, be so concerned about this? from a freedom standpoint, we shouldn't. but i'm afraid that we are not holding onto the need to say there are positive images. if we don't protect those, the images you see out there is what many, unfortunately quite americans think about african-americans. thank you so much. i appreciate talking to you. host: thank you. guest: i might take it a step further. while we advocate taking the flight down, this country should demand that the music industry take the hate, the bashing of women, the use of the n-word, things that do not promote good values, we should demand through the marketplace that they changed the music, that artist put out that is very detrimental

across the board to all communities. so many of these young men grew up without fathers. a lot of these artists become mentors and heroes. don't just stop the flag, stop all of these things poisoning the communities, turning them into criminals. parents and families across the board should demand that her music -- better music and better values so it can enhance our culture so we don't go to the sewer. we go to the highest point in the music and entertainment that kids listen to. whether you like it or not, this influences them and it is played out in their lives every day. host: the president using the n-word in the podcast, your reaction? guest: we discussed this. he used it as a reference. i didn't like it, i did not feel he should have. but i will tell you this. i have never in my life used to the "n" word.

i did not hear it growing up in my household. i have never in my life used one word of affinity. i never heard it. my parents saw it as profane disrespectful and crude. the bottom line is, i understood what the president was trying to do but i would have preferred that it did not come from the president of the united states. host: bernard is next, st. petersburg, florida. democrat dr. ezekiel emanuel. caller: you just had a gentleman, and he stuck about the war between the races. this is the same attitude that drove that young man to go into that church. this young man 21 years old, i wish you had spent a little more time with him. that same spirit is still out there amongst people. what kind of race? the only war we should have is a war against evil. guest: absolutely. there is no black humanity there is no white humanity. there is humanity. and a part of all of us dies and

suffers, watching the unnecessary death of those nine families. i think people are beginning to realize that people do not kill because they are black and white. they killed because of behavior and ideals. we've got to change that. we've got to communicate and uplift each other. i was so moved in charleston on friday how strangers just walked up to people coming out of the church and they were teary-eyed , and hugged them and said i am , here are you. something has awakened in them and maybe there is a real awakening in this country that is necessary. if you noticed in charleston unlike other places that have been in turmoil, no hate, no violence, no protest, no burning down communities. the south is a special. i am so proud to be a son of the south. people like to denigrate the south, laugh at us, but there was a special bond among people. we understand each other, we respect each other, and we know each other.

and i will tell you, and i believe this had this been any , other place in this country, i am afraid of what would have happened. the south, despite a tragic loss, sets the example of people coming together to fight the greater good -- finding the greater good and uplifting the country to its highest type. host: among the books by our guest, "useful idiots: how democrats got it wrong in the cold war." let's go to blake in alabama. good morning. caller: good morning. i'm a big admirer of mr. armstrong. i have heard him on the radio before. mr. williams, what you just said about the people in south carolina and the south is one of the things that stuck with me that i actually saw the power of

christianity when one of the most difficult circumstances that any of us will have faced killing, and then for people to stand up and or give the killer invoked such an emotion among even the ardent supporters of -- stand up and forget the killer, invoked such an emotion even in the most ardent supporters of the confederate flag. then everyone said we have to , bring the flag down. and i have a different view of this president. i don't have any admiration for the way he acted following the shooting. i know you have it. he invoked the "n" word like you were talking about and i did not really all of his statement, but -- read all of the statement but he was enticing antagonistic views, and he was rescued by your people in the church and the way they reacted after the killing. he had an option, the president, to join the church when he was in chicago. i am sure there were churches

like your churches, but he chose reverend wright of it there. he had a choice to react after shootings like this in fort hood, which was also inspired by hate and symbolism was there. islamic symbolism, arabic symbolism, and he said he suggested violence. if this president was a rescued by your people, you should be proud of it. i am proud of your people and this president should not be given any credit whatever happened friday. he just rolled on the way he saw just like any other astute politician. guest: you know, he is the president of the united states. he realized the significance of that moment. he brought mobile attention to it by coming to give that eulogy -- global attention to it by

