>> next on c-span, former president jimmy carter talks about his cancer diagnosis and treatment. then, presidential candidate rick santorum discusses immigration. later, senator marco rubio lays out his economic plan. this weekend on c-span networks, politics, books, and american history. on c-span saturday, live coverage of presidential candidates continues. we will hear from chris christie and bobby jindal. sunday evening at 6:30, scott walker holds a town hall meeting in ashland, new hampshire. on c-span 2 saturday, book tv is live at the inaugural mississippi book festival. coverage features former governor haley barbour, as well as panel discussions on civil rights, history, and the literary lives of harper lee and

eudora wealthy. sunday at 10:00, katie keever shares her critical thoughts on the obama administrations relationship with millennial's. on c-span 3, saturday afternoon, columbia university's andrew dull cart on the preservation of landmarks. sunday at 4:00 p.m., three films on the pilot district project, a program administered by the johnson administration to help improve relations between the police and the community in washington, d.c. after the martin luther king assassination and subsequent riots. get our complete schedule at c-span.org. >> former president jimmy carter held a news conference to talk about his cancer treatment. the 90-year-old former president has been diagnosed with melanoma , a skin cancer that has

progressed to his brain and liver. this event was held at the carter center in atlanta. pres. carter: thank you all for coming this morning. i want to express my special thanks.

i would like to outline what is happened so far with my medical condition. toward the end, what i plan to do in e future, i will answer questions from the media. in may i went down to guyana. i had a bad cold, came back here to emery. in the process, they did a complete physical examination. the mri showed there was a cancer or growth on my liver. they did a scan that lit up so they were pretty sure there was a cancer.

the tumor was only two and a half cubic centimeters. they removed 85 cubic centimeters, which was a 10th of my liver. they did a biopsy and found out it was cancer and melanoma. they had a suspicion then and now that the melanoma started somewhere else in my body and spread to the liver. doctors told me that 98% of all melanoma is skin cancer and 2% is internal. then i came back after that and they did a biopsy and found after an mri. they found there were four spots of melanoma on my brain. they are small spots, two millimeters if you can envision

what a millimeter is. and my first radiation treatment in my brain is this afternoon. i will have four treatments scheduled at three week intervals. in addition to that, yesterday they gave me a mask that would hold my head still while the radiation goes in. so i can be ready for that assessment. and they will give me an iv of -- this is a medicine that they use for melanoma that enhances the activity of the anti-immune system. this medicine has been approved in the united states and has

been tested in europe. my doctors will also continue to scan other parts of my body with an mri and touch scan to see if and where the melanoma originated. that will be the ongoing for the next couple of months. there was a doctorate emery that did the surgery. dr. lawson is a specialist for melanoma and there is a specialist in radiation. they are working very closely with other cancer centers around this nation. indiana, houston, texas, national cancer institute, and others.

i've had a lot of people call and recommend different places. i have referred those offers of help to the doctors to get their acquiescence of approval before treatment. for a number of years, we have planned on reducing the work at the carter center but we have not done it yet. remember when i was 85, and when i was 90, this is a time to carry out our long-delayed plans so i will cut it dramatically on my obligations at the carter center. as you know, the carter center has a full legal partnership with emery with trustees approved by emery and vice versa.

we have built up a substantial endowment to tide the carter center over. there is over $600 million and that endowment but i will continue to sign letters requesting contributions and making calls to people. i will continue with the funding and the trustee meetings, i will attend those. i would also like to schedule the regular meetings with our fellows and directors as they give detailed reports on what we are doing with these programs and other health programs. i cannot really anticipate the feeling. i will have to differ to my

doctors in charge of treatment. i understand that the radiation treatment and also the injection will be every three weeks, four times and they will stop and take a look at what the results might have been. i will try to adhere to that schedule as much as possible. the carter center is repaired to go on without any handicap, the activities we have been doing, we have decided last march, replacing the chairman of the board, the board of trustees made that decision march at the meeting in november.

of course, if he wants me to give advice i would be delighted to do it as i have done in the past. i was chairman for a while but i stepped down a number of years ago. i will try as best i can to continue my work as a professional at emery and to attend some of the meetings. i would say that the rest of my plans would be determined by my consultations with doctors on what i needed to do to get adequate treatment for the melanoma. it has existed in my liver, they think they got it all but in a shown up in four places in my brain and it is likely to show up other places in my body. that's what i like to say but i

will be glad to answer questions. >> good morning, just want to get your initial reaction when you heard the cancer word and what doctors have said about your prognosis. you have been optimistic. pres. carter: i felt that it was confined to my liver and the operation had completely removed it, so then that same afternoon we had an mri of my head and neck and it showed up in my brain. i would say that night and the next day until i came back to emery, i thought i had a few weeks left. surprisingly, i am at ease.

i have had a wonderful life and thousands of friends. i have had an exciting and adventurous existence. i was surprisingly at ease, more than my wife. but now i feel this is in the hands of god and i will be prepared for anything that comes. >> mr. president, you just said that you expect that there will be further cancers diagnosed. was it at all difficult, given the fact that you also just said that maybe it was a matter of a few weeks, was it difficult to decide to go ahead with this treatment? does your faith play any role in the fact that you did that or did you consider at any time, not doing anything? pres. carter: i never have doubted that i would carry out

the recommendations of emory doctors. when they said they wanted to go ahead and find out other places that might show cancer and treat them, i'm perfectly at ease with that. i am at ease with whatever comes. i do have deep religious faith. i am very grateful. i was pleasantly surprised that i didn't go into an attitude of despair or anger or anything like that. i was just completely at ease. i think that is a testament to my veracity i have been very grateful. i'm looking forward to a new adventure. >> you have just said that you felt at ease. can you tell us more about your discussions with your doctors and family, and how you came to

decide that you did want treatment and one at to pursue anything your doctors recommend with the -- pres. carter: there never was a difficulty for me because i don't think i've ever found it difficult to commit to what my doctors recommended. i have decided that to begin with. i understand if you have any technical questions, i would be ready to answer. the three doctors that i worked with in close harmony with me, the surgeon that did the operation on my liver and the specialist on treatment of cancer. and also dr. lawson, the specialist on melanoma itself. they have been like a team working very closely with me. i have complete confidence in them and they have been gracious enough to reach out to others

who have volunteered to consult with them and i understand they have shared the mri with some others. they are consulting with the best cancer treaters in the world. i'm very grateful that emery is in charge. >> first of all, i am so sorry and sad to hear this news. i just have a basic question. how are you feeling? pres. carter: i feel good. i haven't felt any weakness or debility. the pain has been very slight. right after the operation on my liver, i have pain in my stomach. it was a very tiny operation with tiny incisions in my stomach.

and my right shoulder, strange enough but my doctor said that was expected. just resonating pain that goes from your liver and internal organs up to your right shoulder if you have liver problems and i think if you have a heart problem he goes your left shoulder. i only took the pain medicine for a few hours and then i did not have to take it anymore. i had a slight reaction last night to the first treatment. i had a bit of pain in my shoulder and i went to bed around 6:00 and slept until 8:00 this morning. i think that's the best night sleep i had in many years. i feel at ease about it and i have been very lucky the doctors have been there to help with any aspects of pain. >> tom jones from wsbtv. have the been any correspondence that are called or touched you?

pres. carter: president bush called me, bush senior called me yesterday afternoon. i think i appreciated that very much. president obama called, the vice president called, bill clinton called, hillary clinton called, secretary of state called, talk -- first time they've called me for a long time. [laughter] pres. carter: i think that the close friends i have had around home that have done special things, bringing pies and stuff like that, i think maybe feel good but my family. the other carters that live in georgia, they have been down to see us and they will be down for my wife's birthday celebration.

