we need an economy that works for working people, not a handful of billionaires. let me tell you something about this campaign finance system that we have today. it is a corrupt system. united will go down in history as one of the worst decisions ever made by a supreme court. let me repeat a promise i have made two other crowds, and that is, no nominee of mine through the supreme court will get that position unless he or she pledges to make certain that citizens united is overturned.

and when we tried to understand why it is that so many of our family members, friends, neighbors are working at -- are working to or three jobs in order to cobble together an income and some health care, the answer is that wages in our country for many people are much, much too low. why we have got to recognize that a seven dollar and 25 minimum wage is a starvation wage. we have to move to a living wage, $15 an hour. what we understand also is that when we lived in a competitive global economy, we need the best

educated workforce possible. it makes no sense to me that we have hundreds of thousands of bright, qualified young people who want to get a higher education and are unable to do so because their family lacks the income. that is wrong. and that is why i have introduced legislation and will fight for, as president of united states, to make sure that every public college and university in america is tuition-free. and we have also got to deal with the disgrace of outrageously high student debt. americans,illions of

young and not so young, who are paying 7%, 8%, 10% on there's you didn't debt. debt --ere's student their student debt. if you can refinance a home today, you should not be paying 10% on your student debt. the government should also not be profiteering on student debt held by working-class families. and when we talk about raising the minimum wage to a living wage, we have also got to talk about pay equity for women workers. women cannot continue to earn $.78 on the dollar compared to men workers.

many of my republican colleagues talk about family values. their values are that a woman should not have the right to control her own body. i disagree. their values are that our gay brothers and sisters should not be able to get married or enjoy all of the benefits of american citizenship. i disagree. but my family values, and i have been married 27 years, i have four kids and seven grandchildren, my family values are that the united states has end the international embarrassment of being the only major country on earth that does

not guarantee paid family and medical leave. when a woman has a baby in this country, regardless of her income, she should be able to spend three months with that baby getting to know that baby, love that baby, that's a family value. and when we talk about american values, when we talk about where we want to go as a country, i want to end the absurdity of the united states being the only major country on earth that does not guarantee health care to all people as a right. why i strongly support a single-payerall

programs. and when we talk about our responsibilities as adults, as parents, as citizens of this earth, we have a moral responsibility to make certain that we leave this planet in a way that is habitable for our kids and our grandchildren. the debate is over. climate change is real, climate change is caused by human activities, climate change is already causing devastating problems in our country and around the world.

what the united states must do and i will do as president, is lead the world, working with other countries to transform our energy system. there is donald trump. [laughter] [chanting] i apologize. we left the helicopter at home. [laughter] in the garage, forgot to bring it. thatur job is to make sure we join the rest of the world, the major countries around the world, in guaranteeing health care to every man, woman, and child as a right of citizenship. me that no sense to despite the gains of the affordable care act, we continue to have 35 million people

uninsured and many of you are underinsured, right? high deductibles, high copayments. and yet, after all of that, we end up spending almost twice as much per capita on health care as do the people of any other country. that is wrong, that has got to change. close on one issue that i know a lot of people are thinking about. the truth is, that in america, we have made real progress in terms of fighting racism over the years. i want to thank the people of iowa for their courage in voting for obama in 2008. and what you showed is that a state which is mostly white could go beyond the color of a candidate's skin and vote for

somebody based on their character and their ideas. thank you, iowa. but anyone who reads the papers, anyone who looks at tv, understands that we still have a long way to go. the fate ofas seen sandra bland or samuel debose understands that it is unacceptable that african-americans can get taken out of their cars, thrown to the ground, assaulted, and thrown into jail and died three days later. that is not what this country is supposed to be about. looking at a candidate who, if elected president, will do everything racism and to end institutional racism in this country and bring about major

criminal justice reform. i was a mayor for eight years, with lawked enforcement and the truth is, most cops are good. very difficult job, they do the right thing. it's a very hard job. but when a police officer or any other public official breaks the law, that officer must be held accountable. today in america, we have more people in jail than any other country on earth, including china. we have a disproportionate number of people in jail who are black or hispanic. so we have a lot of work to do. number one, i will end this absurdity of having private corporations making billions out

of jails. we are going to end this minimum sentencing by which to many people have criminal records. -- too many people have criminal records. and when people go to jail, i want to make sure there is a pathway for them out of jail. if people leave jail without ,oney, jobs, education, housing mental health issues being dealt with, the likelihood is they are going to end up back in jail and that is pretty crazy. what i want to see, is i want to see us invest heavily in jobs and education, not jail and incarceration.

let me just conclude by telling you one thing that no other candidate will tell you. helpis, i need your obviously to win here in iowa and i appreciate the support of so many people. but, if we are going to transform america, if we are going to have a government that represents working families and not large campaign voters, we need a political revolution in this country. we need millions of people to stand up and make it clear to the billionaire class, they cannot have it all.

they are going to start paying their fair share of taxes. continuenot going to to ship out jobs to china and elsewhere. happen,ake all of that we need a strong, grassroots political movement from vermont to california and significantly here in iowa. so i welcome and urge all of you to join me in helping to make a political revolution which transforms america, which creates a government that works for all of us and not just a handful. thank you all very much. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

>> two more soapbox speeches from the iowa state fair tomorrow. first, dr. ben carson will be speaking. coverage,ut our live former new york governor george attack he will be addressing the crowd for a 220 minutes -- up to 20 minutes. that'swebsite, c-span.org where you can follow all of our road to the white house coverage.

this from the hill website earlier today, pentagon leaders on saturday honored the lives of the four marines and sailors who were killed last month in a domestic terrorist attack at a memorial service in chattanooga. last month, a lone gunman opened fire at a military recruiting center, injuring one marine before going to a center for preservice and opening fire again, this time killing four marines. of hislor later died wounds. vice president biden and defense secretary ashton carter were at the event today. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] >> as a military organization, we have experienced far too often the searing pain of combat

many who, honored the in lincoln's words, laid their lives and sacrifices on the altar of freedom. patriot whonor five have made the same sacrifice in the service of their nation. this time, here at home. we've very rightly set aside special days and have solemn remember, recognize, revere the men and women in uniform who have paid the final price in the defense of america. sailor,rines, this deserve the same thing. navy andfamily, the marine corps family. we work together, we served

together, weerve overcome together. as a family, we grieve together. assure that will they, like those who went before , will be remembered as heroes. because that is what they are. heroes. extraordpeople facing inary circumstances. an ordinary thursday became a rdinary horror, but also extraordinary heroism. dangeresponders ran into .o protect others and aid them

as colleagues, friends, and strangers helped each other away from danger, even if the risk -- even at the risk of their own lives. two of those wounded in this valiant effort, police officer go and peddie go -- pedi marine sergeant. he is with us today. so we memorialize as heroes those we lost and profoundly thank the heroes who are here today. the courage witnessed that thursday did not and with the closing of that awful day. recruiters nationwide went to work on friday encouraging and assisting the nation's finest

young men and women in joining the navy and marine corps. sunday, tens of thousands of reservists reported for their drill weekend. evil could notf keep them from their do you -- duty. that commitment is the essence of sailors and marines it was demonstrated -- marines. it was demonstrated under the worst of circumstances on july 16, and it has not wavered since. still, we know it will take time for those with visible and invisible wounds to heal.

