shameful that presidential candidate in this day and age which try to give cover to a law that is sweeping across a lots of republican government dave that attempt to give license to discrimination of gay and lesbian people. it is wrong. it is not who we are as a country. >> are you a fan of elizabeth warren? as she someone that you can get behind in this race is she were to drop in?

-- jump in? governor o'malley: i believe she is taking with clarity, especially on the need to regulate wall street. to hold the ceos of banks accountable. to make sure we put people at the fcc -- sec and other entities in place to deter the kind of behavior that led to the crash on the economy, and also, to create three strikes and you're out kind of role. we are needing to act on these things. i would welcome support from her supporters or anyone else getting into the race. >> you talked about wages in your speech. how do you in practice and widgets yet so how would you actually go about driving up wages? governor o'malley: i think there

is a host of things. you can see some of the things we did at his a level where not only talking about these things but did them as governor. we passed the living wage. we asked ended travailing wage to more public projects than ever before. we extended collective targeting , made it easier to reform rather than harder. we also increased the minimum wage. we increase the minority in women is this procurement in order to have more people included in the economy. those are the things we did most directly on wages. those are the things we need to do as a nation, as well as make investments we can as an economy. >> with you extend food stamps

for people to get by? governor o'malley: i think it is outrageous. i find -- i think you are starting to see if you were operations real, as henry ford realized, you can build the best car you liked but if nobody has the money to buy it, then you are not going to be profitable for long. i do not think we should be pushing all of the corporate leaders to lenders and they have a responsibility to our nation. the more workers earn, the better customers they make your business. >> [indiscernible] >>governor o'malley: i did. i have supported her eight years ago. i am considering running because i love my country, and i know we have big problems to solve, and i know leadership is really important in solving the problems. i have 15 years executive it.

as a big-city mayor and governor through some of the toughest of times. we attack problems like decline in wages. all through the eight years of the recession we made hours eight number one. in terms of median income, that her job creation than our neighbors. i know how to solve problems. i have the executive it. that makes me feel compelled to take a possible look at looking at this option. >> are you a progressive -- more progressive than hillary and tengasco p will will be looking for you to make comparisons in contrast and show how you would be different, because right now she has support in the vast majority and are looking for differences. governor o'malley: the two phrases i hear, new leadership and getting things done.

that is what people across the country want. they want to hear the clear voice of new leaders and they want leaders who know how to get things done. i don't know where the secretary might and on some of the issues today. i know where i stand on them. i offer that clarity. i believe marriage is a human right, not a state right. i believe to protect the national interest we need to regulate wall street. i believe when refugee kids arrive on her doorstep that we do not send them back to death gains, that we act like a compassionate and giving and generous people we have always then. this is what i believe and this is what we believe as americans. i am sure other candidates will offer their own frameworks, and i hope however many people are in the race, i hope they do the very best to do the goodness

they are offering to serve. >> today is the annual easter egg roll at the white house. the president rutherford behaved began the event in 1978. this photograph from 1978. he was what looked looks like today. thousands of people at to take part and watch the event. cooking demonstrations and the traditional egg roll. president obama was there at 10:30 to get things underway. this afternoon live with the discussion on new matters -- battery technology with the living, author of the powerhouse inside the innovation of the battery safe world. it affected -- expected to talk

about the technical challenges and what it could mean for the renewable energies hector. life coverage starting at 12:30 eastern. coming up, the former hewlett-packard ceo will discuss finance in helping entrepreneurs. eating at the center for strategic and international teddy's. life coverage at six :00 eastern. tonight, profiles of congressional freshmen. we begin with steve russell of oklahoma who will talk about his career in the army, new life and childhood experiences. here is a part of what you will eat. >> i nearly died several times fr opposite the type as my mother. she had had a couple of miscarriages prior to me. i nearly died at birth.