i just have a multiple infusion of gratitude. >> jonathan karl with abc news. you told habitat for humanity that you would still like to go forward with your trip to nepal in november. do you still hope to make that trip? pres. carter: i would still hope to go. it would require an airplane right from kathmandu to the area south down toward the indian border. if i do that, i understand i would talk to the doctors, but it might involve postponement of my last treatment so that is what i will have to consider. up until this morning, i was completely committed to go to habitat. if i don't go, the rest of my family will probably go in my place. >> you have really redefined what it means to be a former president.

can you reflect on the work you have done since you left the white house and what you hope to still do? pres. carter: the work of the carter center has been more personally gratifying to me because when you're president, you have a responsibility for 350 million people and 300,000 members of the armed forces. there been a number of good things for which i'm grateful, that was the high point of my life. politically speaking, if i -- being the president has allowed me to have the influence and contact with people and knowledge that has been the foundation for the carver center. the carver center has a completely different approach. we deal with individual people. in the smallest and most obscure and suffering villages in the desert and the jungles of africa and we have had programs and 80

different countries for the most destitute people in the world. that has been far more gratifying, personally. we actually interact with families and people who are going blind or illnesses like elephantiasis. going into villages and learning about them and meeting those needs, i think has been one of the best things that ever happened to me. it has been personally more gratifying but the presidency was obviously the pinnacle of my political success and also it laid the groundwork for my work at the carter center. >> do you feel like you have more work to do? pres. carter: within the boundaries of my physical and mental capability, i will do it.

i'll have to give the treatment regimen top priority. >> hallie jackson, nbc news. given your family history with this disease, what message do you have two other cancer patients that are watching you go through this? pres. carter: i read a lot about cancer with the death of my father and my only brother and both of my sisters. for a long time, my family was the only one owner that had as many as four people that died of pancreatic cancer. after i left the white house and my brothers and sisters continued to die, and so, pancreatic cancer is and has some genetic causes.

but it is exacerbated by smoking cigarettes which i've never done. melanoma is a completely different thing. it may be in the future that melanoma would show up on my pancreas but they have not found that to be true. their monitoring closely. the only place they of known about the cancer has been on my liver and my brain. i would say that one of the greatest scientific developments in the last five years has been with two kinds of cancer, one is lung cancer and the other one is melanoma. so the treatment for melanoma in addition to radiation or chemotherapy has been the giving of these medicines that

exacerbate or enhance, i should say, enhance the function of your self-regulating aspect. the autoimmune system. they make your autoimmune system more active. >> the message to other patients is your message to hope or acceptance? pres. carter: hope, yes, and accept what comes. i think i have blue and -- have been as blessed as any human being on the world, becoming president of the united states of america and governor of georgia, working at the carver center, a big and growing family, thousands of friends, living to be 91 years old, everything has been a blessing for me. i am thankful and hopeful. >> with voice of america, i wanted to ask, you have taken a

pragmatic approach to the treatment and news. what has been the most difficult part? pres. carter: there is a difficult treatment aspect. liver surgery was extensive. they took 1/10 of my liver. it healed up quickly and i had minimal pain. the first treatment i had yesterday will be followed this afternoon by radiation. that will be every three weeks. i haven't had any unpleasantness yet. >> will be difficult to step away? pres. carter: what i really wanted to go to, this would've been our 33rd year of going without fail. i was very hopeful about that.

but if it interrupts the treatment regimen, and i think i need treatment. >> just wondering, you touched upon it a little bit, in your illustrious career, even as president and husband, is there anything you can share with us that you are most proud of and is there anything you might have done differently or thought you might not have done? pres. carter: the best thing i ever did was marrying my wife. that's the pinnacle. we've had 69 years together. that's the best thing that happened to me. getting involved in politics, i was a state senator the governor, then president.

we have a growing family, 22 grandchildren and great grandchildren. 12 grand children and 10 great-grandchildren. we have a good and harmonious family. i would say the haven for our lives has been in plains, georgia. i plan to teach sunday school this sunday and for as long as i am physically mentally able. we have hundreds of visitors that, to see the curiosity of a politician teaching the bible. so i will continue that. >> anything you wish, i'm sorry -- that you had not done or had been deadly? -- or had done differently? pres. carter: i wish i'd sent more helicopters to get the hostages and i would've been reelected. [laughter] pres. carter: that may have

interfered with the carter center. if i would choose between four more years for the carter center i would choose the carter center but it could've been both. >> i wondered, you talked about your big family and with this diagnosis, have you encouraged them to see the doctor. are you seeing that there is more interest in finding out what's going on? pres. carter: i don't think there's any doubt that my descendents have some genetic challenge from the pancreatic cancer and my melanoma. what the doctors recommend for blood cancer, things like that, as a precautionary measure for other family members, i have not discussed that with them and i don't know the answer. i could get two or three more questions. >> president carter, how did you

break the news to your family? pres. carter: i found out toward the end of may that i have a spot on my liver. that was a suspect. i think i put in my diary that i did not tell rosa until about the 15th of june. then, when i found out i definitely had cancer, key members of our family came to the carter center and they gave them a briefing and gave out the chief executive officer briefing what the prospects were. and then i put out a statement that says i knew about it. that i did have cancer and we found out it metastasized. we also put out -- i didn't say

what kind it was. didn't say it was melanoma, i didn't say it had spread to my brain, i just said other parts of my body. as quickly as i could, i told the public and my family the things about which i was absolutely certain. >> thank you, sanjay gupta with cnn. pres. carter: i know. [laughter] i've been taking all these other questions so i could get to you. >> i have a couple of questions, about the medical aspects. you became ill in may. they had an mri that should the

-- showed the mass on your liver. i wonder at that time period was are there a consideration not to do anything during that time centered >> no. >> and you said regarding the medications, you are following the recommendations of your doctors. were you given options or -- >> i was given option it's and had a recommendation on a particular type of medical treatment and i took their advice. and we knew, i would say, the end of june that i had to have an operation on my liver. but i had an extensive book tour scheduled for 14 or 15 cities, and i wanted to do that and the doctors told me that it was a very slow-growing cancer, i apparently and what make any difference between the middle of july and/or 3rd day of august, so we scheduled it and my surgen surgeonidentally, my scheduled a vacation trip in spain. so the combination of all those things just caused me to wait until everything was ready. i stayed busy during that time,

and i didn't tell anybody much about it, except rosa. another question? w a lb in albany. can you explain what your home means to you? jimmy carter: that is where i was born, i knew rosa when she was first born. i was 3 years old but planes has always been a haven for us. when i got out of the navy i came back here and was a farmer years, and when i got through being governor i came back to planes. then when i was president we came back. no matter where we are we always come back. had a farm since the 1800's

and 1902 a newer farm so my roots are there, and my closest friends are there. michael little church is there, which is very important to me. -- pointen a focal pot of our life. and about 80,000 visitors come there and come to find out how this little tiny town of a future president -- they learn about my schooling, things of that type. so planes means a lot to me. else.not add anyone >> with mundo hispanic newspaper. i wonder if you have discussed with your family or closest circle, how did you see this organization in the future? the carter center.

jimmy carter: how do i feel what? how do you see the carter center in the future? jimmy carter: well, i think it will be equal to what it's been in the past. it's been expanding every year as far as the number of people we treat for horrible diseases and things like that. this year we will treat 71 million people on earth for diseases so that they won't have afflictions they have had throughout their lifetimes. 100 to added -- finished bring democracy to people. we are still trying to bring peace. so we concentrate on peace and human rights and democracy and freedom and the alleviation of suffering. and i would say in every one of those areas, the carter center's overall function and plans for the future are still expanding. i am completely confident that those plans can be realized without my everyday constant

involvement in different projects. trusteetill be going to meetings as long as i am able. >> and how do you receive messages from latin america where the carter center had participation? jimmy carter: well, i had a lot of messages the last few days from latin america. i will be meeting next week. in the next month with a group from panama. and i've already approved that program on my schedule. so we maintain a wide range of programs and in latin america primarily to try to do away with country,ts within the the relationship between the news media, and executive branch of government when they try to stamp out freedom of the press. and also teach full relationships.