the shock, the anger over what occurred last month will take us all time to deal with. because what happens defies cover pension cup -- defies -- comprehension. pain willat while the receive, it will never completely leave. we know that although it will shrink, the hole in our hearts will never completely close. -- we know that i although although we will heal, our navy and marine corps family will never again feel completely whole. .ive taken five husbands, fathers, brothers, sons, workmates, taken from us suddenly, vilely, cooley. -- cruelly.

but what cannot be taken is our love and our memories. as we remember these individuals that we cherished, it will not be as victims. their lives cannot be determined by the terrible, inexplicable way they ended, but rather, by how they lived. served in the marine corps for almost two decades, including two combat tours in iraq, receiving two purple heart. he was known as a marine among marines, immersed in the core -- corps, living his life by the defense of that corps. david wyatt enlisted after 9/11. served in iraq, afghanistan, japan, korea. his love for the marine corps

exceeded only by his love for his wife, lori, and their children, rebecca and heath. whose decisiont to serve his country was second nature to him. to combat tour is in afghanistan intwo combats tours afghanistan. randall smith, grandson of a navy veteran. he had just reenlisted in the navy after three years with amphibiousard the ship, uss wasp. he lived a life of service and loved his wife, angie, and their , layla, and lila

kayla. skip wells, in the marine corps for only a year, but even in that time, stood out as someone who cared more about his fellow marines and the mission than he did about himself. each unique individuals. but as i have spoken to their families and friends, common threads emerge. a love of family and country. the value and pride placed in serving america, and the values that others placed on their lives. today, we remember them and we mourn. tomorrow, they join so many other navy and marine corps --oes whose lives in deeds

and deeds shine forever bright. and in the days and months and years that follow, together, we alwaysmain as they did courageous. always faithful. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the secretary of defense, ashton carter. sec. carter: to the families. the families of gunnery sergeant

sullivan, staff sergeant wyatt, sergeant holmquist, petty officer smith, and lance , it is with heavy hearts that stephanie and i join you this afternoon. we have no words for what you feel today because try as we may, and try as we do, we can never fully know. but we do know what the lives of your loved ones meant to the security of our country, and we will never forget. , you honorent biden the force with your presence today as you do so often. mavis,ry may this -- distinct members of congress,

gentlemen,ladies and together today, we cannot erase the pain of our loss, but still we come together as fellow citizens to honor these five fallen patriot. to mourn with those who love them, to provide comfort and healing as best we can. --remember the lives of the these brave men lead, to reflect on the meaning their lives have for us, the duty their deaths in pose upon us. their lives were truly exemplary. many of them served abroad and fought on the front lines in places like iraq and afghanistan. here at home, they were serving among the many men and women in uniform who represent our military communities in communities across the country. on the front lines of the force of the future. the meaning of their lives is therefore clear.

crystal-clear, and we will be forever proud of them. the meaning of their killing is yet unclear. of disturbedion mind, violent extremism, and hateful ideology was at work, we don't know. perhaps it will never be fully known. let alone fathomable by all who have the decency and conscience to value their fellow human beings. but we do know this. we know that we will do what it takes to protect the servicemen and women who protect us. all of us, me,ng president obama, vice president all theecretary mavis, men and women of the department of defense, this is something we take personally. i directed the

military services to fundamentally review their domestic security procedures as well as take immediate steps to improve the security and force protection of our personnel. we will do more if necessary. the so know that we are many, the just, the noble, and that the few who threaten or ,nsight harm to americans violent extremists or terrorists, wherever they are, will surely come a very surely, no matter how long it takes, come to feel the long arm and the hard-faced of justice -- hard fist of justice. [applause] and we know that those who attempt to inspire fear or

terror will find no satisfaction , will have no success in the united states of america. instead, we come back from tragedy, stronger and more united. because across america, and reserve facilities and recruiting centers are still open. young men and women are still signing up to serve to defend their country. they will carry forward the legacy of the fallen, and like will serve ino the finest fighting force the world has ever known. here in this great city, recruits are still lining up to volunteer. in some cases, more of an they were before. in fact, one future sailor named alexis and listed last week. she had been talking to recruiters in chattanooga before the shooting, but this sec. carter: it only

strengthened her resolve to stand up against fear and hatred . she said, we are not going to let one destroy us. we are all standing strong as a community and as a whole, that this. of chattanooga, the spirit of tennessee, and the spirit of america and its military. that is how we heal, by standing strong together. to the sullivan family, to the why it family, the holmquist family, the smith family, the part ofmily, you are our family and you always will be. your strength and sacrifice will continue to guide us, inspire us, and remain with us forever and ever. may god grant peace to the souls of those who are no longer with us but will live on within us. may god watch over the soldiers, sailors, air men, and marines

who continue to defend us and may god continue to bless this great nation, the united states of america. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, the vice president of the united states of america, joe biden. [applause] v.p. biden: thank you. thank you. thank you very much.

honored to join my colleagues and family members. i wish i were not here. for i have some sense of how hard it is for you to be here. mayor, as i told you earlier, you should be so proud of your city. and, to my good friend, you should be so proud of your state. congresswoman black, congressman and -- i want to say

that you have been through a lot. that --rstand , chapter six, verse send, reads, who shall i and who shall go for us? today gave theor isaiah: here if am, send me. send me. sergeant thomas sullivan, tethered to his irish

roots, chastened by his italian mom -- a great combination, mom. a red sox fan, a neighborhood kid, who never really left the neighborhood except to go to iraq twice. to it we irishts say, a heart of gold. his hometown paper said, everything, everything a marine should be. wyatt.ergeant david iraq, afghanistan, the darkest and most violent days of both of those wars. dave, an eagle scout. as a camp counselor, pulling a young man trapped in a canoe below the water, saving his life

. as his hometown paper said, someone, someone you could always, always count on. holmquist.rson afghanistan. iran.arine, two tors in all waste -- always respectful, always looking out for others. a marine even before he took the o's. --oath. randall smith, grandson of a navy veteran -- has been pointed out already -- a baseball star in his hometown, always smiling, always there for his friends. someone,in his town someone you always wanted to be around. corporal skip wells.

devout. a friend to everyone. always there. always wanted to be a marine. to protect from the time he was a kid. his classmates in his hometown newspaper said, he was always looking out for the other guy. it was no surprise to anyone that knew them, anyone that grew up with them, that they chose the profession they did. dna.s stamped in their being a sailor, being a marine, is not what they did, it was who they are. they each said, i will go. i am here.

