follow the c-span cities tour as we travel outside the washington beltway to communities across america. >> the idea is to take programming out on the road, to produce pieces that are more visual, that provide a window into these cities that viewers would not normally go to. and have rich histories rich literary scenes. >> a lot of people here about the histories of the big cities, but what about the small ones? 75we have been to over cities. we will hit 95 cities in 2016. >> must of our coverage on c-span is even coverage, these are shorter, they take you someplace, a home or historic site. >> we partner with affiliates to

explore the culture of various cities. >> the key is the cable operator, who contacts the city. it is the cable industry that is bringing us there. >> we are looking for great characters, you want viewers to be able to identify with these people. >> it isn't very mental program -- experimental program where we take people on the road, they can learn about the local also the national story. >> if someone watches this, it should be enticing enough that they can get the idea of the story, but also feel like this is in their backyard. >> we want viewers to get the sense that they know this place, just by watching it. a partc-span mission is

of being on the road. >> you have to believe in this in order to do this job. this is the one thing that we wanted it to do, build relationships with the city and cable partners and gather great programming for american history tv. >> watch the cities tour on the c-span networks. to see where we are going next, see our schedule, on www.c-span.org. >> from habitat for humanity, withearts and prayers are jimmy carter and his wife. he is now facing cancer that is spreading in his brain and liver. prayers of our entire organization have been with president carter and his family. we will have jimmy carter's news conference from atlanta next, on c-span. then ashton carter talks about

closing one, bay. guantanamo day. and then a look at policing practices in cities. >> thank you all for coming.

express special thanks to my wife. also to the doctors and hundreds of the well-wishers here who have sent in letters and e-mails. i would like to outline what is happened so far with my medical condition. toward the end, what i plan to do in the future, i will answer questions from the media. in may i went down to guyana. i had a bad cold, came back here to emery. i wanted them to check me over. in the process, they did a complete physical examination. the mri showed there was a cancer or growth on my liver. they did a scan that lit up so they were pretty sure there was a cancer.

the tumor was only two and a half cubic centimeters. they removed a 10th of my liver. they did a biopsy and found out it was cancer, melanoma. right now, they have a very high suspicion that the melanoma started somewhere else in my body and spread to the liver. doctors told me that 98% of all melanoma is skin cancer and 2% is internal. then i came back after that and they did a biopsy and found -- i think they did the mri --

and they found there were four spots of melanoma on my brain. they are small spots, two millimeters if you can envision what a millimeter is. and i will get my first radiation treatment and my brain is this afternoon. i will have four treatments scheduled at three week intervals. in addition to that, yesterday they gave me a mask that would hold my head still while the radiation goes in. in addition, they have given me an iv, this is a medicine that they use for melanoma that enhances the activity of the anti-immune system.

this is medicine that has been approved in the united states and has been tested in europe. my doctors will also continue to scan other parts of my body with an mri and touch scan to see if and where the melanoma originated. that will be the ongoing for the next couple of months. there was a doctor at emery that did the surgery. dr. lawson is a specialist for melanoma and there is a specialist in radiation. they are working very closely with other cancer centers around this nation. indiana, also in

houston, texas, and others. i have referred those offers of help to the doctors to get their acquiescence of approval before treatment. for a number of years, we have planned on reducing the work at the carter center but we have not done it yet. [laughter] we thought about it when i was 80 years old, when i was 85, and when i was 90, this is a time to carry out our long-delayed plans so i will cut it dramatically on my obligations at the carter center. as you know, the carter center has a full legal partnership with emery with trustees approved by emery and vice versa.