and we have an on going program in six countries in latin america that we have almost attached to do away with river blindness. we have a small cluster of 25,000 total population on the border between venezuela and brazil. so we will work on that so we will continue our work in latin america. >> good morning, mr. president. scott campbell or, newsradio 106.7 in atlanta, as jason is preparing to take over as chairman of the board at the carter center, you have very much been the face of peace negotiations since the time that you left office. as he is continuing the efforts in the health and humanitarian efforts of the carter center, will he also be active, and will you be advising him in future

conflicts? well the chairman of the board of trustees, and the body, they make the final decisions. they make the ultimate choices of what we do, how much we spend, how many people we send, that sort of thing. so the chairman of the board is deeply involved in making those ultimate decisions and sending it to the board of trustees. so i presume he's handled it in the last three years superbly so i'm sure the new chairman will use the best spirit he can derive for all of the programs at the carter center. he may not be involved as -- in as many peace negotiations as i, but he will be going for the first part of november. he will monitor the election.

>> maria, longtime journalist and supporter report in the atlanta business chronicle. jimmy carter: i know. >> you have had such a scope of work in your life. in the time that you have left, what would give you the most satisfaction of things happening like peace in the middle east or eradication of polio, what are the things he would hold on to the most that would give you the greatest satisfaction for the look at thef you state of the world and how you have been working an efforts. jimmy carter in all honesty i : would say peace for israel and its neighbors. that's been the top priority of my foreign policy projects for the last 30 years. right now the prospects are more dismal than any time i remember in the last 50 years.

the government official has no desire for a two-state solution which is the policy of practically all the nations in the world, the united states has practically no influence compared to past years in either israel or palestine. that would be my number one foreign policy, hope. as far as the carter center is concerned, i would like to see all disease completely eradicated before i die. i think right now we have 11 cases, we started out with 3.6 million cases, i think we have two cases in south sudan and one in bali,thiopia, one and one in chad. we know we are all -- i would say that would be my top priority.

>> last question. >> good morning president carter, 56 news here in atlanta. you fought many political battles throughout your career. how tough do you expect this fight against cancer will be? jimmy carter: well, it won't be tough on my part. i will just acquiesce and i'm a cooperating patient and within the bounds of my own judgment, i will do what the doctors recommend for me to extend my life as much as possible. ado not look at it as hardship on me. they have means, i trust them completely to alleviate the effects or after effects of treatments. they have a lot of treatments ongoing with different patients thousands in the world. i do not anticipate any troubling pain or suffering or deprivation on my part. >> thank you. jimmy carter: thank you all very

much for coming, i appreciate it. do you want to add anything? any particular questions? or correct my mistakes. sorry? ok. i'm leaving. thank you all very much. [laughter] [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

announcer: a look back at the presidency of george w. bush tomorrow. this isn't is from hofstra university it starts at 1:00 p.m. eastern on c-span three. announcer: this weekend on the c-span networks, politics, books, and american history on c-span saturday, live coverage of presidential candidates at the iowa state fair continues. we will hear from chris christie at noon, bobby jindal at 1:00 p.m., and sunday evening at 6:30, scott walker hold a town hall meeting in ashland, and after -- new hampshire. the tv is live at a mississippi onk festival at 11:30 a.m. saturday. there are discussions on civil rights, history, and biography and the literary lives of harper lee. sunday morning at 10:00, katie

kiefer gives her critical thoughts on obama's relationship with millennial's. 's andrewuniversity gives his presentation of new york city landmark preservation. sunday at 4:00 p.m. on real american, three fields -- films on a program administered by the johnson administration to improve poor relations with the police and the community of washington dc after the 1968 martin luther king assassination and riots. give the complete schedule at c-span.org. announcer: follow the c-span cities tour as we travel outside the washington beltway to other communities in america. >> the idea behind the cities tour is to take the grooming from book tv and hdtv beyond the beltway to produce pieces more visual, that provide again a

window into these cities that viewers would not normally go to , but also have rich histories and literary scenes. >> a lot of people have heard -- the histories of big cities, but what about smaller cities? over 75ve been to cities, we will hit 95 cities in april 2016. >> most of our programming on c-span is event coverage, these are not event coverage type uses, they are shorter. they take you someplace. announcer: partner with cable affiliates to explore history and literary culture of various cities. >> the key entry into the city is the cable operator who contacts the city. in essence it is the cable industry bringing us there. >> they're working -- looking for great characters. you want your viewers to identify with these people that we are talking about.

>> it is program where we take people on the road to places where they can touch and see things. -- not justrn about local history, but also national stories. >> if someone is watching this, it should be enticing enough that they can get the idea of the story, but also feel as if this is in their backyard, let's go see it. >> we went viewers to get a sense that, oh yeah, i know that place just from watching one of the pieces. >> the c-span mission as with all coverage, it will bleed into what we do on the road. >> you have to communicate the message about this network in order to do this job. it has been the one thing that we wanted it to do which is built relationships with the ,ities and our cable partners and gather great programming for american history tv and book tv. announcer: watch the cities tour

on the c-span networks. to see where we are going next to our schedule at c-span.org/city store. c --itiesstore next, rickup santorum to question that is national press club event.

>> good morning, my name is john hughes the president of the national press club and an editor at bloomberg first word and that is bloomberg news'breaking news desk in washington. our guest is former senator rick santorum, the republican presidential candidate who will discuss immigration. john: first, i want to introduce a couple of colleagues. jerry's a risky is the washington bureau chief for the buffalo news a former national press club president and he is the current chairman of the club's speakers committee. to my left, jonathan is the washington correspondent for nj advanced media, that serves nj.com and "the star-ledger" and he's the speaker committee member who organized the event and a former national press club , president. i want to welcome our c-span and

public radio audiences and those of you in the room. you can follow the action on #npclive.se the # our speaker today was the runner-up to mitt romney for the 2012 republican presidential nomination. he won the iowa caucasus and several other states. now in his second try for the presidency, senator santorum so far is lagging in the opinion polls, he was relegated to the happy hour or so-called kids table debate on fox news earlier this month. he was not happy about it, he said "the idea that a national poll has a relationship to the viability of a candidate, ask rudy giuliani that, asking phil

gramm that. " he was asked during the debate, has your moment past? --passed. he said the message that worked for years ago will propel him again and pointed to his track record. that track record shows he was elected to the u.s. house twice from a democratic-leaning district and 12 terms in the terms in the senate representing pennsylvania, which leans democratic in presidential years. in congress, he wrote the law outlawing the procedures some call partial-birth abortion and altered bills on sanctioning iran. he was a member of the house republican gang of seven that exposed the house banking scandal. he became the senate's third is ang republican, and he vocal opponent of same-sex marriage. today, senator santorum is here to talk about immigration. this has emerged as a major

issue in the 2016 campaign. donald trump, the current front runner has called for deporting all 11 million unauthorized immigrants. trump also says he wants to revoke the 14th amendment guarantee of citizenship for anyone born in the united states. the washington post said that immigration proposals that "languished at the edge of republican politics" now are in the party's mainstream thanks to trump. senator santorum says his immigration proposal will take into account the millions of americans who cannot find jobs. he is here to tell us more. please join me in giving a welcome to the national press club senator rick santorum. [applause] mr. santorum: thank you jerry and jonathan, i appreciate this opportunity. thank you for being here.