send me. didn't have the privilege of knowing any of them personally, but i knew them. confident. committed. determined. trustworthy. passionate. and always, always loyal. i knew them. they were my son and so many other sons i know. ofy were, with the exception 9/11 generation, but he was that, too. faith, menr, men of of determination and viewed with a sense of duty -- it is hard to explain where they got it from. to their of commitment

family and friends from the time they were kids. died. moment they each of these guys, the best -- had this instinct to protect. just in instinct. you grew up with guys like this. they had that instinct. you knew if you are in trouble, they would be there. they were different. and commitment to family and , again, part of that remarkable 9/11 generation. i would respectfully suggest from being around a long time the finest generation of

warriors the world has ever known. that is not a hyperbole. the finest generation of warriors the world has ever known. generation, 4.2 million of them joined after 9/11. 4.2 million. 2,200,000lion -- deployed to afghanistan and iraq. everyone of them knew it was probable -- not probable -- not possible -- probable they would be sent into battle. unlike any in our history. state actors but many stateless

actors. difficult to tell friend from foe. like thousands of men and women in this arena, they went. raised their hand. they said, send me. what a remarkable generation. a generation, along with their families, have made great sacrifices for this country. complements of the defense department -- my stuff calls early in the morning. i carry a card in my pocket every day for the last nine

years, a little box in the bottom of my car. it lists the number of dead, the number wounded. not a general number, the exact number. the precise number. solitaryvery single one of these warriors leaves behind a whole family and community. here,t stand it when i am -- i can't stand it when i hear the number dead. 52,321 -- five added since last week in afghanistan. there are thousands still in harm's way.

we are here not only to pay hibute to these five euros -- heroes, we are here to pay tribute to the families .f the five first, to all the families of all the fallen, your country says thank you. thank you for raising such incredible men and women. with such a keen sense of duty and honor. from the time i was a kid, my saying.ad a she was looking you and say, joey, remember, remember you are to find by your courage and you are redeemed by your loyalty.

that was my mother's code. you are to find by your courage and redeemed by your loyalty. i say to the families here today, your sons, husbands, brothers -- they are the purest example of my mother's standard. they met it and exceeded it. they were defined by their courage and region and by their loyalty. to the families here, as i said -- ii met you a moment ago have spoken to you on the phone thank you for sharing this memorial with us. i know it is hard. it is hard. everye it brings back

single -- it brings back that very moment when you got that call. for i know, no memorial, no acts can provide the solace your hearts urine to acquire. acquire.earts yearn to a continues to linger and in some cases grows more intense. i hope it eases your grief knowing that the people of your home towns, the people of chattanooga, and tens of millions of americans really do grieve with you.

incredible what courage it took to be here. .t requires you to relive one of the things i have learned and hopent you to know you gain some solace from it. .hat people never talk about inspiration is an to hundreds of thousands of people all across this country who are suffering and struggling loss.heir own horrific maybe not as a consequence of wearing a uniform, but who have lost a husband, a wife, a son, a

daughter. promise you, as they struggle with their own tragedies, wondering, will i make it? can i survive? they see you. they hear you. they have come to learn about you. i promise you, you give them hope. years from now, he will find people coming up to you you never knew they will say, thank you. thank you. because they look at you and say, if they can do it, if they can show up, maybe, maybe i can do it.

maybe i can overcome. you are literally an inspiration and america owes you just for being here. always, with the men we honored today. john mellman once wrote, they also serve who only stand. bidennd i and the entire family have you in our thoughts and our prayers as you have had us in yours. nothing in there is this moment that can fill that deep, black hole, that open wound, losing your son, your husband, your brother, your

father -- nothing can replace the sun as he walked away and turned and smiled at you, let up your life. literally, lit up your life just smiling at you. worthwhilealize how life was. who knew your fears even before you expressed them. could soothehand them away. who talk to you in at face, just touched your made you feel so secure. always,her who always, always had your back. lost very much, you

have given so very much. that he will always be with you in the deepest recesses of your heart. in your every thought. he will be the voice you hear telling you, it is ok. he will be that feeling in your chest that cons you down. mirror thatom the gives you confidence to move forward and that sunset that says, icu. see you.ou, i when hisill come to yourrings a smile lips. .t takes time

it takes getting through every season at least once. but it will come. it will come. know you willou be all right. my prayer is that it comes sooner rather than later. it will come. hold onto one another tightly. gunnery sergeant tommy sullivan, holmquist,, carson randall smith, skip wells. made of this men stuff that makes this the greatest country on her. they are part of less than 1% of the population that protects 99% of us.

us who wehat makes are. , as thesehe backbone women and men here are. of virtual bone and sinuw this country. and in the face of dangers and threats, we look out for one another. we stand together. bow.ver, never we never, never bend. our national character is no match for the cowardice and face.sion that we ideologues,se

wapred theocrats. they may be able to inspire a single loan wall to commit a savage act but they can never, never threaten who we are. when this perverted jihadist struck, everybody responded. marines and sailors moving from room to room helping fellow warriors to safety, marines and sailors helping fellow warriors jump the fence away from danger, only to turn back into the fight to save more. marines and sailors grabbing children from nearby playgrounds, shepherding them out of harm's way. warriors fighting back, getting people to safety, warriors at a recruiting center helping countless people stand up and serve. chattanooga police officers

.aking shots first responders, doctors, nurses, saving lives. residents bringing food to the police officers on duty at the shooting site. thathift memorials, vigils grew bigger day after day after day. thousands of people lining the streets in your home towns. the funeral routes of tommy , carson, david wyatt holmquist, randall smith, skip wells. and every stretch of road and intersection, cars, trucks, football practices stopped and waited and showed their reverence. all for the purpose of

reasserting who we are. we are unyielding. country has and still stands with you. it will remember what you have done. it will remember and remind everyone who we are at our best. and we have a message for those perverted cowards around the world. america never yields, never bends, never cowers, never response,n ,endures, and always overcomes. for we are americans. never, never underestimate us.

it has always been a bad, bad bet to do that. ladies and gentlemen -- [applause] [cheering] ladies and gentlemen, god bless each of the fallen and their families. troops protect our wherever they are. blessy god continue to the united states of america. god love you. [applause] night on: this sunday q&a, institute for policy studies fellow phyllis bennis on foreign policy since 9/11, the recent negotiations with iran and the war on terrorism.

what does isis believe? why are they so violent? all of those questions are important. i think what is more important the u.s. policy regarding isis? why is it not working? can we go to war against terrorism? are we just doing iran? is it wrong to say there should be a war against terrorism at all? those of the questions that are the most important and will be the most useful. announcer: sunday night on q&a. republican presidential candidate jeb bush was at the candidate soap ox, a transfer white house hopefuls to talk to fair goers and take questions. bush: thank you so much.

what a joy to be here. i believe we on the the verge of the greatest time to be a life but here is the problem, our government does not work like it needs to work. the gridlock in washington makes it harder for people to rise up. people are living in poverty. than the more people day barack obama got elected. the middle class in the recovery has declining income. 6.5 million people are working part-time and most of them want to work full-time. workforce participation rates are lower today than they were in 1977. for the first time in american history, businesses are closing at a rate faster than they are opening. this is not the america that will lead the world. this is not the america that will make sure that children have more opportunities than their parents. what we need to do is restore the right to rise in this country by fixing a few really take complex things that we have allowed to languish for too long. how we tax.