she has always told me i was her little fighter. that was something to a child, you will not quit, you will persevere and stay with it until you get it done. i survived about of appendicitis . my appendix actually ruptured and six or seven hours before i had medical attention to deal with that. did not know what it was. felt that are after ruptured. two major surgeries. my folks at that time thought they were going to lose me. >> you did not know it was when to rupture? >> no, i did not. i had a stomach ache and hurt and suddenly it felt better. i went outside and played. by that night i was doubled over blinds in pain. i remember asking my mother during that time, i said in my going to die? she was honest with me and says,

we don't know. we are praying and believe you are going to make it. x you can see the entire interview with the freshmen congressmen steve russell tonight at nine of eastern and each night this week we will bring you a different freshmen profile. >> during this month, c-span is pleased to present the winning entries in this year student camp documentary competition. student camp is the annual -- student cam is the annual competition that encourages middle schoolers and high schoolers to think seriously about controversial issues. to demonstrate how a policy of the law or action by one of the three branches of government has affected them or their community. course of action, thomas north and amy gilbert from montgomery blair high school in silver spring, maryland are one of our second prize winners.

their documentary focused on immigration of undocumented youth. >> 70,000 children alone afraid, searching for hope with no one to turn to. escaping from lives of [indiscernible] ♪ [speaking another langu-- [speaking a foreign language] quite he is one of the 70,000 he immigrated and now lives in tacoma park, maryland, with his

foster parents. >> the office of refugee resettlement and local programs for undocumented refugee minors are working to find housing for these youth across the nation. but there are thousands more to come, and the or are does not have enough resources. carlos is one of the lucky ones. without government funding, the programs that put him where he is could now clog up or even shut down. the house of representatives must be willing to allocate enough funds to these programs to keep them running. these programs help nurture the demographic to shape the future of the american economy. the urm program consists of local programs nationwide

network to find refugee minors homes and futures in america. the program that found carlos a home is lutheran social services, or lss. we met with the clinical supervisor. >> we have trained the families, worked with the kids, and also try case management. we basically do that, but it is a specialized program for unaccompanied dues from other countries. all those services that a traditional kid in foster care would get, but knowing that there are a lot of cultural differences and things like that, the idea that they are getting prepared for when they age out of the foster care system, they are ready to live when they turn 21. >> recently, through an executive order by president obama and a new budget passed in the house, funds are being allocated to stem the flow of immigrants to the country, and over 5 million immigrants will be able to gain citizenship. large sums of money are being used to support a large number

of child immigrants coming into the u.s. >> all that money to support those kids comes out of the same pool, the office of refugee resettlement. the concern was, rather than adding funding, they would take money away from other programs such as refugee settlement, to support youth programs. what we hope for is not that they would be taking money away but rather adding money to meet the need. >> success in the american workforce and the american education system can be extremely difficult for program such as lutheran social services. >> the value is that they are providing all of the necessary social services that these children and youth need.

>> bill ecenbarger is part of a program that works with refugee children. bill co they have been oftentimes -- bill: they have been oftentimes used for sex traffic. you foreign services -- lutheran services check with them periodically and work on life skills, learning to cook and clean on their own and take care of themselves basically. they help get them job training. they often put them in the right educational program. they are 15, 16, 17 years old and they have very little formal education. >> many americans believe the u.s. government should not be

helping any immigrants in any way. they believe that immigrants will steal american jobs and increase crime. secretary of labor of the united states thomas perez was able to explain why immigrants are so important to a prosperous economy. thomas perez: immigrants have helped build america. they are more likely to have a college degree than native on immigrants. something like one in four workers in the health care field is an immigrant. immigrants from the beginning of time have been a robust part of our nation's economy. what we see in other countries who do not have the immigration patterns that we have -- countries like japan -- they are confronting a workforce crisis because they are not

replenishing the workforce. one thing that immigrants do as well is contribute to the social security trust fund. that is our system, and it relies for its success on a robust cadre of workers, and immigrants provide that labor. >> i notice a lot of the youth that come through the program are highly motivated and they want to be a part of society. they want to work hard. they want to attain the american dream. they often are able to give back to society in a lot of useful ways. >> those who oppose the assimilation of immigrants claim that immigrants are un-american. but there is nothing more american. when one describes the american dream, there is no dream closer to that than the children who come across our borders. the programs are essential to the success of the demographic that is most essential.