coming to give that eulogy and made it a national day of mourning. he gave us time and you could see the hands of god working on the president. you could just see amazing grace working on the president. and we all are working progress and the president is no different. i will tell you that our family was very proud and thankful that the president found the time to come and mourn with us. not only the loss of our loved one, but the eight others who died also. host: laura following up on an earlier point saying that the grace of those families embracing forgiveness is breathtaking. let's go to elliott in baltimore. good morning. caller: good morning, gentlemen. good morning, mr. williams. on behalf of my confederate ancestors, i would like to support the continuing fly of the flag. we have always said this is not just about the flag. we have become an american taliban in this country. we have had people call for the taking down of stained glass in churches with the picture of robert e lee at the national

cathedral and the digging up of grades of others in tennessee. dachshund-- graves. we had created a reign of terror. a taliban to do these kinds of terrible things. confederate veterans are recognized by the u.s. congress as veterans. we can have their graves marked with tombstones supplied by the united states government. we can debate the causes of the war and slavery and that sort of thing, but this is just wrong. guest: you know, i appreciate the caller because many people are hurting and impacted by this. and while this caller feel strongly about it and there is , political correctness that is in play and there are those in this country who would take this to unknown limits -- it would be unlimited what they would want to do. the good thing is the american

people are fair. the american people understand that the confederate, no matter whether they are on the wrong side of the war or not, they are still part of this nation and our fabric and reminds us of who we are. when the smoke clears, we will find a balance in how to deal with these confederate symbols versus what he just spoke about. i think the governor of south carolina, nikki haley, set the right tone. remember, they were -- senator lindsey graham and senator tim scott got there. because, you could see something deeper moving in this country. i think when it is all said and done, the confederates will still be proud to see their legacy and all the relics, many of those things will remain in place. the main issue right now is the flag. host: i will ask you of your role in the carson campaign. but first let's go to kevin in

watertown, connecticut. good morning. caller: good morning. how are you doing, mr. williams? guest: fine. caller: you are conspiring. -- inspiring. i was very inspired. i never called him before. i'm a small business owner. i am obviously white, but that is not my people. my people are business people. we are part of everybody. i like the things you said about people need to get up and do what they need to do to survive. and take charge of their own lives and their futures. it is just not there anymore. as a small businessman you get stepped on. i have never taken a dime from the government. we pay our taxes. we do our jobs. i even part of the machinery dealers national association which is a government not funded organization. that is what we do for our business.

but this country, we are back and forth on race to race is ridiculous. you either do or you don't do. i got that impression we've got that spark inside of you lit up when you were talking and it's impressive. i stand behind you. i don't want to say -- you are inspiring. thank you very much for saying the things you say and i hope that our children, my youngest daughter is 17 and going to graduate. we are down in virginia because he came on a fishing trip between her junior and senior year, so we came down to do some catfishing. that's what i like to do. i like to hunt, fish. i do have guns. i do not carry a gun, i do not want to shoot anybody. i do not like they were shooting last two, so i left. that is not what i am therefore.

what happens to the people like us, with values and desire, who really want to do something in life, because you want to be remembered and leave something for your children, and you said that. i have to say, you spark inspiration inside of me. host: thank you very much for the call. guest: our parents raised a flock of children, and my mother and father did a tremendous job. my mother's children in that we have an elected big brother who serves the community, serves the state. and i have brothers who are entrepreneurs. i have my sister mary who is a social worker. what we learned from our parents is that the best and worst that happens to us has to do with the choices we make every day. no one owes you a living. you are not entitled to anything. we are born in between that and we die. in between we have to do hard work and have self-discipline and self-respect. i believe if you work hard and sacrifice and continue your education and know how to treat people, you find the humble way

and believe in god and try to serve and give back, that the lord will bless you. my brothers and sisters do not stray away from those values just like clementa. , we know who we are. we are the descendents. many kids today have no identity, no self-worth, no belief system and they are lost in the wilderness. host: deborah is next, jacksonville, florida. good morning. caller: good morning. my question is, why was the the young man treated so different when they captured him? they do not throw him on the ground nor did they ask him to get on the ground. there were no knees in the back of his neck and then he was flown on a private check back to -- jet back to south carolina. i just do not understand why was he treated so special when most

black men, and they knew he had a weapon -- most black men would be dropped to the ground. and then you see three or four offices on his back. i want to understand why he was treated so different. guest: you know, i have heard this argument. every situation is different. they handcuffed him. you know when it comes to forgiveness and when it comes -- we cannot -- i would not want the cops to don't him to the ground and stomp on him. i would not one that. i would want him to see the best of humanity. i would want him to see that life is not going to treat him the way he treated others but i will say this -- he should be executed. he committed a horrible, horrific sin. he should pay the price and the governor of south carolina has asked for the death penalty. and i think he should go through the process because all of us are innocent until proven guilty, but there is no question he has admitted his health.