the most convoluted system in the world. i don't need to tell iowa about the epa rules other relates to water and other rules that relate to that will stifle the ability of industry to be created and agriculture to work, leading the world. we have serious problems. we need to embrace the energy revolution in our country to be secure with north american resources in a short. of time. with american ingenuity, innovation, and technology. [applause] have the currents to preserve and protect our entitlement systems but recognize that the world has changed. aging far longer, that the system was designed during a different time. we need to find a consensus to preserve what we have but also make sure that we can make sure it exists for the next generation. if we do those things, our budget would move toward surplus

and we would grow our economy faster than 2%. people would be lifted out of poverty. the great middle of our country that defines who we are would get a pay raise of the first time in a long time. that is that we should be doing. [applause] i know a little about this because i got to be governor of a purple state. florida. it is not read like texas or blue like california. it is right down the middle. more democrats than republicans. i was the most conservative governor in the state's history but i had a reform heart. we cut taxes every year. we reduced the state government workforce by 13,000. you can fire somebody for incompetence in state government in florida. i'm sorry, that is a radical idea. you can reward public servants that do a better job. we changed the system and shrunk it but i think the services are better because of it.

ask the people that had to deal with eight hurricanes whether the government was there to take care of their needs during 16 months, where a tragedy took place in every community. we reformed our education system . florida was at the bottom of education. 50 out of 50 states and graduation rate. because we created the first private school choice program, we expanded our charter schools, we eliminated social promotion in third grade. we put reading coaches in every school. we had accountability. we graded schools. a schooluld say and was not better than an half school. we had a 50% improvement in graduation. florida's student achievement has had the greatest gains during this time of any state. i know how to fix things because i was a reform-minded governor that improved things. our income grew at 4.4% every

year. we could grow our economy faster and it would lift people's spirits up that we have to fix these things in washington are right now we have a president that pushes down anybody that disagrees with him and he aevates himself with sophisticated view and the result is nothing gets done. nothing gets done but it can. we can fix this. if we do, we will have more confidence to lead the world again. the united states plays a constructive role in the world. by being the ally of our friends, where they know that we have their back and having our enemies fear us a little bit, that is how you create a peaceful world. avoids are filled. sadly today, we have a void that has been filled, a caliphate larger than iowa. thousands and thousands of to destroynized western civilization.

says the thingr that keeps him up at night are homegrown terrorist. they are inspired by isis. we should he taking out isis. we should have a strategy rather than admit that we do not have one. , theyday that they exist gain more power. the next president -- we will have a strategy on day one to take out this great threat to our national security and the world. i promise you that. president has no strategy. hillary clinton has no strategy. their strategy is to say that it is somebody else's fault. it is time that we had a president that accepted responsibility for the duties of the presidency. if there is a problem, do not say the dog ate my homework which is what we hear all the time. except responsibility. that is what leaders do.

i believe we're on the verge of the greatest time to be alive. if we show support for veterans, bring back competency and grow our economy and a faster rate. ideology for a moment. to use think that the federal government is operating in a way that shows respect for the taxpayers? >> no. a hospital in denver was supposed to cost 200 million dollars but the veterans department has to come to congress to ask for enough money to spend $1.8 billion to build a hospital for the greatest military men and women that deserve the service. that is ludicrous. people do not get fired anymore. how about the office of personnel management? -- 22 million files have been taken but allegedly by

the chinese even though the inspector general of the same department said, be careful, we don't have the cyber security to protect our servers. even other i came about, nothing happened in the result is that classified information -- information that allows for security is now in the hands of the chinese. put aside your ideology. i hope he won a president that will roll up their sleeves and fix broken systems for crying out loud to make sure that we serve the people. more healthcare.gov websites. cost overruns in the defense department. we need a competent leader that will except responsibility to fix these things and i humbly i believe that i'm the guy to do it. i humbly ask for your support. here's my deal -- i am a republican and proud conservative and i have a record of reform that is unmatched of anybody running. i believe in order to fix these things, we need to come together

as a nation. i am tired of the divides. i respect people that do not agree with me. it is ok to disagree with me. i do not ascribe bad motives for people who disagree. they may be wrong, that is fine, we will have a lively debate, but we need to forge consensus again to fix aly tax, regulate, -- to fix how we tax, regulate, restore the military, restore our intelligence capability. we need to build a consensus again. i campaign the way that i would govern amongst everybody, no rope lines, totally out in the open. i campaign in the latino communities in spanish asking them to join our cause. i campaign in the african-american communities saying, join us because we believe in education reform so your children can be lifted up on college campuses among democrats and republicans alike. if they do not like my views i -- views, i respect that but they know i have a heart for them. the next president will have to unite this country and i will

campaign in the way that sends the signal that enough of this divide and we need to fix inks -- things in washington, d.c. thank you all very much. [applause] >> why do you support your brothers plans? thank you for you and your family's legacy for helping poor -- the poorest parts of the world. first of all, if elected president, would you use one third of the fund to fight malaria and would you also commit to presidential initiative to help kids with early childhood development on nutrition and schooling around the world? jeb bush: i think we need to maintain our commitment to the success of programs of our aid programs. this by far is one of the great legacies of my brother and has

brought bipartisan support and needs to be continued. it is also good foreign policy to not just be involved in being the world's policeman. we need to lead in every possible way. people look to the united states as a leader for security purposes but also these kind of purposes as well, so i will continue to fund those programs. yes, ma'am? [indiscernible] the question is smaller class size. in florida, we have a constitutional amendment that lowered classic size. i actually opposed it and we implemented it. i believe that we ought to pay teachers more for student learning, lower class sizes, there is no evidence to suggest that yields higher student achievement, but paying qualified teachers that get results consistently, there is enough evidence to suggest that and that is what we ought to be focused on. yes, sir? >> do you support common core? jeb bush: common core -- i

support higher standards. that term is so darn poisonous i don't know what it means. i am for higher standards, state created, locally implemented with the federal government has no role in the creation of standards, content or curriculum. hang on, we will get you. you are next. do not let the head explode. the federal government should have no say in that and if it is not changed by law, i will do it executive order when i am president of the united states. yes, sir? >> why do you support your brothers plan to privatize social security? jeb bush: why do i support my brother -- i don't. it would have made sense back then but now we're way beyond that. we need to do is reform social security to -- to preserve it for reform in the logical ways that there is broad bipartisan consensus which is over an extended period of time and raise the retirement age and raise the limit of income. you can solve social security that way.