announcer: to learn more about the competition and watch the videos, go to c-span.org and click on student can. tell us about the issues that the students address. >> now gabriel stricker discusses limiting abusive practices such as trolling. she spoke of university of california berkeley. this is about 50 minutes. host: today it is an absolute delight for me to introduce and welcome gabriel stricker. he is a cal alum. some of you already know that. he is chief of communications on twitter. chief communications officer. he also has been helping berkeley think about and celebrate the 50th anniversary of the free speech movement, quite an important your -- year in berkeley this year. his bachelor of arts was a latin american studies as an undergraduate at work with. -- at berkeley.

his current role as to communications officer, he leads the global teams for media relations and public policy and media partnerships more generally. he first came to twitter in 2012, stepping into the world's absolutely highest profile roles in the communications field. he has in fact been credited by many as the driving force behind turning around twitter's public reputation. . gabriel has been well recognized for his success. he was recognized as one of the top communicators, one of "pr week's" top 20 digital

influencers and one of the 20 most effective communications insiders. he was a director of global communications and public affairs at google where he was active on the issue of free expression and defended the company's refusal to censor information. the accepted the first amendment award. his earlier work was in campaign politics. he developed his expertise in the strategic communications for his work in the electoral arena. today, we have a chance to talk to him on a variety of topics, of course free expression and

free speech but also leadership and how he thinks about culture and what makes organizations work better. we have a chance to celebrate with him has i mentioned this 50th anniversary of the free speech movement. so it was that 64 or 65 year. those of you who know, the free speech cafe, i am sure most of you have been there. a remarkable tradition for this institution. one that lives on for all of us. it is an important part of this institution, of our society. it is the notion of freedom of expression. it is not equally appreciated throughout the whole world. and part of those different value judgments on one where one draws the line is a very active area worldwide of policy and management. there is much to cover. let me introduce to you gabriel stricker. thank you for being here. [applause] host: so let me start with the free speech movement. i mentioned it a couple of

times. you worked here in the 1960's. but you, like a coma were here after that. can you say a bit about how you think about free speech as it relates to twitter and also the fine line between freedom of expression and some of the things that happened when expression is to free? gabriel: thank you for having me. it is always lovely to be back. the free speech movement definitely predated me but i think even when i graduated as an undergrad in the early 1990's, that spirit and the disruptive spirit of the free speech movement still lived on and i think at the time, and i think today, on campus there is an attempt to figure out how to keep that culture going. that exists beyond this place. where still trying to figure out how to ensure those values are a part of what we do. i get to go to work everyday at a place that i think is one of the most extraordinary, viral platforms ever to exist. it has been those amazing vector that has facilitated free expression around the world. the mythology is we create these

technologies with free expression in mind to create a platform that would let all of these flowers bloom. we had the idea of what the impact of a platform would be but we never thought that it would be used the way it has and facilitate revolutions as it has. it is getting people voices where they didn't. it is an ongoing commitment to upholding the platform as we do. and as you say, it is a tricky one, too because for those of you less familiar with twitter one of the parts of it that has allowed the rise of it is that we support pseudonyms. unlike other platforms that require your actual identity because we allow pseudonyms, if you go into cases like the arab spring, for example, it turns out that if you want to take down the man, it is easier to do so if you don't have to give your actual identity. the flipside of that spectrum is that if you do not have to give your identity, it makes it

easier to express yourself in less constructive ways, not bringing down an oppressive regime but potentially just controlling and abusive ways. that is a tricky balance. one that we, today, are grappling with. our ceo actually had one of our internal e-mails leaked out. he said we had been falling short on striking that balance and it is something we're trying to figure out. what are the ways to figure out -- preserve the beauty of the platform as a vehicle of free expression while having boundaries that prevent people from engaging in what is really abusive behavior? it is a daily challenge. rich: part of it --if you thought the pseudonyms would allow a lot of things, there might be other tools to allow these unfortunate outcomes. could you give us an example of when it is trolling? where you say, we have tried to address that issue in a more targeted way. >> the things we have done, the kinds of things you can expect

from us going forward. some of you may look at this as fixing bugs. some of them have been more or less difficult. we historically, we have done a pretty lackluster job of making it possible to even report abuse. the amount of hoops people had to go to through to even just be able to say people were engaging in an abusive manner. it has to be the case that it is roughly as easy to report the abuse as it is to do the abusing. in our case, it was easy to engage in the abuse and hard to report it. that has been something we have gone out of our way to fix. the next step is, i think in again balancing the ability for someone to express themselves freely but giving someone the ability to not have to be exposed to water is -- what is abusive behavior.