we have built up a substantial endowment tied the carter center over. we have now about a little over $600 million in that endowment. i will continue to sign letters requesting contributions and making calls to people. i will continue with the funding and the trustee meetings, i will attend those. i would also like to schedule the regular meetings with our fellows and directors as they give detailed reports on what we are doing with these programs and other health programs. so i will continue to do that. i cannot really anticipate the

feeling. i will have to differ to my doctors in charge of treatment. i understand that they -- the radiation treatment and also the injections will be every three weeks, four times and they are starting to look at what the results might of been. i will try to adhere to that schedule as much as possible. the carter center has brought this without any handicap, the activities we have been doing, we have decided last march, on replacing the chairman of the board, with my grandson. the board of trustees made that

in march and that will happen in november. that board makes the ultimate decisions about what the carter center works on an budget matters. so jason will be there and if he asds advice, i will give it i have done in the past. i was chairman for a while but i step down a number of years ago. i will try as best i can to continue my work as a professional at emery and to attend some of the meetings. i would say that the rest of my plans would be determined by my consultations with doctors on what i needed to do to get adequate treatment for the melanoma. it has existed in my liver, they think they got it all but in a -- it has shown up in four places in my brain and it is likely to show up other places in my body.

so that is all i wanted to say to you, but i will be glad to answer questions. >> good morning, just want to get your initial reaction when you heard the cancer word and what doctors have said about your prognosis? optimistic and your spirits good. pres. carter: i felt that it was confined to my liver and the operation had completely removed it, so then that same afternoon we had an mri of my head and neck and it showed up in my brain. i would say that night and the next day until i came back to emery, i thought i had a few weeks left.

surprisingly, at ease. i have had a wonderful life and thousands of friends. i have had an exciting and adventurous existence. so i was surprisingly at ease, more than my wife. now i feel, you know, this is worship, of god, who i and i am prepared for anything that comes. >> mr. president, you just said that you expect that there will be further cancers diagnosed. was it at all difficult, given the fact that you also just said that maybe it was a matter of a few weeks? was it difficult to decide to go ahead with this treatment? does your faith play any role in the fact that you did that or did you consider at any time, not doing anything?

pres. carter: i never have doubted that i would carry out the recommendations of emery doctors. said they wanted to go head and find out the other places of cancer and treat them, i am at ease with this. i am at ease with whatever comes. i am very grateful. i was pleasantly surprised that i didn't go into an attitude of despair or anger or anything like that. i was just completely at ease. i think that is a testament to my veracity, i have been very grateful. i am ready for anything. i'm looking forward to a new adventure. , you justnt carter ust at ease, can you tell

more about your discussions with your doctors and family, and how you came to decide that you did want treatment and one at to -- and you wanted to pursue anything your doctors recommended? pres. carter: that was a difficult for me because i don't think i'll ever found it difficult to commit to what my doctors recommended. i have decided that to begin with. i understand if you have any technical questions, i would be ready to answer. the three doctors that i worked with in close harmony with me, the surgeon that did the operation on my liver and the specialist on treatment of cancer.

itself. -- also the specialist on melanoma itself. they have been like a team working very closely with me. i have complete confidence in them and they have been gracious enough to reach out to others and have volunteered to consult with them and i understand they have shared the mri with some others. they are consulting with the best cancer treaters in the world. i'm very grateful that emery is in charge. >> first of all, i am so sorry and sad to hear this news. i just have a basic question. how are you feeling? pres. carter: i feel good. i haven't felt any weakness or debility. the pain has been very slight. right after the operation on my ofer, i had a little bit pain in my stomach. it was a very tiny operation with tiny incisions in my stomach.