know themany of you , son of an italian immigrant, my father's journey to america rescued him from a childhood as a brown shirt in mussolini's and from being a cause --cog in the war machine. it was not as easy as boarding a ship and coming to america. my time speaking grandfather came to america to flee the new fascist regime in 1923 in spite of the emergency quota act of 1921 that limited italian immigrants to a few thousand italians a year. it turns out that my grandfather's hometown in italy was part of austria before world war i and my grandfather was considered an austrian by the american government. he was able to come, but was not able to bring his italian children with him. in 1930 he became a citizen

after working most of that time in the coal mines of southwestern pennsylvania. he was then able to unite his family in america. when my father told me about his family story and journey to america, i asked him a natural question -- did you resent america from keeping you away from your father and leaving you in the fascist country for the first seven years of your life? he said no, america was worth the wait. he was right. america was worth the wait. because we have been a country that puts the law above the people making and executing the laws. the greatest protection each of us has is that no one is above the law in america. that includes presidents, justices, and yes, immigrants. the law that kept my father and grandfather apart was passed because our nation needed to

balance labor markets and national security interests and a number of other reasons that were prevalent in the day for limiting new immigrants. but the immigration act of 1921 and 1924 targeted italians and jews in part because of concerns of assimilation and in part of pure rankr -- prejudice. oddly enough, the clause in place today were less significantly altered in 1990, a bill authored by ted kennedy, nothing like the laws of the 1920's which limited immigration not just in nationality, but in numbers to a mere 170,000 people -- 178,000 people per year for what turned out to be 40 years. the kennedy bill was designed to remove the need for illegal immigration by increasing the number of legal immigrants to one million per year. it has not worked, thanks to the incentives by president and

bills like the gang of eight immigration proposal, last year the number of illegal immigrants rose to 700,000, bringing the total number of immigrants, both legal and illegal to a record 42 million. comprising 13.3% of the u.s. population, the high percentage -- highest percentage in 105 years. is this flood of immigrants in the national interest? that question is the question we should be asking. it is a question we should be asking about all of our laws. is the law in the national interest? immigration law should serve the interest of the american people. since immigration involves labor markets, one key requirement of any plan is it improves opportunities for better jobs and better wages by stimulating growth. let's look at the numbers. without a doubt, immigration has held down the cost of labor,

increasing profits for businesses. but has it caused growth that has led to higher wages, particularly for workers who these immigrants compete against for jobs. real hourly wages have increased by about one dollar in the last 25 years in real terms. it has slightly declined during this administration. from 2000 to 2014, there were 5.7 million net new jobs created for workers aged 16 to 65. all of the new jobs went to immigrants, in spite of the fact that there were 17 million more nativeborn americans in the workforce. democrats like hillary clinton say that they are for the american worker yet demand amnesty, and huge increases in the number of immigrants for one overriding reason -- votes.

which leads to political power. they have no interest in fixing our broken immigration system. the president had a filibuster-proof majority in his first two years and did not bother to introduce an immigration bill even though he had plenty of time to push obamacare. to the president and mrs. clinton, immigration is about dividing america by injecting ethnic and racial politics into this debate. not doing right by struggling workers. immigration is another example of how mrs. clinton has abandoned the millions of americans who want the opportunity to work and to provide for themselves and their families by using divisive identity politics to gain more power. what i will be proposing today is in direct contrast to mrs. clinton's vision.

my proposal says to american workers of all races, genders, ethnicities that you are welcome , to an america that will provide you an opportunity to rise if you work hard and obey the law. my proposal is based on hope and opportunity, not fear and bigotry. the establishment i might add, the big business community is not much better. macy immigrant workers as a way of diluting the worker pool and lowering labor costs, to them workers are commodities and increasing labor supply means more bottom line profitability. ladies and gentlemen, workers are not commodities, they are we'll people and real families who have real mortgages to pay and mouths to feed and they deserve leaders who put them first. that is why i'm here today. i am running for president not for power or profit, i am running for president to fight for the real people who have real families and who are

, struggling to make ends meet. over the past 20 years, nearly 35 million legal and illegal immigrants have come to our shores. this is the largest mass immigration america has seen in our history, surpassing the great wave at the turn of the 20 century. these immigrants are largely unskilled and low skilled labor and they are competing for the same job that 74% of americans who do not have a college degree are looking for. because of labor supply and demand you see that concept in action, corporate profits are up because labor costs are down and executives and shareholders are doing very well. but the american worker has seen stagnant wages for over a decade. the american worker is struggling, and as a result the american family is struggling.

i know some of my party rolls eyes whenever i make this point, when i see them at fundraisers and party events. contrary to what the elites along the coast think, the economy does not start on wall areat and end en route 128 the economy starts with a family and includes streets and avenues and drives across this country, including main street. the american family is the first economy just like business, each family needs revenues, pays expenses, and at the end of the month the books must balance. struggle in this competitive labor market we must make sure our policies do not throw up for the roadblocks and dead ends to their ability to succeed. we must rebuild the first economy, and one step is to ensure we have a responsible immigration policy that puts the american worker and american families first. up until a few days ago i was the only candidate in this race who put forth a legal and

illegal immigration proposal that puts american workers first. i wanted to use this opportunity today to flesh out those proposals and cast a vision for a stronger and healthier and more prosperous america. the plan will fix our broken immigration system that has served as a catalyst for economic stagnation and soaring government spending and lawlessness that threatens our national security. i am not new to this debate, a decade ago i authored a border security legislation that stood in contrast to the legislation president bush and senator kennedy were advocating. unlike some who are running for president today, i was never a member of a senate gang, because i understood amnesty was not a solution but -- i will mess this one up -- will perpetuate the problem. there you go. amnesty will perpetuate the

--solve the solved problem. where there was a path to citizenship in the gang of eight bill or the right to a permanent work permit supported by ted cruz and others, in any event it is amnesty. the workers who serve as groundskeepers and waiters, are genders and maids they are , hard-working americans who are hurt most by record levels of legal and illegal immigration. they are the blue-collar americans who are in direct competition with cheap and sometimes illegal labor. amnesty will make competition more fierce, not less. encourage more illegal immigration, not less. and further depressed wages. as important as the debate is over illegal immigration, we cannot speak about securing our borders and turn a blind eye to an entire system that hurts american workers. until this summer, the only candidate who had a message focused on having american workers first and commonsense

limits on legal immigration was me. this summer i was joined by governor walker who was first to change his position with a few specifics calling for limiting legal immigration. no donald trump has joined a -- now donald trump has joined a majority of americans at me with ideas had to put american workers first, i welcome them both and encourage all candidates and all americans to listen to this vision of how we can make america stronger. let's face it, the problems with illegal immigration can mostly be solved immediately. it does does not require changing the law, it requires enforcing the current laws. the president has the authority and access to funds to secure our borders. let me be clear, i will do what five presidents have promised the american public to do, i will secure the border with mexico. i will build hundreds of miles of new walls, you -- use state-of-the-art

technology, deploy what manpower is necessary to secure the border with mexico. i will end the catch and release program of this administration and have personnel deployed to maximize apprehensions at the border. it is time to stop the bait and switch of political discussions that happen during a campaign and then forget about the promises when you become president. i will not demand the governor -- government of mexico build a wall, i want u.s. workers to do that. i will make it clear to the mexican government that they must stop facilitating the lawlessness on the border and cooperate with our efforts. i will do all i can to change mexico's behavior for the benefit of both countries, but if they fail to cooperate, i am prepared to do several steps, beginning with authorizing the border crossing cards to be suspended until mexico cooperates.