the next step is -- for those of you less familiar with twitter one of its hallmarks is we have an asymmetrical follow draft which means we can follow each other but it can also be the case that you follow me but i don't follow you. part of what we are thinking is if you are sending tweets to me throughout the day saying you are a jerk, if we follow each other, i am presumably saying i want to tell me i am a jerk.

but, if i don't follow you and you are telling me throughout the day i am a jerk, maybe there should be ways that if you are bombarding me with this that i should be able to have greater control to tune that out. that is what we are trying to pave the way for. rich: for those of you who are tweeting, we have a hastag. #hotspeakers. i always take notes and i always tweet after talks and i will do it again. i personally so appreciate twitter. a quick aside. when i first became dean, people were saying, you should do these blog posts. i am thinking, holy smokes, i

could spend half my day doing that. but 140 characters once or twice a day, it is a great bite-size. for putting out thoughts. for a lot of us that get to hear a lot of interesting things every day. that is one of the functions i feel i am serving. let me bounce them back out so other people can hear the things i am hearing. no recently -- no recently -- now with recently twitter sued the government over the ability to disclose more information. could you talk more about that public policy interface? gabriel: i should just say that twitter was not the first to have a transparency report.

i think actually when i was at google, we started that process of issuing these transparency reports. and what the transparency reports are is simply when technology companies get request from governments around the world specifically to take action on certain content and it could be to remove content because it violates local law, to suspend certain accounts similarly because it is against whatever their local policies are. a lot of the companies in our space have felt there needs to be a way in some centralized fashion to disclose to the people of the world, we are getting these requests and you should be aware of them. not just to say that we are getting the requests but here

are the nature of the requests and here's what governments are giving us and here are how many of them are and how to categorize them and what action we took coming off of these things. and i guess without getting into too much detail, regarding a lawsuit, but just on a high level, it turns out there is a government, it is ours in the u.s., that wanted to limit our ability as a company to tell people -- and again, it is not just twitter users. it happens to be there are individual users impacted by this, we take action on posts that have made. -- posts that they have made. but, if you are -- i would argue if you are a user or if you are just a member of this society, you have a right to know that your government is making requests of a private company like ours and what we are doing with that. and we should be able to disclose in a reasonable amount of detail what is this sort of

boundary surrounding these requests. what is going on there. and we had engaged in conversations about this in terms of our ability to be more transparent in our transparency report. and finally, when we reached an impasse, we said we are going to, we will not abide by this. we will sue you over our ability to be more transparent with our users and people of the world. and so that is what motivated it and it continues to motivate. i think there are other companies that i think share our opinion. i think we took it another step and forced the issue that way. rich: could you -- we had an earlier conversation about values. when one thinks about the culture, the shared values that hold twitter together, that make it what it is, i would imagine when you are making a decision about how aggressively to pursue an issue like that, it does come back to very fundamental values. so can you talk a little bit about how that particular

decision about transparency to -- connects to the values of the from? gabriel: at the end of the day some of this is not that complicated. we end up running the company in some sort of golden rule type of way which is as we conceive of and implement these policies would we as users want to exist in a product that has these policies? and by at large, that is what we are trying to do. or if there is an environment surrounding us unfavorable, we try to change those things.