i had some pain in my right shoulder, strange enough but my doctor said that was expected. just resonating pain that goes from your liver and internal organs up to your right shoulder , if you have liver problems and i think if you have a heart problem, it goes to your left shoulder. i only took the pain medicine for a few hours and then i did not have to take it anymore. i had a slight reaction last night to the first treatment. i had a bit of pain in my shoulder and i went to bed around 6:00 and slept until 8:00 this morning. i think that's the best night sleep i had in many years. i feel at ease about it and i have been very lucky the doctors have been there to help with any aspects of pain. tom jones fromt,

wsbtv. has there been any correspondence or calls that have really touched you? >> president bush called me, bush senior called me yesterday afternoon. i think i appreciated that very much. president obama called, the vice president called, bill clinton called, hillary clinton called, secretary of state called, talk ed to me for a long time. first time they have spoken with me for a long time. [laughter] i think that the close friends i have had around home that have done special things, bringing pies and stuff like that, i think maybe feel good but my family, all of the folks. we have about 21 other carters that live in georgia, they have been down to see us and they will be down for my wife's

birthday celebration. i have just had a multiple infusion of gratitude. >> >> jonathan karl with abc news. two questions, first i saw a report that you told habitat for humanity that you would still like to go forward with your trip to nepal in november. you still have to make that trip? pres. carter: i would still hope to go. it would require an airplane right from kathmandu to the area south down toward the indian border. if i do that, i understand i -- i have not talked to the doctors yet, but it would postpone my last treatment, so it is something i will have to consider. up until this morning, i was completely committed to go to habitat. if i don't go, the rest of my family will probably go in my place.

>> you have really redefined what it means to be a former president. can you reflect on the work you have done since you left the white house and what you hope to still do? pres. carter: the work of the carter center has been more personally gratifying to me because when you're president, you have a responsibility for 350 million people and members of the armed forces. there has been a number of good things for which i'm grateful, that was the high point of my life. politically speaking, if i -- being the president has allowed me to have the influence and contact with people and knowledge that has been the foundation for the carver -- carter center. the carter center has a completely different approach. we deal with individual people. they are in the smallest and most obscure and suffering villages in the desert and the

jungles of africa and we have had programs in 80 different countries for the most destitute people in the world. that has been far more gratifying, personally. we actually interact with families and people who are have blind or who illnesses like elephantiasis. going into villages and learning about them and their needs and those needs, i think it is one of the best things that ever happened to me. it has been personally more gratifying but the presidency was political. it laid the groundwork for my work at the carter center. >> do you feel like you have more work to do? pres. carter: within the boundaries of my physical and

mental capability, i will do it. i'll have to give the treatment regimen top priority. >> hallie jackson, nbc news. given your family history with this disease, what message do you have to other cancer patients that are watching you go through this? pres. carter: i read a lot about cancer with the death of my father and my only brother and both of my sisters. for a long time, my family was the only one owner that had as earth the only one on that had four people die from pancreatic cancer. my brothers and sisters continue to die, and so, pancreatic cancer is, as i understand, it

does have some genetic causes. but it is exacerbated by smoking cigarettes which i've never done. so, melanoma is a completely different thing. it may be in the future that melanoma would show up on my pancreas but they have not found that to be true. monitoring those closely. the only place they of known -- they have known about the cancer has been on my liver and my brain. i would say that one of the greatest scientific developments in the last five years has been with two kinds of cancer, one is lung cancer and the other one is melanoma. so the treatment for melanoma in addition to radiation or chemotherapy has been the giving of these medicines that

exacerbate or enhance, i should say, enhance the function of your self-regulating aspect. the autoimmune system. the autoimmune system will activate. it makes it more active. >> the message to other patients it for hope or acceptance? pres. carter: hope, yes, and accept what comes. i have been blessed. becoming president of the united states of america and governor of georgia, working at the carter center, a big and growing family, thousands of friends, living to be 91 years old, everything has been a blessing for me. i am thankful and hopeful.