[indiscernible] >> will we be more present in iraq and would be be liberators again? jeb bush: the question -- assuming you heard it -- right now, we have 3500 soldiers and marines in iraq already. we have a strategy. -- we don't have a strategy. it kind of creeps up. we are responding incrementally to the challenges rather than having it strategy. i would take the advice of commanders in the field and what i have heard is that the iraqis want our help. they want to know that we have skin in the game and we are committed to this -- [indiscernible] excuse me? >> we had to get out in 2011. jeb bush: we did not have to get out in 2011. >> what about the deal? jeb bush: it could've been modified and that was the expectation. everybody in iraq and everybody in washington you that this deal -- new that this deal could of been expanded and now what we -- [indiscernible]

now we need to do something else which is the -- to deal with the fact that we have islamic terrorist organized and the way you take them out is to rebuild iraq and support for the kurdish and to reengage with the sunnis and to be able to have a strategy to take them out. we need to do the same thing, although more complicated, in syria. yes, sir? i have having a hard time hearing. [indiscernible] paul wolfowitz is providing most of my vice and i have the team in florida. young people that have experience either in congress or in the previous administration. the parlor game that is played where you have 25 people, 30

people, for the people helping with foreign policy and if they -- that are helping with foreign policy and if they have had to deal with to republican administrations who were the people that were presidents -- i mean, this is kind of a tough game for me to be playing, to be honest. i am my own person. we just gave a speech at the reagan library. i urge you to take a look to get a sense of my views on how this stuff should work. yes, sir? >> governor bush, like you, i consider myself a republican -- a public servant. i used to run the youth conference in iowa, but i feel like our young voices are not being heard at the federal level. we have youth councils at local levels, would you be open to the idea of creating a presidential youth council to inform members of congress and various department heads? jeb bush: that's a great idea. i haven't ever heard it before. here is my e-mail address -- jeb@jeb.org.

i just gave out my e-mail address. that is what i did as governor of florida. i released all my e-mails. i am writing a e-book about my e-mails. i think we need a lot more transparency in politics today. i will get someone from the back. yes, ma'am? [indiscernible] jeb bush: so, i was watching an interview yesterday where people were saying that. i also think that isis is easily as important threat -- [laughter] yeah, right. and china over the long call and in north korea with nuclear weapons and unstable pakistan, there are many threats. if it was isolated to one, it would be easy.

the vladimir putin threat relates to our weakness. as we pull back, he sees opportunity. we call putin russia regional power trash talking in essence, and he invades crimea with that -- without much consequence. you do not have to be bellicose to deal with russia. you need to say, here are the consequences of your actions. there will be further sanctions. and europe needs to go along. we need to forward lean in terms of nato support and u.s. support into eastern europe, poland and the balkans to send a signal that the nato alliance is still intact. we need to make sure that we are -- that we are entering ukraine -- that we arm and train ukraine forces. they have been invaded. parts of the country are still occupied by pro-russian forces. need to provide support or ukraine to continue to reform. we have to to be involved with our partners and allies in europe so as to push back putin for sure.

i think his visit failed state. if we go our economy, we will be stronger than any country in the world. this is still the strongest country in the world. this has the potential to be the only developed country to renew itself and grow at a faster rate. if we did that and you see the failed economic policies of russia, they will collapse. we need to be steadfast and vigilant. i am in favor of for-profit and not-for-profit schools. the good things about charter schools is that if they don't work they close. what about traditional public schools? nothing happens. yes, ma'am? yeah, you. [indiscernible]

the question is -- we have a crisis of alzheimer's in our country, what will i do? two things and this is with a lot of input from the purple shirts to be clear. first and foremost, we need to recast our research and development budget. it should no longer be cut. if we cannot fix the here and now problems, particularly of social welfare problems and entitlement problems, that is where the growth of the budget is in washington. we need to focus on long-term things. infrastructure, but we have seen that r&d budget of nih go down and inside of that budget, alzheimer's, which will create huge costs going forward, hundreds of billions of dollars of cost for families and for the government to medicaid and medicare. the amount of money being spent is something like $700 million or $800 million at the most. there are other diseases that get billions of dollars for research. we could find a cure for this.

at a minimum, we ought to be able to find a delay of dementia. that is number one, recast the r&d budget for the national institute of health to be able to find a cure. secondly, we need to make sure that there is enough money for community-based care alternatives because the great tragedy, as he know about timers, is not the person lost the much about the caregivers. -- the person who has dementia but the caregivers. i am from florida. it is purple politically but also purple because people that have dementia, disproportionately live in my beautiful state and the caregivers, the spouse and the child and others that exist, it makes it harder for them to be able to live a healthy life as well. i think we need to move away from institutionalized care and medicaid programs to community-based health care.

those things would make a mark. yes, sir? [indiscernible] >> do you see a danger of china or russia? jeb bush: my stance is that iranian deal is a bad deal. i hope congress with a two thirds majority kills it. it is bad because it does not deal with the broad relationship with iran. iran is the largest state sponsor of terrorism in the world. we are giving them $100 billion of fresh money to carry out their agenda and destabilize the region. they repressed their own people. for two weeks, we could of been on the side of the people that elected a different approach in iran, but we were silent and now the presidential candidates and others who had dissented in iran, are put away. why would we want to legitimize

the regime that does not allow freedom in their own country? there are three americans held hostage in iran as well and yet it does not seem like that was part of the negotiation. iran is building ballistic missile capabilities to launch missiles, nuclear and otherwise. there is nothing in the agreement that deals with that. we are loosening up conventional weapon sanctions that now will allow them with fresh money to become a military force that will create an arms race in the middle east. i have not even gotten to the verification issue as it relates to their ability which they violate the rules over and over again. this president believes that they will go quietly into the night and just change their ways, and that is not how the world operates. i believe this deal should be rejected. if sanctions are imposed by the united states, other countries will have the choice. will they look at iran as a business proposition, perhaps jeopardizing their commercial and political and diplomatic relationship with united states?

i think that choice will be pretty clear for some countries. maybe not russia and china, to your point, but other countries will have to deeply consider whose side they are on. thank you all very much. i appreciate you and i look for to shaking all of your hands. god bless. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] two more soap box speeches tomorrow, first, ben eastern, and0 renting had our coverage at 5:30, george pataki will address the crowd. this speeches by presidential hopefuls at the iowa state fair on our website as well as other road to the white house events. today's speeches and press conferences from des moines will

air tonight at 8:00 eastern featuring trump, clinton, santorum, chafee, and sanders. president obama is on vacation with his family in martha's vineyard. as he often does, he is playing golf. according to the white house, his partners are the former u.s. trade representative and former president bill clinton. here's a look at some video of that group.