visa overstays is one of the largest, if not the largest factor contributing to immigration population. the fact, i will do what no previous administration has done, i will enforce the law. i will implement a tracking system for every immigrant who enters so we can track who they are, and whether they overstayed their visa. anyone apprehended will be subject to fines and subsequently removed. i will end the practice of sanctuary cities by withholding federal funds from any city that refuses to cooperate with federal law. i support kate's law and with it, the policy that results in 30,000 criminal illegal immigrants being released from prison last year. because their native country will not accept them. i will exercise my authority

already a law to deny visas to any foreign country that will not take responsibility for their citizens until they take their people back. the federal government has to --end policies that have encouraged millions to break the law. in that regard, i will put an end to the presidents unconstitutional executive amnesty which is largely responsible for this latest border surge. i will require businesses to use e-verify and immediately encourage all businesses to use e-verify and hold them responsible if they do not play by the rules. i will propose we join every other developed country in the world, save and put in into the one, automatic citizenship for children born here to illegal immigrants. this enforcement of existing laws will dramatically reduce the number of illegal immigrants

competing against legal workers in this country. however reducing the number of illegal immigrants will not be sufficient to help struggling americans. i am proposing two changes to the legal immigration system that will reduce the supply of lower skilled adults holding wages down in america. like jeb bush, i am proposing eliminating both the visa lottery and chain immigration, unlike jeb bush i will not increase other categories of immigration to levels beyond the current level. these changes will result in a 25% reduction in illegal immigration. this is a stark contrast to every republican presidential candidate except, until recently, donald trump. he says he also wants to return to historical averages. some like ted cruz have proposed doubling the number of legal immigration and he is not alone in the republican field. i believe immigration can be a

good thing, but there can be too much of a good thing. when our labor markets cannot manage the influx we are receiving, it is time to recalibrate. this is not anti-immigrant, this is pro-worker, especially for those who are most affected by the waves of new workers. and those folks are recent immigrants, minorities, and younger workers. even skilled workers have been hurt by our current system. this year disney laid-off americans and replaced them with cheap foreign labor. in southern california edison had the nerve to have its american workers train the foreign replacements under the h-1b program. both disney and southern california edison used this program to replace existing american workers, tech workers who were not supposed to be replaced by this program, but are. from all reports there is an

oversupply of american workers who can fill entry-level tech jobs coming out of our schools. they should begin the opportunity to get to work in their chosen field and grow in experience and rise. i propose overhauling the hib visa program so the higher -- highest skilled workers who can stimulate the economy and create more jobs will be eligible to come here. this is in stark contrast with other republicans, particularly ted cruz who seeks to increase hib's fivefold. that is the current program. in the same vein, there is a sector of our economy that needs workers that are not -- that not a sufficient amount of americans to do the job, some 400 categories in the department of commerce of job classifications, of those 400 job classifications, only a

handful are there a majority of folks not born in america doing those jobs. i think you can safely say, as some like to say about a lot more jobs, these are jobs americans are not doing, and will not do. but there are only a handful and not surprisingly they are all in agriculture. as a result, i will provide for an opportunity for illegal workers in these job classifications to stay here in america under a program that will allow their employer to pay a fee so they can stay even know , they are illegal, under a guest temporary program. it will be an annual fee, and renewable as long as they want to stay in this country. as my father said, america is worth the wait, and it is worth doing it right. this means we need an immigration policy that rewards those who do it right.

an immigration policy that fits our economic needs, and an immigration policy that puts american workers first. i was asked in the first presidential debate how i would explain the enforcement of our immigration laws to the child of an illegal immigrant. i said our compassion in -- as a government is found in our laws because we treat everyone equally under the law. this must be true of our immigration laws. having an immigration system that turns its back on american citizens and legal immigrants so more illegal immigration can -- immigrants can come to our shores when there are not enough good paying jobs to meet their needs is not compassion. compassion is an immigration system that says we want you in america, but says we have an opportunity and a job here for you so you can rise and the -- and each and every one of you, both those here and coming can live the american dream,

something all of us strive for. that will be my policy as president of the united states. thank you, very much. >> thank you senator. you can stay right there at the podium. i will stand next to you. questions. how does your proposal for a border wall differ from donald trump? mr. santorum: as i said, i am for americans building the wall, not mexico. i will not make mexico painfully -- pay for the wall, i want them to cooperate in stopping the influx of immigrants and the instability of the border. let's be very clear, immigration into america is big business for are $22o the estimates billion a year flows from people in this country into mexico. to provide a lot of economic support for people in that country.

there is certainly every indication that mexico is doing next to nothing, in fact, some argue they are working to facilitate people coming into this country and doing so illegally. that has to change. a fence or wall is part of it. other measures are a part of it. as long as they are not cooperating with us to secure the border it will make our job , harder. that is why i suggested i would suspend the border crossing card , the renewal of those as an initial step. i would look at other things if we do not see any cooperation from the mexican government to make the border secure. >> outside of your differences, what are your thoughts of trump's immigration plan and how you differ from it, and perhaps also the things you agree with that are part of it? mr. santorum: there are

differences, mostly because of the lack of specifics on the part of mr. trump on some of his proposals on the legal side, for example, i have been clear about what i would do to change the legal immigration system and programs that most people feel have not been beneficial to our country. the idea of chain immigration and the visa lottery program, there is widespread thought on republican sides that those programs are not good programs and are allowing people, particularly chain immigration, allowing people to come into this country by virtue of the fact that they have a relative in this country and we are allowing adults to come in who are parents or siblings of that person. the policy prior to that was that if you were an adult you had to earn citizenship on your

own or entry on your own merits, not because you had someone here who was related to you. that should be the case again going forward. i have no specifics. he has talked about a return to historic levels but he has not , talked about he will accomplish that. there are, as far as on the illegal side, there are similarities between what mr. trump and i have put forward, i am glad to see that. everything from the wall and visa overstays. birthright citizenship, all these things are similar. >> how will you handle the millions of illegal immigrants already in the country? mr. santorum: as i said, the enforcement of e-verify.

if you stop immigration from the border, if you require people to -- people who are here on overstays to leave. you contact them and move with the process of removal, you know who they are and they made a promise when they came here that they would leave in a certain time and we would go through the , process of contacting them and moving forward with their removal. the same thing would happen with other people who are in this country. we would move forward with removals as we find people who in most cases -- we would find them through people who have broken the law and have been known to law enforcement and therefore communicate with our ice agents to begin the process of removal. it would be a rather easy systematic way of going through that process.

simply enforcing the law. >> this questioner notes you're a politician who has made family the centerpiece not only of your politics, but as well as your life. how would you handle children who are citizens by birthright, but whose parents are here illegally. another question about birthright, i believe it was governor perry yesterday, i believe he said yesterday, that it could take a decade to change the 14th amendment, it is not practical and we should focus on the border and the wall. what is your response to birthright changes being practical? mr. santorum: i give a lot of talks on immigration throughout the country, and i would agree that the birthright issue is an issue. it is a legal issue that should be solved and we should have a

determination as to what the 14th amendment actually says. good legal arguments on both sides as to whether someone born here, irrespective of circumstances of their parents should be considered a citizen of the country. i do not think from my perspective, looking at all i want to accomplish with immigration, that is not my highest priority, there are other things much more pressing. that is simply another one i listed, i think i listed it last, and all the things that encourage people to come in illegaly that is one and we need to eliminate those incentives that encourage people to break the law and enter this country. there are many other things we need to do ahead of that. i agree with rick perry in that it is not our highest priority and would not be my highest priority.