>> with voice of america, i wanted to ask, you have taken a pragmatic approach to the treatment and news. what has been the most difficult part? pres. carter: i haven't had a difficult treatment aspect. liver surgery was extensive. there was a little bit of pain. they took 1/10 of my liver. it healed up quickly and i had minimal pain. the first treatment i had yesterday will be followed this afternoon by radiation. that will be every three weeks. i have not had any unpleasantness yet. >> will it be difficult to step

away? pres. carter: what i really wanted to go to, this would've been our 33rd year of going without fail. i was very hopeful about that. but if it interrupts the treatment regimen, and i think i need treatment. touchedwondering, you upon it, in your career as president, governor, even as husband, is there anything you can share with us that you are most proud of and is there anything you might have done differently or thought you might not have done. pres. carter: the best thing i ever did was marrying my wife. that's the pinnacle. 69 years together. that's the best thing that happened to me. getting involved in politics, i was a state senator the governor

then president. we have a growing family, 22 grandchildren and great grandchildren. 12 grand children and 10 great-grandchildren. and they are coming every year, so we have a harmonious family. i would say the haven for our s,ves has been in plain georgia. i plan to teach sunday school this sunday and for as long as i am physically mentally able. we have hundreds of visitors to see the curiosity of a politician teaching the bible. so i will continue that. >> anything you wish, i'm sorry -- that you had not done or had

changed? done differently? pres. carter: i wish i'd sent more helicopters to get the hostages and i would've been reelected. [laughter] pres. carter: that may have interfered with the carter center. if i would choose between four more years for the carter center i would choose the carter center but it could've been both. >> i wondered, you talked about your big family and with this diagnosis, have you encouraged them to see the doctor. are you seeing that there is more interest in finding out what's going on? pres. carter: i don't think there's any doubt that my descendents have some genetic challenge from the pancreatic cancer and my melanoma. whatever the doctors recommend for blood cancer, things like that, as a precautionary member for other family members, i have not discussed that with them and i don't know the answer. i could get two or three more questions. go ahead. >> with the atlanta journal, how

did you break the news to your family? pres. carter: i found out toward the end of may that i had a spot on my liver. that was suspect. i think i put in my diary that i did not tell rosa until about the 15th of june. and then, when i found out i definitely had cancer, key members of our family came to the carter center and they gave them a briefing and gave out the chief executive officer briefing what the prospects were. and then i put out a statement , to soon as i knew about it the public, that i did have cancer and it had metastasized.

what kind it was, i did not say it was melanoma, i didn't say it had spread to my brain, i just said other parts of my body. as quickly as i could, i told the public and my family the things about which i was absolutely certain. rather than just guessing. >> thank you, sanjay gupta with cnn. pres. carter: i know. [laughter] i have been taking all these questions so i can get to you. [laughter] >> i have a couple of questions, about the medical aspects. you became ill in may. they had an mri that should -- showed the mass but it wasn't until two months later in my understanding from your comments you had the operation. i'm wondering about that time. was there any consideration not to do anything during that time. you're following the

recommendations of your doctor, options?ou weigh the pres. carter: the complete rundown on the options that were available. when they made a recommendation on the particular medical treatment, i took their advice. we knew, i would say, the end of june, that i had to have an operation on my liver. but i had an extensive book tour scheduled in 14 to 15 cities and i wanted to do that and the doctors told me there was a slow-growing cancer. it wouldn't make any difference andeen the middle of july august, so we scheduled it when i was through with the book tour. incidentally, my surgeon was scheduled for a vacation trip in spain. so the culmination of all those things just caused me to wait until everything was ready. so i stayed very busy during that time. i didn't tell everybody much about it.

except to rosa. do you have another question? >> that is all. carter, you talked your home, can you talk about the support and what it meant to you/ when i got out of the navy i came back here and was a farmer for about 17 years and when i got through being governor i came back to planes then after i was the president we came back so now no matter what, we always look forward to getting back to plansde that's where our farm is and we have a newer farm but had

a farm since 1833's and 1902 a newer farm so my roots are there and my closest friends are there and it's just very important to me. so planes has just been the focal point of our life. and about 80,000 visitors come there and come to find out how out of this little tiny town a future president could have gone and learn about my schooling and things of that type. so planes means a lot to me. >> thank you. >> thank you. >> with mundo hispanic newspaper. i wonder if you have difficult -- discuss with your family or close -- how do you see this in the future? the carter center. >> how do i feel what?