announcer: in his weekly address, president obama discusses policing in our communities. brett guthrie has the republican response. he highlights the accomplishments of the republican-led congress. pres. obama: hi everybody. it's now been a year since the tragic death of michael brown in ferguson, missouri. his death, along with the events in cleveland, staten island, baltimore, cincinnati, and other communities sparked protests and soul searching all across our country. over the past year, we've come to see, more clearly than ever, the frustration in many communities of color and the feeling that our laws can be applied unevenly. after ferguson, i said that we had to face these issues squarely. i convened a task force on community policing to find

commonsense steps that can help us drive down crime and build up trust and cooperation between communities and police, who put their lives on the line every single day to help keep us safe. and i've met personally with rank and file officers to hear their ideas. in may, this task force made up of police officers, activists and academics proposed 59 recommendations everything from how we can make better use of data and technology, to how we train police officers, to how law enforcement engages with our schools. and we've been working with communities across america to put these ideas into action. dozens of police departments are now sharing more data with the public, including on citations, stops and searches, and shootings involving law enforcement. we've brought together leaders from across the country to explore alternatives to incarceration. the justice department has begun pilot programs to help police use body cameras and collect

data on the use of force. this fall, the department will award more than $160 million in grants to support law enforcement and community organizations that are working to improve policing. and all across the country from states like illinois and ohio, to cities like philadelphia, boston, and nashville local leaders are working to implement the task force recommendations in a way that works for their communities. so we've made progress. and we'll keep at it. but let's be clear: the issues raised over the past year aren't new, and they won't be solved by policing alone. we simply can't ask our police to contain and control issues that the rest of us aren't willing to addressas a society. that starts with reforming a criminal justice system that too often is a pipeline from inadequate schools to overcrowded jails, wreaking havoc on communities and families all across the country. so we need congress to reform our federal sentencing laws for non-violent drug offenders. we need to keep working to help more prisoners take steps to

turn their lives around so they can contribute to their communities after they've served their time. more broadly, we need to truly invest in our children and our communities so that more young people see a better path for their lives. that means investing in early childhood education, job training, pathways to college. it means dealing honestly with issues of race, poverty, and class that leave too many communities feeling isolated and segregated from greater opportunity. it means expanding that opportunity to every american willing to work for it, no matter what zip code they were born into. because, in the end, that's always been the promise of america. and that's what i'll keep working for every single day that i'm president. thanks everybody, and have a great weekend. rep. guthrie: good morning, i'm brett guthrie, and i represent the people of kentucky's second district. our area is home to fort knox, mammoth cave national park, abraham lincoln's birthplace and the corvette museum. last november, you elected a new

congress to get things done, and eight months in, we are making progress. to reduce our debt, we've passed a real 10-year balanced budget plan. to help our veterans, we've expanded access to private care and mental health resources. to protect our kids, we've given law enforcement new tools to fight human trafficking. to grow our economy, we've passed a plan that paves the way for better trade agreements. this will lead to more markets for farmers and ranchers, and more jobs and higher wages for america's workers. to strengthen medicare, we've enacted the first real entitlement reform in nearly two decades. it's going to save taxpayers some $2.9 trillion over the long term. and to help small businesses, we've reduced obamacare mandates that make it harder to hire. these initiatives are already making a real difference. and they show what we can achieve when we find common ground. but, of course, we know that we have a long way to go. we've also made progress on

solutions to accelerate the development of new life-saving cures, improve our education system, and modernize the va for our veterans. and we're fully committed to repealing obamacare. here's one illustration of why. if obamacare's next round of regulations take effect on january 1st, mere months from now. small businesses will be forced into larger group insurance markets that have dramatically higher rates. that means that business owners, employees and their families will be the ones on the hook for higher costs. i've introduced bipartisan legislation to stop this from happening. it would ensure that employers with 51-100 employees will be able to keep their current health care plans and avoid more burdensome obamacare mandates. this would give relief to american workers across the country. my father built a small manufacturing business. i worked alongside him and saw firsthand the challenges that business owners face. rising health care costs make it

impossible to plan for the future, and that means it's impossible to hire more people. we know that when main street does well, so do american families. lastly, in september, congress will consider one of the most important issues in recent years the president's iran deal. we have made sure that congress has a say, and i have cosponsored h. res. 357, which expresses congress's disapproval of this agreement. like many americans, i have grave concerns about this deal, and whether it will make our country safer. every republican and every democrat has to determine whether the president's deal meets that essential standard. we can never be satisfied until we know our children can grow up in a safe and prosperous america. and we can make this happen if we keep working together to put the people's priorities first. thank you for listening.

>> c-span, created by america's cable companies 35 years ago, and brought you as a public service by your local cable or satellite provider. now joining us on c-span is ashlee vance, a technology reporter for bloomberg businessweek and the author of this book elon musk. ashlee vance, how did elon musk become elon musk? helee: well, you know, went through a long series of incredible events. he's sort of list the american dream. he came to the united states with nothing. about $100 in his pocket. and essentially, basically outworked, outhustled and out invented just about everyone in his path. host: what were one of his first inventions or investments or

successes? ashlee: his very first success was a company called zip2, a yelp beforemeets any of these things existed. around 1994. it was the answer to the age-old problem of how do i find a pizza place near my dorm room? want ald just type in, i pizza. it would show you where the place was and give you directions. and nothing like that existed at the time. he ended up selling the company for $300 million. that set him on his way. it gave him $20 million to go do whatever his heart desired. host: and what did he do with that $20 million? was,e: next thing he did he sat back and thought for a little while of industries that needed -- he had worked at a bank as an intern. he'd come away thinking bankers were sort of dumb. herd mentality.

this was the early days of the internet. he thought, could you basically, system forinancial everything. credit cards, savings, banking. this was called x.com. and morphed into paypal. host: so, exactly, peter keele was cited as the founder of paypal. 's role? elon musk ashlee: they are both cofounders. there was x.com. literally in the same business there was another company called infinity. that was peter kill's company -- e's company. you have these two companies in the one building spending each other to death to compete to get in this online payment space. tempt people to use their service by giving them $10 if you get a friend to sign up.

and there was a lot of fraud. they decided to join forces. and confinity comes up with this service call paypal, which was a way for people to pay for auctions on ebay. that becomes the big hit. the company changes its name to paypal. host: you say elon musk arrived in this country with $100. where is he from, what is his background? ashlee: he was born in south africa. canadian-amily is american and the other half is ish-south africa. he was a lot like you might expect, a precocious kid. read because of science fiction. he was very bright but he was a bit of a know it all. he was well-loved by his family but he was bullied at school. he was ignored by his peers. i interviewed tons of kids he went to school with and they said the same thing, which was that he was the last person they would expect to end up doing all

of the spectacular stuff. to himself. and he was really into computers and sci-fi and that pushed him. and then he'd always heard about silicon valley and dreamed of getting to america. so, from a young age, that is what he pined to do. at 17, he ran away from home and did it. host: and ran away from home? ad canadian mom h citizenship. so, he wanted to get to the united states but he had to make this pitstop in canada. of backpacks around canada for a year. queens gets into university and starts to excel academically. then he ends up at u-penn to finish his degrees. host: what did he study? ashlee: he did am mix. physics in business at the same time to host: he did those in a combination? did he do that on purpose?