-- guilt. let him go to the process and let them set the date because there is no doubt he will be , found guilty. and the price of his same should be at execution. host: headline -- republicans still do not care about black people, why the gop's racist history is alive and well. i mentioned this because you are also involved in the ben carson campaign, an african-american running for president. guest: i am his business manager and advisor for a long time but no involvement in the campaign. but he is my very good friend. host: are you supporting him? guest: of course i am. i am always supporting him, so why would i stop now? he is a good man, i know him. ben carson has spoken eloquently on the issue of race. it is racism. it is so easy to say that republicans are racist, but let me tell you -- you can find racists anywhere. it is in a person's heart not

the party label they were and i do know the republican party that has made great strides, especially on the rnc, to reach out to heal the wounds in these communities. get what senator rand paul did who was also a presidential candidate. he was one of the first people to call ferguson what it was. he was praised the civil rights movement. there are people like rand paul, and dr. carson, who stands firm on this kind of issue. if people choose to listen and hear what they are saying. host: if he got the nomination? guest: it is not about if you can get the nomination, that depends on the american people. all of these candidates, it is a wonderful thing so many people have decided to put their hat in the ring because they care about the country. they make incredible sacrifices. the american people, especially in the gop, are looking for the right ones i can move this country forward. dr. carson, like everyone else have to earn that vote and earn that respect. in the end, it is we do people

who will decide who the nominee is and who the next president will be, sworn in 2017. host: our condolences on the loss of your cousin. armstrong williams, too wide for being with us and sharing your thoughts. -- very much for being with us. >> on the next washington journal, mary agnes carey discusses the supreme court ruling on the affordable care act and what this means for the health care law going forward. and washington post staff writers vanessa williams talks about her recent article on whether diversity in the 2016 republican field could help attract minority voters. we take your calls and you can join the conversation on facebook and twitter. washington journal, live at 7:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. >> monday night on "the communicators." we visited a dcfs to hear about lobbying goals and practices.

we talked with fred humphries, corporate vice president of research, and research engineering manager. >> i'm hopeful at some point, congress will take on immigration. it will be very important. frankly, i don't know the exact number, but when we have some of the innovators here, we have people all over the world who make contributions at microsoft for scientists and engineers. it is other companies as well. there is still a need from the job perspective. >> the application of project premonition is actually to collect mosquitoes that have it in people, to determine -- bitten people, to determine what kind of viruses might be around, what kind of diseases might be around. through taking the blood samples

of the mosquito and figuring out the genetic code of some of the constituents of their blood. >> the premise of this research project was around what we would be able to do with data freely available in the environment today. one of the things we have noticed is there are a lot of aircraft flying around in the united states. that could be considered sensors. they have data providing information. and it is relatively freely available, provided by the faa. there are companies who use that to provide information to the community about what airplanes are doing. we decided to take that information and see if we could use that to help us predict a more accurate winds aloft

forecast. what the wind is doing at various outs above the surface of the earth. >> a visit to microsoft's washington dc office, monday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span two. >> like many of us, first families take vacation time. and like presidents and first ladies, a good read can be the perfect companion for your summer journeys. what better book than one that appears inside the personal life of every first lady in american history? " first ladies: presidential historian on the lives of 45 iconic american women." inspiring stories of fascinating women who survived the scrutiny of the white house. a great summertime read, available from public affairs as a hardcover or e-book, through your favorite bookstore or online bookseller. >> the funeral service for the referent clementa pinckney was

held friday in trenton, south carolina. among the nine -- charleston south carolina. the eulogy was given by president obama, who knew the referent. this is 45 minutes. [applause] [cheers and applause] president obama: giving our praise and honor to god. the bible calls us to hope.