>> how do you see the carter center in the future? >> well, i think it will be equal to what it's been in the past. it's been expanding every year as far as the number of people we treat for horrible diseases and things like that. this year we will treat 71 million people on earth for diseases so that they won't have afflictions they have had throughout their lifetimes. and so we have added -- we have finished 100 or -- we are still trying to bring peace. so we concentrate on peace and human rights and democracy and freedom and the alleviation of suffering and i would say in every one of those areas, the carter center's functions are

still expanding. and i'm completely honest without my everyday constant involvement in different things with it. as long as without me, directors can carry tout programs. >> and how do you receive messages from latin america where the carter center had participation? >> well, i had a lot of messages the last few days from latin america. i will be meeting next week. or next month with a group from panama. and i've already approved that program on my schedule. so we maintain a wide range of programs and in latin america primarily to try to do away with conflict in the country and the relationship between the news media and executive branch of the government when they try to stamp out freedom of the press.

and also teach full relationships. and we have an on going program in six countries and we still have a small cluster of people -- about 25,000 total population between porder between venezuela and brazil. so we will work on that so we will continue our work in latin america. >> good morning, mr. president. i'm from the news radio. here in atlanta as jason is preparing to take over as chairman of the board at the carter center, you have very much been the face of peace negotiations since the time that you left office. as he is continuing the efforts

in the health and humanitarian efforts of the carter center, will you also be active and advising him in the international -- >> well, the board of trustees and body of trustees. about 23 i think. they make the final decisions and ultimate choices of what we do and how much money we spend on things and how many people we send. so the chairman of the board is deeply involved in making those ultimate decisions and sending it to the poured of trustees. so i presume he's handled it in the last three years superbly so i'm sure he will use -- he may not be directly involved, but he'll be going to myranmar

heading up the delegation for that important election. >> maria, longtime journalist and supporter report in the atlanta business chronicle. >> i know. >> you have had such a scope of work in your life. in the time that you have left, what would give you the most satisfaction of things happening like peace in the middle east or a cure for polio or if you could look at the state of the world and how you have been working in efforts to try to -- >> in all honesty i would say peace for israel and its neighbors. that's been the top priority of my foreign policy projects for the last 30 years. right now i think the processal perfects are more dismal than anytime i remember in the last 50 years.

the government official has no desire for a two-state solution which -- the united states has practically no influence. compared to past years. and in either israel or palestine. but that would be my number one foreign policy hope. as far as the carter center is concerned, i would like to see all disease completely eradicated before i die. i think right now we have 11 cases with one and 3.6 billion cases of another and two cases in south sudan and one case in ethiopia and pally and seven cases in chad. we know we are all -- i would say that would be my top priority.

>> good morning president carter, with 46 news here in atlanta. you fought many political battles throughout your career. how tough do you expect this fight against cancer will be? >> well, it won't be tough on my part. i will just acquiesce and i'm a cooperating patient and within the bounds of my own judgment, i will do what the doctors recommend to extends my life as much as possible. so it's no hardship on me. they say, and i trust them completely, to alleviate the effects or after effects of treatments. they have a lot of treatments ongoing with different patients in the world. so i don't anticipate any troubling pain or suffering or deprive asian or deprivation on my part.