ashlee: he did. he fancies himself a physicist. he is into things like batteries and alter capacitors and he wanted the business degree as well. ltra capacitor spirit he does them both at the same time. it took him five years. and he is also hosting house parties on the weekend to pay his way through school. you had hundreds of people show up at these gatherings. they would charge $20 a head for these parties. host: you write in this book that musk's behavior better some more closely with someone who is described by neuropsychologists as profoundly gifted. ashlee: that's right. it's a clinical term that i ran across as i was doing about. -- doing the book. they would say he is on the s burger special -- the aspb erger's spectrum. he does not show a lot of

empathy. but i found that there is a certain kind of person who at a young age has an empathy not for individual people but for mankind as a whole. it sounds fantastic to some people, but he feels like he has to help the human species. there's a flaw, and he is out there to help people as a whole. host: after the selling of paypal, what happened next? ashlee: well, there's essentially a coup. off on his honeymoon. he is been putting off his honeymoon for a long time with his first wife. there was a coup while he hopped on a plane to go to sydney for the olympics. he gets thrown out. there is a big disagreement over the direction of the company. then a few months pass and ebay ends up acquiring paypal for $1.5 billion. $200 on and up with

million. he goes to the nasa website. he sees that there is nothing there about exploring mars. this depresses him. he has always been into space. so, he decides he is going to send at first mice to mars. then he decides to want to send a plant that's going to supply the first oxygen on mars. host: and was that successful? ashlee: he never quite gets there. he goes to russia. he has to buy the rocket so he goes to russia to get these intercontinental ballistic missiles -- on -- russia is the only place he can buy these. the russians treat him like the dot com millionaire they can take advantage odf. they do not take them certainly. he comes back from that trip and decides what i have to do is build my own rocket. that is the only way i'm going

to do this. this is where the company spacex is born around 2001. the idea that they are going to be the southwest for space. rocketsng to assemble much cheaper than other countries and assembled them faster and really sort of put the aerospace industry on its head. host: what has spacex accomplished or done since 2001? ashlee: it's been on a pretty remarkable run. really unlikely story that it exists. it is competing against entire nations. had a rocky beginning. when elon first started in 2001, he thought it would take a couple years. it ended up taking six or seven years. since then, it is not a space tourism company. it is a commercial satellite -- they take satellites up for countries and for companies, communications companies. and they have become the

low-cost provider in the market. they charge about on the order versuslion per flight hundreds of millions of dollars for the competitors. they had a really good run of one launch promote very consistently desperate month. a couple weeks ago they had their first rocket blow up. host: is it profitable? is spacex profitable? ashlee: it's private. so we do not know for sure. we know that they have a backlog they publish on their website. and it has about $8 billion in orders over the next five years. it is a success story. they built a rocket in the united states from scratch. they use american engines of their own design. they are the only american company right now that has american engines with the other companies relying on russian engines. so, they employ thousands of people. it is a fascinating story. it is my favorite one in the book. host: where is spacex based,

where are the manufacturing facilities? ashlee: it's based in hawthorne, california, a few miles from lax. they have a factor there, about 500,000 square feet and growing. and they make everything right there. test facility in texas, central texas. they build a spaceport on the east coast of texas. host: so, what does elon musk -- is elon musk's relationship with silicon valley? ashlee: he's kind of a unique -- he lives a very unusual lifestyle. he has a house in beller. that is his home base -- in bel air. that's where spacex. his electricors, car company, is based in silicon

valley. they have an office in palo alto and they also have a factory in fremont, california. he splits his time every week going back and forth between the two. this, mostniind of silicon valley ceo's keep to themselves. they are very much married to silicon valley and the tech lifestyle. more hollywood. he enjoys hanging out with celebrities. the tony stark-type figure from the "iron man" shows. he revels in that. he is more of a celebrity ceo. host: who is too little riley -- tululah riley? ashlee: his second wife. this gets complicated. he has been married and divorced and remarried and divorced from her. she is a british actress. now i understand that elon and are back together. his first wife he had five boys

with. tululah was his second wife. he met her in 2008, when his companies were going under -- not going under but going through tough financial times. she stuck with him through that. host: and relationship currently with justine? say, they share custody of their kids. say it is a little bit strained, although they share custody of the kids and work that out. host: now, you describe your book as before elon and after elon. what does that mean? ashlee: i did a cover story in 2012. him afterf gone to that and asked him -- but i told him that i wanted to do a book. he told me, he was not really going to produce of it. -- participate.

he was going to do his own book , or he was not going to cooperate. i spent 18 months interviewing a couple hundred people. justh of them, pursuing the book anyway. over time, a bunch of those people go back to him and ask him if they should talk to me. then one day, i get a phone call from him at home. it comes up on my caller i.d. elon musk. he said, they're going to participate with the book or make life miserable for you. overshed out terms dinner. he did not get to read the book, even though he asked to and wanted to put some footnotes in it and have some influence. i couldn't live with that. then he agreed to do interviews over eight months. host: and how many sessions to to have with him? ashlee: we met basically once a month over those eight months.

they would go anywhere from an hour to three or four hours at a time. he gave me access at that point to his executives at his companies. and then i would go with him to "reel america tesla -- to tesla and spacex. we would walk around the factory and the design studio. i would go to a movie permit with him and got to see how we operates. premiere. movie caller: host: what is his reputation, what did you take away from the factory visits? what is his reputation as a ceo? ashlee: in silicon valley he is completely seen as the next steve jobs. he is the guy that all the young kids want to be like. he is doing bigger, bolder things than a lot of the app and web service companies. his reputation as a hard

charging guy. he demands a ton of his employees. a six day work week is standard at spacex and tesla. he is very difficult to deal with for competitors and for supplies, he's always putting them on their intense pricing and time pressure. employees, it is the same sort of thing. he gets -- they're inspired, but ton out of them. he has been known to go and people during meetings and to get relentless to get them to solve problems. on the whole, my take away was that he is kind of the most, the most intense human being i have ever met. host: as we're taping this of the middle of 2015, hold is he? ashlee: he's 44. his birthday present was one of those rockets falling -- blowing up. host: did you leave this project is a fan of elon musk? ashlee: that is another

complicated question. i went in, when i first started, i thought he was a one- techno utopian figure. i came away discovering he is a much more complex character. you can easily argue he has lived one of the most interesting lives of anybody going. and he's very complex man. i think i came away thinking that i'm a fan of the companies, absolutely. i think tesla is changing the automotive industry. i think spacex is changing the aerospace industry. olar panel, a s installation company are doing very well. i'm blown away by the technology y. in progress.k there is a lot to love about him and a lot that is very hard. whoill, to me, he's guy

silicon valley talks a lot about disruption. i'm cynical about it. i do not see companies pushing ehrough that, that hard on th status quo. to that degree, i am absolutely a fan of what he is doing. host: you mentioned tesla. how did the factory and up in fremont, california? ashlee: that is an interesting story, as well. there actually was a proper car manufacturing facility there from gm and toyota. they had a partnership that dated back many years. this was supposed to be the best of both worlds. you had japanese manufacturing expertise along with kind of american ingenuity and know-how. and they were going to combine forces. then 2008, when the recession hit, it was an asset that had to go for the car companies. tesla was looking for a factory. so they really got it on the cheap.

the factory would normally be worth billions. they got it for $50 million. including, basically an investment from toyota in the company. host: and? how many people today employ? tell us about the factory today. ashlee: absolutely. ofused to pump up hundreds thousands of cars. it is not filled to capacity. tesla pumps out 50,000 cars a year. they have this model x sedan that cost on the order of $100,000. they are boasts -- about to conmme out with an suv. they employ thousands of people there. on the order of around 10,000. the numbers get higher. this enormousng battery factory in nevada, which is scheduled to employ thousands of people. host: ashlee vance, you write that for musk going public represented something of a faustian bargain. what does that mean?