i want to be consistent in what i think the law should be, i want you to lay that out as a marker as to what the law should be in this country. >> in terms of the children born to illegal immigrants, and keeping families together, how would you handle that -- would the parents be deported and the children stay, or would you get -- give exemption to keep the families together? mr. santorum: i keep coming back to this premise what seems to be lost, the people who brought the children here did so breaking the law and with a full understanding that they very well -- they had children here, they knew fully what they were doing. it is like someone who robs a bank because they want to feed their family, do i feel bad that they do not have enough money and they felt the need to rob a bank and provide for their

family? of course i feel bad. we all feel that, we hope people are not in that situation where they have to break the law so they can make a better life for their family. that does not change the fact that they broke the law and there are consequences to breaking the law, any more than you would say, well, we cannot send mothers and fathers to prison because it was separate them from their children. no mom's and dad's would be in jail if we used the same argument being made here that we cannot separate the children. we are not separating them arbitrarily, we are separating them because they did something and put themselves in a position to jeopardize that relationship with their children. that is not the responsibility of the government to say, we made the mistake, no, they made the mistake in doing what they did. they put their children in that situation. they should have to deal with the consequences just like any other american who breaks the law and as a result gets separated from their children. unfortunately, it happens every single day in america, it is

tragic. i do not like it, i wish they were not separated. we are a nation of laws, and to turn this to suggest if you are for separating that this is different than any other type of situation where we have people separated from their families because of the illegal actions of the parents is inaccurate. it is a consistent -- if we separate people who break laws then we should be consistent with respect to illegal immigrants who have done the same. >> donald trump takes credit for bringing immigration front and center, and you said in your remarks that you were ahead of the immigration issue, but either way it is seemingly the front and center issue in the republican presidential campaign. is that a good thing, does it belong here or is a crowding out too many other issues that need

to get focused on? mr. santorum: i announced my campaign from a factory floor in western pennsylvania because i think the most important issue facing the economy and most americans is the opportunity to live the american dream. particularly for the 74% of americans who do not have a college degree, the millions of americans who have seen their wages flat line. they see they are losing ground with inflation. a lot of folks who do not feel america is working for them. when i announced for president, i listed things i thought could turn that around, one is to grow the economy and create jobs, particularly in manufacturing. which create good paying jobs and the ability for people to provide for themselves and their families. we have gone from 20 million people in manufacturing in 1980 down to 11 million and it is dropping like a rock because of the policies of this administration. i have focused my entire campaign, what can we do to help those struggling the most in america today?

i talk about tax policy that will help, regulatory policy, trade policy, and i have to talk about labor markets. what is the state of labor markets today? the reality is we have a lot of american workers who are not seeing their wages go up because of an increase in the supply of 35 million people. some people say it was a good thing and make that argument. here is the point, this is a legitimate debate. you say, was it a good thing or bad thing we are having a debate -- it is a legitimate debate. it has not been because many on the other side who have suggested anyone who wants to raise this issue, you raise it because your anti-hispanic or anti-immigrant, i am the son of an immigrant. i am not anti-immigrant. i want to make sure america is strong for the immigrants who do come.

that there are opportunities for people who want to rise and live that dream. that is the promise of this country, and to suggest that reducing levels of immigration or enforcing the law with respect to the 10 million people here illegally is somehow anti-immigrant suggest that the alternative is that we should allow everybody in and there should be no limits on immigration because unless you are for that then you are , anti-immigrant. i do not see too many, there may be some out there who are for open borders and anybody to come in at anytime, i do not see too many people in public life. if you are not for that, then you cannot call anybody who wants to have a discussion as to what the limits are anti-immigrant. that is an appropriate public policy discussion that should be based on facts. up until this point, i do not think it has been. it has been driven by an attempt

by one party to try to make this xena phobic football. i am hopeful that as more information comes out about the impact of immigration on the american workforce, the impact of illegal immigration on our security and economy, we can start to have a rational discussion about what the policies of this country should be to help people who are looking for the american dream. >> so beyond immigration, what are the reasons for the growing gap between the rich and poor and how would you address that? mr. santorum: i mentioned how important it is we have a manufacturing policy that makes us number one in manufacturing. that is the key economically for us to have a strong middle of america. i wrote a book one year ago, i'm sure all of you read it, it is called blue-collar conservative, i lay out in great detail how we will accomplish that.

i talk about manufacturing and cutting taxes and making us competitive, we have the highest corporate taxes in the world. i will be proposing an economic plan in the next -- in september which we have labeled the 2020 perfect vision for america, 20% tax, flat tax on corporate income and a 20% flat tax on individual income. it will be pro-growth and allows for getting rid of the special interest provisions in the tax code. on the corporate side and individual side. it is a simple, strong, growth plan that will get this economy going, particular provisions that will provide extra incentives to manufacturing, including repatriation of profits, a provision to lower the taxes on profits made by companies that are u.s.-based but those profits were made overseas to bring those profits back to america

and not get hit with up to of --a 40% tax. as i mentioned, we have trade programs that we need to make sure we enforce the trade laws and at the same time open up markets. i know some people have suggested that my policy of being against the trade promotion authority, which i was, means i'm not for future trade laws, i am, i voted for almost every trade bill in the u.s. senate when i was there, same thing in the house. i voted against nafta. other than that i do support opening up opportunities, particularly in the pacific rim but we have to do so in a way we , make sure we are not undermining american workers at the same time. frankly, i have no faith that the president will do that, he has given me no indication he cares at all about american workers with his policies in manufacturing and energy and other things that are lowering wages in america today as we have seen, wages have declined. and they continue to decline

under this president. finally, the american family, i mentioned in my speech, i always mention in my speeches, because every book you read and sociology textbook, every study that has been done of america and the reason for the hollowing out of the middle of this country points to a culprit that is first and foremost among them. that is the breakdown of the nuclear family in america. from robert putnam's recent book to the other side charles , murray's book. both of them and many others have suggested the reason we have trouble in our education system and having trouble not rising and getting good paying jobs is because of increased incarceration rates, it is because of the breakdown of the nuclear family which continues to be a problem. i do not seeing anything being done by either party to address it. in fact, no one talks about it.

i find myself often times in these meetings that i refer to in party meetings as the only one mentioning the huge elephant in the room. it is even an elephant in the room in the democratic party. those on the left who are now suggesting this is a problem we can no longer ignore, yet neither political party wants to talk about it because it is politically incorrect. i think we have reached the point where political correctness has gotten us in a position we will not even fight for the lives of our children in -- and their future. then we need to have politically incorrect people run for president and put the children on the front and center of the public policy debate and i am doing that. >> i mentioned in the introduction, that you are down in the polls and said what you say you think of polls. what is your own personal benchmark in your head that will tell you, i am going to get out?

if it is not the polls, what is the thing that would make you leave the race? mr. santorum: sort of like the supreme court when it comes to pornography, you know it when you see it. it is sort of the same, four years ago, it was apparent to me when we got out it was the time to drop out. some suggested it was too late, others suggested it was too early. i am the goldilocks. just right. i will know if that eventuality ever comes, i do not anticipate dealing with that problem. right now i feel very comfortable going out there and articulating a strong, positive vision for america. having answers and unlike everybody else, and this is the case with immigration people say , you will not get this done, i

would make the argument that if you look at my track record on issues that no one thought could be passed, we have a good record of passing them. welfare reform, no one thought we could get it passed and bill clinton vetoed it twice. we got a dozen democrats to join us in the senate and passed a welfare reform bill that ended a federal entitlement, something

that was predicted could never happen in washington, d.c. never be allowed unless you have a super majority of republicans you would never be able to get bit of a federal entitlement for the poor, and we did. i led that charge. i wrote the original bill in the house and managed the bill in the senate. if you look at reforming the health care system, we have a lot of folks trying to run around telling you how they will reform the health care system. unfortunately, republicans are bereft of ideas, no ideas of how to move forward and improve the private economy when it comes to -- and the power of patience when it comes to the health care system until rick santorum came along and introduced the concept of health savings account over 20 years ago and fought for them and pass them in spite of opposition by immigrants and by this president. the reality is we have a long track record, abortion bills, how many abortion bills passed the senate and house? i can think of three in the last 50 years and i authored and led the fight on all three and got democratic support for all three. i share with you that we have a record of being a principled conservative and going out there and pushing the envelope on public policy to restore the opportunities i think america has for everybody and can have for everybody by restoring our conservative principles back here in washington, d.c.