thank you-all for coming. i appreciate it. i don't know if -- do you want to add anything? any particular questions? he can correct my mistakes. sorry? ok. i'm leaving. thank you all very much. [laughter] [applause] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] politics, books, and american

history. on c-span saturday, live coverage of candidates at the iowa state fair continues. we will year chris christie at noon and bobby jindal 1 p.m.. sunday evening at 6 p.m., wisconsin republican governor scott walker in new hampshire. on c-span2, book tv is one of the inaugural mississippi book festival beginning at 1130 a.m. coverage includes former governor haley barbour as well as discussions on civil rights, history, biography, and the literary lives of harper lee. author and columnist katie kiefer shares are critical thoughts on the obama administration relationship with millennial's. on american history tv on c-span3, columbia university on the preservation of new york's cultural, political, and architectural landmarks in the

history of the commission created to protect them. three films on., a pilot district project administered by the johnson administration to help improve relations between the police and community and washington, d.c., after the 1968 martin luther king assassination and subsequent riots. get the complete schedule on www.c-span.org. defense secretary ash carter said guantanamo bay should be closed for president barack obama leaves office. he said the pentagon is looking at sites in the u.s. to move the detainees currently being held at guantanamo. here's a portion of his briefing.

sec. carter: hi, everyone. afternoon. well, i want to begin this afternoon by congratulating the most recent graduate of the u.s. army's ranger school. as many of you in this room have reported, two remarkable women are among the 96 remarkable people who graduated. they're the first two women to pass through this elite proving ground for military leadership. earlier today, i had the privilege of offering my personal congratulations to the two of them, who, along with their fellow graduates, have now earned the right to wear the ranger tab. truly, it's a huge credit for anyone, man or woman, to endure the intense training and curriculum at ranger school, and to prevail and graduate. clearly, these two soldiers are trail blazers. and after all, that's what it means to be a ranger. rangers lead the way. these recent graduates will be leaders of our army, of our force of the future, and like every ranger serving today,

they'll help lead the finest fighting force the world has ever known. because of the foundations that were laid for women to serve in additional roles, actually during my tenure here as deputy secretary of defense, which i'm pleased -- i take special satisfaction in the strides like this, that we continue to make. approximately 110,000 ground combat positions have been opened to women since then, and the department's policy is that all ground combat positions will be open to women, unless rigorous analysis of factual data shows that the positions must remain closed. on october 1st, the services will provide a report to the chairman requesting any exception to this policy. and i'll review the services recommendation and make a final determination on that issue by the end of this year.

as we open -- new subject, now. as we open a new chapter in our history, we continue our work to bring another chapter, on a different subject, to a close. working with our inter-agency colleagues, with the white house and the congress, we continue our efforts to close the detention facility at guantanamo bay. here, let me reiterate what i have consistently stated as long as this -- detention facility remains open, it will remain a rallying cry for jihadi propaganda. the taxpayers are paying too high a financial price to keep this facility open. and additionally, closing the detention facility at guantanamo is not something, in my judgment, that we should leave to the next president, whether republican or democrat. it's for all of these reasons that i've strongly supported president obama's commitment to bringing a responsible end to

holding detainees at guantanamo. now to move forward on guantanamo -- and this is something i've stressed also -- there are two groups of detainees we need to address. first, there's a share of detainees who have been or could be deemed eligible for transfer to other nations. but only in a way that mitigates the threat that these detainees might pose to the security of the united states. finding a solution for these individuals involves complicated negotiations with international

partners, extensive consultations with the leaders of the national security and legal organizations and final approval by me. my responsibility to assess that the risk of any transfer has been mitigated is not only the law but common sense. we do this carefully, we do it deliberately. i've approved the transfer of several detainees and continue -- will continue to do so when appropriate. still, i have stressed -- and this is important -- that transferring this group of detainees represents only one complex piece of this equation. we cannot, in fact, close guantanamo until we find a solution to the second portion of the gitmo detainee

population, namely those who are not eligible for transfer. this is a group of detainees who, in the interest of our national security, should remain in law of war detention. i, therefore, want to complete a responsible, realistic and security-focused plan for an alternative defense detention facility in the united states for that second population. i'm pleased that many members from both sides of the aisles in congress have indicated their interest in and willingness to consider such a plan. under my direction, dod assessment teams are evaluating alternative detention sites and examine the investments required to make facilities suitable for holding this second group of detainees. assessment teams have gone to leavenworth and will soon go to charleston to analyze requirements. this does not mean that either of these sites will be chosen; we will also be assessing other