ashlee: elon likes to, in the case of spacex, he has taken this very long-term view. i think tesla is the same sort of thing. he has to convince people that electric cars. they have to build things like the network of charging stations all across the world. you have got to build this battery factory. it asks a lot of investors in the company to continuously buy into the idea that he is going to gamble billions of dollars again and again. needed to was, he raise money at that point in time for the company to build its factories. so he had to go public. then that put him under this immense pressure and scrutiny, that elon does not like. he prefers to operate with secrecy around him. essentially, the company had no choice. that was coming out of 2008. and the company really needed

money at that point. it?: hyper lu, what is ashlee: we do not know for sure yet. elon's announced this a couple years ago. it is a monorail type thing. it would be a raised platform with pods that travel on a bed of air. elon's version of the pods would go 800 miles in art. you could go from l.a. to san francisco which would take five hours from car. it would take 30 minutes. it is all hypothetical, essentially a drawing on paper. elon was obsessed about the california high spilled rail project. he thinks it is expensive and slow, which i guess it is. so he offer this up as an idea as an alternative. looking to commercialize it himself, although two or three companies have since appeared that are start ups. they have taken the ideas that he put out there.

they are looking to buy air right. one is trying to go between los angeles and las vegas in 15 minutes. you could leave l.a. and go to vegas for the night and come back and sleep in your bed. host: your book has been on the bestseller list. have you heard any feedback from mr. musk? ashlee: i did. you know, so, he did not get to see the book before it came out but i did let him see it once it was finished a couple weeks before. i did not want him to have to buy on amazon and speed rate it. it seems like the fair thing to do. he sort of pushed back on a few things or a little bit, at least giving me his feedback on them. then a day later, he came back and he told me it was well done and it was very accurate. he gave me a 95% accuracy rating.

we sort of left it at that and went on with business as usual. host: you compare and contrast obs, billve j gates and a couple other high-tech guys. give us a sense of what you say in the book. ashlee: yeah. know, in silicon valley today, he is seen as the next steve jobs figure. thisually -- he's got attention to detail. he pushes his workers really hard. thisd to lean more to medicine kind of idea, although has a lot to prove. what i have taken away is that he is a guy that gets thousands of engineers at spacex, and tesla, the brightest of the bright. these hard-working individuals and really is able to get products out of them that can be commercialized. that have really changed the industry. if you look at, to me, he is the guy who has, he's combined

software and hardware, this idea of atoms and bits in a way that nobody else has. he has changed the car forever. the computer on wheels. all of the other automakers are scrambling for the software. he has taken consumer electronics and software and change the economics of space travel. so i see him as this industrialist more on the order of edison. i think, certainly, he is gone to get something like a mainstream electric car, a re usable rocket to be in the ultimate pantheon. host: something else that elon musk proposed was the launching of the satellite in l oow altite to increase internet speed. ashlee: the idea of a space internet is what i call it. you would surround the air with thousands of satellites in a low earth orbit. much more satellites -- have a latency. it is not good for internet service. utnil recently, we have gone to

a point where we can make these satellites and people have come up with ideas on how to arrange them. so, you would send up these thousands of satellites. it would serve a couple of different functions. 3 billionre's about people on the planet who probably will never be served by fiber-optic cables. it is too expensive or too hard to get it to them. so, for the first time, they would have fiber-optic equivalent speeds delivered from space. then it would be a backup internet. anything that went wrong with , you cables on the earth would have the space internet as a backup and it could be used to sort of deal with huge amounts of traffic's that gets sent between north america and europe. spacex is looking to build a satellite and send them up through a partnership with google. then there's another company their competitor that is ahead of spacex i this

race. host: is that project off the drawing board? ashlee: the competitor -- they've got sort of designs for the satellite but very close to getting manufacturing and to sending up the satellite. spacex is coming from behind here. announced a couple month ago the creation of a seattle office for spacex where they're going to build the satellites and it is early days for sure. then the other huge question behind all of this is that, in a good year, spacex or the european -- rocket launch company, they woudld do one launch a month. to get thousands of the settlers in orbit, we are talking about a launch a week or several a month. around huge questions where this capacity is going to come from, especially with spacex hit a bump in the road lately. host: ashlee vance, i wonder if

elon musk took exception to this paragraph which opens " each might be ank's life attempt to sue the type of existential depression that seems to gnaw at his there he fiber."-- his very fiber." ashlee: it goes back to the thing we're talking about earlier. talk aboutn we would the survival of the human species, you have to remember that the ultimate goal in spacex is not just to send of satellites. it is to create a colony on mars. this is elon's overarching life goal. to some people it sounds really weird, but he thinks the human species needs a break up -- a backup plan. his existential dread is that the human species will be wiped out, and that we are not doing anything about this. take't hthink he would

exception with that at all. he would break down in tears at the thought of sort of man being wiped out by a virus or something, which we have not even forcing. host: mary beth brown. who is she? to ton comparison stark. she would be the equivalent of pepper potts, his assistant. she worked with them for 13 years dating back to paypal days. elon's crazy life, living into cities every week. working seven days a week to it she did all of that. she essentially gave up her life to him. she was his personal assistant, work assistant, she would handle media and business decisions. she was the person people would come to if they wanted to ask elon for a lot of money for a project, they would come to her

first and see if she gave them a nod. was elon in a good mood or bad? during the reporting of my book 18 month ago, she was let go from the company. host: why? ashlee: the story as i've heard it from other people and from elon was that mary beth asked for a raise. she wanted to become an sated on the order of an executive vice president at spacex. she has this very weird role. there was no one job title that would cover what she did. and elon told her to take a couple weeks off to clear her head. then also he wanted to see what life was like without he whenr she came back, he said he thought he could survive without. her. i do not think she took that very well. host: that is a taste of elon musk. tesla, spacex a quest for a

fantastic future written by ashlee vance. thanks for being on c-span. ashlee: thank you so much for having me. c-span, created by america's cable companies 35 years ago and brought to you as a public service by your local cable or satellite provider. >> with the senate in its august break, we'll feature book tv programming in prime time on c-span 2, starting at 8:00 p.m. eastern. for the weekends come here are a few special programs. are live august 22, we from jackson, mississippi, for the mississippi book festival, beginning at 11:30 a.m. eastern with discussions on harper lee, civil rights, and the civil war. on saturday, september 5, we are live from our nation's capital for the 15th annual national book festival. followed on sunday with our live

in-depth program with former second lady and senior fellow at the american enterprise institute, lynne cheney. book tv on c-span 2. television for serious readers. >> next, a portion of today's "washington journal" on the recent toxic river spill in colorado. epa cleanup efforts and what is ahead for the region. bout it. >> "washington journal" continues. us nowruce finley joins from denver. he is the environmental writer he "the denver post errico has been traveling around the state, covering the spill by the environmental protection agency on august 5. 10 days after this though, to be have a hand on how many people have been impacted, and what the greatest risk is at this point? .uest: well, no ow