to persevere. and have faith. in things not seen. they were still living by faith when they died. the scripture tells us. [applause] they did not receive the things promised, they only saw them and welcomed them from a distance. admitting that they were foreigners and strangers on earth. we are here today to remember a man of god who lived by faith. a man who believed in things. a man who believed their where better days ahead. off in the distance. a man of service who persevered,

knowing full well he would not receive all those things he was promised because he believed his efforts would deliver a better life to those who followed. to jennifer, his beloved wife, his beautiful, wonderful daughters, to the mother emmanuel family, the people of charleston, the people of south carolina. i cannot claim to have the good fortune to know reverend pinckney well, but i did have the pleasure of knowing him. and meeting him here in south

carolina, back when we were both a little bit younger. back when i did not have visible gray hair. [laughter] the first thing i noticed was his graciousness. his smile, his reassuring baritone, his deceptive sense of humor, all qualities that helped him where so effortlessly a heavy burden of expectation. when clementa pinckney entered a room, it was like the future arrived. that even from the young age folks knew he was special. anointed. he was the progeny of a long line of the faithful. a family of preachers who spread god's word.

he did not forsake their teacher. he heard their instruction. he was in the pulpit by 13 pastor by 18, public servant by 23. he did not exhibit the cockiness of youth, nor insecurities. instead, he said an example worthy of his position. wise beyond his years. in his speech, his conduct, in his love, faith, and purity. as a senator, he represents the low country.

a place that has long been one of the most neglected in america. a place still wracked by poverty and inadequate schools. a place for children can so go -- still go hungry, and the sick can go without treatment. a place that needed somebody like him. [applause] his position in the minority party meant the odds of winning more resources for his constituents were often low. his calls for greater equity were too often unheeded. the votes he cast or sometimes lonely. but he never gave up.

he stayed true to his convictions. he would not grow discouraged after a full day at the capital. he would climb into his car and head for the church to draw sustenance from his family. from his ministry. from the community that loved and needed him. there, he would fortify his faith and imagine what might be. reverend pinckney embodied a politics that was neither mean nor small. he conducted himself quietly and kindly and diligently. he encouraged progress not by pushing his ideas along, but by seeking out your ideas.

partnering with you to make things happen. he was full of empathy. able to walk in somebody else's shoes and see through their eyes. no wonder one of his colleagues remembered him as the most gentle of the 46 of us. the best of the 46 of us. clem was often asked why he chose to be a pastor and a public servant. but the person who asked probably didn't know the history of the ame church. [applause] as our brothers and sisters in the ame church know, we don't make those distinctions.

our calling, clem once said, is not within the walls of the congregation, but the life and community in which our congregation resides. [applause] he embodied the idea that christian faith demands deeds, not just words. that the sweet hour of prayer actually lasts the whole week long. that to put faith in action, is more to the just individual salvation. it is about collective salvation. to feed the hungry, close the naked, and house the homeless. is not just a call for isolated charity, but the imperative of a just society.

what a good man. sometimes, i think that's the best thing to hope for when you are eulogized. sometimes i think that is the test thing to hope for when you are eulogized. after all the recitations and resumes are read, you want them to say, he was a good man. [applause] pres. obama: you don't have to be of high station to be a good man.

pastor by 13, preacher by age 18, a public servant by 23. what a life to live. what an example he set. what a model for his faith. and then to lose him at 41, slain in his sanctuary with eight wonderful members of his flock. each a different age but bound to their commitment to god.

. cynthia hurd, susie jackson, ethel lance, danielle l simmons, and myra thompson -- these were good people. these were decent people. these were god-fearing people. [applause] these were people that were so full of life and so full of kindness, people who ran the race and persevered these were people of great faith. to the families of the fallen, the nation shares your grief. the pain cuts that much deeper because this is event happened in a church. the church is an always has been -- is and always has been

the center of african-american life. [applause] pres. obama: a place to call our own in an often too hostile world. a sanctuary for so many hardships. over the course of the centuries, black churches served as places where slaves could worship in safety. these were houses where they were free to gather and shout hallelujah. [applause] pres. obama: rest stops for the weary along the underground railroad, bunkers for the foot soldiers of the civil rights movement. they have been and continue to be community centers where we organize for jobs and justice

and places of scholarship and network and where children are loved and told that they are beautiful and smart and that they are taught that they matter. that is what happens in the church. [applause] that is what the black church means. our beating heart. a place where our dignity has been violated. there is no better example of this tradition than mother emanuel. [applause] pres. obama: it is a church built by blacks seeking liberty, burned to the ground because its