locations in coming weeks. ultimately, the facility surveys will provide me, the rest of the president's national security team and congress with some of the information needed to chart a responsible way forward and a plan so that we can close the detention facility at guantanamo and this chapter in our history once and for all. and, finally, while it may be the dog days of august, we're forging ahead here in the pentagon with some critical work and i don't need to remind anyone in this room that it's only 41 days until a budget must be passed. i hope that, in the coming days and weeks, congress will come together and pass a responsible budget. to build the force of the future, the one our warfighters, our taxpayers and our nation deserves, we need budget certainty. with that, i'll open it up for questions. yes? >> mr. secretary, two things on syria: first, i'm wondering if you can bring us up to date on the syria train and equip program and how you -- what you believe is necessary for the

u.s. to do in order to either change or adjust how they are deployed to avert what has happened last month. and secondly, on turkey's expected launch of airstrikes into syria, that has not yet begun again, that there was one initial. but there was a lot of discussion about the u.s. needed to sign some sort of mou so that turkey could launch airstrikes into syria. where do you see that? is there progress? or do you think turkey is dragging its feet and will instead continue to focus its efforts on the pkk? sec. carter: ok. let me do the train and equip part first. that program is part of the strategy; the strategy is the right one, namely the strategy

of training, equipping and then enabling local ground forces because that's the only way to have a lasting defeat of isil. that's possible because we're -- we've been doing it in other places, for example, the kurds with elements of the iraqi security forces. i've been candid that it is difficult and has been difficult with respect to syria. and accordingly, we are, to answer your question, working on adjusting that program constantly, based upon the lessons we've learned so far, the experience we've had, to try to expand the numbers and the scope of that program. that's difficult work but it's necessary work. with respect to turkey: we do want turkey to do more in the fight against isil.

your specific question was about turkey joining in the coalition air campaign. the turks have agreed in principle to do that; they now need to join the so-called ato and participate in that. that's only one part of what we need turkey to do and what turkey has indicated some willingness to do. we need them also as a neighbor to this conflict zone, as a long-time nato ally and a responsible member of the anti-isil coalition, to control the border, the long border that they have with both syria and iraq, more than it has been controlled over the last year. it is a border over which logistics for isil and fighters cross; and so we're looking for them to do more in that regard as well and are in active discussions with them about that

second part, which is doing more along the border. so we need turkey to do more; we're in active discussions, including the president himself. they've indicated considerable willingness to do that. we're working through the practicalities of that. and it's extremely important for the campaign against isil. q: do you believe they're dragging their feet? sec. carter: no, i don't think they're dragging their feet. i think that they have -- their leadership has indicated that they -- this needs to be done. it's overdue, because it's a year into the campaign, but they're indicating some considerable effort now, including some -- allowing us to use their airfields. that's important, but it's not

enough. they need to join the ato and they need to work more on controlling their border. and we've -- we have made that clear. barbara? >> can i ask you to step back for a minute on all of this. the intelligence community has openly called the fight against isis as a stalemate at best right now. while there's been some shifting on the ground, overall, stalemate. you have the turks not moving as fast as you've just said you want them to; the iraqi forces, three months later still struggling to even get back to ramadi; train-and-equip in trouble; and your own intelligence community calling it a stalemate. your bottom line. it may work eventually. is it working now? how do you have, as defense secretary, really feel about

this at the moment? is it working? and we -- and tell me why and why not? and my other question is on gitmo, all of your predecessors have publicly said they've been pressured by the white house to approve transfers at a higher rate. can you tell us are you feeling -- what pressure are you getting from the white house to speed up transfers? sec. carter: ok, first of all, on the first question, i'm confident we will defeat isil. it is hard work, it's difficult work, i think we have the right strategy. you're right. we're getting turkey -- to get to the previous question -- more into the fight now. iraq obviously was in no position to effectively counter