but nobody in this field has a record of doing any of those things. you have a lot of people who will come out there in a very sharp elbows and tell you how everything is wrong and tell you why everything is broken. they have no record to show they have been able to do any of those things and most of the record of the people who are running who are united states senators is abject failure. i would suggest that we need to look at folks who accomplish things before we decide whether they should be promoted or not. i think we have a good track record of accomplishment. >> you mentioned abortion the other day. i believe you said not only should planned parenthood be defunded but prosecuted, in reference to the recent videos that have come out. you have concern that cutbacks to planned parenthood would affect the birth control part of its offerings and inadvertently lead to an increase in abortions?

mr. santorum: i do not think there are any numbers out there that suggest that access to contraception reduces the number of abortions, pretty good and compelling studies that show there is no correlation and has not been for some time. having said that, i am not concerned about the link between contraception and abortion. contraception is part of a federal program and planned parenthood doesn't that those moneys, there are many organizations that can fill the need that planned parenthood is providing to provide these types of services. i am not worried about the access to contraception that would be coming through other organizations other than planned parenthood. i am worried about an organization that was founded by a eugenicists whose purpose was to eliminate undesirable races and people.

it is stunning to me, the eugenicists that has such a horrific record of man's inhumanity to man is someone that the current day politicians are happy to receive awards in her name. including a black politician, because she was a racist. she wanted to eliminate the black race. this is who planned parenthood is, this is what they had been about, started by eugenicists whose objective was to dehumanize certain individuals so they could be recalled from society. agoad a book a few years talking about the genocide that is going on. it was a short book, a simple answer, could have been answered into words, "you lie." you lie to the people, and that

is what this is about, a lie of what a child in the womb really is, just a blob of tissue, prehuman, not something we need to be concerned about. it is like, the argument from margaret sanger about other racist and disabled at who were in her mindset human and we did not need to be concerned about. that is what planned parenthood is doing, treating these children in the womb as if they are not real human beings, except the problem with these videos is that they are harvesting human body parts. it is hard to make the argument these are not human beings when they are harvesting human organs. the most recent video may be the most abhorrent, the most -- a video with someone who described a procedure where the child was born alive, they made a point of showing the little boy's heart beating. so the baby survived an abortion and was still alive but it didn't deter her from taking out the little boy's brain while it was alive.

of course, that does not horrify anybody who are supporters of planned parenthood, it does not bother people. why, because this is the ugly business of what abortion is. these are children who are not wanted and are subhuman and we can treat them. we can treat little children alive and remove their brains. and we can talk about it, isn't this cool? i can tap their chests and you can see their heart beating and it doesn't seem to affect the moral compass of the leaders in washington, d.c. that this is beyond the pale, that this does not speak well for who we are as a human race in america. but no, it does not seem to bother anybody because we have succeeded in dehumanizing, that is what this is all about. yet, we are dehumanizing children who are being harvested for human body parts. i guess i would say that

hopefully the people who are looking at these videos will come to agree that this organization that fosters this type of behavior should not only not be receiving federal funds but the people doing this who are breaking the law. i was the author of the born alive protection act, which i wrote for this particular situation. and was passed with near unanimous support in the house and senate. it is said that if a child is born alive as a result of abortion you could not kill it, much less harvest its brain. while it is living. and planned parenthood, they are doing that. that should be prosecuted, should not just be defunded, it should be prosecuted and this organization that creates an environment for these things to happen should be put out of business.

not be held up as some paragon of virtue of the left. >> senator, you have compared the supreme court decision making gay marriage a constitutional right to the dred scott decision justifying slavery. what as president could you do to fight back against something that you oppose on moral grounds but that is now a constitutional right? mr. santorum: i would say that i did not compare the recent decision of the court with dred scott, justice roberts compare the two, i was simply quoting justice roberts opinion where he compared the basis for dred scott is the same that -- for this decision and they had no constitutional basis for this decision.

having read justice kennedy's decision, it is not a legal work. not a work of legal scholarship. it is simply a rambling of someone who wanted to get a decision and came up with all sorts of interesting ideas, not based on the constitution. the court has the authority -- let's take the case of birthright citizenship. there is a legal dispute to what the language of the 14th amendment means. to me, it is something that people on both sides of this issue have very legitimate arguments, i could not say that if someone said to me, the constitution does not permit birthrights, i cannot say for certain they are wrong and i do not think for certain they can say we are wrong. that is a situation where the court must of in. -- the court must step in.

and has a role of stepping in. in making these decisions. what they do not have a right to do is to create new constitutional rights, that is not within their purview, there is nothing historically that congress and the president have said that they give the court broad latitudes to do whatever they want when it comes to the constitution. when the court oversteps its bounds as it has in cases, then it is the responsibility of the president, the people, the congress, to say that the court has to be held accountable and the law has to be changed. that takes all of those things, it takes the president, the people, the congress. if there is not support to do that, the court wins. even though they may have done something unconstitutional, the court wins. the other branches of government are incapable of successfully challenging it. here is my point when it comes

to who should be -- if there is one branch of government that should have more leeway in changing the constitution, i would make the argument it is the president and congress. the reason is the president and the congress can be thrown out if the public finds their decisions to be objectionable. the problem with the court is we could be stuck with a court for 30 years and they are an -- and they are isolated from the american public and as a result their actions can be much more insidious than the actions of a president or congress. the president or congress how many they stand up to a court and says they are wrong, and pushes back, as i did in the case of the partial-birth abortion status where the court found a similar statute unconstitutional, i was undeterred and we passed an almost identical statute and sent it back -- and passed it and said we would enforce it,

and the court backed down because they knew they were off base. that has to happen more when the court goes astray. >> before i ask the last question, i have some housekeeping. the national press club's is the was leading professional organization for journalists, we fight for a free press worldwide. more information about the club go to our website, press.org. and we also have a journalism institute. to learn more about and to donate go to press.org/institute. i would like to remind you about some upcoming programs. september 2, nikki haley will address a luncheon on the new south. on september 5, the press club will hold its annual 5k to raise money for journalism scholarships, training, and press freedom.

on september 14, nasa astronauts mark kelly and terry burton will -- mark kelly and terry verts will discuss their work aboard the international space station. i would like to present senator santorum with a traditional national press club mug. that would be suitable on a shelf a couple blocks away at the white house. in pennsylvania, wherever. it is very portable, could even go to iowa where you are headed next. final question, you mentioned your family and how much you like to talk about your family, in fact you brought family with you. mr. santorum: i would use my son and daughter, daniel, number three. daniel is a junior at the military college of south carolina, the. civitadel.

he is taking off a semester to work on the campaign, when he graduates he will be heading to the air force. my number four child, my daughter maria is a senior in high school and looking to what great players she has in the future, an exciting year for all of us. >> you wrote a book about your youngest daughter. mr. sanctorum: my wife and i did. >> our final question is how is bella doing? mr. santorum: one of the great things i took from the last campaign, is the heart of the american people is beating strong and is wonderful and compassionate. i cannot tell you the number of people in all walks of life of all different perspectives who in the last campaign asked that very question and did so in a heartfelt way. it renews your faith that as divided as we seem to be, as rancorous as this town is, there is still some commonality that,

if we can use it as a touchstone, that we might be able to work together in a more civil way and that is my intent. if you look at the history of me and the congress, that is what i was able to a coppice. my wife and i wrote a book earlier this year called "bella's gift." raising a little girl who had a 1% chance which he was born, she had a 1% survival chance to reach a year. she is now seven, she just lost her two front teeth, so we know what we are getting her for christmas. we are excited that she is doing well, karen and i wrote this book to chronicle our journey. i always say we split the book in half, she wrote 11 chapters, i wrote seven.