founders sought to end slavery only to rise up again, a phoenix from these ashes. [applause] pres. obama: when there were laws banning all black church gatherers, services happened here anyway in defiance of unjust laws. when there was a righteous movement to dismantle jim crow dr. martin luther king jr. preached from its pulpit and the marches began from these steps. it is a sacred place, this church. not just for blacks. not just for christians. but for every american who cares about the steady expansion of human rights and human dignity in this country. a foundation sown for liberty and justice for all. that is what the church meant. [applause] >> yeah, that's right. that's right! [applause]

pres. obama: we do not know whether the killer of reverend pinckney and eight others knew all of this history. but he surely sensed the meaning of his violent act. it was an act that drew on a long history of mobs and arson and shots fired at churches. not random, but as a means of control. a way to terrorize and oppress. [applause]

pres. obama: this was an act that would incite fear and trace back to original sin. oh, but god works in mysterious ways. god works in different ideas -- god has different ideas. he didn't know he was being used

by god. [applause] pres. obama: blinded by hatred, the accused killer could not see the grace surrounded by reverend pinckney and the church group permit they could not see the grace that surrounded those who opened their doors and invited him into their prayer circle. this killer had never anticipated the way that they followed him in and sat with him , and he could not have imagined the way the families for gave him in the midst of unspeakable grief. [applause] pres. obama: the killer could

not have imagined how the city of charleston could rise from this. how the state of south carolina how the united states would respond, not merely for propulsion -- nearly four rubles and of his evil act, but also reflecting and having self-examination that we rarely see in public life. blinded by hatred, he failed to understand what the reverend tried to get others to understand. the power of god's grace. [applause] pres. obama: in this whole week

i have been reflecting on this site dia of grace. -- this idea of grace. the grace of the families who lost loved ones. the grace that he would preach about in his services. the grace described in one of my favorite hymns. one we all know. amazing grace. how sweet the sound. who saved a wretch like me. i once was lost, now i'm found, was blind, but now i see. ♪

pres. obama: according to the christian tradition, grace is not earned. grace is not merited. it is not something we deserve. rather, grace is the free and benevolent gift of god. grace. as a nation that has experienced tragedy, god has visited his grace upon us.

for he has allowed us to see where we have been blind. [applause] pres. obama: he has given us a chance where we have been lost to find our best selves. we may not have earned it, this grace, without wrangler -- without rancor and complacency and fear of each other, but we got it all the same. he gave it to us anyway. god has once more given us grace. but it is up to us now to make the most of it. to receive it with gratitude and to prove ourselves worthy of his gift. for too long, we were blind to

the pain that the confederate flag stirred in too many of our citizens. [applause] pres. obama: it is true that a flag did not cause these murders. but as people from all walks of life and republicans and democrats now acknowledge, now including governor haley, as we must all have to acknowledge, the flag doesn't just represent more than ancestral pride. [applause]

♪ pres. obama: for many, black and white, that flag was a symbol of oppression and racial subjugation. we see that now. removing the flag from the state capitol would not be an act of political correctness, it would not be an insult to the valor of confederate soldiers, it would simply be an acknowledgment that the cause for which they fought, the cause of slavery, was lost. [applause]

pres. obama: the imposition of jim crow after the civil war after the resistance of civil rights for all people, it was wrong. it would be one step in an honest accounting of america's history. a modest but meaningful balm for so many with unhealed wounds. it would be an expression of the amazing changes that have transformed this state and this country for the better. that is because of the work of so many people with goodwill people of all races striving to form a more perfect union by

-- union. by taking down the flag, we express god's grace. [applause] pres. obama: but i don't think god wants us to stop there. [applause] pres. obama: for two long, we -- too long, we have been blind to the way that past injustices have shaped the present perhaps we see that now. perhaps this tragedy causes us to ask tough questions about how we can permit so many of our children to languish in poverty or attend dilapidated schools or to grow up without prospects for a job or career.