isil last summer. it is in a better position this summer than it was last summer. obviously, it's not -- a lot better position than last summer when mosul fell. a better position, for that matter, than three months ago also because there have been some additional iraqi forces that have been trained. outreach to the sunnis, some substantial successes by kurds in the north, and very serious determination on the part of prime minister abadi to carry out the kind of multi-sectarian governance that is necessary for success. with respect to the second -- well, then you can report that, but i'm not going to try to characterize it. i'm confident that we will succeed in defeating isil and that we have the right strategy, but it's complicated not just only in iraq, as you indicate, but in syria as well. and of course, that's not the only aspect of defeating isil. there is an intelligence aspect of that where we need to know better about isil than we did last summer, and we're trying to

improve that; the foreign fighter flow, which i talked to earlier; and the economic and humanitarian aspects of this. so there are a number of aspects of it, in addition to the military aspect, that makes it more complicated, but all of those ingredients are -- so-called nine lines of effort to the final and eventual and certain defeat of isil. with respect to guantanamo, i see it exactly the way the president does, which is as i said, this is a -- something that is a rallying point for jihadi propaganda, it's expensive for this department and not something that the president wants to leave to his successor, and i think that is a

very, very correct position. i support it entirely. you -- you ask about transfers, and we are doing transfers. i'm gonna do that very carefully. the public would expect that, that's what the law says, i said the law's consistent with common sense, and i'm gonna do that when and as i can make the appropriate certification. but the point i was making today, barbara, is an entirely different one, which is that there is a set of the detainees at guantanamo bay that are not going to be transferred, because they have they're not eligible for transfer, so gitmo can't be closed only by addressing that first part, important as that is, and seriously as i take that work and that responsibility. there's this the second part. so i've been stressing that even

as we work hard and deliberately and carefully and responsibly on the first part, which is what i'm doing and will continue to do, all of that, we have to work on the second part, and that's the point i was making today. i am working with the white house on this, and have been right from the beginning. courtney? >> one more follow-up on gitmo, actually. you mentioned in your opening statement that members of congress have shown some willingness to consider such a plan of moving the detainees here to the continental u.s. have any of those members of congress been ones who would actually potentially see the detention center in their state? so like charleston, leavenworth, whatever the civilian ones are that we haven't been -- sec. carter: i don't wanna speak for any particular members. you'd have to ask -- ask them, but the -- i think the basic point is that -- and -- and i indicated this in the statement, that both charleston and leavenworth happen to be places where we operate detention facilities, and therefore some of the information, including

cost information, and so forth, that we need can be obtained by visiting those two. that doesn't mean that either of those would be the chosen location for -- and -- and furthermore, we're looking for other ones, as well. so i don't wanna speak for members of congress. there have been members who have indicated, now, and this goes back in time, a willingness to consider a plan, and so our responsibility is to provide them with a plan that they can consider that is a responsible one, so that people who share my and the president's assessment that this would be a good thing to do if -- if we can all come together behind a plan to do it -- can have a chance to look at something and make up their minds. >> live coverage from des moines starting at 11 a.m. eastern. later, presidential candidate bernie sanders hold a town hall meeting in columbia, south carolina. from c-span uncles

viewers. live coverage of 7 p.m. eastern. -- he will take calls from c-span viewers. up next, a look at the relationship between local law enforcement and the neighborhoods they serve. journal", "washington was in richmond, virginia. we spoke with police officials and the mayor of pr he of the discussion begins with a time magazine survey about attitudes the general public has towards their local police. about the level of confidence people have in their police. the poll was taken, 52% of respondents said that they had a great deal of confidence in the police. by comparison, those same people said -- 72% said they had confidence in the military. 31% had confidence in public schools and a present of confidence in congress but when it comes to police, the level of confidence express