it is a discussion about how difficult, challenging, stressful, raising a child is, particularly one who has severe health problems, and in bella's case she almost died twice. how it is a great challenge to the family, but an incredible blessing. we have found in a world of the disabled, so many people who have come up to us and shared their stories with us. while it is a challenge, and i know in many cases in this world you see, for example, down syndrome children, reports are 80% to 90% of down syndrome children are aborted. people see disabilities as something not to be embraced and wanted. hardsociety says it is too . you have to look out for yourself. this is too difficult a task to manage. what we found is, yes, it is difficult and stressful. it is a blessing we thank god

for every day. thank you for asking about her. thank you for your prayers. to shineontinue bella's light very brightly. >> senator, thank you for coming. [applause] >> i would like to thank the national press cup staff and broadcast center for helping us to organize today's event. if you like a copy of this program, go to that website, press.org. thank you very much for coming today. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

[indiscernible] mr. sanctorum: isis is the one threatening this country. i understand. from my perspective, first things first. we have an organization, isis, that is a great challenge to the security of our country and stability of the region. if it is not eliminated, it can be a serious national security threat to our country. that is our priority. i am not as familiar with the different elements that are fighting aside.

that is something we will look toward and if there is something -- we have a very mixed bag as to whether we have any type of resistance that you want to align with. >> what about no-fly zone? it depends on what our alternatives are in the country. challenges to sitting senators in the last two election cycles. do you expect that will help you in the quest for delegates in the states? mr. sanctorum: we have been someone with set up and fought for something we thought was the right thing to get washington justhe old slide of lurching toward a bigger government and more socialist state. whether i was in the senate, i

try to get behind folks who i thought -- like ted cruz, i endorsed him in the primary, before the primary. i had done so with a host of other candidates. and will continue to use our influence as president to make sure we get our country back on the right track and to limited government and more freedom. >> what do you expect mexico to do? what should they be doing? if you talk to folks who are at the border, they want to use the other side of the border is pretty much a lawless area that allows for a lot of activity. every thing drug running to sex slavery. runningthing from drug to sex slavery. the first thing to do is get that control of that section of

your country. allowing people to come through your country on their way from central and south america, into the united states, that is another area that the mexican government has not been helpful. >> you mentioned specifically the influx of migrants from central america. how would your immigration platform deal with that problem that was called a humanitarian crisis? critical again, -- mr. sanctorum: again, we would treatment skins the same at the border -- we would treat mexicans the same at the border. apprehend people at the border and returned them to mexico, even though i know they are not mexicans. that is where they came from. to return should be them where they came from. [indiscernible] again this is a difficult

situation here it is scenario -- situation. a scenario where we can work with the mexican government. they have responsibility then if they try to enter this country. that should be a part of what the mexican government should do is a stopping them from coming into the country in the first place. when it does reach our border, it becomes a shared responsibility. these is facilitating types of the border crossings. they have to take responsibility. >> [indiscernible] mr. sanctorum: i'm going to have to run. thank you. thanks. well, thank you. [indiscernible]

mr. sanctorum: sure. [indiscernible] santorum: it is more than a two-minute answer. i have another speech. thank you. >> our wrote to the white house coverage continues, live from the iowa state fair on c-span, c-span radio and c-span.org. as the candidates walk the fairgrounds and speak at the soapbox. on friday morning at 11 a.m. eastern, it is ted cruz. on saturday, republican governors chris christie at noon and bobby jindal at 1:00. join the twitter conversation soapbox.

candidates, marco rubio laid out his economic priorities at a speech at the detroit economic club. he called for decreasing the corporate tax rate to 25%, and increasing the current child tax credit. this is 45 minutes. mr. rubio: thank you. where's my water here? thank you very much. i am on it to be here. it is great to be here at the detroit economic club. i cannot think of a better place to discuss the challenges and

opportunities for our nation. i cannot think of a better place than to try to do it. i don't think any city betterands the vision than detroit. no city understands the height of attainable through the american dream better than detroit. the city understands the pain of losing the dream and the importance of restoring it better than detroit. , truly thethis city heart of the old economy, is the perfect place to discuss how we can embrace a new american economy, one even grander and richer in opportunity and chances than ever before. so let's begin by looking back to the year 1896, when in a small workshop on the mac avenue which is less than 10 miles from here. "while oftructed scrap iron. seven years later,

this man henry ford founded the ford motor company and the pile of scrap iron became the first affordable automobile which would put the world on wheels and alter the nature of work and life. what ended up making the story remarkable was not one outstanding genius or one company. it was how the entire economy took an invention and turned it into an engine for prosperity. the affordable automobile do not just do not create a business. it created thousands of businesses. that wast opportunity able to reach more people than ever before. passe generations would pace ofseeing -- the human progress changed during the industrial revolution.

it has accelerated ever since. the ford motor company was not the clear winner for the most transformative development for the year. it was two brothers from kitty hawk, not kill and a, who also -- kitty hawk, north carolina, who also had a break through that year. here we stand more than a century later. the economic changes still accelerating. when my first child was born after the turn of this new century, there was no such thing as facebook or youtube or an iphone. in fact, only 40% of the entire country was on the internet. just 15 years later, my children can access the world's knowledge from the supercomputers in their pocket. they can also access the game minecraft which i have not figured out. [laughter] they live in a -- they live in an economy where amazon does not

own a single store. the largest trepidation company, uber, it does not own a vehicle's. the largest accommodation providers, airbnb, does not own a siegel hotel. -- does not own a single hotel. it is not built on a single change, but on change itself. on the fact that transit -- -- more innovations will be on the way in the next five years. these advances in technology is replacing jobs with new ones. and it has turned our economy from a national one to an international one. detroit needs a lesson in this. globalization has upended the auto industry. cars are now basically computers on wheels. this city must compete with many others to design the best products at the best prices.

this transition has not been easy here at for many years, the power of these impacting detroit has made it harder. regulations were crippling. crony capitalism was rancid. andresult were inefficiency a lag in timing. opportunity for the people of detroit vomited. -- detroit plummeted. nationton is leading the -- while america's economy is built on change, it is controlled by the federal government which is resistant to change. others are adapting to the economy, while washington is holding onto the old economy. as a result, america is no longer the best place for the henry ford's of today to create the businesses of tomorrow. while innovations keep trans forming our world, our economy is struggling to translate them

into opportunity for our people. a that makes this election generational choice about what we do next. hillary clinton believes the way to win the race is to drive in reverse. to revert back to more regulations, higher taxes, bigger government. i believe the way forward is to embrace the future. modernize our government. i believe we will once again make america the best place to create jobs. fill empower americans to those jobs, then our generation will embrace the american economy. that will lay the foundation for a new american century. today, detroit is an example of what can happen under probe business leadership. other governor snyder, corporate drive -- orbit taxes have dropped significantly. thanks to numerous progrowth reforms, michigan now has one of

the best entrepreneurial environments in the country. as a result, innovation is surging. jobs are returning. lights are back on and buildings that were once vacant. while it is true, the city received help from check -- received help from taxpayers, -- a reformed economy. not a bailout. many of the business leaders in this room can attest, one of the biggest obstacles between detroit and its future continues to be washington, dc. until washington learns what the city has already learned, our entire nation will be held back from a new economy. that is why if i am fortunate enough to be president, my -- our reforms will be based on addressing the