perhaps it causes us to examine what we are doing to cause so many of our children to hate. [applause] pres. obama: perhaps it softens hearts towards those lost young men and the tens and tens of thousands cut up in the criminal justice system and to make sure the system is not infected with bias and effect the change of how we train our police so the bonds of trust between law enforcement and the community that they serve will make us all safer. maybe we now realize the way

that racial bias can infect us even when we don't realize it so that we are guarding against not just racial slurs, but we are also guarding against the idea of calling johnny sack for a job -- calling johnny back for a job interview but not jamal. [applause] pres. obama: so that we search our hearts when we consider laws to make it harder for some of our citizens to vote. [applause] pres. obama: by recognizing our common humanity and by treating every child as important regardless of the color of their skin or the state into which they were born and to do what is necessary to make opportunity

real for every american. by doing that, we express god's grace. [applause] pres. obama: for too long, we have been blind to the mayhem that gun violence and racism has inflicted upon this nation. [applause] pres. obama: sporadically, our eyes are open when eight of our brothers and sisters are cut down in a church basement and 12

in a movie theater and 26 in an elementary school. but i hope we also see the 30 precious lives cut short across america every day. the countless more whose lives are forever changed, the survivors crippled, the children traumatized and fearful every day as they walk to school the husband who will never feel his wife's warm touch, the entire communities whose grief overflow every time they have to watch what happened to them happen in some other place. the vast majority of americans the majority of gun owners, want to do something about this. we see that now. [applause]

pres. obama: but i am convinced by acknowledging the pain and the loss of others, even as we aknowledge the pain and the loss of others, that making the moral choice to change, we express god's grace. [applause] >> amen. pres. obama: we don't earn grace. we are all sinners. we don't deserve it. but god gives us it anyway and we choose how to receive it. it is our decision to decide how to honor it. none of us can or should expect

a transformation in race relations overnight. every time something like this happens, people say we have to have a conversation about race. we talk a lot about race. there is no shortcut. we don't need more talk. [applause] pres. obama: none of us should believe that a handful of gun safety measures will prevent every tragedy. it will not. people of goodwill who continue to debate the merits of various -- will continue to debate the merits of various policies as our democracy requires, and it

is a big raucous place, this america is, but whatever solutions we find will not necessarily be incomplete. but it will be a betrayal that everything that reverend pinckney stood for if we allowed ourselves to slip into a comfortable silence again. [applause] pres. obama: once the eulogies have been delivered and the tv cameras move on to go back to business as usual that is what we so often do. to avoid uncomfortable truths that still infect our society we settle for symbolic gestures without looking for everlasting change, that is how we lose our

way again. it would be a refutation of the forgiveness expressed by those families if we merely slipped into old habits, whereby those who disagree with us are not merely wrong, but bad. where we shout instead of listen. where we barricade ourselves behind preconceived notions or well-practiced cynicism. reverend pinckney once said, "across the south, we have a deep appreciation of history. we haven't always had a deep appreciation of each other's history." [applause] pres. obama: what is true in the south is true for america. clem understood that justice grows out of recognition of

ourselves in each other, and my liberty depends on you being free, too. that history cannot depend on this alone, but there must be a manual for how to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past, how to break the cycle, a roadway toward a better world. he knew that the path of grace involved an open mind. but more importantly, an open heart. that is what i felt this week. an open heart.

that, more than any particular policy or analysis is what is called upon right now, i think. what a friend of mine, the writer marilyn robinson calls, "that reservoir of goodness beyond and of another kind that we are able to do each other in the ordinary cause of life." that reservoir of goodness. if we can find that grace, anything is possible. if we can tap that grace everything can change.

amazing grace. amazing grace. ♪ amazing grace, how sweet the sound that saved a wretch like me i once was lost, but now am found

was blind, but now i see ♪ ♪ [applause] clementa pinckney found that grace. cynthia hurd found that grace. susie jackson found that grace. ethel lance found that grace. rev. depayne middleton-doctor found that grace. tywanza sanders found that grace. rev. daniel simmons sr. found that grace. rev. sharonda singleton found that grace. myra thompson found that grace. through the example of their lives, it's now passes on to us. may we find ourselves worthy of that precious and extraordinary gift.

as long as our lives endure, may god shine his light and continue his grace on the united states of america. [applause] >> c-span gives you the best access to congress, live coverage of the u.s. house, congressional hearings and news conferences, events that shape public policy. washington journal is live every morning with elected officials, policymakers, and journalists and your calls. c-span created by america's cable companies and brought to as a public service by your

local cable or satellite provider. >> newsmakers is next with housing secretary ulee julian castro. that is followed by rand paul and bernie sanders talking about their campaign. then evan, discusses his book about richard nixon. -- evan thomas discusses his book about richard nixon. greta: we have emily badger, a correspondent with washington post and john prior with politico. go ahead with the first question. jon: i want to ask