i would say some of these decisions, including the decision to sue our own government are internally pretty uncontroversial because i would say as a leadership team, we have aligned values. i think we have got about building the team. we have values and we believe

they are values that we embody and reflect the value of the users we have on the platform. it is a responsibility. earlier, we were talking about the free speech movement. i believe that there are a handful of companies in the world, and you can probably count them on two hands, that transcend just being companies and become themselves a movement. i think twitter is one. with a that comes real responsibility. people are depending on us to be able to achieve things that go

far beyond business or just culture. it is actually achieving higher purpose. and so, as we go about our business, these are the types of fairly weighty things we are considering. rich: an interesting notion when an enterprise becomes a movement. twitter is a great example. how about the public offering of twitter? does the change of ownership and control -- did it have an effect? numeral: you know, i think -- when we were in the process of going public, a lot of people, there were a lot of folks on the sideline saying all of twitter's talk of being purpose driven get ready because it will go out the window. and i actually think that when part of the significance in some ways of our lawsuit was eye-opening for many of these people. these people will stick to the

values they had all along. the speculation that existed on how becoming a publicly traded company would change us, i think somehow, this was the conspiracy theory premise of it all. oh, now they become a publicly traded company and are beholden to invest your interests, -- investor interests, they will sell out their values in order to adhere to all of these financial pressures which have existed all along. p.s., those pressures have not existed all of the time. it was never the case that the sort of tension we experienced day in and day out was a tension somehow between every day users and business interest. that was never the source of the tension. the source of the doctrine was sort of what we talked about earlier which was -- tension was sort of what we talked about earlier which was the tension existed between one group of

users and another group of users. how do we navigate those waters? those tensions still exist. but being a publicly traded company i don't think hasn't done anything to change our values or how we approach going about our work. i think it has brought maybe a slightly brighter spotlight. for those of you who go out and see parts of publicly traded companies three and post -- pre and post ipo, i hope you realize it is just a part of the evolution. and then you go public and you wake of the next day and go to work, that is how that is. rich: you obviously love your job. what do you love most about your job? gabriel: i do think it goes back to the idea of it being a movement. because i think you can work at any number of companies or organizations but there are few opportunities that you have in life -- earlier before we were onstage, we were talking about these four men -- these four precepts you have at the business school and i love this point of being beyond yourself. what an inspiring plank to have on your platform. what i love about my work and what i really just have long been inspired by in technology

generally is if you are lucky, you get to be part of a company that is a movement that is beyond itself, beyond any one of us. and the impact you get to have on the planet starts to go beyond, yeah, ok, i went to work and sold a widget versus i want to work and change the world for the better. it sounds trite but i think for us, we get to see this and the technology, in twitter's case begins to take on a life of its own and be used in ways that we would have never anticipated. and it is inspiring. absolutely inspiring. rich: it really is. this gentleman spoke for us not so long ago and i was walking back and one of our employees here who had grown up in iran walked up to us and she talked about how influential twitter had been for her family. and she had some remarkable stories. it was just right there, someone i see everyday talking about her family and the role twitter played. you hear those stories often but it was very poignant. gabriel: we hear them often. we see this unfolding. i was actually just talking to a group of employees who started yesterday and they were asking basically about does this ever get old? do we ever come to work and get jaded? no, we don't get jaded. it does not get old. i mean, i came to work a couple

of weeks ago and as a user, got to see somebody who is tweeting images of our planet from orbit. that does not get old. hopefully if it does get old we should do something else. because i think no, we never thought these things would be used in this way. but yeah, it does change the world. and now, sometimes, more trivial ways. but sometimes extremely profound ways. rich: absolutely. absolutely. your job is different than a lot of people's roles.

can you talk about the personal advice front some risks you took that opened out some pathways that might not have been there in your career? gabriel: yeah, so, and please, becuase another plank is to question the status quo so do not take my status quo. now my responsibility at twitter is overseeing our communications team and public policy team and media partnerships team. it is a departure from what i was doing earlier which was working on political campaigns. look, electoral politics is a perfectly noble profession. my hunger for participating and that process was facilitating some form of social change. what i realized at a certain point was that the impact i myself could have on that social change was pretty limited and i was living on the east coast at that time. and i was looking back to the west coast where i grew up and i

was like, that is where the change is happening. those are the people who are really revolutionizing the world. i want to be part of that. and i say coincidently, it is not that unlike what happened during the free speech movement where you had people who were literally watching newsreels at the time on the east coast of what was happening and berkeley and saying they wanted to be a part of that thing. and i guess the lesson that i would give on this is that -- when i look back on it, i have known for some time that electoral politics -- i was not getting what i wanted out of it. i think it probably took me longer in hindsight than it should have to make the change. and i think -- i talk to people,